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MUSCLES OF FACIAL EXPRESSION
 Generally from skull to skin
 Innervated by facial nerve
(CN VII)
 Sphincters and dilators
around mouth (lips), eyes,
nostrils
TERMINOLOGY
 “Levator. . .” - Raises
 “Depressor. . .” - lowers
 “Major” – the larger
 “Minor” – the smaller
 “Superioris” – superior
 “Inferiorioris” – inferior
 “Orbicularis” - encircles
There are 17 Muscles
1. Frontal Belly Of Occipitofrontalis
2. Corrugator Super cilia
3. Orbicularis Occuli
4. Compressor Naris
5. Dilator Naris
6. Procerus
7. Depressor Septi
8. Nasalis
9. Buccinator
1. Zygomaticus Major and Minor
2. Levator labii Superioris alaeque nasi
3. Depressor anguli oris
4. Levator Anguli Superioris
5. Depressor Labii Inferioris
6. Orbicularis Oris
7. Risorius
8. Mentalis
 Frontal Belly of Ocipito
frontalis:
 Orgin : Galea
Aponeurotica
 Insertion: Orbicularis
oculi and adjacent skin
 Action: Draws scalp
forward and raises
eyebrows
MUSCLES OF FACIAL EXPRESSION
MUSCLES OF EYE
 Orbicularis oculi
 Sphincter muscle of eyelid
 O: frontal & maxillary bones
 I: tissue of eyelid
 Action: closes eye
 Nerve: facial / CN VII
MUSCLES AROUND THE NOSE
 Procerus - wrinkles skin
of nose
 Compressor nares –
lateral to bridge of nose
compresses nasal
cartilage.
 Dilator nares - lateral to
nostrils – dilates
MUSCLES OF FACIAL EXPRESSION
 Zygomaticus
 Orgin: zygomatic bone
 Insertion: corners of mouth
 Action: smiling
 Nerve: facial / CN VII
MUSCLES AROUND THE MOUTH
 Numerous dilators
(levators/depressors of
upper/lower lip and angle of
mouth)
 Buccinator
 Sphincter: Orbicularis oris
Surrounds/closes mouth
 Buccinator
Orgin: Maxilla and
Mandible
Insertion: Angle of
the mouth
Action: Retracts
angle of mouth
MUSCLES OF FACIAL EXPRESSION
Common Facial Expressions
 Smiling & Laughing: Zygomatics Major
 Sadness: Levator Labii Superioris and Levator
Anguli Oris
 Grief: Depressor Anguli Oris
 Anger: Dilator Naris & Depressor Septi
 Frowning: Corrugator Supercilii & Procerus
 Horror, Terror & Fight: Platysma
 Surprise: Frontalis
 Doubt: Mentalis
 Grinning: Risorius
 Contempt: Zygomatic Minor
SMILING MUSCLES FROWNING MUSCLES
 Orbicularis Oculi: close
eyelid
 Nasalis: compress/dilate
nasal openings
 Levator Labii Superioris:
raise upper lip
 Levator Anguli Superioris:
raise angle of mouth
upward
 Zygomaticus: draw angle
of mouth upward
 Risorius: draw angle of
mouth laterally
 Frontalis: elevate
eyebrows
 Orbicularis Oris: closes
mouth
 Depressor Anguli Oris:
draw angle of mouth
downward
 Depressor Labii Inferioris:
lowers lower lip
 Mentalis: draws chin up
 Platysma: draws lower lip
down & back
Facial Muscles – Surprise
 Epicranial: Raises forehead, pulls scalp
backward
Fig 4-7
Facial Muscles – Closing Eyelid
 Orbicularis oculi: Closes eyelid
Fig 4-9
Facial Muscles – Frowning
 Corrugator supercilii:
Draws eyebrow
medially
Facial Muscles – Closing Lips
 Orbicularis oris: Closes or purses lips
Facial Muscles – Assist Chewing
 Buccinator: Moves “bolus” of food
Facial Muscles – Opening
 Risorius: Smile
widely
Facial Muscles – Raising Upper Lip
 Levator labii superioris: Raises upper lip
Facial Muscles – Raising Upper Lip
 Levator labii
superioris
alaeque
nasi: Raises
upper lip and
widens
nostril
Facial Muscles – Smiling
 Zygomatic
us major:
Draws
cheek back
and corner
of mouth
open
Facial Muscles – Raising Upper Lip
 Zygomaticus
minor:
Raises upper
lip
Facial Muscles – Smiling
 Levator
anguli
oris:
Raises
angle of
mouth
Facial Muscles – Frowning
 Depresso
r anguli
oris:
Lowers
angle of
mouth
Facial Muscles – Lowering Lower Lip
 Depressor
labii
inferioris:
Lowers
lower lip
Facial Muscles – Raising Chin
 Mentalis:
Raises chin,
protrudes
lower lip,
and
Decreases
depth of
lower
vestibule.
Facial Muscles – Grimacing
 Platysma:
Raises
skin of
neck and
lowers
corner of
mouth.
CUTANEOUS INNERVATION OF FACE
 Branches of trigeminal
nerve (CN V):
 Ophthalmic (V1)
 Maxillary (V2)
 Mandibular (V3)
 Cervical plexus branches
(C2)
 Lesser occipital
 Great auricular
 Greater occipital nerve
(dorsal ramus of C2)
MUSCLES & NERVE SUPPLY
motor nerve supply of facial muscles
are by branches of facial nerve
 Orbicularis oculi Temporal and
zygomatic branches
 Muscles of Upper Lip and Buccal Branch
Buccinator, Levator Anguli Oris
 Risorius and Mandibular Branch
muscles of lower lip
 Platysma Cervical Branch
Damage to UMNs, LMNs, or facial nerve
 Clinical testing: raise eyebrows, close eyes tightly, smile
 Unilateral UMN: contralateral lower 1/2-2/3 of face
paralysed
 Unilateral LMN or CN VII: entire ipsilateral face paralysed
(Bell’s palsy)
 Lack of blinking
 Leaky mouth
 Speech difficulties
 (other CN VII functions)
A lesion involving the nuclear or infranuclear
portion of the facial nerve will produce a
peripheral facial palsy.
 If all motor components are involved, there is
complete paralysis of all facial muscles on the
involved side.
 The brow is smooth
 the eye does not close
 the nasolabial fold is flat
 side of the mouth droops
 There is no movement at all
 Idiopathic: Bell's palsy may strike at any
age, often after a mild viral illness.
Recovery is over a period of weeks to
months and is variable. The cause of the
idiopathic variety is unknown.
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DECODING THE RISKS - ALCOHOL, TOBACCO & DRUGS.pdf
 

Musclesoffacialexpression new

  • 1.
  • 2. MUSCLES OF FACIAL EXPRESSION  Generally from skull to skin  Innervated by facial nerve (CN VII)  Sphincters and dilators around mouth (lips), eyes, nostrils
  • 3. TERMINOLOGY  “Levator. . .” - Raises  “Depressor. . .” - lowers  “Major” – the larger  “Minor” – the smaller  “Superioris” – superior  “Inferiorioris” – inferior  “Orbicularis” - encircles
  • 4. There are 17 Muscles 1. Frontal Belly Of Occipitofrontalis 2. Corrugator Super cilia 3. Orbicularis Occuli 4. Compressor Naris 5. Dilator Naris 6. Procerus 7. Depressor Septi 8. Nasalis 9. Buccinator
  • 5. 1. Zygomaticus Major and Minor 2. Levator labii Superioris alaeque nasi 3. Depressor anguli oris 4. Levator Anguli Superioris 5. Depressor Labii Inferioris 6. Orbicularis Oris 7. Risorius 8. Mentalis
  • 6.  Frontal Belly of Ocipito frontalis:  Orgin : Galea Aponeurotica  Insertion: Orbicularis oculi and adjacent skin  Action: Draws scalp forward and raises eyebrows MUSCLES OF FACIAL EXPRESSION
  • 7. MUSCLES OF EYE  Orbicularis oculi  Sphincter muscle of eyelid  O: frontal & maxillary bones  I: tissue of eyelid  Action: closes eye  Nerve: facial / CN VII
  • 8. MUSCLES AROUND THE NOSE  Procerus - wrinkles skin of nose  Compressor nares – lateral to bridge of nose compresses nasal cartilage.  Dilator nares - lateral to nostrils – dilates
  • 9. MUSCLES OF FACIAL EXPRESSION  Zygomaticus  Orgin: zygomatic bone  Insertion: corners of mouth  Action: smiling  Nerve: facial / CN VII
  • 10. MUSCLES AROUND THE MOUTH  Numerous dilators (levators/depressors of upper/lower lip and angle of mouth)  Buccinator  Sphincter: Orbicularis oris Surrounds/closes mouth
  • 11.  Buccinator Orgin: Maxilla and Mandible Insertion: Angle of the mouth Action: Retracts angle of mouth MUSCLES OF FACIAL EXPRESSION
  • 12. Common Facial Expressions  Smiling & Laughing: Zygomatics Major  Sadness: Levator Labii Superioris and Levator Anguli Oris  Grief: Depressor Anguli Oris  Anger: Dilator Naris & Depressor Septi  Frowning: Corrugator Supercilii & Procerus  Horror, Terror & Fight: Platysma  Surprise: Frontalis  Doubt: Mentalis  Grinning: Risorius  Contempt: Zygomatic Minor
  • 13. SMILING MUSCLES FROWNING MUSCLES  Orbicularis Oculi: close eyelid  Nasalis: compress/dilate nasal openings  Levator Labii Superioris: raise upper lip  Levator Anguli Superioris: raise angle of mouth upward  Zygomaticus: draw angle of mouth upward  Risorius: draw angle of mouth laterally  Frontalis: elevate eyebrows  Orbicularis Oris: closes mouth  Depressor Anguli Oris: draw angle of mouth downward  Depressor Labii Inferioris: lowers lower lip  Mentalis: draws chin up  Platysma: draws lower lip down & back
  • 14. Facial Muscles – Surprise  Epicranial: Raises forehead, pulls scalp backward Fig 4-7
  • 15. Facial Muscles – Closing Eyelid  Orbicularis oculi: Closes eyelid Fig 4-9
  • 16. Facial Muscles – Frowning  Corrugator supercilii: Draws eyebrow medially
  • 17. Facial Muscles – Closing Lips  Orbicularis oris: Closes or purses lips
  • 18. Facial Muscles – Assist Chewing  Buccinator: Moves “bolus” of food
  • 19. Facial Muscles – Opening  Risorius: Smile widely
  • 20. Facial Muscles – Raising Upper Lip  Levator labii superioris: Raises upper lip
  • 21. Facial Muscles – Raising Upper Lip  Levator labii superioris alaeque nasi: Raises upper lip and widens nostril
  • 22. Facial Muscles – Smiling  Zygomatic us major: Draws cheek back and corner of mouth open
  • 23. Facial Muscles – Raising Upper Lip  Zygomaticus minor: Raises upper lip
  • 24. Facial Muscles – Smiling  Levator anguli oris: Raises angle of mouth
  • 25. Facial Muscles – Frowning  Depresso r anguli oris: Lowers angle of mouth
  • 26. Facial Muscles – Lowering Lower Lip  Depressor labii inferioris: Lowers lower lip
  • 27. Facial Muscles – Raising Chin  Mentalis: Raises chin, protrudes lower lip, and Decreases depth of lower vestibule.
  • 28. Facial Muscles – Grimacing  Platysma: Raises skin of neck and lowers corner of mouth.
  • 29.
  • 30. CUTANEOUS INNERVATION OF FACE  Branches of trigeminal nerve (CN V):  Ophthalmic (V1)  Maxillary (V2)  Mandibular (V3)  Cervical plexus branches (C2)  Lesser occipital  Great auricular  Greater occipital nerve (dorsal ramus of C2)
  • 31.
  • 32. MUSCLES & NERVE SUPPLY motor nerve supply of facial muscles are by branches of facial nerve  Orbicularis oculi Temporal and zygomatic branches  Muscles of Upper Lip and Buccal Branch Buccinator, Levator Anguli Oris  Risorius and Mandibular Branch muscles of lower lip  Platysma Cervical Branch
  • 33.
  • 34. Damage to UMNs, LMNs, or facial nerve  Clinical testing: raise eyebrows, close eyes tightly, smile  Unilateral UMN: contralateral lower 1/2-2/3 of face paralysed  Unilateral LMN or CN VII: entire ipsilateral face paralysed (Bell’s palsy)  Lack of blinking  Leaky mouth  Speech difficulties  (other CN VII functions)
  • 35. A lesion involving the nuclear or infranuclear portion of the facial nerve will produce a peripheral facial palsy.  If all motor components are involved, there is complete paralysis of all facial muscles on the involved side.  The brow is smooth  the eye does not close  the nasolabial fold is flat  side of the mouth droops  There is no movement at all
  • 36.  Idiopathic: Bell's palsy may strike at any age, often after a mild viral illness. Recovery is over a period of weeks to months and is variable. The cause of the idiopathic variety is unknown.