This module in the N5 Communication group called Media Communication and Advertising is for FET students studying Communication at FET Colleges in South Africa. Management Assistant as well as Marketing and Business Studies students may find this helpful.
N6 Communication - Problem solving for N6 students at TVET CollegesVarsity College
This module deals with N6 Communication's module regarding problem solving. Students can use this slideshow as notes or just for background for this module.
N6 Communication - Coping with Conflict and Stress for N6 students at TVET Co...Varsity College
This module explains conflict and stress for N6 students studying at TVET Colleges in South Africa. It may be used as stand alone notes or just for background for this module.
N6 Communication - Problem solving for N6 students at TVET CollegesVarsity College
This module deals with N6 Communication's module regarding problem solving. Students can use this slideshow as notes or just for background for this module.
N6 Communication - Coping with Conflict and Stress for N6 students at TVET Co...Varsity College
This module explains conflict and stress for N6 students studying at TVET Colleges in South Africa. It may be used as stand alone notes or just for background for this module.
N6 Interview concepts (Communication students at FET Colleges South Africa)Suzaan Oltmann
N6 Interview concepts focuses on the interviewer and the interviewee during an interview process. Especially for N6 Communication student at South African FET Colleges.
N4 Communication - Interviews for students at TVET Colleges in South Africa.Varsity College
Interviews is Module 4 for the theory paper for students at TVET Colleges in South Africa. It also links with the module in N6 Communication, also about interviews. This slideshow can be used as notes to understand the module better.
These slides gives the detailed description about meetings and its types, how to plan and how to conduct meeting. Also how to prepare agenda and minutes for a meeting.
N4 Communication - Basic Communication Principles for N4 students at TVET Col...Varsity College
This module lays the foundation for all communication studies. The Basic Communication Principles is Module 1 for N4 students at TVET Colleges in South Africa. These notes can be used as background for students' studies.
Speaking in Public, Definition of Public Speaking, The power of Public Speaking, Similarities and DIfferences between Public Speaking and Conversation, How to manage your nervousness.
N4 Communication - Interpersonal relationships and social interaction. A modu...Varsity College
Module 2 covers interpersonal relationships and social interaction and all you need to know as a student to understand this module. Especially for TVET College students studying in South Africa.
N4 Interpersonal relationships and social interaction, FET Colleges, South Af...Suzaan Oltmann
Interpersonal relationships and social interaction. This N4 Module for Communication in FET Colleges, South Africa, is explained on a slideshow. For all N4 students studying at FET Colleges in South Africa.
The Précis or Summary, for N4, N5 or N6 Communication students studying at FE...Suzaan Oltmann
The summary is important in the N4, N5 and N6 Communication Module. Use this short presentation to get you to write more effectively. Especially for students studying Communication at FET Colleges in South Africa.
N5 Communication students will find this module about Multicultural communication interesting and challenging. We live in a changing South Africa. Use these slides to understand the world better around you. Especially for N5 Communication students studying at FET Colleges in South Africa.
N6 Interview concepts (Communication students at FET Colleges South Africa)Suzaan Oltmann
N6 Interview concepts focuses on the interviewer and the interviewee during an interview process. Especially for N6 Communication student at South African FET Colleges.
N4 Communication - Interviews for students at TVET Colleges in South Africa.Varsity College
Interviews is Module 4 for the theory paper for students at TVET Colleges in South Africa. It also links with the module in N6 Communication, also about interviews. This slideshow can be used as notes to understand the module better.
These slides gives the detailed description about meetings and its types, how to plan and how to conduct meeting. Also how to prepare agenda and minutes for a meeting.
N4 Communication - Basic Communication Principles for N4 students at TVET Col...Varsity College
This module lays the foundation for all communication studies. The Basic Communication Principles is Module 1 for N4 students at TVET Colleges in South Africa. These notes can be used as background for students' studies.
Speaking in Public, Definition of Public Speaking, The power of Public Speaking, Similarities and DIfferences between Public Speaking and Conversation, How to manage your nervousness.
N4 Communication - Interpersonal relationships and social interaction. A modu...Varsity College
Module 2 covers interpersonal relationships and social interaction and all you need to know as a student to understand this module. Especially for TVET College students studying in South Africa.
N4 Interpersonal relationships and social interaction, FET Colleges, South Af...Suzaan Oltmann
Interpersonal relationships and social interaction. This N4 Module for Communication in FET Colleges, South Africa, is explained on a slideshow. For all N4 students studying at FET Colleges in South Africa.
The Précis or Summary, for N4, N5 or N6 Communication students studying at FE...Suzaan Oltmann
The summary is important in the N4, N5 and N6 Communication Module. Use this short presentation to get you to write more effectively. Especially for students studying Communication at FET Colleges in South Africa.
N5 Communication students will find this module about Multicultural communication interesting and challenging. We live in a changing South Africa. Use these slides to understand the world better around you. Especially for N5 Communication students studying at FET Colleges in South Africa.
N4 Communication - Organisational Communication for students at TVET Colleges...Varsity College
Organisational Communication, Module 3 for N4 students studying Communication at TVET Colleges in South Africa. This slideshow can be used as notes for this module.
How to write a notice on a notice board (Communication students at FET Colleges)Suzaan Oltmann
How to write a notice on a notice board. This short presentation shows you just that. Specifically for N4, N5 and N6 Communication students studying at FET Colleges in South Africa
MIL for Teachers Module 03: Representation in Media and InformationPEDAGOGY.IR
MIL for Teachers Module 03: Representation in Media and Information
2023 UNITED NATIONS ALLIANCE OF CIVILIZATIONS (UNAOC)
and
UNITED NATIONS EDUCATIONAL, SCIENTIFIC AND CULTURAL ORGANIZATION (UNESCO)
Source URL:
http://unesco.mil-for-teachers.unaoc.org/modules/module-2/
Follow up to my "Documenting Facts?" lecture looking at the ways in which documentaries have sought to expose the limitations of news when dealing with the 'war on terror' (focussing on Israel/Gaza).
There's an accompanying video playlist here:
http://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLRCHqijqFjGtbN0T8TSizGvuDA0NmEPk9
Media And Media
Persuasive Essay On The Media
Media and Diversity
Dangers And Long-Term Effects Of Tanning
Media and Society Essay
Essay about Reflection on the media
Essay on Media Effects
Good Night and Good Luck Essay | PDF | Joseph Mc Carthy | American .... HSC Advanced English Mod B: Good Night & Good Luck Sample Essay & Essay .... Theme Based Quotations for Good Night and Good Luck | English (Advanced .... Essay On Good Night And Good Luck. Good night and good luck essay - articlessearchqu.x.fc2.com. Journalism History: Good Night and Good Luck - An Analysis. Critique : Good Night, and Good Luck., de George Clooney - Critikat. Good Night, and Good Luck - Analysis (Part 1). Journalism Movie: "good night, and good luck" Research and Activity .... 'Good Night and Good Luck' Essay | English (Advanced) - Year 12 HSC .... (PDF) Good Night, and Good Luck with that Historical Analogy | Kevin T .... Good Night, and Good Luck Performance Review Draft | sunasiaeportfolio. Good Night, and Good Luck. — A plus A. Good Night and Good Luck Essay | English (Advanced) - Year 12 HSC .... Detailed Analysis - Good Night and Good Luck | English (Advanced .... (PDF) 'Good Night and Good Luck'. GOOD NIGHT, AND GOOD LUCK Movie Guide by Social Studies Super Store. Good Night, And Good Luck | PosterSpy. Journalism Movie: "good night, and good luck" Research and Activity by .... Module B: 'Goodnight, and Goodluck' Essay | Year 12 HSC - English .... Detailed Essay - Good Night and Good Luck | English (Advanced) - Year .... Good night and good luck essay | joseph mc carthy. Good Night And Good Luck Study Guide Answers - Study Poster. GOOD NIGHT, AND GOOD LUCK by Jesper Jacobsen | Blurb Books. Good night and good luck Listening task KEY - ESL worksheet by .... Good Night and Good Luck | Analysis, Summary, Themes & Characters. Good night and Good luck Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays .... Good night and good luck study guide. Can someone do my essay good night and good luck - reportthenews668.web .... "Good Night, and Good Luck" Preface - Paula Bruzzi Berquó Good Night And Good Luck Essay
Good Night and Good Luck Essay | PDF | Joseph Mc Carthy | American .... HSC Advanced English Mod B: Good Night & Good Luck Sample Essay & Essay .... Theme Based Quotations for Good Night and Good Luck | English (Advanced .... Essay On Good Night And Good Luck. Good night and good luck essay - articlessearchqu.x.fc2.com. Journalism History: Good N
How Media Shape People’s Perceptions of World EventsBright Mhango
Media content influences audiences – the effects manifest in opinions, attitudes, knowledge and world view. This paper will try to explain how media shape the audiences’ perceptions of world events.
COURSE LECTURESREVISIT THIS PAGE OFTEN CONTENT IS SUBJECT TCruzIbarra161
COURSE LECTURES
REVISIT THIS PAGE OFTEN: CONTENT IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITH NOTICE.
THIS IS A MEDIA CLASS SO WE WILL BE COVERING MEDIA
CONTENT/CURRENT-EVENTS IN REAL TIME.
MODULE 1 DIGITAL MEDIA AND CONVERGENCE
TOPIC 1— INTRODUCTION TO THE COURSE MEDIA AND MASS COMMUNICATION
Communication, in its simplest form, can be defined as shared meaning.
Using an old-fashioned communication model, where a SOURCE sends a
MESSAGE to a RECEIVER, we can define several different kinds of
communication.
SOURCE ----------> MESSAGE-------- > RECEIVER
SOURCE
>
MESSAGE RECEIVER
INTRAPERSONAL
COMMUNICATION
YOU
SPECIFIC
INTERNAL
DIALOGUE
YOU
INTERPERSONAL
COMMUNICATION
ONE OR A
FEW
PEOPLE
FACE-TO-
FACE, with or
without
technology
ONE OR A
FEW PEOPLE
MASS
COMMUNICATION
Usually a
GROUP/CORP
But can also
be an
individual
(influencer)
LCD
AS MANY AS
POSSIBLE
(MASSES)
MASS COMMUNICATION: A CRITICAL APPROACH
I love media studies! I feel this area of study can and will help you in myriad other
endeavors and academic pursuits as media intersects with every other discipline. Media
technology is an ubiquitous presence in our lives, it's everywhere all the time! To name
just a few media sources: radio, television, film, newspapers, magazines, smartphones,
computers, the Internet, computer and video games, gps, satellites, phones and other
smart devices, etc.
We must interrogate these systems on a deeper level to develop a critical lens.
Attaining a deeper understanding of how these industries and tools work will allow us to
engage, produce and consume more thoughtfully and intentionally. Now more than ever,
due to the pandemic, we see how these tools-and an understanding of these tools- is
necessary to keep in contact with friends and family, stay informed, work etc.
Study after study claim that Americans consume a lot of media. According to
STATISTA.com, (Daily media consumption in the U.S. 2020, by format, published by
Amy Watson, Jun 17, 2020) "In terms of average time spent each day, TV is the
second most used form of media in the United States, with adults spending 229
minutes (almost four hours) watching television on a daily basis according to a study
undertaken in April 2020. Digital formats took up the majority of U.S. adults' daily
media consumption time, while for newspapers and magazines the average time
spent was just nine and eight minutes respectively.
HTTPS://WWW.STATISTA.COM/STATISTICS/276683/MEDIA-USE-IN-
THE-US/
If it is true (and it is) that we spend more time- consuming media than doing
ANYTHING ELSE in our lives (eating, sleeping, working, getting exercise, making love,
spending time with our families, getting educated, exercising, etc.), then why is it we are
not better educated about our media interactions/consumption? Why aren't we taught
about media in school? We begin consuming media as babies, so by the time we start
kindergarten or first grade, we've already been listening and watching ...
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativePeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
3. 3.1 THE MAIN MASS MEDIA (P.37)
Printed media (newspapers, magazines)
Audio media (radio)
Audio-visual (television and cinema)
Electronic media (computers, IT services)
Public library (collection of facilities)
Outdoor media (posters, leaflets, big screen
video facilities at sport meetings, outdoor
concerts)
3
5. 3.2.1 NEWSPAPERS (P.37)
ADVANTAGES
Written record
Carries more weight
than spoken word
Message have a more
permanent impact on
audience
Important
for advertising
DISADVANTAGES
Local character
(particular geographical
community)
But: within this area you
can cater for specific
audiences in that area!
Sale of newspapers
have gone down – why?
People are lazy to read
Influence of electronic
media
5
6. 3.2.2 MAGAZINES (P.38)
ADVANTAGES
They fill the gap
between newspapers
and books
Inexpensive
Accessible
Easy to browse through
Less time-consuming to
read as books
Content specialised
according to interests of
readers
DISADVANTAGES
Heavily dependent on
advertising for survival
Lost battle against
television
Specialised magazines
still stay popular e.g. You
6
7. 3.2.3 CINEMA (P.38)
ADVANTAGE
Audiovisual impact of
sound and colour
DISADVANTAGE
Television had a
negative impact on
cinema audiences
Producers sell films to
TV companies
Audiences are now more
younger, sophisticated,
more intellectual
When last were you in a
cinema?
7
8. 3.2.5 TELEVISION (P.39)
ADVANTAGES
Dramatic and intimate
Instantaneous image of
events in world
World’s major source of
news and information
Relatively cheap entertainment and relaxation
Great value to
handicapped, the ill, the
elderly
DISADVANTAGES
Violent events or films
Effect of these violence
on children?
Poor quality programmes
Create undiscerning
viewers – mediocre
audience
Lack of culturally uplifting
and educational
programmes
8
10. 3.2.6 ELECTRONIC MEDIA (P.39)
ADVANTAGES
Instant transmission of
international and local
messages
All information of
printed media available
on single CD Rom
(National Geographic)
etc.
DISADVANTAGES
The National Geographic Society has
recently released a CD-ROM collection, THE
COMPLETE NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC,
which contains 108 years (1888 through
1996) of the magazine on 30 compact disks.
Breakdown in transmission can affect users
Lead to breakdown in
business
Confidentiality breach
10
12. 3.2.7 PUBLIC LIBRARY (P.39)
ADVANTAGES
All of the advantages as
listed above
Is conducive to study,
education, relaxation
DISADVANTAGES
Inadequate funds
Seldom equipped to
meet needs of all users
Centre of town, far from
people in suburbs or far
away. Transport?
Electronic books?
Media? Are they
changing the way we
use libraries?
12
13. 3.2.8 OUTDOOR MEDIA (P.40)
ADVANTAGES
Cost-effectiveness
Ability to reach vast
audiences
Geographically
adaptable
B-class
DISADVANTAGES
Negative aesthetical
effect on environment
Message has to be given
in short period of time
13
14. 3.3 COMMUNICATION PROCESS (P.40)
Mass communication occurs when a
sender employs a particular medium or
channel to transmit a specific message
simultaneously to a vast number of
receivers who are
physically remote, each of whom receives
the message individually and whose
feedback is indirect and delayed.
14
15. 3.3 PROCESS – EXPLANATIONS (P.41)
Sender: “mouthpiece” of large organised group
like a political reporter of a newspaper
Receiver: “individual”. People receive the
message individually
Channel or medium: Like newspaper, tv, radio
Message: deliberate, mass-orientated. Media
act as gatekeepers to water down original
message
Feedback: delayed, indirect. A letter, telephone
call
15
16. 3.4 FUNCTIONS OF THE MASS MEDIA (P.41)
To inform
To interpret
To educate
To entertain
To advertise
To render
a service
To be a carrier of culture
To be a moral watchdog of society
16
17. 3.5 LANGUAGE USED BY MASS MEDIA (P.42)
The language used depends on …
Target audience
Children,
housewives, businesspeople, groups in
different regions
Purpose of a specific report
Transmit
data
Persuading to buy something
17
18. ELEMENTS OF STYLE (LANGUAGE) P.43
Clichés, generalisations, pseudo-scientific
statements.
“According
to informed sources”, “Experts
agree”, “Reliable information” (journalese)
Irony
Rhetoric
Who
Clever
questions
says South Africans are a peace loving nation?
word-play
“Champions
for a day”
18
19. ELEMENTS OF STYLE (LANGUAGE) P.43
Puns: More than one meaning – words with
different meanings
19
20. ELEMENTS OF STYLE (LANGUAGE) P.43
Sarcasm
Tool
of propaganda. Deliberate and unconcealed
ridiculing and even insulting of news reporter’s
target
Alliteration
Words
which start with
similar sounds used close
to each other creating
a rhythm for maximum
effect
20
21. 3.6 MANIPULATIVE REPORTING (P.44)
Occurs when a newspaper, radio or tv report
is subtly twisted or slanted by means of
subjective expressions or expressive
photographs in order to create or reinforce
either a positive or a negative emotion or
attitude in the receivers of the message.
Media should be
Objective
and impartial
But interpretation (moral watchdog and carrier of
culture) can change the way they see the info
21
23. This much is clear: Trayvon Martin was shot and killed by
George Zimmerman in Sanford, Florida, on the rainy
evening of February 26, 2012.
Trayvon Martin was a 17-year-old African American
teenager. Zimmerman, 28 years old, is a man of multiethnic heritage who was patrolling his gated community
in Florida.
Martin had been walking back from a 7-Eleven where he
had bought a bag of Skittles and an iced tea and was
unarmed when he was shot by Zimmerman's semiautomatic. He can be heard begging for his life on the
police dispatch recording of the incident.
Martin's only crime was, as Zimmerman described to
police dispatch, "This guy looks like he is up to no good.
He is on drugs or something." Martin was wearing a
hoodie at the time of his death, with the hood pulled up
to keep out the rain.
Zimmerman's trial began on June 10, 2013, in Sanford,
Florida. He had requested a "Stand Your Ground"
hearing, but in March 2013, his defense elected to
bypass the hearing so that his case would be tried before
a jury.
On Saturday, July 13, 2013, the jury found Zimmerman
not guilty of second-degree murder and of manslaughter.
The six women in the jury delivered their verdict after
more than sixteen hours of deliberations.
"Only in America can a dead black boy go on trial for his
own murder," said Syreeta McFadden, in reaction to the
verdict.
23
24. 3.6.1 TECHNIQUES OF MANIPULATIVE REPORTING
(P.45)
Selective reporting (mentioning only some
facts and omitting the rest)
“Loading” reports emotionally
Reporting out of context
Taking photographs for publication from
certain angles
24
25. 3.7 PROPAGANDA (P.48)
The extreme form of manipulative reporting.
Originally had a favourable connotation.
During WW1, the word propaganda gained
its traditional meaning:
Deliberate attempt on the part of an
individual or group to manipulate, often by
concealed or underhand means, the minds of
others for their own ulterior ends.
25
26. 3.7.1 ELEMENTS OF PROPAGANDA (P.49)
ETHOS
Credibility of the sender
LOGOS
Logical content of the
message
PATHOS
Emotions or feelings of
the receiver of the
message
26
28. 3.7.2 TECHNIQUES
EMPLOYED BY PROPAGANDISTS (P.49)
Stereotyping and name-calling
Stereotyped
in terms of groups of which they are
members.
Substitution of names
People
or ideas get a derogatory or more
favourable connotation. “Boers”, “Freedom
Fighters)
Selection of facts
Card-stacking
28
30. 3.7.2 TECHNIQUES EMPLOYED BY
PROPAGANDISTS (P.50)
Generalisation
“All
of us”, Climbing on the bandwagon
Appeal to authority or use of testimonials
Well-known
person’s testimony is used
Pinpointing the enemy
Scapegoat
is identified
Repetition
Assertion (selection)
Lying
30
31. 3.8 ADVERTISING (P.52)
Any paid form of nonpersonal presentation
and promotion of ideas, goods or services by
an identified sponsor.
PURPOSE OF ADVERTISING
To
inform
To remind
To persuade
31
32. 3.9 REQUIREMENTS FOR PERSUASIVE
ADVERTISING (P.52-59)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
B-Class
The AIDA formula
Knowledge of your target audience
Knowledge of the product
Clear understanding of purpose the
company has in mind with advertisement
Feedback from the consumer
Understanding potential consumer’s
psychological needs (Maslow)
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33. 3.9.1 AIDA FORMULA (P.53)
Attention
Punchlines,
Interest
Supplying
hard facts, qualities emphasised
Desire
Identify
jingles, to take notice of …
psychological needs and “fulfil” them
Action
Get
to buy now, sale only till Saturday etc.
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34. 3.9.2 TARGET AUDIENCE (P.55)
Should understand the market segment where
they want to sell products or service.
Market research helps by getting:
Demographic information
Psychographic information
Helps to reveal perception of
specific target audience.
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35. 3.9.2 KNOW THE TARGET AUDIENCE (P.55)
Cultures and subcultures (enculturation)
Nationality
subcultures
Religious subcultures
Geographical subcultures
Ethnic subcultures
Social class
Social mobility,
conformity/non-conformity and reference
groups
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36. 3.9.3 KNOWLEDGE OF THE PRODUCT (P.57)
What quality the product or service
possesses
In what respect is the product or service
better than the competitors
In what phase of life cycle is the product?
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37. 3.9.4 CLEAR UNDERSTANDING OF PURPOSE
COMPANY HAS WITH ADVERTISEMENT (P.58)
What market segment?
What information regarding product has to be
conveyed?
What reaction is required by market
segment?
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38. 3.9.5 FEEDBACK FROM THE CUSTOMER (P.58)
Questionnaires
“Before” and “after” tests
Observe changes in consumers’
behaviour
Study of voluntary comments
Study of and campaign against cognitive
dissonance (blocking out of competitive
advertisements by seeking out
advertisements of purchased brand)
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