MUSI 1002 Notes

MUSI 1002 Notes
The Culture Industry Made up of economic institutions Adorno's theories fundamental Commodity Fetishism The culture industry is successful
because people fetishize cultural objects Creates false needs, alternative ways of thinking without people realizing People focus on consuming. To own
it. We need to have it. Ex. Purchasing a concert ticket Standardization Popular music standardized: 1. Number of types immediately recognizable 2.
Small number of structures 3. Small number of components to each song that's interchangeable (ex.Intro,verse,chorus etc) Pseudo–individualization
The type of variation between standardized products Surface changes (rhythm), not basic structure (chord progressions, verse, chorus) If pop... Show
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Syncopated rhythms Ex. Goldie "Angel" Electronica Not specifically made for dancing Desgned for wide range of uses Ex. Moby "Natural Blues"
"Historica Electronica Preface" Simon Reynolds 2001 Lays out parameters that define a "field of possibility" within electronic dance music Texture
matters more than actual rhythm Process of Sampling Mashups: Relies on irony and nostalgia, lots of people wil be familiar with the songs Convey
cultural critique, launch discussions on social issues Correspondences, connotations and critical readings. Turned consumptions into production.
Referring to the creative process DJ Danger Mouse, brought genre into public discourse Sampling, Meanings, and Interpretation Brackett, "Sample
Mania" Can't Touch This, resembles Super Freak. Same backing track. Hip hop is now commercial, started by 1990s. He suggested that popularity is
due to the sampling of well known songs. In 1997, hit songs based on samplings with pervasive What impact does the song have? What is popular
music text? Anything that conveys a cultural meaning Popular music text: recordings, music videos, live performances The music components in lyrics
is important but also album covers Intertextuality: The idea that text communicates its meaning in relation to other texts. Meanings represented in
popular text Preferred reading: dominant message set within codes and conventions in creation of the text Meaning may not
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...

Resolving Conflicts Of Space Resource Commercial...
Resolving Conflicts in Space Resource Commercial Exploration and Utilization with The Outer Space Treaty of 1967
Author: Erin L. Williamson
Abstract
As technology progresses, so too does humanity's reach. November of 2015 saw a new Act signed into law that promotes commercial activity in
space. The activities of acquisition and use of asteroid and space resources must be in compliance with the Outer Space Treaty. This paper reviews the
new Act and identifies three areas where the Act may be in conflict with the Treaty: threatening scientific investigation in outer space, appropriating
space resources, and introducing potential harmful biological contamination. Here, the reasons for their conflict are described and possible resolution are
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
citizens (U.S. Commercial Space Launch Competitiveness Act, 2015).
The Act is a boon to Planetary Resources, which is one of only two companies known to be actively developing technologies to mine near–Earth
asteroids for their water, hydrocarbons, and precious metals. Planetary Resources (n.d) states on its website that it intends to deliver these resources
back to Earth. However, Deep Space Industries, Inc., (2016) the other asteroid mining company, alternatively proposes to keep the resources in situ to
spur human expansion into the solar system. The mining technologies and resources left in situ will likely encourage other space companies like
SpaceX to strengthen their pursuit of exploration or colonization missions to Mars.
While these companies, buoyed now by additional support from the U.S. federal government, enthusiastically pursue a space–age "gold rush", little
concern appears to be given to their significance in regard to the 1967 Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and
Use of Outer Space, Including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies. This treaty is colloquially referred to as the Outer Space Treaty. There are multiple
points of potential conflict with this important document, which has been signed by 104 countries, in the practices of the nascent commercial space
industry of the United States. These conflicts include: threatening scientific investigation in outer space,

Racism And The World And Me
"The Most" Known Unknown in the World
Racism has been and always will be a form of segregation concurrently and in the history of humanity. From Ancient times to current, the status of
segregation by any means of oppression privy of power, wealth, and prestige has been as second nature as drinking water. While Coates has his own
perspective of reality and its structure, it's interesting that a so called genius had taken almost 30 years to finally see the true nature of "the beast" he
frequented. That Beast known as Racist America and all if its capitalist racial qualities. While some have their own experiences and perspectives,
"Between The World and Me", past historical events onracism in America; including the Civil Rights Movement, correlative measures of other
countries on racism and the slave trade, and the many obstacles that are implemented to secure such advantages will continue to be the key topics of
discussion.
Interpretively speaking on "Between The World and Me", Ta
–Nehisi Coates speaks upon the current state of racial relations similarly to W.E.B. Dubois'
Color–Line of the 21st Century. It is the indirect, non–named, hiding in the shadows, racism that is so heavily intertwined and implemented in our
cultural and social structures. (Kelley, Robin) Simon and Garfunkel wrote a song eerily similar to this theme, "The Sound of Silence", and although it
pre–dates the release of Coates' book, it gives great concern of the existing issues that have adapted and

The Use of Funds in Government Accounting
Chapter 2: The Use of Funds in Governmental Accounting
Multiple Choice
1.To what does basis of accounting refer? a.whether an entity is trying to measure the excess of inflows over outflows b.how much cash an entity
received in a particular reporting period c.the timing of recognition of assets, liabilities, revenues, and expenditures/expenses in financial statements
d.the ownership of the assets, liabilities, and equities reported in a balance sheet
Answer:c
2.Governmental accounting normally does not a.use separate funds to account for various activities b.incorporate budgetary accounts into the
accounting system c.measure the amount of profit earned during a fiscal year d.focus ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
a.business–type activities of government that are financed by user charges b.sales taxes collected by a state on behalf of counties within the state
c.property taxes to be used to provide basic government services d.donations that must be kept intact, but whose income must be used to beautify parks
Answer:c
13.Which of the following terms best describes the types of assets accounted for in governmental–type funds? a.any resource that can be used to
provide service to the citizenry b.current financial resources and capital resources c.current assets and movable fixed assets d.current financial resources
Answer:d
14.Which of the following activities is the most likely to be accounted for in a General Fund? a.payment of salaries of police and firefighters
b.construction of a new school building c.accumulation of resources to pay pension benefits to employees d.accumulation of resources required by law
to be used only to beautify parks
Answer:a

15.Which of the following types of liabilities is least likely to appear in the balance sheet of a governmental–type fund? a.amounts owed to suppliers of
goods and services b.amounts owed to bondholders over the entire 20–year life of a debt c.amounts owed to other funds d.amounts owed to employees
for services performed before an

The Drought In California's Water System
Right now there is a drought in California and it is due to the water usage. Bach in the gold rush due to miners mining for gold, the rivers became
polluted and freshwater became limited. After the earthquake in San Francisco that cause a big fire, San Francisco was in dire need of water so they
made a plan to built a dam in Hetch Hetchy. Many people argue as to whether to build the dam and in the end the dam was built and that has shape
California's water system hugely. The use of water in California now has not been in the best interest of the state because The amount of water use for
agriculture is disportional, laws are making us use more water than needed and the Indians and environment are being harm.
California's water use for agriculture ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Indians for example are being poorer. In 1853 E.A. Stevenson states, "The Indians in this portions of the State are wretchedly poor, having no
horses, cattle or other property. They formerly survived on game, fish,acorns, etc. but it is now impossible for them to make a living by hunting or
fishing"(Doc 2). This is due to miners turning the stream to mines to look for gold and they can do that because of the law of prior appropriations
And after being use up, the stream become muddy causing fish to seek for new houses which will also be destroyed due to more miners using the
streams carelessly. This causes Indians, animals and habitats to die. It is stated by Jerry Stanley in 1997, "The gold rush meant death by starvation
for thousands of Native Californians, and death from disease for thousands more"(Doc 7). This shows the consequence made by the miners. They use
the water for their gold, polluting the rivers with mercury and to the Indians that drink the water they are die and if they don't they will sooner ar later
die of dehydrations. It also stated by Jerry Stanley that due the tree being cut downs, animals left which were a food source for Indians. The Indians are
not the only one who were being harm. The environment is being harm. They cut down tree which are habitats for animals and the animals have to
leave home and find a new one buts people will continue cutting trees and polluting water, and taking their home away again and the animals will
sooner or later die out This create a cycle that will end with animals becoming endangered or extinct so we should start changing our water

Arizona 's Looming Water Crisis
Scott Fiester
DR. M.P.L. Whitaker
HWRS 203
22 OCT 2015
Arizona's Looming Water Crisis Arizonans see California's drought and water restrictions plastered all over the television and newspapers. Many
Arizonans remain concerned about the well–being of Californians, while some may mistakenly think that it is not Arizona's problem. I was one of
those people, and while investigated the idea, discover how Arizona is in a bad situation because of it. What I, along with others, did not understand is
the years of planning, legislation, and engineering that took place to get water to Arizona and the rest of the Southwest. The Southwest is an arid
environment that relies on one river, the Colorado River, to deliver water to seven different... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
According to the CAP website, the CAP was developed when the seven states who rely on the Colorado River came together, and divided the
water availability amongst themselves. This is known more formally as the Colorado River Compact of 1922. After many years of legislation and
construction, the CAP started delivering water to Arizonans by 1993. The CAP brings water from Lake Havasu and goes through a series of
canals extending 313 miles long, and is responsible for bringing water to 80 percent of Arizona's population. However, because of prior
appropriation laws, the CAP does not guarantee that Arizona will receive its annual 2.8 million acre feet. Administrators at the CAP Strategic
Initiatives and Public Policy Office predict that the 2.8 million acre feet of water delivered to Arizona, will soon decline. The CAP issue brief states,
"...there is a significant probability of an official declaration of shortage in the Colorado River water supply starting as early as 2016 or shortly after"
(CAP, 2014). An official declaration of a shortage would be determined by the Secretary of the Interior, and the decision is based on the elevation of
the water in Lake Meade. The person in this position checks the status of the Colorado River annually. The Secretary of Interior can either call a

What Is Riparian Water Rights
In the United States, there are two primary water right laws; the first is riparian water rights and the second is prior appropriation water rights.
Riparian water rights has two methods of use. One method is the person who owns the land by the water source owns the water, but cannot
interfere with the natural flow of the water. The other is based upon reasonable use. A person can use the water if it is reasonable for the purpose of
his needs. This is based on case by case usage. Prior appropriation water rights gives the right of the water to whoever claimed the land by it first. The
person with seniority has right to use as much water as wanted. The best policy is the riparian water rights. Both systems fair for each person who
owns the

Personal Narrative: Michael Amidei
I first met Michael Amidei in early 2014, following a mediocre hip–hop set I had performed at a party organized by myself and other co–workers. I
encountered sitting on the far right side of a small wooden bar top, accompanied by a nameless female companion. He looked to be about 6 feet tall,
around 185 pounds, wearing a black fedora on top of a shaved head. Everything about him was perfectly pedestrian. He was simply another member
of a captive audience, who offered encouraging words to console the visceral despondence on my countenance. I didn't even know he was a co–worker
of mine until I saw him locking the silver double doors of the Denver Aquarium one night weeks later. I don't even remember what he said to me
that night. There would be nothing about Michael I would find plainly prosaic ever again. In fact, I quickly grew to admire how uniquely
accomplished he is, long before I initiated a Skype call with him a week ago. As I waited for him to answer, the sight of myself framed in a small
window above the area that Michael would soon inhabit on my laptop screen prompted a particular pensiveness. Whereas I would have gained little
besides a broken laptop by trying to walk through my electronic effigy, I believe that Michael is the only thing standing in his own way of achieving
an elite eminence. "I'm... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Ignore the fact that he is arguably callous when he groups a failed marriage in with the dozens of other career choices he has made. Or don't. You
certainly won't hurt his feelings. He is unequivocally unapologetic surrounding his decision making and his disdain for a world that doesn't seem
nearly as intent on leaving a legacy as he is. There. He did furrow his brow, granted, in agreement with my insight regarding his intolerance of the

Water Rights Simulation
Water right transfers are one of the basic means of implementing changes in water use in hugely allocated water resource organizations in the western
side of the United States of America. These systems are overlooked by the Prior Appropriation Doctrine, which was not formally intended for
application to ground–water pumping and the conjunctive management of groundwater and surface water, hence creating an administrative challenge.
The challenge results from the fact that ground–water pumping can affect all interconnected surface– water bodies and the effects may be
immeasurably small relative to surface water discharge and greatly attenuated in time. Although we may possess the ability to calculate the effects of
ground–water pumping ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Over the last decades aquifers have increasingly been prone to pollution, which is remarkably problematic as the volume of aquifers to recover is
often very restricted. Also the rate at which global groundwater stocks are depleted has more than doubled between 1960 and 2000 this knowledge
was documented by Kerstin Mechlem (as cited in Bierkens et al. , 2011). Over thirty million people depend on private aquifer wells as their source of
drinking water, spoken about by Schmalzired and Keil (as cited in Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], 2006). A land that clearly
demonstrates how water rights can be abused is Texas. Texas is legendary for its long–standing dedication to the common law rule of gaining control,
allowing landowners to keep as much groundwater as they can pump without liability to nearby landowners whose supplies are drained.Texas has
recently taken this property scheme a step further in Edwards Aquifer Authority v. Day, in which the state Supreme Court concluded that the common
law provides Texas landowner's vested rights in groundwater while it is in place beneath their land, prior to capture. Despite the fact that the conclusion
has been greatly criticized for expected deleterious effects on groundwater management, there is an argument that states that the state supreme court
provided a path that is more

Water Shortages and Desalinisation
The Problem: Water Shortages As the world continues to grow the need for fresh water continues to rising. The current demand for water is ever
increasing. In the many places in the world clean drinking water is taken for granted. In other arid places in the world water is a scarce resource.
Fresh water sources around the world are being put under intense strains. Fossil water in aquifers are being over pumped. In many cases aquifers
may need thousands of years to replenish their reserves. The Ogallala aquifers in the American Midwest is being over pumped at an unsustainable
rate. Water from this aquifer is used for irrigation of crops, that provide food for millions. Also, currently in the Middle East wheat production is
being slowed and stifled from the depletion of fossil water from over pumped aquifers. Aquifers are not the only water resource under strain. Rivers
are being over pumped for irrigation in agriculture. Agriculture demand for fresh water is estimated to take up 70% of all fresh water consumption.
The best example for agriculture putting strain on a river is the Nile Valley. The Nile River is the bread basket for approximately two hundred million
people. Egypt, Sudan and Ethiopia already us the majority of the fresh water that comes from the Nile. Over the next coming century that demand will
rise making the need for fresh water surpass the limits of the Nile. This will inevitably lead to political strife between these counties. {Brown}

Nellie Bly Research Paper
Nellie Bly is the nickname of the American investigative newspaper reporter, Elizabeth Jane Cochran. Elizabeth was renowned for her reportage of
social justice issues and her willingness to undertake "daredevil" undercover investigations; which famously included getting herself committed to an
insane asylum so she could report on the conditions there. Elizabeth is also renowned for her travel around the world in seventy–two days.
Elizabeth Jane Cochran was born on May 5, 1864, in Cochran's Mills, Pennsylvania. Feminist and journalist, Nellie Bly began her writing career on
behalf of The Pittsburgh Dispatch in 1885. Following that two years later on, Nellie moved to New York Cityin light of beginning work for the New
York World. In concurrence with one of her primary assignments for the New York World, she admitted herself for 10 days at the Bellevue
Hospital, pretentiousness as a mental patient for a description. Five years later, in 1890, the New York World paper gave her a mission to
accomplish sailing around the world in 72 days. Elizabeth Jane Cochran, Nellie Bly, life came to an end on January 27, 1922, at the age of 57, in New
York City.
Famous pioneer, investigative, feminist journalist Nellie Bly was born Elizabeth Jane Cochran, later added an "e" to the end of her name for
sophistication. Nellie Bly was born in Cochran's Mills, Pennsylvania, a town established by her father, Michael Cochran, who abundantly provided for
the family. His career consisted of working as

Essay on Death Of Celilo Falls by Katrine Barber
The purpose of this essay is to examine and analyze Katrine Barber's book, "Death of Celilo Falls". In this book, Barber successfully seeks to tell the
story of a momentous event in the history of the West, the building of the Dalles Dam in 1957. Celilo Falls was part of a nine–mile area of the Long
Narrows on the Columbia River. Despite the fact that the Celilo Village still survives to this day in the state of Oregon (it is the state's oldest
continuously inhabited town), the assembly of The Dalles Dam in 1957 changed the way of life for the surrounding areas forever. Barber tells this story
very well, and as it is the first book–length account of the inundation of Celilo Falls, it is a very valuable and insightful look at an influential ... Show
She also explains the differences in thinking between the two communities. The Dalles wanted the increased "modernity and economic security that a
federal dam and professional river management promised."(pg.14). The mid–size town was "on the verge of expansion and growth" (pg. 27) and
supported the projects that "would make the city the "gateway" between Portland and the cities of the interior Northwest." (pg. 27). The Celilo Village
and other surrounding Indians, however, saw the building of the dam as an encroachment upon their resources. The building of the dam would
adversely affect the fishing industry which was vital to the native people's interests. She goes on to describe the natives' belief that they had a right to
decide how the resources were used as well, describing on pages 20 through 25, the ancient, thriving community that the natives had prior to white
settlement. According to Barber, the relations between the two communities were not entirely friendly, especially since "The Dalles and its non–Native
residents displaced older Indian communities, both economically and culturally." (pg. 27) The interactions between the two communities were laced
with racism and there was not much inter–mingling. Therefore, when the proposal of the Dalles Dam came through, the people of The Dalles did not
see the rights of the Indians as important, especially since the dam

Task 1 : Safe Working Practices
Unit 2.4– Legislation in the Laboratory
Task 1: Safe Working Practices
Storage and Transport
Purchase just the minimum quantity of the compound you require, even if a chemical seems cheap.
Store chemicals in very much named and accurately named holders with the fitting risk cautioning apparently distinguished.
Store chemicals as advised by the supplier. If all else fails, store in a cool, dim spot. Try not to store chemicals in brilliant daylight or above eye–level
wherever possible.
"Winchesters" (2.5–litre bottles of chemicals) ought to dependably be transported utilising a container bearer or high sided trolly. This medium is
crucial for solid acids and soluble bases.
All containers of chemicals ought to be sealed when carrying in passages.
Store dangerous, unpredictable chemicals in a flame resistant bureau or if non–combustible, or if in little sums, in a fume cupboard.
Combustible solvents with flash points underneath 32В° (e.g., CH3)2C, butanols, ethanol, diethyl ether, petroleum ether, propanols) must not be put
away in bottles of more than 500 ml unless in a flame resistant cabinet.
At intervals check your chemical stocks. Pay particular mind to undesirable chemicals, holders with rotting or peeling names, indications of weakening,
and so forth. Discard unwanted chemicals appropriately.
General lab rules
Dress properly and appropriately in the lab. Take all precautions to lessen the measure of any substance that you are presented

The Government And State Government
In understanding the way governments works on a local level, we must first understand that national government and state government are not the
same. The United States uses a system called Federalism which is a decentralization of the responsibilities of the government. In other words, power is
divided amongst the national and subnational governments all while maintaining a separate and autonomous authority (Dye Macmanus 56). The
purpose for this system is to make sure the national government doesn't turn into a tyrannical power over the people. This ideology of separation of
powers goes even deeper within the national government and state governments' infrastructure. For example, the national government is divided into 3
main branches, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Each state is governed by these two chambers in their respective state. Due to the autonomy of each state in the union, services provided and positions
on critical issues may vary across states. Moreover, there is the cultural aspect within each state that plays an influential role in how each state is
governed.
The state of Florida follows the same infrastructure as the national government as far as legislature. Florida has its own constitution and its legislature
is comprised of the two chambers mentioned earlier, which are the senate and the House of Representatives. Not all states have both chambers and
what's called a bicameral legislature. Nebraska has only one chamber, and thus considered to have a unicameral legislature. Florida Senate chamber
has 40 senators with Joe Negron as president of the senate. These senators must live in the district of which they serve in. The house of representatives
has 120 Representatives with Richard Corcoran as the Speaker of the house. Both chambers are made up of democratic and republican members.
States such as Florida also has elections which are held for political positions not only in legislature, but also positions such as Governor. In Florida,
the governor is Rick Scott and he is the 45th governor of Florida. The qualifications to be elected as Florida Governor is you must be no younger than
30 years of age and have lived in Florida for the preceding seven

Policies Governing Renewable Energy Technology Case Study
Policy The Policies governing Renewable Energy technology projects are governed by a number of acts: BC Provincial Permitting The Geothermal act
and it's three sections: Regulations, tenures and General Regulations, Govern the various aspects of this projects operations such as: Land Tenures,
permits, Leases, Licensing, exploration and environmental impact. [1] An Environmental assessment process is required for projects that produce
more the 50 MWatts of power. Forest, Range, Road Authorizations and Permits/Tenures: for cutting down of trees for use or space. Archaeology
Assessment: Permits required under Heritage Conservation act to alter a heritage site or object. Water Management and Licensing Water licenses are
needed for power... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Interest of Individual First Nations Members: "Under the Indian Act, individual members of a First Nation may be given the right to use and occupy
a parcel of reserve land..... Once approved, the individual allotment holder has "lawful possession" of a parcel of land and may be issued a Certificate
of Possession as evidence of their right. An individual ....... may lease the allotment to a third party, ..... All these transfers of individual allotments must
be approved by the Minister. Non–members of a First Nation cannot hold "lawful possession" of reserve lands. Under the Indian Act, non–members can
obtain rights to use or occupy reserve land by entering into leases or acquiring permits or licenses. Leases, permits, and licences must be approved by
the Band Council and the Minister and are issued by AANDC. Leases The Minister issues leases to non–band members. Leases are issued on behalf of
the First Nation or individuals holding Certificates of Possession, and must comply with all federal laws and First Nation by–laws. First Nations Land
Management The First Nation Land Management regime provides certain First Nations with powers to manage their reserve land and resources under
their own land codes. The sections of the Indian Act dealing with land, resources and

Budget Essay
Budget:
An estimate of income and expenditure for a set period of time.
Budget (from french bougette) generally refers to a list of all planned expenses and revenues.
A budget is an important concept in microeconomics, which uses a budget line to illustrate the trade–offs between two or more goods. In other terms, a
budget is an organizational plan stated in monetary terms.
The budget of a government is a summary or plan of the intended revenues and expenditures of that government.
Budget Preparation
A full understanding of the budget planning and preparation system is essential, not just to derive expenditure projections but to be able to advise
policymakers on the feasibility and desirability of specific budget proposals, from ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Budget preparation is the principal mechanism for achieving items (1) and (2); item (3) typically features as an element of budget preparation only in
industrial countries, while item (4) is essentially an issue in budget execution and cash management (see Sections 4 and 5). Moreover, no system of
budget execution or cash planning (the subjects of Sections 4 and 5) can do more than mitigate the problems caused by poor quality or unrealistic
budget preparation.
To understand the budget preparation process in a given country, it is important to: * assess the basic soundness by judging the budget preparation
system against certain internationally accepted standards or "budget principles"; * know where to find the rules governing the budget preparation
process; and * from those rules, identify who has the responsibility for what elements of the budget preparation process. * Recognizing the usefulness
of budget principles
Based on the objective macroeconomic assessment of available revenues and financing, ideally, the expenditure budget should aim to be
comprehensive, transparent, realistic, policy–oriented, and allow for clear accountability in budget execution. These concepts form a standard by which
the soundness of budget systems can be judged:
Box 1. Assessing the Soundness of the Budget
The soundness of budget systems can be judged by the following:
Comprehensiveness
* Is the

Week 5 Midterm Essay
GM520ONO Legal, Political and Ethical Dimensions. Week 5 Midterm. 1. TCO B. Infuriated when Harry Reid is re–elected during the 2010 fall
election, the Republican National Committee decides to take matters into its own hands. In 2011, the House of Representatives passes a new
"Freedom isn't Free Act" that requires that anyone who wants to vote in the 2012 presidential election must prove that they paid at least $200 in
federal income tax in the past year, including people aged 18 (who typically are deducted on their parents' returns and do not pay income tax). Anyone
who received the "earned income credit" is barred from voting unless they return the payment from the government. Proof of payment of the tax can be
made by showing a copy... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
As he prepared to jump into the water to tube, David's feet slipped out from under him, and he fell into the water, hitting the back of his head and
neck on the ladder, knocking him out cold. He slipped under the water and drowned. The other members of the party didn't notice his absence until
a passing barge pilot got their attention. He had seen the entire thing through his binoculars; he had been watching Melissa and her friend Angela
(who were in bathing suits). Despite an immediate search and rescue attempt by the coast guard, David was not saved. Melissa alleged that the
surface of the boat floor where David was standing and preparing to jump into the water was unreasonably slippery. In fact, at issue in the case was
the manufacturing process used in coating the flooring. Melissa (and her attorney) felt that a nonslip surface should have been placed on the floor of
the boat. The safety manual that came with the boat included these clauses: "CAUTION: Wet surfaces can be slippery. Passengers should wear
adequate deck shoes while boarding and underway to avoid accidental slipping and injury." "CAUTION: Deck areas and swim platform are slippery
when wet. Passengers must be careful when passing through companionway to prevent accidental slipping or tripping. Passengers should wear
adequate deck shoes at all times to prevent accidental slipping. Passengers

Prior Appropriation
The dust settled as the last vehicle departed the newly established ghost town. What was once a bustling rural community in eastern Colorado,
complete with a school and church, and businesses off the main street, has become deserted due to a lack of water. This has become an all too familiar
scene in rural communities across Colorado as the increasing demand for water and the dwindling water supply pits water users against one another.
The state's free market style of appropriating water, known as prior appropriation, allows for this highly competitive, and often detrimental situation to
persist. As climate change and population growth continue to strain the water supply in Colorado, it will be necessary to adjust the strict prior
appropriation... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The environment, and recreational activities that are essential to the outdoors, have also been negatively impacted by this system for allocating water
rights. The issue of whether or not this system is equitable towards environmental protection has been raised because environmental organizations
typically do not have the same funds as other entities, such as cities and towns, oil, gas, and energy companies, and manufacturing. Furthermore, as
Jones and Cech point out, "environmental concerns continue to be underrepresented in Colorado water law and policy" (p. 712). This has created a
situation similar to agriculture, where environmental concerns become second thoughts to those of M&I, giving rise to environmental issues across the
state. These environmental issues can have an effect on residents throughout Colorado, from anglers who enjoy healthy streams and rivers for fishing,
to kayakers and rafters who need flowing rivers to recreate

Mgmt 520 Midterm Exam Legal, Political, and Ethical...
MGMT 520 Midterm Exam Legal, Political, and Ethical Dimension Week 5 Keller 100% Correct
http://www.studentswithsolutions.com/view–tutorial.aspx?TutorialId=14865
1(TCO B) The "public comment" period closes on an OSHA proposed regulation, and your business had filed a public comment against the proposed
regulation explaining that the regulation would not fix the problem that OSHA was trying to remedy, that the regulation would cost more than the
problem itself, and that the regulation was a tax, not a safety change. List two arguments available to your...http://www.studentswithsolutions.com
/view–tutorial.aspx?TutorialId=8380
2 (TCO F) In Midler v. Ford Motor Co., Bette Midler sued Ford for unauthorized appropriation. Explain what ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
(Points : 40)http://www.studentswithsolutions.com/view–tutorial.aspx?TutorialId=8383
4 (TCO D) SpongeBob is a farmer who contracted with Progresso to provide 6 tons of clams worth $3,000/ton to be delivered at Progresso each
month. Progresso needs this particular amount of clams each month for their soup in order to meet their production expectations for their customers.
The contract contained some very lopsided provisions that excused Progresso from purchasing the clams in the event of many outlined reasons (25
pages of the contract listed out all of the reasons why Progresso could refuse to accept the clams), but prevented SpongeBob from selling his clams
elsewhere without permission. After a gulf coast oil disaster, the price of clams went up to $8,000/ton. SpongeBob delivered his clams to Progresso
on time, but Progresso (who had lost a case filed against Progresso by Campbell's for infringing on Campbell's clam chowder soup recipe) refused to
accept delivery. SpongeBob requested permission to sell the clams to Campbell's (who had just doubled their own clam chowder sales), but
Progresso refused to grant permission. The terms of SpongeBob's contract with Progresso stated, "In no event will Progresso's refusal to accept
delivery of clams excuse SpongeBob... can SpongeBob sue and recover, and what will be his damages? What defenses does Progresso have? Can
Progresso include Campbell's in the lawsuit? Is the animal rights group a potential

Law of Sale of Goods (Part I)
Topic 12 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Law of Sale of Goods (Part I) LEARNING OUTCOMES By the end of this topic, you should be able to: Define the meaning of
goods; Describe the classification of goods; Differentiate a contract of sale and an agreement to sell; Explain the implied terms in a contract of sale of
goods; and Identify the importance of transfer of property in the goods. INTRODUCTION The Sale of Goods Act 1957 (Revised 1989) is the statute
applicable to sale of goods in Peninsular Malaysia. For Sabah and Sarawak, the law of sale of goods is governed by Section 5(2) of the Civil Law Act
1956. It provides that: вЂћThe law to be administered shall be the same as would be administered in England in the like case at the corresponding
period.вЂ° In... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Alternately, an owner of certain goods may not have the goods in his possession. In an agreement to sell, the goods still belong to the seller.
Consequently, if the buyer breaches an agreement to sell, the seller may sue for unliquidated damages. If the seller breaches an agreement to sell,
the buyer has only a personal remedy for damages against the seller. Whereas in a sale, if the buyer fails to pay, the seller can sue for the contract price
because ownership has passed to the buyer. 12.3 TERM OF CONTRACT The conditions and warranties in contract of sale of goods are provided in
Section 12 of the Sale of Goods Act 1957. A condition under Section 12(2) is: вЂћA stipulation essential to the main purpose of the contract, the
breach of which gives rise to a right to treat the contract as repudiated.вЂ° 200 TOPIC 12 LAW OF SALE OF GOODS (PART I) A warranty under
Section 12(3) is: вЂћA stipulation collateral to the main purpose of the contract, the breach of which give rise to a claim for damages but not a right to
reject the goods and treat the contract as repudiated.вЂ° According to Section 12(4): вЂћWhether a stipulation in a contract of sale is a condition or a
warranty depends in each case on the construction of the contract. The stipulation may be a condition, though called a warranty in the contract.вЂ°
There are circumstances which permit the buyer to treat a breach of condition as a breach of warranty, as provided in

Rain Barrels Bill Essay
Its planting season in Colorado, Sergio, a resident of Greeley, goes to Home Depot, and buys a wide range of plants: Heirloom tomatoes, tulips,
sunflowers and even some daisies for his garden. Like most Coloradoans, he loves spending countless of hours outside, maintaining his garden. There
is a great devotion to horticulture and hard work, digging holes, having the right fertilizer, the appropriate spacing between plants, and of course
watering them. In order to keep these plants lush and flourishing with a spectrum of color, water is a necessity. A great way to obtain water is to
harvest rainwater. The state of Colorado is known for its sustainable efforts for the environment. So conserving rainwater from one's rooftop is
common–sense. But if Sergio were to harvest rainwater from his downspouts, he would be breaking the law. The debate is to whether to allow
residents of Colorado to collect rainwater in barrels for outdoor purposes.... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The Residential Precipitation Collection Rain Barrels bill aims to make every drop of rain count. This bill was introduced to the Senate Committee of
Agriculture, Natural Resources, & Energy, on March 4, 2015, and sponsored by Democrats Rep. Daneya Esgar, Rep. Jessie Danielson, and Sen.
Michael Merrifield (CO HB15–1259). The bill "would allow the collection of precipitation from a residential rooftop if: A maximum of 2 rain barrels
with a combined storage capacity of 110" (CO HB15–1259). Additionally, it would lift current bans set by the Prior Appropriation law which was
enacted in 1872. The Prior Appropriation law, is refers to as the "priority doctrine," which is a system mandated by Colorado's Constitution and it
regulates the use of surface water in rivers or tributary groundwater connected to the river basin (qtd. in Hobbs). Water right and well holders are the
only residents that can collect rainwater in Colorado because of the Appropriation

Nonsectionalized Land Surveys
This chapter is about The Federal and State Nonsectionalized Land Surveys, in which states that surveys have been sanctioned not only by the federal
agencies but also by the government agencies. The chapter included five principles, where they have given a proper description about the Federal and
State Nonsectionalized Land Surveys in area and their prospect. They Described about Early New England and other Colonial–Era Surveys, in which
they mentioned some terms, Lottery, Land Division, Pitches, reservations, and Special grants and states it with the drawing and maps. Further in the
chapter they states some surveys, tracts and some more area in that which are highlighted as, Ohio Company of Associates, Donation Tract, Symmes
Purchase, Virginia... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Hawaii land laws started after the death of Kim Kamehameha I in 1819, and after 36 years the laws was modernized. In the this particular area they
have given information about Land Titles, Hawaiian Law and Kamaaina, The Great Mahele of 1848, Land court, Surveys at that time, Water
Boundaries and Adverse Possession. In the land surveys of Puerto Rican the land boundaries law are not allowed in U.S mainland, also in this survey
they mentioned the Old Spanish Surveys, Modern Land Subdivisions, Natural Watercources, Land Parcel Research, Survey Authority, Preparation of
Deeds and Descriptions and Registration of Land Titles. Further they mentioned about the Mineral Surveys which was the consideration of Congress
and on May 20, 1785 it reserved most of the minerals. The Further description is about the Water and Mineral Right Law, Land Open to Appropriation
of Minerals, the three term veins, lodes, or lodges, Extralateral and Intralimital Rights in which they have shown in the picture that extralateral rights
follows the downward course of veins. There's more information about the Mill Sites, Tunnel Locations, Size of Claims, Discovery, Locations,
Possession, Annual Expenditures, Requirements for Patent, United States Mineral Surveyors, and Survey of the

Case Analysis: The Los Angeles River
By using Kinney's definitions of "subterranean stream," the Court determined that the groundwater was a part of the Los Angeles River but
employed vague terms that could be interpreted in varying ways that did not reflect the hydrological realities of the region (Sax 2003, 278). Again, if
the water below the valley was legally defined as groundwater, it would be subject to absolute ownership law and Los Angeles would only be secure in
the rights to the Los Angeles River (Sax 2003, 280). So, the Court asserted that geographically speaking, the Los Angeles River's headwaters began in
the mountains surrounding the San Fernando Valley; that all water that percolated into the alluvium traveled by gravity flow into the valley; and
effectively all ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This means that groundwater was being pumped without any state oversight or regulations (Hundley 2001, 529). By 1913, the California
Conservation Commission issued a report that found that the regulatory system in the state was inadequate in its ability to resolve the huge number
of water disputes that were occurring and would be unable to protect its water resources into the future (Brown 2015, 54). In response, California
passed legislation known as the Water Commission Act (WCA) of 1913 (Brown 2015, 55). The legislation created the State Water Commission
(now the State Water Resources Control Board), which now had the power to regulate unappropriated waters in California (Lassiter 2015, 61). Now,
if people wished to gain access to water, they would have to apply for a permit with the Commission (Lassiter 2015, 61); however, the WCA
precluded any permitting system for groundwater that was not directly connected to surface water (Brown 2015, 55). As a result, there was a stark
separation between how groundwater was managed versus how surface water was managed (Sax 2003, 289). Effectively, the state still did not have
any meaningful way to track the use of groundwater, and the courts remained the primary way to handle disputes about ownership (Brown 2015,

Ecological Imperialism In Sea Of Poppies By Amitav Ghosh
Amitav Ghosh in Sea of Poppies published in 2008 looks back at the colonial period to show the social, cultural, economic and ecological devastation
done by European intervention in South Asia. Ghosh states that the impelling policies of colonial powers alter the landscapes of the annexed
bioregions and economically plunder the communities. The research paper focuses on Ghosh's concern over the commodification of nature at the
hands of British colonialists. Sea of Poppies is an account of the imposed opium monoculture in Bihar and Calcutta for the Chinese market responsible
for the enormous wealth of Britain. As such it is made clear in the paper that colonizers have always imported and introduced cash crops in the annexed
terrains by exterminating... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It throws light on the status quo of agriculture in India and emphasizes the environmental injustice caused to the land and to the people. Though
unwilling, people are forced to adapt this new crop culture as Britishers would go from home to home, forcing cash advances on the farmers and
their forged thumbprint. The farmers are unwilling but bound to such contracts because if they refuse, the British soldiers would hide the silver in
their houses to prove them culprits and make them convicts to be transported beyond the seas as indentured servants. In addition, their refusal to
oblige leads to forfeiture of their properties. The novel provides a vivid picture of the exploited farming class. Deeti maintains that earlier they
lived in harmony with nature. She yearns for useful crops like wheat, dal and vegetables. These gestures of Deeti show a happy and symbiotic
environment of the earlier times. She is aware of the curse posed by monoculture. According to her, during winters, fields used to be covered with
wheat and after the spring harvest; the straw would be used for different purposes like fixing the hut roofs. She realizes that it has been seven years
since roof of her hut was last hatched. She does not have money to buy a handful of straw. The Britishers have left the natives handicapped by raising
the price of small accessories like straw. Being

The Importance Of The Purpose Of The Constitution
Section A: General Understanding of the Purpose of the Constitution The Constitution had many important purposes and ideas. One of those ideas
was establishing justice: the act of the government creating fair laws, establishing freedom, liberty, and equality. It is very evident throughout the
Constitution that this goal has been met. For example, Full Faith and Credit explains that states cannot discriminate against other citizens. The
Constitution states, "Full Faith and Credit shall be given in each state to the public, Acts, Records, and Judicial Proceedings of every other state"
(Article 4 Section 1 Clause 1). This is an example of a fair law because it explains states have to respect the judicial ruling of other states. A
common example of Full Faith and Credit is a driver's license. If a random teenager gets a driver's license in Illinois, Wisconsin has to respect that
license, even though one has to be older to obtain a driver's license. This is fair because Illinois ruled that this citizen is eligible for the right to drive.
Another example of the Constitution establishing justice occurs in the first amendment in the Bill of Rights. According to the First Amendment,
"Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or
of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances." This amendment is

The Political Background Of Hobby
Well first off, I'd like to say that having never really been all that interested in politics, analyzing the life of a politician wasn't exactly something I felt
too enthusiastic to delve into. Having said all that, my intrigue in understanding the political background of Hobby picked up right from page #1 in the
book. Being a first–generation American in my family with direct roots to the small fairly new nation of Bangladesh and being a New–York native
myself, I've never really thought of how much a connection one such as Hobby must have with a state or a land to truly become immersed in its
realm of politics. Dating back to the Civil War, Hobby's ancestors both provided service to the Texan republic from Major Alfred Marmaduke Hobby
of the Eighth Texas Confederate Infantry Regiment to Captain of Company D Edwin E. Hobby. The Marmaduke's have made a great impact on Texas
ever since, with Major Marmaduke rejecting Union Lt. Kittredge's demand to inspect government buildings as well as retaliating against the Union
ship USS Arthur itself through open fire and Edwin Hobby going onto becoming a district judge within the Livingston and Polk counties respectively.
Bill Hobby's very own father; Will Hobby went from being the president of the Houston Post to Lieutenant Governor of Texas.
Another thing I noticed was how far a single implementation of a law or an amendment can so drastically change the political culture even if it takes a
few generations to sink in. On pages

The Senate Of The United States
The Senate of the United States shall be composed of two Senators from each State, chosen by the Legislature thereof, for six Years; and each Senator
shall have one Vote.
Immediately after they shall be assembled in Consequence of the first Election, they shall be divided as equally as may be into three Classes. The
Seats of the Senators of the first Class shall be vacated at the Expiration of the second Year, of the second Class at the Expiration of the fourth Year,
and of the third Class at the Expiration of the sixth Year, so that one third may be chosen every second Year; and if Vacancies happen by Resignation, or
otherwise, during the Recess of the Legislature of any State, the Executive thereof may make temporary Appointments until ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
When the President of the United States is tried, the Chief Justice shall preside: And no Person shall be convicted without the Concurrence of two thirds
of the Members present.
Judgment in Cases of Impeachment shall not extend further than to removal from Office, and disqualification to hold and enjoy any Office of honor,
Trust or Profit under the United States: but the Party convicted shall nevertheless be liable and subject to Indictment, Trial, Judgment and Punishment,
according to Law.
Section. 4.
The Times, Places and Manner of holding Elections for Senators and Representatives, shall be prescribed in each State by the Legislature thereof; but
the Congress may at any time by Law make or alter such Regulations, except as to the Places of chusing Senators.
The Congress shall assemble at least once in every Year, and such Meeting shall be on the first Monday in December, unless they shall by Law appoint
a different Day.
Section. 5.
Each House shall be the Judge of the Elections, Returns and Qualifications of its own Members, and a Majority of each shall constitute a Quorum to
do Business; but a smaller Number may adjourn from day to day, and may be authorized to compel the Attendance of absent Members, in such Manner,

and under such Penalties as each House may provide.
Each House may determine the Rules of its Proceedings, punish its Members for disorderly Behaviour, and, with the Concurrence of two thirds, expel
a Member.
Each House shall keep a Journal

America 's Postindustrial Western Culture
America's postindustrial western culture has afforded many citizens with a quality of life that that can sometimes blind them from the realities of the
social, political, and environmental injustices that the majority of the world is suffering from. Sheltered from these exploited countries, we are
generally left to rely on the often bias and sensationalized media to inform our nation. Only when destruction lies before us are we humbled and
inspired to implement change. Events that open unknowing eyes to vulnerability are the ones that shift the public interest. This catalyst can include
anything from a terrorist attack to a natural disaster, or in this case, a drought. The California drought is a perfect testament to this. Back in... Show
Though most are blaming the drought for these frustrating new norms, the farmers are not buying it. Not with controversial legalities such as the
Endangered Species Act blatantly standing in between them and available water. Environmental regulations and the United States laws are receiving
backlash for their representation of the resources exploited by human production. Though farmers and consumers will be forced to continue to adapt,
regulations protecting highly underrepresented species and habitats should not be overlooked in order for Americans to continue to live blind to the
fact that resources are limited. We can only resist adapting to accommodate species other than ourselves for so long before reality humbles us to the
point of our own devastation.
The California Delta Smelt are a species of fish that exclusively inhabit the San Francisco Bay area. Known for this and smelling like cucumbers,
these little guys are not much of a force to be reckoned with. That is, until 2007, when the species was finally listed and afforded maximum protection
under the Endangered Species Act. The Endangered Species Act was created, as the second section declares, to "conserve" both "the ecosystems upon
which endangered species and threatened species depend" and the species themselves, because rare species retain "esthetic, ecological, educational,
historical, recreational, and scientific value" (Freyfogle 233). This idea of protecting a species from extinction

American Indians And Alaskan Natives
American Indians and Alaskan Natives have a relationship with the federal government that is unique due to the "trust relationship" between the US
and American Indians/Alaskan Natives (AI/ANs) who are entitled to health care services provided by the US government by virtue of their membership
in sovereign Indian nations. In order to contextualize the complex nature of Indian health programs it is necessary to become versed in the political
and legal status of Indian tribes. Through numerous constitutional, legislative, judicial, executive rulings, and orders that were largely associated
with the succession of land and subsequent treaty rights; the health care of AI/ANs has been one of many responsibilities guaranteed by the federal
government. The foundations of which can be traced back to the year 1787. The ceded land has been interpreted in courts to mean that healthcare
and services were in a sense prepaid by AI/AN tribes and 400 million acres of land. The misconception of "free healthcare" and a conservative
political disdain from so called entitlement programs have also led to misconceptions regarding the federal government's responsibility to provide
health care and services to AI/ANs. Rhoades (2000) has argued that tribal sovereignty is the overarching principle guiding Indian health care on a daily
basis.1 This paper will examine the history surrounding federally mandated healthcare to AI/ANs, pertinent issues of sovereignty, as well as case
studies in tribal

Department Of Homeland Security (DHS)
The national security of the United States takes on many ideas. It is not only protecting out boarders, but also deterring and defeating an enemy before
they come to the United States. Today the U.S. biggest threat is defending terrorism; either by a foreign group or from within our boarders.
"The struggle against international terrorism is different from any other war in our history. We will not triumph solely or even primarily through
military might." (National Strategy for Combating Terrorism, 2003) And so to combat this in the post 9/11 time, the Department of Homeland
Security (DHS) was born. And as we have seen in the past event, DHS is needed more today than ever. But DHS was born out of not only necessity
but also function.
Prior to 9/11 attacks on the U.S., inter–agency communication was not very good. There were many territorial issues on who was in charge and how
information would be passed. There are several agencies that have overlapping missions to help protect. Homeland. Intelligence sharing was identified
as a main issue for the failures of the attacks of 9/11as cited by Eric Velez–Villar Assistant Director, Directorate of IntelligenceFederal Bureau of
Investigation. "The constantly evolving national security threat requires an adaptable information ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
(DoD 5110.4M, 2004) Basically the DoD controls all the U.S. Military to protect the national interest of the citizens. These interests are spelled out by
the President through the Secretary of Defense to the Chairmen of the Joint chiefs. The DoD is used in defense of the nation and is the lead when the
mission changes from homeland security to defense. The DoD is under the command and control of the

Indigenous Struggle For A Life With Dignity
Jenny Melin
INT 203
Dr. Stephen Haymes
Indigenous Struggle for a Life with Dignity in the Ecuadorian Amazon
In this paper I argue that lawsuit filed against ChevronTexaco for dumping 18 billion gallons of toxic wastewater, spilling roughly 17 millions
gallons of crude oil, and leaving hazardous waste in hundreds of open pits dug out of the forest floor have affected more than the ecosystem of the
Ecuadorian Amazon. ChevronTexaco has also completely threatened the Ecuadorian indigenous people's way of life and was able to delegitimize their
claim due to the global capitalist system and lack of epistemic justice. However I also argue in this paper that the indigenous people's struggle against
ChevronTexaco is an exemplification of resistance to the global capitalist system and stands in solidarity with the global justice movement. Indigenous
peoples is a term especially used in the international context to recognize the existence of ancestral peoples who existed prior to the formation of
modern nation–states and whose way of life was, and is, historically denied, outraged and discriminated against. In September 2007 the United Nations
Declaration on the Human Rights of Indigenous Peoples was signed. This represents a huge discursive change within the international context when
recognizing the importance of indigenous people's livelihoods. Indigenous ethos versus western ethos is extremely different in how they identify
themselves. Indigenous peoples characteristically

California Water Rights
Water resources in the state of California have deteriorated drastically as a result of the current drought event in the west coast of the United States.
This has resulted in insufficient supplies of water to residents of southern California, as well as the devastation of wildlife and aquatic ecosystems
that are characteristic of this area. This policy analysis will provide the context of the issue, as well as possible solutions, followed by a proposed
policy plan to reach the policy goal of equitable and reliable water allocation in the state of California, drought resilience, as well as restoration of the
destroyed ecosystems.
Water rights policies have been an important topic throughout the history of California, as the resource is perpetually... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
state in 1848. Water was still in short supply, and the US Bureau of Reclamation was established in 1902 in order to manage water resources in the
area. During this period, water from the Sierra Nevada Mountain Range was used extensively for residential, as well as commercial and industrial, uses
including gold mining. This was also the time during which the first water market arose – as a system to sell water to gold miners. However, in 1886,
these prior appropriation rights conflicted with the Riparian water rights policies used throughout the rest of the United States. Throughout the rest of
the country, Riparian water rights were in effect. Riparian water rights allocates water to those who own land along the path of the waterway. This
conflict resulted in a combined policy of both Riparian and Prior Appropriation rights within the state (USCD Center for Environmental Economics).
Southern California perhaps has seen the most conflict over water than the rest of the United States. The area surrounding Los Angeles and San Diego
has virtually no fresh water source naturally and requires irrigation from the north. These two cities have continually conflicted over water allocations
from the Colorado

Rain Water Case Study
Does permitting Colorado residents to harvest rain water by means of a rain barrel, affect the water flows for senior water rights holders and
downstream users? Review of a small sensitivity analysis conducted by a private party in Douglas County indicates there is no significant impact if
resident do so. Colorado has an old law with regard to harvesting rain water. The law states, the State of Colorado has claim to all the water and
moisture which falls in the state, therefore, a resident is not permitted to collect water. Some believe permitting Colorado residents to harvest rain
water is a violation of the doctrine of prior appropriations. The study labeled, "Holistic Approach to Sustainable Water Management in northwest
Douglas County" was designed to show what percentage of return flows would make it back to the stream for downstream users if collected first. The
study was held in an undeveloped area of northwest Douglas County,... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Even though water is a considered a renewable resource, it is not regenerating itself in the same amounts all the time. Mathematically, represented as,
Q_0>в€†S,S_1<S_0 or in other words a decrease in the stock and unsustainable rate of extraction. Combining this with the fact water is a static
resource; we want to maximize net benefit today rather than in the future. Colorado is one of the very last states restricting the harvesting of rain
water. The state of Washington has an incentive program, a 10% fee reduction for any business willing to change their system to adapt to water
harvesting, instead of water through the county. A bill was introduced here in Colorado to allow for water harvesting on a low scale (55 gallon
barrel) last year, which failed. However, the similar bill has been reintroduced again this year and residents are hopeful it will

Taking a Look at Government Shutdowns
A government shutdown can be a scary and traumatic event, but how worried should America really be? What causes a shutdown to happen? Under the
Constitution, Congress must pass laws to spend money. If Congress cannot agree on a spending bill –or the president vetoes it– the government does
not have the legal authority to spend money. Therefore, the House and Senate must agree on a law to pass one. If they cannot agree, they will briefly
shutdown the government until they come to resolution. Any shutdown would begin when the fiscal year ends (12 month period, starting October 1
and ending September 30) and it would end immediately after the president signs a spending bill. Most government shutdowns last no more than three
days. Some last less than a day but the longest was 21 days, from December 16, 1995, through January 5, 1996. From 1976 to present, there have been
17 shutdowns according to the Congressional Research Service. However, there are no recorded shutdowns before 1976. In a government shutdown,
only "non–essential" functions of the federal government close down, while all "essential" functions of the government remain operating. Generally, all
government functions that ensure safety and protect property remain open and in operation

Analyzing Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill
Introduction The Gulf of Mexico is a valuable nationwide treasure. Its natural deposits–– water, fish, beaches, reefs, marshes, oil and gas–– are the
financial engine of the area. USDC (2012) asserts that the Gulf of Mexico is similarly essential to the whole country as an abundant source of meals,
energy and entertainment. The Gulf Coast's distinct culture and natural charm are world–renowned. There is no location like it anywhere else on Earth
(USDC, 2012). USDC (2012) reports that on April 20, 2010 examinations of the world concentrated on an oil platform in the Gulf, around 50 miles
off the Louisiana coastline. The mobile drilling unit Deepwater Horizon, which was being made used to drill an experimental well for BP
Exploration and Production, Inc. (BP), violently blew up, ignited and at some point sank, tragically eliminating 11 employees. However that was just
the start of the catastrophe. Oil and various other compounds from the rig and the well started streaming unabated around one mile below the area.
Preliminary efforts to cap the wells were not successful, and for 87 days oil ejected unmonitored and uncontrolled into the Gulf. Oil soon enough
covered a huge location of hundreds of square miles, and held by the tides and currents reached the coastline, contaminating beaches, bays, estuaries
and marshes from the Florida panhandle to west of the Mississippi River delta. At the height of the spill, around 37 % of the open water in the Gulf
was closed to fishing.

Water Trading Papers
Water trading is one of those invisible necessitates. Not many see it or even know that it has occurred, as long as they have water when they turn on
the tap; people by and large are oblivious as to how it got there. Water trading happens primarily on the regional level, as it is not feasible to pipe
water across the country. It is necessary to trade, buy and sell water rights in areas all over the country. In areas such as Las Vegas that have a
population that vastly outweighs the natural water supply, it is necessary to import water from areas of abundance to make up the difference. Water
trading at its core is like any other commodity trading. One party receives one thing in exchange for another. This paper will examine how water
trading occurs between states and ultimately how water gets from where it is to where it is needed.
The availability of water is an issue that requires careful management and planning in order to maximize access. Areas in the Western United States
have rapidly growing populations without the natural water sources to sustain them. The art of getting water from where it is or who has it to where
it is needed or who needs it is the practice of water trading. Deals made between states to ensure access to water.
In western states, individuals do not own water as they might own land. The state owns the water, which it holds in trust for its citizens. Some
economists would argue that water trading could promote more efficient water usage because a

China Essay
Alone I stand in the autumn cold
On the tip of Orange Island,
The Xiang flowing northward;
I see a thousand hills crimsoned through
By their serried woods deep–dyed,
And a hundred barges vying
Over crystal blue waters.
Eagles cleave the air,
Fish glide under the shallow water;
Under freezing skies a million creatures contend in freedom.
Brooding over this immensity,
I ask, on this bondless land
Who rules over man's destiny?
–––––Mao Zedong (1925)
The 1949 Chinese Revolution was a transformative, epochal event, not only for the Chinese but for the rest of humanity, as well. If the 1917 Bolshevik
Revolution in Russia (that resulted in the creation of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics or Soviet Union) inaugurated an international ... Show
Thus, the communist victory in China (the most populous nation on Earth) created a stronger sense of threat in one camp and of impending victory in
the other. It also contributed to the way this bipolar struggle came to overshadow all other international relationships and many domestic conflicts
within nations, as well.
The conflict was mystified by both sides: it took on the dimensions and intensity of a religious crusade that permeates all aspects of social life.[1]
Indeed, if societies are really formations of social and environmental processes, all interacting and shaping one another, then the introduction of this
polar conflict into the fiber of existing social relationships could not help but impact virtually every society (or social formation) and transform
numerous cultural, economic, and political processes within those societies. The mystified (metaphysical) nature of the conflict served both sides:

those who wanted to defend the status quo (the moral, political, and economic arrangements that predominated) in the "Western" nations were able to
promote anti–communist attitudes and actions by depicting the other side as opponents of freedom, goodness, democracy, and light; while those who
supported the goals of the Comintern could rally greater support for overturning the status quo by making use of the

Indigenous Rights
2. What are some recent events in the news that deal with indigenous rights? How do they relate to the module?
I'm sure most people have followed the news on the Dakota Access Pipeline and the Keystone XL Pipeline, this may even be the largest (recent) news
event that is involved with indigenous rights. However, there are several other recent news events that cover indigenous rights within the United States
in particular. Many of these news events revolve around land (monument statuses, and rightly ownership), and cultural appropriation. These factors play
into the larger scheme of structural violence and general perceptions of Native American people.
First, I'd like to give a little background on the pipelines for those who may be ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Rather, as Garrett and Pichette would explain, legislative measures were clever and would go on to force Native Americans to conform to the structures
of White American (Garrett and Pichette).
So what does this second example have to do with modern events? The piece was written on attempting to return land that was forcibly taken from
the Native Americans, in this case the Lenape. An activist for Native American rights would go on to buy a building in Manhattan with the hopes of
restoring it into a prayer house, which would be owned and operated by the Lenape Nation. This decision was not without some controversy, as this
person had made Mr. Van Dunk the recipient of the gesture/gift (Kilgannon). Mr. Van Dunk was a prior chief of the Lenape Nation, who had been
criticized for how he handled tribe finances and business. Mr. Van Dunk has since been barred from the nation by a tribal vote (Kilgannon). Thus,
people feel he is an inappropriate recipient. This particular article relates to the land ownership and rights of Native American tribes, that have often
been neglected.
Lastly, there's also been an article regarding the promises of the coal industry made to some tribes. These tribes have been said to be relying on
Trump's promises regarding the revitalization of the coal industry. The coal industry for several tribes serves as a means of

IOOS: Integrated Ocean Observing System Essay
IOOS: Integrated Ocean Observing System Oceans cover over 70% of our planet, yet very little is known about their biological content, physical
systems, and how, both together and individually, they affect our planet. Understanding the affect the ocean has on weather, climate changes, and the
ecosystems of the planet are of ever–increasing interest to the human population. Studies, experiments, and more are currently being conducted by
various means, sources, and organizations. Due to the this vast amount of monitoring, a need has arisen to collect and combine this data into one
common database that more than a few individuals and organizations have access to. In order to meet this need the Integrated Ocean Observing System,
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Another aspect of understanding the ocean's function is tracking and following the patterns of El Nino and La Nina. By carefully tracking these
climate changes over the years, it may eventually be possible to predict severe El Nino storms before they occur. One expert states that "the ocean's
response and indeed its active role in" the climate changes of current times remains "unclear owing in significant part to the lack of long records to
quantify in the ocean's stratification and circulation."4 With this knowledge it may be possible to track how various human influences effect the
environment and the general ecosystem of the planet. In order to study these phenomena a buoy was placed off the coat of Massachusetts, recording
temperature data for over 3 years. A graphical summary of this data can be seen in Figure 1. The data obtained in the experiment is now available in
graphical form, years after the experiment has been completed. Yet experiments similar to this one are still ongoing and data is being collected,
analyzed, and stored. Collecting this data is complicated and time–consuming, each individual instrument or station may take hundreds of
measurements per day (or very few). Once this data is taken, the experiment completed, questions arise about the data: what should be done with it,
who may need it,

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