Nanotechnology encompasses various interdisciplinary research areas, focusing on materials with unique properties at the nanoscale (10-1000 nm). Nanoparticles serve as carriers for drugs, improving delivery and therapeutic efficacy across multiple routes, with applications in cancer therapy, drug delivery systems, genomics, and food enhancement. Despite their advantages, challenges include potential toxicity, limited drug loading capacity, and difficulties in handling due to aggregation.

1. PRESENTED BY:- MOHD RASHID HUSSAIN
Sid:- 51697.
SGVU (4th year)

2. Nanotechnology is a broad interdisciplinary area
of research, development and industrial activity.
* Why “nano”
Nanomaterials have superior properties than the bulk
substances :
 Mechanical strength
 Thermal stability
 Catalytic activity
 Electrical conductivity
 Magnetic properties
 Optical properties

3. “Nanoparticles are sub-nano sized colloidal
structures composed of synthetic or semi-
synthetic polymers.”
 Size range : 10–1000 nm
 The drug is dissolved, entrapped, encapsulated or attached to
a nanoparticle matrix.
NANOPARTICLES:
Nanoparticles are the end products of a wide variety of
physical, chemical and biological processes.

4.  Nanocapsules:- Nanocapsules are systems in which
the drug is confined to a cavity surrounded by a
unique polymer membrane.
 Nanospheres:- Nanospheres are matrix systems in
which the drug is physically and uniformly
dispersed.

5.  Solid Lipid Nanoparticles
 Polymeric Nanoparticles
 Ceramic Nanoparticles
 Hydrogel Nanoparticles
 Copolymerized Peptide Nanoparticles
 Nanocrystals and Nanosuspensions
 Functionalized Nanocarriers
 Nanospheres
 Nanocapsules

6. New type of colloidal drug carrier system for i.v.
Consists of spherical solid lipid particles in the nm
range, dispersed in water or in aqueous surfactant
solution.
Polymeric nanoparticles (PNPs):-
are defined as particulate dispersions or solid
particles with size in the range of 10-1000nm.
* Composed of synthetic or semi-synthetic Polymers.

7. These are the nanoparticles made up of inorganic
(ceramic) compounds silica.
Exist in size less than 50 nm, which helps them in
evading deeper parts of the body.
Hydrogel nanoparticles:
Polymeric system involving the self-assembly and
self aggregation of natural polymer amphiphiles.
cholesteroyl dextran and agarose cholesterol
groups provide cross linking points

8. Drug moiety is covalently bound to the carrier instead of being
physically entrapped.
Nanocrystals And Nanosuspensions:-
Pure drug coated with surfactant.
Aggregation of these particles in crystalline form drug powder
dispersed in aqueous surfactant solution.
Functionalized Nanocarriers:-
Biological materials like proteins, enzymes, peptides etc… are
being utilized as a carriers for the drug delivery.

9. Nano particle can be administered by:-
Parental,oral,nasal,occular routes.
Improves stability and therapeutics index
and reduce toxic affects.
Both active & passive drug targetting can be
achieved.

10. Toxic metabolites may form.
Limited drug loading.
Small size & large surface area can lead to particle
aggregation .
Physical handling of nano particles is difficult in
liquid and dry forms.

11. 1.Cancer therapy.
2. Drug delivery system.
3. Labeling and imaging.
4. Diagnosis.
5. Gene delivery.
6. Biosensor.
7. Antimicrobial agent.
8. To improve food texture.
9. To improve nutritional value of food.
Application