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Muscles-Leg ppt
- 1. Anatomy and PhysiologyI Muscles that Move the Thigh, Lower Leg, Foot, and Toes Instructor: Mary Holman
- 2. Muscles that Movethe Thigh 2 Anterior • Psoas major • Iliacus 5 Posterior/ Lateral • Gluteus maximus * • Gluteus medius • Gluteus minimus • Tensor fasciae latae • Piriformis * 5 Medial • Pectineus • Adductor brevis • Adductor longus • Adductor magnus • Gracilis
- 3. Muscles that Movethe Thigh (the Femur) 1 Extensor (Posterior) • Gluteus maximus * 2 Flexors (Anterior) • Psoas major • Iliacus 5 Adductors (Medial) • Pectineus ** • Adductor brevis ** • Adductor longus • Adductor magnus ** • Gracilis 4 Abductors (Post or Lat) • Gluteus medius • Gluteus minimus ** • Tensor fasciae latae • Piriformis * * = know O & I ** = not on your muscle list !
- 4. Origin: T12 -L5 Insertion: Lesser trochanter of femur Action: Flexes thigh Fig. 9.37a Psoas major Fig. 9.37f Psoas minor Anterior
- 5. Origin: Iliac fossaof ilium Insertion: Lesser trochanter of femur Action: Flexes thigh Fig. 9.37a Iliacus Fig. 9.37g Anterior
- 6. Iliopsoas Psoas major Iliacus Insertion:Lesser trochanter of femur Fig. 9.37f Fig. 9.37g Fig. 9.37a All Anterior
- 7. Fig. 9.38c Copyright ©The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Gluteus maximus * Fig. 9.38a Origin: Ilium, sacrum, & coccyx Insertion: Gluteal tuberosity of femur Action: Extends hip, abducts and laterally rotates thigh Lateral Posterior
- 8. Fig. 9.38b Gluteus medius Copyright© The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Fig. 9.38a Origin: Lateral surface of ilium Insertion: Greater trochanter of femur Action: Abducts and rotates thigh medially Lateral
- 9. Fig. 9.38d Gluteus minimus Origin:Lateral surface of ilium Insertion: Greater trochanter of femur Action: Abducts and rotates thigh medially Lateral
- 10. Origin: Anterior superior Iliacspine ASIS Insertion: Through Iliotibial tract to lateral condyle of the tibia Action: Abducts, flexes, and rotates thigh medially, tenses lateral fascia Fig. 9.37a Tensor fasciae latae Fig. 9.38a Anterior Lateral
- 11. Origin: Anterior surface ofsacrum Insertion: Greater trochanter of femur Action: Abducts and laterally rotates thigh Fig. 9.38d Piriformis Lateral
- 12. Origin: Spine ofpubis Insertion: Femur - distal to lesser trochanter Action: Adducts thigh and flexes hip Fig. 9.37a Pectineus Anterior
- 13. Origin: Pubic bone Insertion:Posterior surface of femur Action: Flexes hip, adducts and laterally rotates the thigh Fig. 9.37c Adductor brevis Anterior
- 14. Origin: Pubic bonenear symphysis pubis Insertion: Posterior surface of femur Action: Adducts and laterally rotates the thigh and flexes hip Fig. 9.37a Adductor longus Fig. 9.37d Anterior
- 15. Fig. 9.37e Copyright ©The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Adductor magnus Fig. 9.37a Origin: Ischial tuberosity Insertion: Posterior femur Action: Adducts thigh and posterior extends hip, anterior flexes hip, medially rotates the femur Anterior
- 16. Origin: Lower edgeof symphysis pubis Insertion: Medial surface of tibia Action: Adducts thigh, and flexes knee Fig. 9.37a Gracilis Fig. 9.37c Anterior
- 17. Muscles that Movethe Lower Leg 4 Flexors Hamstring Group • Biceps femoris * • Semitendinosus • Semimembranosus 4 Extensors Quadriceps Femoris Group • Rectus femoris * • Vastus lateralis • Vastus medialis • Vastus intermedius • Sartorius * = know O and I
- 18. Origin: Short head -femur Long head - ischial tuberosity Insertion: Head of fibula and lateral condyle of tibia Action: Flexes knee, rotates leg laterally, and extends hip Fig. 9.39c Biceps femoris* Short head Long head Fig. 9.39a Fig. 9.39b All Posterior
- 19. Biceps femoris* Long head Fig.9.39a Fig. 9.38a Posterior Lateral
- 20. Origin: Ischial tuberosity Insertion:Medial surface of tibia Action: Flexes knee, rotates leg medially, and extends hip Fig. 9.39c Fig. 9.39a Semitendinosus Posterior
- 21. Origin: Ischial tuberosity Insertion:Medial condyle of tibia and collateral ligament Action: Flexes knee, rotates leg medially, and extends hip Fig. 9.39b Semimembranosus Fig. 9.39a Posterior
- 22. Origin: Anterior, superior iliacspine ASIS Insertion: Medial surface of the tibia Action: Flexes the knee and hip, abducts and rotates thigh laterally and lower leg medially Fig. 9.37a Sartorius Fig. 9.37b Anterior
- 23. Origin: Spine ofilium and edge of the acetabulum Insertion: By common tendon to patella and onto tibial tuberosity through the patellar ligament Action: Extends knee Fig. 9.37a Rectus femoris * Fig. 9.38a Patella Patellar ligament Quadriceps femoris tendon (patellar tendon) Anterior Lateral
- 24. Origin: Greater trochanter andposterior surface of femur Insertion: By common tendon to patella and onto tibial tuberosity through the patellar ligament Action: Extends knee Fig. 9.37a Fig. 9.38a Vastus lateralis Anterior Lateral
- 25. Origin: Medial surface offemur Insertion: By common tendon to patella and onto tibial tuberosity through the patellar ligament Action: Extends knee Fig. 9.37a Vastus medialis Anterior
- 26. Fig. 9.37b Vastus intermedius Origin:Anterior and lateral surfaces of femur Insertion: By common tendon to patella and onto tibial tuberosity through the patellar ligament Action: Extends knee Anterior
- 27. Fig. 9.40b Gracilis Semimembranosus Semitendinosus Sartorius Vastus medialis Rectusfemoris Adipose tissue Skin Adductor magnus Adductor longus Great saphenous v. Femoral v. and a. Vastus intermedius Shaft of femur Sciatic n. Vastus lateralis Lateral Medial Anterior Long head of biceps femoris Short head of biceps femoris Cross section of the Right Thigh
- 28. Muscles that Movethe Foot 2 Dorsiflexors • Tibialis anterior • Fibularis tertius ** Dorsiflexion Plantar Flexion 6 Plantar Flexors •Gastrocnemius * • Soleus • Plantaris ** • Tibialis posterior** • Fibularis longus • Fibularis brevis** * = know O and I ** = not on your muscle list !
- 29. Origin: Lateral condyle andlateral surface of tibia Insertion: Medial cuneiform and first metatarsal Action: Dorsiflexes and inverts foot Fig. 9.41a Tibialis anterior Fig. 9.41b Anterior
- 30. Origin: Anterior surfaceof fibula Insertion: Dorsal surface 5th metatarsal Action: Dorsiflexes and everts the foot Fig. 9.41c Fibularis tertius (Peroneus tertius) Anterior
- 31. Origin: Lateral andmedial condyles of the femur Insertion: Posterior surface of the calcaneus via Achilles or calcaneal tendon Action: Plantar flexes foot, flexes knee Fig. 9.43a Gastrocnemius * Medial head Lateral head Fig. 9.42a Lateral Posterior
- 32. Origin: Head andshaft of fibula and posterior surface of tibia Insertion: Posterior surface of calcaneus Action: Plantar flexes foot Fig. 9.43c Soleus Fig. 9.42a Lateral Posterior
- 33. Origin: Posterior lateral condyleof femur Insertion: Calcaneus Action: Plantar flexes foot, flexes knee Fig. 9.43c Plantaris Posterior
- 34. Origin: Lateral condyleand posterior surface of tibia and posterior surface of fibula Insertion: Tarsal and metatarsal bones Action: Plantar flexes and inverts foot Fig. 9.43d Tibialis posterior Posterior View of Lower leg
- 35. Origin: Head and shaftof fibula and lateral condyle of tibia Insertion: Medial cuneiform & 1st metatarsal bones Action: Plantar flexes and everts foot, supports arch Fig. 9.42a Fibularis longus (Peroneus longus) Fig. 9.42b Lateral
- 36. Origin: Fibula Insertion: Baseof the fifth metatarsal Action: Plantar flexes and everts foot Fig. 9.42c Fibularis brevis (Peroneus brevis) Lateral
- 37. Muscles that Movethe Toes • Flexor digitorum longus • Extensor digitorum longus
- 38. Origin: Posterior surfaceof tibia Insertion: Distal phalanges of four lateral toes Action: Flexes four lateral toes, plantar flexes and inverts foot Fig. 9.43e Flexor digitorum longus Posterior View of Lower leg
- 39. Origin: Lateral condyleof tibia and anterior surface of fibula Insertion: Dorsal surfaces of 2nd and 3rd phalanges of four lateral toes Action: Extends toes and dorsiflexes and everts foot Fig. 9.41a Extensor digitorum longus Fig. 9.41d Anterior
- 40. Fig. 9.44b Copyright ©The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Gastrocnemius Fibularis longus Deep fibular n. Superficial fibular n. Anterior tibial a. Extensor digitorum longus Extensor hallucis longus Fibula Soleus Tibia Great saphenous v. Tibialis posterior m. Flexor digitorum longus Small saphenous v. Posterior tibial a. Flexor hallucis longus m. Tibial n. Tibialis anterior m. Anterior Cross section of the Right Lower Leg H H Lateral Medial
- 41. Extensor Retinacula Continuous onits superior side with the fascia of the lower leg and on the inferior side with the plantar aponeurosis Anterior Lateral