1 geometric design elements of road by malyar talashMalyar Talash
This document provides guidelines for road geometric design. It discusses key elements like design speed, sight distance, horizontal and vertical alignment. Design speed determines other elements and impacts safety, mobility and efficiency. Sight distance requirements include stopping sight distance, decision sight distance and intersection sight distance. Horizontal alignment discusses curve types like simple, compound, spiral curves. It provides controls for curvature based on deflection angles and radii.
3-D Road Design by Applying Differential Geometry and Conventional Design Ap...Basil Psarianos
3-D Road Design by relating Differential Geometry parameters with conventional road design parameters like horizontal and vertical curvature and superelevation rate
Highway engineering deals with the location, design, construction, maintenance, economics, financing, planning and programming of roads. It involves reconnaissance of potential routes, route selection by flagging, preliminary surveys, office projection of routes, and final location surveys. Data collected during location surveys includes the centerline, cross-sections, drainage, soils, bridge sites, and right-of-ways. Geometric design considers grade, alignment, curvature and widths, while structural design considers pavement thickness and foundations based on traffic, soils and compaction. Design must consider traffic, speeds, consistency, safety and maintainability.
Chapter 2 highway route surveys and locationaaBashaFayissa1
The document discusses the process of highway route selection and location surveys. It describes the key steps in the project cycle and highlights that route corridor selection comprises the first three activities of identification, feasibility, and design. It then explains that reconnaissance surveys identify broad corridor options, while preliminary surveys collect detailed data on shortlisted corridors to select the best alignment based on factors like design standards, drainage, costs etc. Final location surveys precisely mark the centerline and collect additional data for design. The goal is to find the shortest, easiest to construct and maintain, economically viable, safe, and environmentally friendly alignment between terminals.
This document discusses key aspects of highway geometric design, including:
- Highway geometric design involves designing elements like cross-sections, horizontal and vertical alignments, sight distances, and intersections within economic limitations and traffic requirements.
- Design controls and criteria are influenced by factors such as road classification, terrain, traffic volumes, design vehicle, design speed, sight distance, and land use.
- Elements of road cross-sections include traffic lanes, shoulders, medians, barriers, curbs, gutters, and sidewalks. Lane and shoulder widths vary based on road type and conditions.
- Horizontal alignment connects straight sections and uses circular curves, which are classified as simple, compound, reverse, or broken back curves based on curvature
The document provides information on highway geometric design elements. It discusses road cross section elements such as the right-of-way, carriageway, shoulders, median, crown slope, side slopes, curbs, and drainage ditches. It also covers geometric design controls and criteria including functional classification, terrain, traffic volume and composition, design vehicle, and design speed. Finally, it discusses elements of geometric design like sight distance, horizontal alignment including tangents and circular curves, and vertical alignment.
The geometric design of roads is the branch of highway engineering concerned with the positioning of the physical elements of the roadway according to standards and constraints. The basic objectives in geometric design are to optimize efficiency and safety while minimizing cost and environmental damage. Geometric design also affects an emerging fifth objective called "livability," which is defined as designing roads to foster broader community goals, including providing access to employment, schools, businesses and residences, accommodate a range of travel modes such as walking, bicycling, transit, and automobiles, and minimizing fuel use, emissions and environmental damage.
Geometric roadway design can be broken into three main parts: alignment, profile, and cross-section. Combined, they provide a three-dimensional layout for a roadway.
The alignment is the route of the road, defined as a series of horizontal tangents and curves.
The profile is the vertical aspect of the road, including crest and sag curves, and the straight grade lines connecting them.
The cross section shows the position and number of vehicle and bicycle lanes and sidewalks, along with their cross slope or banking. Cross sections also show drainage features, pavement structure and other items outside the category of geometric design.
#source:
1. Highway Engineering by: Khanna & Justo
2. Wikipedia
1 geometric design elements of road by malyar talashMalyar Talash
This document provides guidelines for road geometric design. It discusses key elements like design speed, sight distance, horizontal and vertical alignment. Design speed determines other elements and impacts safety, mobility and efficiency. Sight distance requirements include stopping sight distance, decision sight distance and intersection sight distance. Horizontal alignment discusses curve types like simple, compound, spiral curves. It provides controls for curvature based on deflection angles and radii.
3-D Road Design by Applying Differential Geometry and Conventional Design Ap...Basil Psarianos
3-D Road Design by relating Differential Geometry parameters with conventional road design parameters like horizontal and vertical curvature and superelevation rate
Highway engineering deals with the location, design, construction, maintenance, economics, financing, planning and programming of roads. It involves reconnaissance of potential routes, route selection by flagging, preliminary surveys, office projection of routes, and final location surveys. Data collected during location surveys includes the centerline, cross-sections, drainage, soils, bridge sites, and right-of-ways. Geometric design considers grade, alignment, curvature and widths, while structural design considers pavement thickness and foundations based on traffic, soils and compaction. Design must consider traffic, speeds, consistency, safety and maintainability.
Chapter 2 highway route surveys and locationaaBashaFayissa1
The document discusses the process of highway route selection and location surveys. It describes the key steps in the project cycle and highlights that route corridor selection comprises the first three activities of identification, feasibility, and design. It then explains that reconnaissance surveys identify broad corridor options, while preliminary surveys collect detailed data on shortlisted corridors to select the best alignment based on factors like design standards, drainage, costs etc. Final location surveys precisely mark the centerline and collect additional data for design. The goal is to find the shortest, easiest to construct and maintain, economically viable, safe, and environmentally friendly alignment between terminals.
This document discusses key aspects of highway geometric design, including:
- Highway geometric design involves designing elements like cross-sections, horizontal and vertical alignments, sight distances, and intersections within economic limitations and traffic requirements.
- Design controls and criteria are influenced by factors such as road classification, terrain, traffic volumes, design vehicle, design speed, sight distance, and land use.
- Elements of road cross-sections include traffic lanes, shoulders, medians, barriers, curbs, gutters, and sidewalks. Lane and shoulder widths vary based on road type and conditions.
- Horizontal alignment connects straight sections and uses circular curves, which are classified as simple, compound, reverse, or broken back curves based on curvature
The document provides information on highway geometric design elements. It discusses road cross section elements such as the right-of-way, carriageway, shoulders, median, crown slope, side slopes, curbs, and drainage ditches. It also covers geometric design controls and criteria including functional classification, terrain, traffic volume and composition, design vehicle, and design speed. Finally, it discusses elements of geometric design like sight distance, horizontal alignment including tangents and circular curves, and vertical alignment.
The geometric design of roads is the branch of highway engineering concerned with the positioning of the physical elements of the roadway according to standards and constraints. The basic objectives in geometric design are to optimize efficiency and safety while minimizing cost and environmental damage. Geometric design also affects an emerging fifth objective called "livability," which is defined as designing roads to foster broader community goals, including providing access to employment, schools, businesses and residences, accommodate a range of travel modes such as walking, bicycling, transit, and automobiles, and minimizing fuel use, emissions and environmental damage.
Geometric roadway design can be broken into three main parts: alignment, profile, and cross-section. Combined, they provide a three-dimensional layout for a roadway.
The alignment is the route of the road, defined as a series of horizontal tangents and curves.
The profile is the vertical aspect of the road, including crest and sag curves, and the straight grade lines connecting them.
The cross section shows the position and number of vehicle and bicycle lanes and sidewalks, along with their cross slope or banking. Cross sections also show drainage features, pavement structure and other items outside the category of geometric design.
#source:
1. Highway Engineering by: Khanna & Justo
2. Wikipedia
Alignment: The position or the layout of the central line of the highway on the ground is called the alignment.
Highway Alignment includes both
a) Horizontal alignment includes straight and curved paths, the deviations and horizontal curves.
b) Vertical alignment includes changes in level, gradients and vertical curves.
Introduction to transportation engineeringCivil Zone
Transportation engineering involves the planning, design, and management of transportation facilities to provide safe and efficient movement of people and goods. A key aspect of transportation engineering is road design. Some essential elements of a typical road cross-section include the traveled way for vehicles, shoulders for stopped vehicles and bicycles, medians to separate opposing traffic, drainage channels to remove surface water, and barriers or guardrails to prevent vehicles from leaving the roadway. Transportation engineers must consider all of these elements and their widths, slopes, and designs to develop roadways that are effective and safe for users.
The document discusses key aspects of highway geometric design. It defines geometric design as dealing with the visible dimensions and layout of highways, which aims to fulfill requirements for driver comfort, efficiency and safety. Proper design can help reduce accidents and severity. Factors affecting design include design speed, topography, traffic, environment, economics, vehicle properties, and human characteristics. Highway alignment involves both horizontal and vertical positioning, with horizontal alignment comprising straight sections connected by curves. Super elevation provides transverse sloping across curves to counteract centrifugal force. Pavement design involves layered structures above the subgrade to provide an acceptable ride quality and other factors.
The document discusses highway geometric design and its key elements. It describes that geometric design deals with dimensions and layout of visible highway features, alignments, sight distances, and intersections. It aims to provide efficient traffic operations with maximum safety at reasonable cost. The key factors discussed are design speed, terrain type, traffic factors, and environmental factors. It also describes various cross section elements like carriageway width, medians, shoulders, footpaths, and their design standards.
Highway Geometric Design control and criteria-2Muhammad Faisal
This document discusses traffic characteristics that influence highway design, including volume, composition, speed, and projections. It notes that traffic volume indicates the need for improvements and influences design features like lanes and widths. Average daily traffic and peak hour volumes are important metrics. Directionality of traffic must also be considered. Traffic composition, including the number of trucks, affects design due to size and speed differences versus passenger vehicles. Design speed, a selected speed used for geometric design, should fit drivers' expectations and be consistent along a highway. Projecting future traffic over a 20-year period is common for design.
2 Superelevation and Spiral Curve ( by Malyar Talash, Highway Design Manager/...Malyar Talash
This document discusses superelevation and spiral curves for road design. It defines superelevation as banking curves to counteract centrifugal force on vehicles. Maximum superelevation rates are recommended based on climate and road type. Methods for achieving superelevation include rotating the pavement surface. Minimum lengths for superelevation runoff and tangent runoff sections are calculated based on design speed, superelevation rate, and other factors. Spiral curves provide a gradual transition between tangent and curved sections and can be used to achieve superelevation runoff. Equations are provided to calculate minimum and maximum spiral lengths. An example problem demonstrates calculating runoff lengths and locating transition points for a road section both with
This document discusses the key considerations for geometric design of highways. It covers standards for rural and urban roads, including lane widths, shoulders, sidewalks and bike lanes. It also discusses elements of horizontal and vertical alignment like curvature, sight distances, super elevation, transitions curves and gradients. Special considerations for designing highways through hilly terrain include ensuring stable slopes, adequate drainage, meeting geometric standards and minimizing unnecessary rises and falls in the road.
Often changes in the direction are necessitated in highway alignment due to various reasons such as topographic considerations, obligatory points.
The geometric design elements pertaining to horizontal alignment of highway should consider safe and comfortable movement of vehicles at the given design speed of the highway.
It is therefore necessary to avoid sudden changes in direction with sharp curves or reverse curves which could not be safely and conveniently negotiated by the vehicles at design speed.
Improper design of horizontal alignment of roads would necessitate speed changes resulting m higher accident rate and increase in vehicle operation cost.
This document discusses the key elements of highway geometric design including cross-section elements, sight distance considerations, horizontal and vertical alignment details, and intersection elements. It covers factors that affect highway geometric design such as design speed, topography, traffic, capacity, and environmental factors. It provides details on cross-section components, sight distance requirements, horizontal and vertical curves, and overtaking sight distance calculations. The objective of highway geometric design is to provide efficient traffic operation with maximum safety at reasonable cost.
The document discusses geometric design for transportation facilities. It focuses on geometric cross sections, vertical alignment, and horizontal alignment. Geometric cross sections consist of traveled ways, shoulders, and drainage features. Vertical alignment includes tangent grades and vertical curves. Tangent grades vary depending on the type of facility, with maximum grades generally between 3-11% depending on terrain.
Vertical alignment of highway (transportation engineering)Civil Zone
Vertical curves are used in highway design to gradually transition between two different slopes or grades. There are two main types - crest vertical curves, which are used on roadway tops, and sag vertical curves, which are used on dips. The minimum length of a vertical curve is determined based on providing the required stopping sight distance for a given design speed. Additional criteria like passenger comfort, drainage, and appearance may also influence the curve length selected. Longer vertical curves generally provide a smoother ride but require more construction costs.
The document discusses the Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY), a government scheme launched in 2000. The primary objective of PMGSY is to provide all-weather road connectivity to rural areas in India. It aims to connect eligible rural habitations with populations of 1000 or more by 2003, and 500 or more by 2007. The scheme focuses on connecting rural habitations through roads that can be used throughout the year. It also allows for upgrading existing roads under certain conditions.
Alighnment & horizontal alignment of highway (transportation engineering)Civil Zone
This document discusses the alignment of highways, including horizontal and vertical elements. It covers topics such as grade line, horizontal and vertical curves, sight distance requirements, and super elevation. The key points are:
- Highway alignment consists of horizontal and vertical elements, including tangents and curves. Curves can be simple, compound, spiral, or reverse.
- Grade line refers to the longitudinal slope/rise of the highway. Factors in selecting a grade line include earthwork, terrain, sight distance, flood levels, and groundwater.
- Horizontal alignment deals with tangents and circular curves that connect changes in direction. Vertical alignment includes highway grades and parabolic curves.
- Proper design of curves
Location survey for the Rural and urban areasRana Ibrahim
The document discusses location surveys that are carried out in rural and urban areas for transportation engineering projects. In rural areas, location surveys typically involve three stages - reconnaissance survey, preliminary line survey, and location survey. These aim to evaluate feasible routes and select the best route. In urban areas, the reconnaissance and preliminary surveys are often combined due to the complex environment. Final location surveys in both rural and urban areas precisely establish the project centerline and collect physical data needed for construction plans.
This document discusses design vehicles and turning radii for road design. It defines design vehicles as selected motor vehicles used to establish highway design controls. Four main classes of vehicles are identified - passenger cars, buses, trucks, and recreational vehicles. Dimensions of 19 design vehicles from the AASHTO Green Book are provided. The choice of design vehicle depends on the road classification and expected vehicle types. Trucks and buses require more generous design due to their size and minimum turning radii. Templates and samples are shown to illustrate vehicle turning paths.
This document provides details for the design of a 108km rural road passing through three districts in Badakhshan Province, Afghanistan. It includes typical road cross sections for different terrains, geometric design values, structural pavement design, drainage structures, retaining walls, and a list of centerline coordinates and elevations. The road requires excavation, embankment filling, asphalt and gravel surfacing, drainage features like culverts and drains, and retaining walls given the mountainous terrain with elevation changes up to 1350m along the route.
This document discusses various concepts related to transportation engineering and highway geometric design. It defines key terms like transition curves, horizontal curves, vertical curves, gradient, sight distance, super elevation and camber. It discusses factors that influence highway alignment and geometric design such as terrain, design speed, sight distance requirements. It also provides recommended values of super elevation and camber for different pavement types.
1) India has over 3.3 million km of roads, the second largest network worldwide, however road density is below global averages. National highways carry 40% of traffic despite being only 2% of the network length.
2) The road sector contributes 5% to GDP and is the second largest infrastructure investment sector after power. Traffic is projected to increase substantially in the coming years.
3) Major initiatives to expand the network include the National Highways Development Project and Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana. Private investment is also increasing through public-private partnerships and various concession models.
4) Further expansion of the network is planned with a focus on quality, though land acquisition and funding remain
A presentation on highway geometric design which includes:
definition,
Goals,
Road Alignment,
Its cross section,
Pavement Design, &
Theory about super Elevation
Alignment: The position or the layout of the central line of the highway on the ground is called the alignment.
Highway Alignment includes both
a) Horizontal alignment includes straight and curved paths, the deviations and horizontal curves.
b) Vertical alignment includes changes in level, gradients and vertical curves.
Introduction to transportation engineeringCivil Zone
Transportation engineering involves the planning, design, and management of transportation facilities to provide safe and efficient movement of people and goods. A key aspect of transportation engineering is road design. Some essential elements of a typical road cross-section include the traveled way for vehicles, shoulders for stopped vehicles and bicycles, medians to separate opposing traffic, drainage channels to remove surface water, and barriers or guardrails to prevent vehicles from leaving the roadway. Transportation engineers must consider all of these elements and their widths, slopes, and designs to develop roadways that are effective and safe for users.
The document discusses key aspects of highway geometric design. It defines geometric design as dealing with the visible dimensions and layout of highways, which aims to fulfill requirements for driver comfort, efficiency and safety. Proper design can help reduce accidents and severity. Factors affecting design include design speed, topography, traffic, environment, economics, vehicle properties, and human characteristics. Highway alignment involves both horizontal and vertical positioning, with horizontal alignment comprising straight sections connected by curves. Super elevation provides transverse sloping across curves to counteract centrifugal force. Pavement design involves layered structures above the subgrade to provide an acceptable ride quality and other factors.
The document discusses highway geometric design and its key elements. It describes that geometric design deals with dimensions and layout of visible highway features, alignments, sight distances, and intersections. It aims to provide efficient traffic operations with maximum safety at reasonable cost. The key factors discussed are design speed, terrain type, traffic factors, and environmental factors. It also describes various cross section elements like carriageway width, medians, shoulders, footpaths, and their design standards.
Highway Geometric Design control and criteria-2Muhammad Faisal
This document discusses traffic characteristics that influence highway design, including volume, composition, speed, and projections. It notes that traffic volume indicates the need for improvements and influences design features like lanes and widths. Average daily traffic and peak hour volumes are important metrics. Directionality of traffic must also be considered. Traffic composition, including the number of trucks, affects design due to size and speed differences versus passenger vehicles. Design speed, a selected speed used for geometric design, should fit drivers' expectations and be consistent along a highway. Projecting future traffic over a 20-year period is common for design.
2 Superelevation and Spiral Curve ( by Malyar Talash, Highway Design Manager/...Malyar Talash
This document discusses superelevation and spiral curves for road design. It defines superelevation as banking curves to counteract centrifugal force on vehicles. Maximum superelevation rates are recommended based on climate and road type. Methods for achieving superelevation include rotating the pavement surface. Minimum lengths for superelevation runoff and tangent runoff sections are calculated based on design speed, superelevation rate, and other factors. Spiral curves provide a gradual transition between tangent and curved sections and can be used to achieve superelevation runoff. Equations are provided to calculate minimum and maximum spiral lengths. An example problem demonstrates calculating runoff lengths and locating transition points for a road section both with
This document discusses the key considerations for geometric design of highways. It covers standards for rural and urban roads, including lane widths, shoulders, sidewalks and bike lanes. It also discusses elements of horizontal and vertical alignment like curvature, sight distances, super elevation, transitions curves and gradients. Special considerations for designing highways through hilly terrain include ensuring stable slopes, adequate drainage, meeting geometric standards and minimizing unnecessary rises and falls in the road.
Often changes in the direction are necessitated in highway alignment due to various reasons such as topographic considerations, obligatory points.
The geometric design elements pertaining to horizontal alignment of highway should consider safe and comfortable movement of vehicles at the given design speed of the highway.
It is therefore necessary to avoid sudden changes in direction with sharp curves or reverse curves which could not be safely and conveniently negotiated by the vehicles at design speed.
Improper design of horizontal alignment of roads would necessitate speed changes resulting m higher accident rate and increase in vehicle operation cost.
This document discusses the key elements of highway geometric design including cross-section elements, sight distance considerations, horizontal and vertical alignment details, and intersection elements. It covers factors that affect highway geometric design such as design speed, topography, traffic, capacity, and environmental factors. It provides details on cross-section components, sight distance requirements, horizontal and vertical curves, and overtaking sight distance calculations. The objective of highway geometric design is to provide efficient traffic operation with maximum safety at reasonable cost.
The document discusses geometric design for transportation facilities. It focuses on geometric cross sections, vertical alignment, and horizontal alignment. Geometric cross sections consist of traveled ways, shoulders, and drainage features. Vertical alignment includes tangent grades and vertical curves. Tangent grades vary depending on the type of facility, with maximum grades generally between 3-11% depending on terrain.
Vertical alignment of highway (transportation engineering)Civil Zone
Vertical curves are used in highway design to gradually transition between two different slopes or grades. There are two main types - crest vertical curves, which are used on roadway tops, and sag vertical curves, which are used on dips. The minimum length of a vertical curve is determined based on providing the required stopping sight distance for a given design speed. Additional criteria like passenger comfort, drainage, and appearance may also influence the curve length selected. Longer vertical curves generally provide a smoother ride but require more construction costs.
The document discusses the Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY), a government scheme launched in 2000. The primary objective of PMGSY is to provide all-weather road connectivity to rural areas in India. It aims to connect eligible rural habitations with populations of 1000 or more by 2003, and 500 or more by 2007. The scheme focuses on connecting rural habitations through roads that can be used throughout the year. It also allows for upgrading existing roads under certain conditions.
Alighnment & horizontal alignment of highway (transportation engineering)Civil Zone
This document discusses the alignment of highways, including horizontal and vertical elements. It covers topics such as grade line, horizontal and vertical curves, sight distance requirements, and super elevation. The key points are:
- Highway alignment consists of horizontal and vertical elements, including tangents and curves. Curves can be simple, compound, spiral, or reverse.
- Grade line refers to the longitudinal slope/rise of the highway. Factors in selecting a grade line include earthwork, terrain, sight distance, flood levels, and groundwater.
- Horizontal alignment deals with tangents and circular curves that connect changes in direction. Vertical alignment includes highway grades and parabolic curves.
- Proper design of curves
Location survey for the Rural and urban areasRana Ibrahim
The document discusses location surveys that are carried out in rural and urban areas for transportation engineering projects. In rural areas, location surveys typically involve three stages - reconnaissance survey, preliminary line survey, and location survey. These aim to evaluate feasible routes and select the best route. In urban areas, the reconnaissance and preliminary surveys are often combined due to the complex environment. Final location surveys in both rural and urban areas precisely establish the project centerline and collect physical data needed for construction plans.
This document discusses design vehicles and turning radii for road design. It defines design vehicles as selected motor vehicles used to establish highway design controls. Four main classes of vehicles are identified - passenger cars, buses, trucks, and recreational vehicles. Dimensions of 19 design vehicles from the AASHTO Green Book are provided. The choice of design vehicle depends on the road classification and expected vehicle types. Trucks and buses require more generous design due to their size and minimum turning radii. Templates and samples are shown to illustrate vehicle turning paths.
This document provides details for the design of a 108km rural road passing through three districts in Badakhshan Province, Afghanistan. It includes typical road cross sections for different terrains, geometric design values, structural pavement design, drainage structures, retaining walls, and a list of centerline coordinates and elevations. The road requires excavation, embankment filling, asphalt and gravel surfacing, drainage features like culverts and drains, and retaining walls given the mountainous terrain with elevation changes up to 1350m along the route.
This document discusses various concepts related to transportation engineering and highway geometric design. It defines key terms like transition curves, horizontal curves, vertical curves, gradient, sight distance, super elevation and camber. It discusses factors that influence highway alignment and geometric design such as terrain, design speed, sight distance requirements. It also provides recommended values of super elevation and camber for different pavement types.
1) India has over 3.3 million km of roads, the second largest network worldwide, however road density is below global averages. National highways carry 40% of traffic despite being only 2% of the network length.
2) The road sector contributes 5% to GDP and is the second largest infrastructure investment sector after power. Traffic is projected to increase substantially in the coming years.
3) Major initiatives to expand the network include the National Highways Development Project and Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana. Private investment is also increasing through public-private partnerships and various concession models.
4) Further expansion of the network is planned with a focus on quality, though land acquisition and funding remain
A presentation on highway geometric design which includes:
definition,
Goals,
Road Alignment,
Its cross section,
Pavement Design, &
Theory about super Elevation
This document provides an overview of transportation engineering and different modes of transportation. It discusses highways, railways, airways, and waterways in detail. For highways, it covers their historical development in India including key committees and acts that helped develop the road network like the Jayakar Committee, Central Road Fund, and Motor Vehicles Act. It also discusses classification of highways in India based on various factors.
This document classifies and describes different types of roads in India. It discusses 5 main categories of roads: 1) Expressways, which connect major cities and have the highest design speed and at least 4 lanes. 2) National Highways, which run throughout the country and connect state capitals and major towns. 3) State Highways, which connect important towns and cities within each state. 4) District Roads, which connect districts and rural areas to other roads. 5) Village Roads, which connect villages to each other and nearby towns. The document provides details on the purpose, lanes, surface type, and maintenance responsibility for each road type.
This document summarizes a project report on the construction of roads at the National Institute of Technology in Warangal, India. It was completed by five students under the guidance of a faculty member. The report discusses the importance of roads for economic development and transportation. It provides an overview of the types of roads in India and the current status of the national highway system. It also describes the phases of road construction, materials used, equipment involved, and project management tools applied to the road projects at NIT Warangal.
This document provides an overview of STAAD.Pro structural analysis software. It discusses the history and development of STAAD.Pro, the types of structures that can be modeled, how to generate models using various tools and methods, assigning properties, loads, and supports, performing analysis and design, and the advantages of STAAD.Pro. In conclusion, STAAD.Pro is widely used in the construction industry for structural design and analysis, though skilled engineers proficient in its use remain in high demand.
This document is a summer training report submitted by Ravi Gupta for his Bachelor of Technology degree in Civil Engineering. The report provides an overview of the Public Works Department in Uttar Pradesh and discusses the construction of cement concrete pavement. It describes the different types of pavements and materials used in concrete pavement construction, including cement, sand, aggregate, and minerals. The report outlines the procedures for constructing concrete pavement, from preparing the subgrade to placing, curing and protecting the concrete. It also includes cost analysis and conclusions from the summer training project observing concrete pavement construction.
- Techno Legal Consultants provided 5 staff for 25 months to conduct third party validation of the Khadam-e-Punjab Rural Road Program Phase I in Sahiwal Division Package IV in Pakistan.
- The services included performing tests such as compaction, Los Angeles, CBR, soil classification, and asphalt content tests to check quality of work and inform the client.
- Techno Legal Consultants also provided 5 staff for 10 months to conduct viability screening of roads prioritized under Khadam-e-Punjab Rural Roads Programme Phase II for Sahiwal Division. The services included drawing linear maps, assessing road viability, and developing Google Maps of rural roads.
Zeeshan Aasif Khan is seeking an opportunity and provides his resume. He has over 3 years of work experience as a computer operator for government projects in India and as a stocker for a supermarket in Saudi Arabia. He completed his HSC in 2009 and SSC in 2006 both through the Amravati Board and has basic knowledge of languages like English, Hindi, Arabic, and Urdu as well as interests in cricket and football.
The document summarizes a consultancy project for Punjab Saaf Pani Company in Pakistan to conduct third party validation of safe drinking water projects over 8 months with a budget of Rs. 14,414,400. A team of 3 engineers from Techno Legal Consultants led by Engineer Mazhar-ul Islam were responsible for site visits, reporting, and validating drinking water projects in Punjab.
This document outlines the timeline for completion of the Orange Line Metro Train project in Lahore, Pakistan. Key details include a total length of 27.1 km, with 25.4 km as elevated viaduct and 1.71 km as cut-and-cover section. The timeline lists 39 activities from commencement of the project to testing and commissioning, assigning responsibility and planned/expedited/highly accelerated dates. Critical activities that could advance the project if expedited include construction of stations and girders, track laying, and installation of power, signaling and other systems. The planned timeline is 27 months, while expedited is 24 months and highly accelerated is 20.75 months for completion.
This document provides a summary of a human resource business partner in Thailand. It outlines their experience including having worked as an HR business partner since 2013 and as an HR section manager from 2014-2015. It also describes the key responsibilities of an HR business partner such as recruitment and selection, training and development, compensation and benefits, and employee relations. Finally, it discusses trends in the HR field in Thailand including skills shortages and increasing demand for HR professionals.
The document is a summer training project report submitted by a student to analyze the services provided by AKS HR Solutions. It includes sections on certificates, declarations, acknowledgements, industry details, the company profile of Sharekhan, their mission, vision, achievements and strategies. Sharekhan is described as one of the top retail brokerage houses in India that provides equity and investment services through online and retail outlets. The report also outlines the hierarchy at Sharekhan between the sales and dealing sides.
Eia coal convying at PIBT Port Qasim by NESPAKzubeditufail
This document provides an environmental impact assessment for a proposed coal conveying system from the Port Qasim International Bulk Terminal (PIBT) to a new stockyard in Karachi, Pakistan. It includes an introduction and background to the project, description of the existing coal handling facilities at Port Qasim, proposed site and route selection for the new conveyor system, environmental and social baseline studies of the project area, anticipated environmental and social impacts during construction and operation, stakeholder consultations, and an environmental management and monitoring plan. The document follows the guidelines of the Pakistan Environmental Protection Agency and Sindh Environmental Protection Agency for conducting environmental impact assessments.
This document provides an overview of public relations consultancies in Pakistan. It describes 5 major PR firms in the country - CMC, APR, Shamrock Communications, Mediators, and Shazia Abbasi Consulting. For each firm, it outlines their history, team members, services offered, and key clients. The document serves to introduce the PR industry in Pakistan and some of its leading players.
Top 10 important national highways in indiaSonu Kumar
The document lists the top 10 important national highways in India by length. The longest is National Highway 7, stretching 2,369 km from Varanasi to Kanyakumari. The second longest is National Highway 6, connecting Surat and Kolkata over 1,949 km. National Highway 5 runs 1,533 km from Cuttack to Chennai.
The document summarizes Lahore's first mass transit system, the Metro Bus Service (MBS). Some key points:
- The MBS was inaugurated in Lahore in 2013 as an ambitious project by the Punjab government to provide the city with a high-quality public transport system.
- Route 1 runs 27 km from Gajjumata to Shahdara. It has 27 stations, 9 of which are elevated. The buses are produced by Volvo and can hold 108 passengers.
- Fares are low but will increase after the first free month. Ridership exceeds 130,000 passengers daily.
- The $300 million project was constructed between 2012-2013 through public
This document outlines the planning and design of a bypass for Guna Town in India. It includes objectives to reduce travel time and provide a safe, efficient transportation system. Various alignment options for the bypass are analyzed using GIS software. Traffic and pavement design data are collected, such as traffic volume, speed surveys, and soil testing. A four-lane divided carriageway with shoulders is designed. The design includes horizontal curves, cross-sections, drainage, signs, and other traffic and safety features. Construction of the bypass will improve traffic flow, safety, and transportation in and around Guna Town.
Case Study on Geometry of Four Lane HighwayIRJET Journal
This document presents a case study on the geometry of a four lane highway in Maharashtra, India. It analyzes various geometric elements of the 45 km highway stretch including horizontal curves, vertical curves, sight distances, cross sections, shoulders, superelevation, and junction layouts. The study examines the existing geometry, identifies any safety issues, and checks compliance with Indian Road Congress design standards. It concludes that the highway's geometric design is well planned and meets guidelines to provide a safe, efficient road for users that minimizes accidents and travel times. Proper geometric design of highways is determined to be an important factor for constructing safe and cost-effective road infrastructure.
Improvement and Asphalting of State Highway and Major District Road of Koppal...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on improving and asphalting sections of state highway SH-63 and major district road in Koppal District, Karnataka, India. Field studies were conducted to determine existing road conditions and traffic volumes. For the 8.1 km section of SH-63 from Mudhol to Hiremyageri, 4.6 km was proposed for reconstruction and 3.5 km for resurfacing. For the 7.75 km section of major district road from Mannapur to Kukanur, detailed designs and cost estimates were developed. The proposed improvements are needed due to deterioration of the existing pavement and increasing traffic from vehicles such as granite trucks and agricultural vehicles. The total estimated cost for improving both
The document provides an executive summary of a detailed project report for the improvement of the Akhnoor-Poonch Road in Jammu and Kashmir, India. The Border Roads Organization has appointed a consultant to conduct a feasibility study and prepare the report to upgrade the existing road to a two-lane or four-lane configuration. The report will include design of the highway, pavement, bridges and structures, as well as cost estimates and economic analysis. The scope of work involves surveys, design, environmental assessment, cost estimation, and preparation of the feasibility and detailed project reports.
The document provides information about a project training for the Pune Metro Elevated P1C 05 Reach-3 project. It includes details such as the project objectives to develop world-class stations and surrounding areas showcasing Pune's culture and history. It also lists the site addresses, names of professors providing guidance, and efforts by Jhanvi Chauhan for the UC2416 Pune Metro project. Finally, it provides an overview of the design and construction scope of work for the elevated viaduct between Civil Court and Ramwadi in Pune, Maharashtra.
Chandan Singh is a structural design engineer with over 6 years of experience in conceptual design, detailed design, analysis, and construction engineering of temporary and permanent steel structures. He has extensive experience designing launching girders and ground supported erection systems for various metro and bridge projects across India. Some of the key projects he has worked on include the Jaipur Metro, Hyderabad Metro, DMRC Yamuna Bridge, and several projects for the Bangalore and Kolkata Metro.
This document provides a summary of the six laning project of the Barwa-Adda-Panagarh section of National Highway 2 in Jharkhand and West Bengal. Some key details include:
- The project upgrades 122.88 km of the existing four lane highway to a six lane divided carriageway. It also includes construction of an 8.12 km bypass and 149.09 km of service roads.
- The work is being carried out by the National Highways Authority of India and multiple contractors through public-private partnerships.
- Engineering surveys such as topographic surveys and material testing were conducted to gather data for the project's design.
- The upgraded road will feature structures like bridges
This document provides a summary of the six laning project of the Barwa-Adda-Panagarh section of National Highway 2 in Jharkhand and West Bengal. Some key details include:
- The project upgrades 122.88 km of the existing four lane highway to a six lane divided carriageway. It also includes construction of an 8.12 km bypass and 149.09 km of service roads.
- The work is being carried out by the National Highways Authority of India and multiple contractors through a public-private partnership model.
- Engineering surveys such as topographic surveys and material testing were conducted to gather data for the project's design. The report further describes aspects of the highway construction
The document discusses the design of an expressway in India. It includes sections on the need for expressways to reduce travel time and improve safety. Traffic data was collected including average daily volumes of different vehicle types. Geometric design considerations are outlined for the expressway such as a design speed of 120 kmph, lane width of 21m, and sight distances. Pavement design was conducted using a traffic volume of 7.2 million standard axles over 15 years, determining a pavement thickness of 660mm. The layout and future scope of increasing expressway construction to reduce congestion are also mentioned.
transportation Engineering.Highway planning,alignment and geometry.ayudge
Broad description of highway planning,alignments and geometric design,factors involved in it.
history of road development in india.
all 20 year plan.
stopping sight distance.
overtaking sight distance.
P.I.E.V theory and lots more.
Geometric & pavement design examplesTarriqALVI
This document contains examples and problems related to geometric design and pavement design from a Winter 2008 CEE320 course. It includes problems on designing vertical curves for a highway overpass, determining superelevation for a curved raceway, evaluating a horizontal and vertical curve, and designing ramps and pavements. Design considerations include speed, grade, curvature, structure dimensions, and traffic loading.
Briefing on rail reliability by SMRT President & Group CEO, Mr Desmond Kuek, and Mr Lee Ling Wee, Managing Director, SMRT Trains. SMRT proactively shares on operational developments and reports on the progress made in rail reliability and service-related journey matters, to keep our commuters informed on our overall progress with ongoing rail reliability efforts, update on work done in the past year and what to expect in the coming year.
This document discusses the geometric design of rural roads. It defines geometric design and its basic principles, including that ultimate geometric requirements should be considered from the beginning. Design standards are minimum values that aim to balance safety and cost. The document outlines factors like terrain classification and their influence on design speed. It provides recommendations for elements of geometric design like road land width, carriageway width, shoulders, sight distances and more. Standards are provided to guide the geometric design of rural roads.
The document discusses the design and implementation of road maintenance reform in the Republic of Moldova. It outlines the management cycle for road maintenance planning, which includes data collection and road inventory, program and project analysis, and modern road works planning. The document then provides details on developing engineering plans, including road classification standards, routine maintenance strategies, and rehabilitation works for different road categories based on traffic volume.
The document discusses plans to double the railway line between Utraitia and Zafrabad stations in Lucknow Division of Northern Railway. It will cost approximately 72 crores and involve doubling 12.5 km of track including 2 stations. Work will include expanding formations, bridges, adding ballast, installing new rails, sleepers, points and crossings, upgrading level crossings, and improving station buildings and platforms. Progress on related doubling projects is also provided, such as launching a girder at Anoopganj station in April 2015 and constructing an LHS at Faizabad using cut and cover method from July 15-20, 2015. Details of the current status of the project were obtained from the Northern Railway office in August
The key factors that control road alignment include:
- Obligatory points that the road must or must not pass through such as bridges, mountains, and towns
- Traffic patterns and desire lines
- Geometric design standards for grade, curvature, and sight distances
- Construction and maintenance costs to minimize cutting, filling, and grading
- Drainage considerations, political boundaries, and avoiding monotony
The optimal alignment balances these engineering and economic factors while providing a safe and efficient road design.
The key factors that control road alignment include:
- Obligatory points that the road must or must not pass through such as bridges, mountains, and towns
- Traffic patterns and desire lines
- Geometric design standards for grade, curvature, and sight distances
- Construction and maintenance costs to minimize cutting, filling, and grading
- Drainage considerations, political boundaries, and avoiding monotony
The optimal alignment balances these engineering and economic factors while following the natural terrain.
Flipkart has launched a new initiative called Flipkart Maa to empower women entrepreneurs in India. Through Flipkart Maa, the company aims to train and onboard more than 50,000 women sellers on its platform over the next three years. This initiative will provide women sellers with support through workshops, dedicated staff for assistance, and special incentives to help them succeed as entrepreneurs on Flipkart.
A testing method developed for seismic analysis of suspended plasterboard systems as a part of a Industry Defined Problem given by Saint Gobain in CEA Fest 2014 at IIT Madras
As a part of a contest in Shaastra 2014 at IIT Madras, a sustainable city - Shangri-La, was designed under four verticals: transportation, energy, water and waste management.
The document discusses BMW's "skunkworks" division called BMW M GmbH. It was started in 1972 as a small, independent team to develop high-performance racing and production vehicles. Some of their most successful early models included the BMW 3.0 CSL racing car and M1 supercar. Today, BMW M develops and manufactures M-badged performance versions of BMW's mainstream vehicles known for their increased power and aggressive styling. Their cars, like the iconic M3, are renowned for balancing track capabilities with everyday usability. BMW M plays an important role in developing new automotive technologies that later trickle down to BMW's overall vehicle lineup.
The document summarizes the history, current status, and strategies for developing a vaccine against malaria. It discusses how malaria is transmitted via mosquito bites and causes symptoms like fever and headaches that can progress to death. It then outlines the history of malaria discoveries and treatments. Three strategies for a vaccine are presented: 1) blocking transmission by making mosquitoes ingest antibodies, 2) culturing weakened parasites to trigger an immune response, and 3) boosting an existing vaccine with proteins and adjuvants. The RTS,S vaccine is discussed as an example following the third strategy, showing effectiveness around 50% for young children and 25% for infants, but challenges around expense and efficiency remain. Developing an effective and affordable vaccine could help halt
The document provides a brief history of Bhopal, India including a timeline of rulers from 1723 to 1901. It then lists some key sights to see in and around Bhopal such as various palaces, mosques, parks, and archaeological sites. Finally, it recommends popular local foods like poha, jalebi, seekh kabab, biryani, and paan.
The document discusses technologies for improving gas turbine efficiency through higher operating temperatures. It covers new high-temperature materials like superalloys and ceramics that allow increasing the combustion temperature. It also discusses manufacturing techniques like directional solidification and single crystal growth that enhance material properties. Combined cycle power plants are highlighted as a way to further increase efficiency by capturing waste heat. Challenges of using syngas from gasification as a fuel are also summarized.
As a course project, a survey was done to measure the degree of over-speeding in Indian Institute of Technology Madras using speed measuring laser guns.
This survey was conducted at the mess at Indian Institute of Technology Madras by interviewing the staff and was analyzed as per management principals such as BCG Matrix and Porter's Five Forces.
There are three main issues described in the document:
1. The roof has drainage pipes on only one side that get clogged during rainy seasons, causing water to stagnate.
2. There is no easy way to access the roof to clean it.
3. The stagnant water seeps inside and drips from the ceiling, which could damage computers and machines in the lab below.
Some potential solutions are proposed:
1. Install an access gate to the roof through the front corridor on the first floor.
2. Provide a temporary external staircase for access to the roof.
3. Repair or replace the broken grill.
This document does not contain any text to summarize. A summary requires analyzing the content and ideas within a document to extract the most important elements in a condensed form, typically in 3 sentences or less. Unfortunately without any written content provided, I do not have enough information to generate an accurate summary.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help boost feelings of calmness, happiness and focus.
The document is an energy map presentation by team members Seung-Mi Baek, Minsoo Cho, JeongHo Lee, and Nijansh Verma. The presentation discusses technologies for replacing coal with renewable energy sources like solar, nuclear, wind, tidal, and geothermal energy. It also discusses ways to reduce petroleum use through transportation methods like electric vehicles, better materials, and in-transit charging.
The document summarizes issues with the current Basera dining facility at IIT Madras from the perspective of students. It identifies problems with the entrances being unguarded, allowing animals to enter the dining area. It also notes the limited ordering counter causes long queues, and lack of seating means students often cannot find space to eat. Poor conditions are shown in the kitchen like lack of storage, improper gas cylinder storage, and inadequate preparation space. The document argues a new Basera is needed to provide a higher standard of dining for students and visitors that supports health and does not negatively impact studies.
As replacement for fine aggregate in concrete, plastic and e-waste was suggested based on experiments conducted and theoretical data from publications.
Rethinking Kållered │ From Big Box to a Reuse Hub: A Transformation Journey ...SirmaDuztepeliler
"Rethinking Kållered │ From Big Box to a Reuse Hub: A Transformation Journey Toward Sustainability"
The booklet of my master’s thesis at the Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering at Chalmers University of Technology. (Gothenburg, Sweden)
This thesis explores the transformation of the vacated (2023) IKEA store in Kållered, Sweden, into a "Reuse Hub" addressing various user types. The project aims to create a model for circular and sustainable economic practices that promote resource efficiency, waste reduction, and a shift in societal overconsumption patterns.
Reuse, though crucial in the circular economy, is one of the least studied areas. Most materials with reuse potential, especially in the construction sector, are recycled (downcycled), causing a greater loss of resources and energy. My project addresses barriers to reuse, such as difficult access to materials, storage, and logistics issues.
Aims:
• Enhancing Access to Reclaimed Materials: Creating a hub for reclaimed construction materials for both institutional and individual needs.
• Promoting Circular Economy: Showcasing the potential and variety of reusable materials and how they can drive a circular economy.
• Fostering Community Engagement: Developing spaces for social interaction around reuse-focused stores and workshops.
• Raising Awareness: Transforming a former consumerist symbol into a center for circular practices.
Highlights:
• The project emphasizes cross-sector collaboration with producers and wholesalers to repurpose surplus materials before they enter the recycling phase.
• This project can serve as a prototype for reusing many idle commercial buildings in different scales and sizes.
• The findings indicate that transforming large vacant properties can support sustainable practices and present an economically attractive business model with high social returns at the same time.
• It highlights the potential of how sustainable practices in the construction sector can drive societal change.
RPWORLD offers custom injection molding service to help customers develop products ramping up from prototypeing to end-use production. We can deliver your on-demand parts in as fast as 7 days.
2. Horizontal Alignment | Vertical Alignment | Carriageway & Super-elevation | Pavement Design
Total 7 Intersection
Points chosen.
Design Speed:
- taken as 100 kmph (Radius of Curve = 360 m)
- changed to 65 kmph near obstacles
(at IP 5 and IP 6)
CE3010 | Transportation Engineering I
2
3. Horizontal Alignment | Vertical Alignment | Carriageway & Super-elevation | Pavement Design
- Total 3 Intersection Points Chosen
- Cut and Fill balanced by middle IP adjustment
CE3010 | Transportation Engineering I
3
4. Horizontal Alignment | Vertical Alignment | Carriageway & Super-elevation | Pavement Design
- Edited 4 lane divided Carriageway,
Rural section used
- Rule based super-elevation provided
for design speed of 70 kmph
CE3010 | Transportation Engineering I
4