This document provides an overview of nanotechnology. It begins by defining nanotechnology as engineering functional systems at the molecular scale from 1-100 nanometers. Key concepts discussed include the history and origins of nanotechnology from Richard Feynman in 1959 to the modern era. Fundamental concepts around nanoscale sizes from 1-100 nm are explained. Generations of nanotechnology development and approaches like top-down and bottom-up assembly are outlined. Applications of nanotechnology in various fields such as IT, medicine, robotics, and electronics are described. The document concludes by discussing future opportunities for nanotechnology in areas like pollution prevention, treatment, and manufacturing.
What is nanotechnology?
History
Nanoscale
Manufacturing at the nanoscale
Working at the nanoscale
Size of the nanoscale
Application
Conclusion
References
With this presentation developed within the NANOYOU project you will discover some of the secrets of the nanoscale and will learn about the applications of nanotechnologies.
For more resources on nanotechnologies you can visit: www.nanoyou.eu
Translations to several languages are also availabe in the NANOYOU website.
The Nano World - STS Report Group 3 | CLDH - EI
Aslie Ace Pacete
Cheska Oga
Francis Gabriel Oliberos
Joyce Anne Orfiana
Luigi Sam Policarpio
Nico Co Navarro
Patricia Reyes
This is a presentation I made for a school project.
It is not a professional presentation but it does have a lot of information and is perfect to use for a school projects after you make a few changes.
What is nanotechnology?
History
Nanoscale
Manufacturing at the nanoscale
Working at the nanoscale
Size of the nanoscale
Application
Conclusion
References
With this presentation developed within the NANOYOU project you will discover some of the secrets of the nanoscale and will learn about the applications of nanotechnologies.
For more resources on nanotechnologies you can visit: www.nanoyou.eu
Translations to several languages are also availabe in the NANOYOU website.
The Nano World - STS Report Group 3 | CLDH - EI
Aslie Ace Pacete
Cheska Oga
Francis Gabriel Oliberos
Joyce Anne Orfiana
Luigi Sam Policarpio
Nico Co Navarro
Patricia Reyes
This is a presentation I made for a school project.
It is not a professional presentation but it does have a lot of information and is perfect to use for a school projects after you make a few changes.
Nanotechnologies: Benefits and risks for developed and developing countriesNANOYOU
With this presentation developed within the NANOYOU project you will learn about the ethical, legal and social aspects of nanotechnologies, with a special emphasis on the benefits and risks for the developed and developing countries.
For more materials on nanotechnologies visit: www.nanoyou.eu
Translations to several languages are also availabe in the NANOYOU website.
Engineering Assisted Surgery - Robots and NanobotsNinian Peckitt
Engineering Assisted Surgery is the application of Industrial Manufacturing Technology to the delivery of Healthcare. Professor Peckitt discusses the application of Robots and Nanobots in this presentation
Nanotechnologies: Benefits and risks for developed and developing countriesNANOYOU
With this presentation developed within the NANOYOU project you will learn about the ethical, legal and social aspects of nanotechnologies, with a special emphasis on the benefits and risks for the developed and developing countries.
For more materials on nanotechnologies visit: www.nanoyou.eu
Translations to several languages are also availabe in the NANOYOU website.
Engineering Assisted Surgery - Robots and NanobotsNinian Peckitt
Engineering Assisted Surgery is the application of Industrial Manufacturing Technology to the delivery of Healthcare. Professor Peckitt discusses the application of Robots and Nanobots in this presentation
What is DRM?
DRM standards
Microsoft Playready , Apple FairPlay , OMA DRM
DRM Techniques
Streaming standards
HTTP live stream, MPEG DASH etc.
DRM content playback
Silverlight, Flash, HTML5 Premium Video Extensions
An introduction to nano-science and nanotechnology, now in English !!
I am sorry about mistakes like "Fisics" instead of "Physics" and "alone atoms" where should be "sinlge atoms".
=)
Seminar report on solar tree (by Vikas)dreamervikas
Now a days with the growing population and energy demand we should take a renewable option of energy source and also we should keep in mind that energy should not cause pollution and other natural hazards. In this case the solar energy is the best option for us.
so based on solar energy the solar tree is formed and it acquire very less land.
Nanotechnology: Basic introduction to the nanotechnology.Sathya Sujani
This simple presentation will help you to understand the every aspects of nanotechnology including basic definition and it's practical application in a very simple yet precise manner.
Nanoscience and nanotechnology are the study and application of extremely small things and can be used across all the other science fields, such as chemistry, biology, physics, materials science, and engineering.
It’s hard to imagine just how small nanotechnology is. One nanometer is a billionth of a meter, or 10-9 of a meter. Here are a few illustrative examples:
There are 25,400,000 nanometers in an inch
A sheet of newspaper is about 100,000 nanometers thick
On a comparative scale, if a marble were a nanometer, then one meter would be the size of the Earth
Nanoscience and nanotechnology involve the ability to see and to control individual atoms and molecules. Everything on Earth is made up of atoms—the food we eat, the clothes we wear, the buildings and houses we live in, and our own bodies.
But something as small as an atom is impossible to see with the naked eye. In fact, it’s impossible to see with the microscopes typically used in a high school science classes. The microscopes needed to see things at the nanoscale were invented relatively recently—about 30 years ago.
Once scientists had the right tools, such as the scanning tunneling microscope (STM) and the atomic force microscope (AFM), the age of nanotechnology was born.
Although modern nanoscience and nanotechnology are quite new, nanoscale materials were used for centuries. Alternate-sized gold and silver particles created colors in the stained glass windows of medieval churches hundreds of years ago. The artists back then just didn’t know that the process they used to create these beautiful works of art actually led to changes in the composition of the materials they were working with.
Today's scientists and engineers are finding a wide variety of ways to deliberately make materials at the nanoscale to take advantage of their enhanced properties such as higher strength, lighter weight, increased control of light spectrum, and greater chemical reactivity than their larger-scale counterparts.
Nanotechnology ("nanotech") is manipulation of matter on an atomic, molecular, and supramolecular scale. The earliest, widespread description of nanotechnology referred to the particular technological goal of precisely manipulating atoms and molecules for fabrication of macroscale products, also now referred to as molecular nanotechnology. A more generalized description of nanotechnology was subsequently established by the National Nanotechnology Initiative, which defines nanotechnology as the manipulation of matter with at least one dimension sized from 1 to 100 nanometers. This definition reflects the fact that quantum mechanical effects are important at this quantum-realm scale, and so the definition shifted from a particular technological goal to a research category inclusive of all types of research and technologies that deal with the special properties of matter which occur below the given size threshold. It is therefore common to see the plural form "nanotechnologies" as well as "nanoscale technologies" to refer to the broad range of research and applications whose common trait is size.
Nanotechnology and Its Applications which are related to the field of engineering and mainly bio-nanotechnology, electronics and green nanotechnology in India.
For many decades, nanotechnology has been developed with cooperation from researchers in several fields of studies including physics, chemistry, biology, material science, engineering, and computer science. Nanotechnology is engineering at the molecular (groups of atoms) level. It is the collective term for a range of technologies, techniques and processes that involve the manipulation of matter at the smallest scale (from 1 to 100 nm2).The nanotechnology provides better future for human life in various fields. In future nanotechnology provides economy, ecofriendly and efficient technology which removes all difficult predicaments which is faced by us in today life scenario. Nanotechnology is the technology of preference to make things small, light and cheap, nanotechnology based manufacturing is a method conceived for processing and rearranging of atoms to fabricate custom products.
The nanotechnology applications have three different categories nanosystems, nanomaterials and nanoelectronics. The impact of the nanotechnology occurred on computing and data storage, materials and manufacturing, health and medicine, energy and environment, transportation, national security and space exploration. There are many applications of nanotechnology which are exciting in our life such as nanopowder, nanotubes, membrane filter, quantum computers etc.
But there are several problems which are occurred with the exploration of the nanotechnology such as the wastes released while making the materials for nanotechnology are released into the atmosphere and can even penetrate human and animal cells and effect their performance, agricultural countries will lose their income as nanotechnology will take over, if any damage is done at the molecular level then it is not possible to revert it.
Explore the innovative world of trenchless pipe repair with our comprehensive guide, "The Benefits and Techniques of Trenchless Pipe Repair." This document delves into the modern methods of repairing underground pipes without the need for extensive excavation, highlighting the numerous advantages and the latest techniques used in the industry.
Learn about the cost savings, reduced environmental impact, and minimal disruption associated with trenchless technology. Discover detailed explanations of popular techniques such as pipe bursting, cured-in-place pipe (CIPP) lining, and directional drilling. Understand how these methods can be applied to various types of infrastructure, from residential plumbing to large-scale municipal systems.
Ideal for homeowners, contractors, engineers, and anyone interested in modern plumbing solutions, this guide provides valuable insights into why trenchless pipe repair is becoming the preferred choice for pipe rehabilitation. Stay informed about the latest advancements and best practices in the field.
Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
Instead of buying and hoping for the best, we can use data science to help us predict which products may be good fits for us. It includes various function programs to do the above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
The automated cosmetic shop management system should deal with the automation of general workflow and administration process of the shop. The main processes of the system focus on customer's request where the system is able to search the most appropriate products and deliver it to the customers. It should help the employees to quickly identify the list of cosmetic product that have reached the minimum quantity and also keep a track of expired date for each cosmetic product. It should help the employees to find the rack number in which the product is placed.It is also Faster and more efficient way.
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
Student information management system project report ii.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project explains about the student management. This project mainly explains the various actions related to student details. This project shows some ease in adding, editing and deleting the student details. It also provides a less time consuming process for viewing, adding, editing and deleting the marks of the students.
Forklift Classes Overview by Intella PartsIntella Parts
Discover the different forklift classes and their specific applications. Learn how to choose the right forklift for your needs to ensure safety, efficiency, and compliance in your operations.
For more technical information, visit our website https://intellaparts.com
Democratizing Fuzzing at Scale by Abhishek Aryaabh.arya
Presented at NUS: Fuzzing and Software Security Summer School 2024
This keynote talks about the democratization of fuzzing at scale, highlighting the collaboration between open source communities, academia, and industry to advance the field of fuzzing. It delves into the history of fuzzing, the development of scalable fuzzing platforms, and the empowerment of community-driven research. The talk will further discuss recent advancements leveraging AI/ML and offer insights into the future evolution of the fuzzing landscape.
Overview of the fundamental roles in Hydropower generation and the components involved in wider Electrical Engineering.
This paper presents the design and construction of hydroelectric dams from the hydrologist’s survey of the valley before construction, all aspects and involved disciplines, fluid dynamics, structural engineering, generation and mains frequency regulation to the very transmission of power through the network in the United Kingdom.
Author: Robbie Edward Sayers
Collaborators and co editors: Charlie Sims and Connor Healey.
(C) 2024 Robbie E. Sayers
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
Courier management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
It is now-a-days very important for the people to send or receive articles like imported furniture, electronic items, gifts, business goods and the like. People depend vastly on different transport systems which mostly use the manual way of receiving and delivering the articles. There is no way to track the articles till they are received and there is no way to let the customer know what happened in transit, once he booked some articles. In such a situation, we need a system which completely computerizes the cargo activities including time to time tracking of the articles sent. This need is fulfilled by Courier Management System software which is online software for the cargo management people that enables them to receive the goods from a source and send them to a required destination and track their status from time to time.
NO1 Uk best vashikaran specialist in delhi vashikaran baba near me online vas...Amil Baba Dawood bangali
Contact with Dawood Bhai Just call on +92322-6382012 and we'll help you. We'll solve all your problems within 12 to 24 hours and with 101% guarantee and with astrology systematic. If you want to take any personal or professional advice then also you can call us on +92322-6382012 , ONLINE LOVE PROBLEM & Other all types of Daily Life Problem's.Then CALL or WHATSAPP us on +92322-6382012 and Get all these problems solutions here by Amil Baba DAWOOD BANGALI
#vashikaranspecialist #astrologer #palmistry #amliyaat #taweez #manpasandshadi #horoscope #spiritual #lovelife #lovespell #marriagespell#aamilbabainpakistan #amilbabainkarachi #powerfullblackmagicspell #kalajadumantarspecialist #realamilbaba #AmilbabainPakistan #astrologerincanada #astrologerindubai #lovespellsmaster #kalajaduspecialist #lovespellsthatwork #aamilbabainlahore#blackmagicformarriage #aamilbaba #kalajadu #kalailam #taweez #wazifaexpert #jadumantar #vashikaranspecialist #astrologer #palmistry #amliyaat #taweez #manpasandshadi #horoscope #spiritual #lovelife #lovespell #marriagespell#aamilbabainpakistan #amilbabainkarachi #powerfullblackmagicspell #kalajadumantarspecialist #realamilbaba #AmilbabainPakistan #astrologerincanada #astrologerindubai #lovespellsmaster #kalajaduspecialist #lovespellsthatwork #aamilbabainlahore #blackmagicforlove #blackmagicformarriage #aamilbaba #kalajadu #kalailam #taweez #wazifaexpert #jadumantar #vashikaranspecialist #astrologer #palmistry #amliyaat #taweez #manpasandshadi #horoscope #spiritual #lovelife #lovespell #marriagespell#aamilbabainpakistan #amilbabainkarachi #powerfullblackmagicspell #kalajadumantarspecialist #realamilbaba #AmilbabainPakistan #astrologerincanada #astrologerindubai #lovespellsmaster #kalajaduspecialist #lovespellsthatwork #aamilbabainlahore #Amilbabainuk #amilbabainspain #amilbabaindubai #Amilbabainnorway #amilbabainkrachi #amilbabainlahore #amilbabaingujranwalan #amilbabainislamabad
2. PAPER PRESENTATION ON NANOTECHNOLOGY
WHAT IS NANO?
“The creation of functional devices, and systems through the control of matter on nm
Length scales and the exploitation of novel properties at this length scale.”
How big (small) is a nanometer?
NANO is “dwarf” and denotes a billionth
1,000,000,000 = 1 billion
0.000000001 = 1 billionth
1 x 10^-9 = 1 billionth
WHAT IS NANOTECHNOLOGY ?
“Nanotechnology is the engineering of the functional systems at the molecular scale.”
This covers both work and concepts that more advanced.
In its original sense NANOTECHNOLOGY refers to the projected ability to construct items
from the bottom up , using techniques and tools being developed today to make complete,
2
3. high performance products.
2.Living systems are able to live because of the vast amount of highly ordered molecular
machinery from which they are built.
3.The central dogma of molecular biology states that the information required to build a
living cell or organism is stored in the DNA.
4.This information is transferred from the DNA to the proteins by the processes called
transcription and translation.
5.Molecular biology is a field in which the study of these interactions has led to the discovery
of numerous pharmaceuticals that have been enormously effective in curing disease.
HISTORY/ORIGIN
The first use of the concepts found in 'nano-technology' (but pre-dating use of that name) was
in "There's Plenty of Room at the Bottom," a talk given by physicist Richard Feynman at an
American Physical Society meeting at Caltech on December 29, 1959. The term
"nanotechnology" was defined by Tokyo Science University Professor Norio Taniguchi in a
1974
3
4. In the 1980s the basic idea of this definition was explored in much more depth by Dr. K. Eric
Drexler, who promoted the technological significance of nano-scale phenomena and devices
through speeches and the books Engines of Creation: The Coming Era of Nanotechnology .
Nanotechnology and nanoscience got started in the early 1980s with two major
developments; the birth of cluster science and the invention of the scanning tunneling
microscope (STM).
This development led to the discovery of fullerenes in 1985 and carbon nanotubes a few
years later.
In another development, the synthesis and properties of semiconductor nanocrystals was
studied; this led to a fast increasing number of metal and metal oxide nanoparticles and
quantum dots. The atomic force microscope (AFM or SFM) was invented six years after the
STM was invented.
In 2000, the United States National Nanotechnology Initiative was founded to coordinate
Federal nanotechnology research and development.
FUNDAMENTALCONCEPTS
One nanometer (nm) is one billionth, or 10−9
, of a meter. By comparison, typical carbon-
carbon bond lengths, or the spacing between these atoms in a molecule, are in the range 0.12–
0.15 nm, and a DNA double-helix has a diameter around 2 nm. On the other hand, the
4
5. smallest cellular life-forms, the bacteria of the genus Mycoplasma, are around 200 nm in
length.
To put that scale in another context, the comparative size of a nanometer to a meter is the
same as that of a marble to the size of the earth. Or another way of putting it: a nanometer is
the amount a man's beard grows in the time it takes him to raise the razor to his face. Two
main approaches are used in nanotechnology. In the "bottom-up" approach, materials and
devices are built from molecular components which assemble themselves chemically by
principles of molecular recognition. In the "top-down" approach, nano-objects are
constructed from larger entities without atomic-level control. Areas of physics
such as nanoelectronics, nanomechanics and nanophotonics have evolved during the last few
decades to provide a basic scientific foundation of nanotechnology.
Fundamental
Understanding
Characterization and
Experimentation Modeling and
Simulation
Synthesis and
Integration
Nano to Macro
Inorganic and Organic
Optical with Mechanical
with Electrical with
Magnetic with …
5
6. FOUR GENERATIONS
Mihail (Mike) Roco of the U.S. National Nanotechnology Initiative has described four
generations of nanotechnology development (see chart below). The current era, as Roco
depicts it, is that of passive nanostructures, materials designed to perform one task. The
second phase, which we are just entering, introduces active nanostructures for multitasking;
for example, actuators, drug delivery devices, and sensors. The third generation is expected to
begin emerging around 2010 and will feature nanosystems with thousands of interacting
components. A few years after that, the first integrated nanosystems, functioning (according
to Roco) much like a mammalian cell with hierarchical systems within systems, are expected
to be developed.
Some experts may still insist that nanotechnology can refer to measurement or visualization
at the scale of 1-100 nanometers, but a consensus seems to be forming around the idea (put
forward by the NNI's Mike Roco) that control and restructuring of matter at the nanoscale is a
necessary element. CRN's definition is a bit more precise than that, but as work progresses
through the four generations of nanotechnology leading up to molecular nanosystems, which
will include molecular manufacturing, we think it will become increasingly obvious that
6
7. "engineering of functional systems at the molecular scale" is what nanotech is really all
about.
NANOTECHNOLOGY IN DIFFERENT FIELDS
Nanotechnology in IT Field
1.A branch of computer science that is allowing rapid progress to be made in
nanotechnology is the computer simulation of molecular scale events.
2. Molecular simulation is able to provide and predict data about molecular systems that
would normally require enormous effort to obtain physically.
3. By organizing virtual atoms in a molecular simulation environment, one can effectively
model nanoscale systems.
4. For nanoscale systems, simulations and theory infact have provided novel properties that
has led to new designs, materials and systems for nanotechnology applications.
EXAMPLE: carbon nanotubes applications in molecular electronics
Nanotechnology in Medical Field
Molecular medicine, bioinformatics and biomolecular nanotechnology are rapidly increasing
our ability to heal and stay healthy.
BIOTECHNOLOGY:
1. All living organisms are composed of molecules, molecular biology has become
the primary focus of biotechnology.
Nanotechnology in Robotics
NANOROBOTS:
Nanorobots are theoretical microscopic devices measured on the scale of nanometers.
Nanomedicine :
1.Nanorobots are so tiny that they can easily traverse the human body. Scientists report the
exterior of a nanorobot will likely be constructed of carbon atoms in a diamondoid structure
because of its inert properties and strength.
2. Glucose or natural body sugars and oxygen might be a source for propulsion, and the
nanorobot will have other biochemical or molecular parts depending on its task.
7
8. 3. Nanorobots will possess at least rudimentary two-way communication; will respond to
acoustic signals; and will be able to receive power or
even re-programming instructions from an external source via sound waves.
4. A network of special stationary nanorobots might be strategically positioned throughout
the body, logging each active nanorobot as it passes then reporting those results, allowing
an interface to keep track of all of the devices in the body.
5. A doctor could not only monitor a patient’s progress but change the instructions of the
nanorobots in vivo to progress to another stage of healing. When the task is completed, the
nanorobots would be flushed from the body.
Nanotechnology in Electronics
1.As transistors such as the Metal-Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor (MOSFET )
one of the primary components used in integrated circuits) is made smaller, both its
properties and manufacturing expense change with the scale.
2.Currently, Ultraviolet light is used to create the silicon circuits with a lateral resolution
around 200 nm (the wavelength of ultraviolet light).
3.As the circuits shrink below 100 nm new fabrication methods must be created, resulting in
increasing costs.
4.Furthermore, once the circuit size reaches only a few nanometers, quantum effects such as
tunneling begin to become important, which drastically changes the ability for the computers
to function normally.
5. Thus, novel methods for computer chip fabrication have been and are being intensely
sought by microchip manufactures.
Nano Mirrors
1.The objective is to quantify aerial image in terms of important parameters such as
normalized image log slope, contrast, and spots/min feature size, to come up with the most
robust method of gray-scaled pattern generation using analog modulation of micromirrors.
Nano springs (Belts)
1.The objective is to quantify aerial image in terms of important parameters such as
normalized image log slope, contrast, and spots/min feature size, to come up with the most
robust method of gray-scaled pattern generation using analog modulation of micromirrors.
8
9. Nanotubes & Nano bearings
1.This is a computer-rendered model of a partially telescoped nanotube with a Leonardo
DaVinci manuscript as the background.
2.In the manuscript, DaVinci considers the construction of bearings, and also the frictional
forces that might be encountered in bearings and sliding surfaces.
3. He also has a drawing of a constant force spring (a mass hanging from a cord over a
pulley).
4. A nanotube bearing may be the ultimate realization of some of DaVinci's dreams:
Here is the same model without the DaVinci manuscript in the background
NANOMOTOR
1. The small Nanomotor is half the size of a match stick.
2. It can lift six times of its own mass. The dynamic force of this Nanomotor is so high that
even imprints in diamond surfaces can be produced.
Current research
9
10. Graphical representation of a rotaxane, useful as a molecular switch.
Sarfus image of a DNA biochip elaborated by bottom-up approach.
This device transfers energy from nano-thin layers of quantum wells to nanocrystals above
them, causing the nanocrystals to emit visible light
10
12. Involved in making a
manufacturing process
environmentally benign.
An environmentally benign
material or manufactured
product that replaces toxic
substances or minimizes
raw materials.
Synthetic or manufacturing
processes which can occur at
ambient temperature and
pressure.
Nanotechnology for
pollution prevention
Use of non-toxic catalysts with
minimal production of resultant
pollutants.
Use of aqueous-based
reactions.
Build molecules as needed --
“just in time.”
Nanoscale information
technologies for product
identification and tracking to
manage recycling,
remanufacture, and end of life
disposal of solvents.
12
13. Nanotechnology and
the Environment
Nature of nanoparticles
themselves.
The bad…
• As nano-xyz is manufactured,
what materials are used?
Characteristics of the products
made.
Manufacturing processes involved.
• What waste is produced?
• Are toxic substances used in the
manufacturing of nano-xyz?
• What happens when nano-xyz
gets into the air, soil, water, or
biota?
The good…
Nanotechnology has the potential to
substantially benefit environmental
quality and sustainability through
•Pollution prevention
•Treatment
•Remediation
•Information
13
14. To detect and “kill” individual cancer cells before they
manifest as tumors using functionalized nanoparticles
◦ 5 to 10 nm particles (small enough to interact with intracellular
markers)
◦ nanoparticles are coated and functionalized with antibodies,
oligonucleotides, peptide ligands and drugs
◦ Introduced to body via bloodstream
◦ “Look” for markers inside cell by MRI or deliver agent or irradiate
Not fordistribution
14