Fibroids (leiomyomas) are benign smooth muscle cell tumors of the uterus that are commonly found in women. They vary in location within the uterus and can cause symptoms like bleeding, infertility, pain, and abdominal enlargement. Fibroids are typically diagnosed through ultrasound, hysteroscopy, or other imaging tests. Treatment options depend on a woman's age, parity, number of fibroids, and symptoms, and may include medication, myomectomy, hysterectomy, or uterine artery embolization. Fibroids can complicate pregnancy by increasing risks of abortion, preterm labor, pain, and cesarean section.

1. MYOMA ( FIBROID)
MAGDY ABDELRAHMAN MOHAMED
2015

2. Nomenclature
Fibroid--------Fibroids
Myoma--------Myomata
Fibromyoma—Fibromyomata
Leiomyoma---Leiomyomata

3. • Fibroids (leiomyomas) are benign smooth
muscle cell tumors of the uterus.
• Incidence:
• Commonest tumour in female genital
system.
• More common in low parity, black races.

4. •Described based on location in the
uterus:
• Interstitial: develop from within uterine
wall, do not distort uterine cavity.
• Submucosal: develop from myometrial
cells just below endometrium, often
protrude into and distort uterine cavity.

5. • Subserosal:
protrudes out of serosal surface.
• Cervical: located in the cervix,
rather than uterine corpus.

9. Clinical picture
•Symptoms
• Bleeding.
• Infertility.
• Vaginal discharge.
• Pain.
• Abdominal enlargement.
• Pressure symptoms.

10. Clinical picture
•Signs.
• Pelvi-abdominal mass.
• Bimanual examination.

11. Investigations
• Abdominal & vaginal u/s.
• Saline infusion sonohysterography.
• Hysteroscopy.
• Routine pre-operative investigation.

12. Complications
• Tortion.
• Infection.
• Red degeneration.
• Malignancy (leiomyosarcoma), Very rare.

13. Treatment
• Factors affecting treatment.
• Age.
• Parity.
• Number of fibroid.

14. Treatment
• No symptoms…… no treatment.
• Medical:
• GnRH agonist.
• Correction of anemia

15. Treatment
•Myomectomy.
• Safe, possible & needed.
•Hysterectomy.
•Recent options.
• Uterine artery embolization.
• Focused U/S.

16. Fibroid during pregnancy.
• Increase incidence:
• Abortion
• Preterm labour.
• Pain
• Malpresentation.
• CS.
• Post partum He.

18. Fibroid during pregnancy.
•Myomectomy during CS.
• Contraindicated.
• Done only in rare situations.