The document compares the obsolete overhead projector technology to the emerging interactive whiteboard technology. It notes that overhead projectors only allowed one-way information sharing from teacher to students, without opportunities for student interactivity. Interactive whiteboards enabled two-way interaction between teachers and students by allowing information on the board to be manipulated. The document suggests interactive whiteboards will replace overhead projectors as they provide more effective multimedia learning experiences and opportunities for student-teacher engagement.

2. Obsolete Technology: Overhead Projector
▪ Device that allows users to project slides
or transparencies onto a board or screen
▪ To edit any of the information that was on
the transparency the teacher had to use
special pens that were made for use on
overhead transparencies
▪ Inability to support the features that
more modern technology users require
▪ Do not allow for much student interaction
with a lesson nor do they offer the ability
to offer multimedia experiences within a
lesson
▪ Teachers are required to stay with the
device during teaching; therefore,
reducing teacher interaction with students

3. Emerging Technology: Interactive Whiteboard
▪ A large interactive board that is hung from
the wall and attached to a computer and
projector
▪ Increased student’s ability to interact with a
lesson because the students can manipulate
information that is on the screen
▪ Allows teachers to move around the room as
they teach which increases the teacher’s
ability to interact with the students
▪ Allows the teacher to incorporate more
effective multimedia instructional experiences
▪ Requires less mess due to not having to use
specialty ink pens or transparencies

4. Overhead Projector Tetrad
Enhances
* Allows larger groups to view images and
documents.
* Allows notes to be used over without rewriting
them.
* Allows teachers to display information and images
to a class quickly.
* Allows users to project slides or transparencies
onto a board, screen, or wall.
* Allows users to accommodate for different
learning styles and multiple intelligences
Reversal
* Systems that will project from
other devices.
* Projection devices that will not
require special pens or sheets
Obsoletes
* Reduces the amount of paper used for
photocopies
* Chalkboard
* Slide Projectors
Retrieval
* Movies and Filmstrips
* Opaque Projectors

5. Interactive Whiteboard Tetrad
Enhances
* Increased student’s ability to interact with a lesson
because the students can manipulate information
that is on the screen
* Allows teachers to move around the room as they
teach which increases the teacher’s ability to
interact with the students
* provide the teacher to incorporate more effective
multimedia instructional experiences
Obsoletes
* Overhead Projector
* DocumentCamera
Retrieval
*Whiteboards
* Flipcharts
*Video/media Systems
Reversal
* Holographic Images
* 3D Images

6. Decision Maker Interviews
Tammy Allison: Greenwood District 52
Technology Specialist
Interview Questions:
In your opinion, what factors do you believe
contribute to a school’s decision on what
emerging technology they are going to integrate
into the school?
In your opinion, what factors do believe
contributed to the school’s reasoning on
integrating the overhead projector?
In your opinion, what factors do believe
contributed to the school’s reasoning on
integrating Interactive Whiteboards?
What new technology do you believe would be
integrated in the school when the Interactive
Whiteboards become obsolete?

7. End User Interview
Tyler Larkins: Edgewood Middle School
Pre-Algebra/Algebra 1 Teacher Interview Questions:
Did you ever use an overhead projector?
Did you ever use an Interactive Whiteboard?
In your opinion, how does an overhead
projectors differ from interactive
whiteboards?
Would you prefer to use an overhead
projector or an interactive whiteboards?
Why?
In your opinion, why do you think we see less
use of overhead projectors?

8. Science Fiction
Science fiction provides a vehicle that allows innovators to
imagine and grow. Dr. Thornburg (Laureate Education, 2014i)
describes science fiction as the stories that trigger the
imaginations of investors.
Overhead Projector
This type of
technology was never
seen in movies before
it was invented.
Interactive Whiteboard
Science fiction movies were filled
with touch screen devices before
the interactive whiteboard was
invented. The Sci-fi movie Minority
Report (2002), introduced
touchscreen devices before they
emerged.

9. Disruptive Technologies
A disruptive technology is a technology that displaces another technology. Thornburg
(Laureate Education, 2014a) defines a disruptive technology as new technology with
the same functionality of an existing technology. The new technology functions more
efficiently, and will obsolete the previous technology.
Interactive whiteboards changed
the way teachers taught in
schools. They replaced the
overhead projectors that had
limited capability. This new and
exciting equipment changed the
ways that students were
presented information.

10. Increasing Returns
Increasing returns is when two technologies emerge at around
the same time and one drives the other to extinction.
Overhead Projector
There was not another technology
tool that emerged at the same time
of the overhead projector.
Interactive Whiteboard
Interactive whiteboards have
consistently driven out the use of
overhead projectors to the point that all
they do is gather dust on shelves in the
back of media center closets.

11. Red Queens
Red queens is when there is a competition between technologies and
one is left behind.
Overhead Projector
When the overhead projector
emerged into classrooms they
were in competition with slide
projectors.
Interactive Whiteboard
There is presently competition
between the interactive
whiteboard and the document
camera.

12. Future of Emerging Technology
I believe that there will soon be a projector that will allow for 3D and/or holographic
images to be projected into the classroom. According to Kelly Walsh (2012), holographic
technology is the next step in this evolution – the use of holographic telepresence to
bring digital participants and remote location into the class in 3D. This type of
technology is still many years in our future; therefore, the interactive whiteboard will
be around for at least 5-10 more years.
Holograms will allow teachers to model and demonstrate a strategy without having to be
in a classroom. Holograms will allow educators to bring their content to life. Holograms
will make the use for overhead projectors, whiteboards, chalkboards, filming projectors,
digital and video tape players obsolete. Holograms may eventually replace interactive
whiteboards. A three-dimensional presence can enhance the learner instructional
experience.

13. Holographic
Technology
Enhances
Allows experts and facilitators
the ability to illustrate processes
live, and in person. Allows
instructors to deliver lectures to
multiple classrooms, any where,
simultaneously. Allows experts
to deliver a new dimension to
instructional content.
Rekindle
Ability to rekindle
pedagogical
practices that
promote cognitive
learning
Obsoletes
Need to use overhead projectors,
whiteboards, chalkboards, filming
projectors, digital and video tape
players, and possibly interactive
whiteboards
Reversal
Ability for teachers
to promote teacher
to student discourse
Holographic Technology Tetrad

14. Summary
There is an expectation for leaders in educational technology to be aware of emerging
technologies.
Creating a tetrad shows how new technologies emerge and how other technologies
become obsolete. Dr. Thornburg (Laureate Education, 2014f) points out that creating a
tetrad supports practitioners in being aware of how new technologies incorporate
creative processes into everyday life.
New technologies support learners and facilitates learning. As a futurist, it is important
to be aware, explain, and be able to demonstrate the significance of using an emerging
technology.

15. References
Akanegbu, A. (2015).Vision of learning: a history of classroom projectors. Retrieved from,
http://www.edtechmagazine.com/k12/article/2013/02/vision-learning-history-classroom-projectors
Barton, M. (2015).The history of interactive whiteboards. Retrieved from,
http://www.ehow.com/facts_6976419_history-interactive-whiteboards.html
Ethos3. (2015). A brief history of the projector. Retrieved from, http://www.ethos3.com/2014/03/a-brief-history-of-
the-projector/
Kotler, J. (2012). Interactive whiteboards. Retrieved from, http://etec.ctlt.ubc.ca/510wiki/Interactive_Whiteboards
Laureate Education (Producer). (2014e). DavidThornburg: Increasing returns [Video file]. Baltimore, MD: Author.
Laureate Education (Producer). (2014g). DavidThornburg: Red queens [Video file]. Baltimore, MD: Author.
Laureate Education (Producer). (2014h). DavidThornburg: Rhymes of history [Video file]. Baltimore, MD: Author.
Laureate Education (Producer). (2014a). DavidThornburg: Disruptive technologies [Video file]. Baltimore, MD:
Author.
Laureate Education (Producer). (2014i). DavidThornburg: Science fiction [Video file]. Baltimore, MD: Author.
Orilio, R. (2013). Why appletv & ipad beats interactive whiteboard….every time. Retrieved from,
https://ryanorilio.wordpress.com/2013/01/20/why-appletv-an-ipad-beats-a-smartboard-everytime/
Walsh, K. (2012). 7 ways holographic technology will make learning more fun. Retrieved from,
http://www.emergingedtech.com/2012/11/7-ways-holographic-technology-will-make-learning-more-fun/