master of arts in industrial education

2. We need technology in every classroom
and in every student and teacher’s hand,
because it is the pen and paper of our
time, and it is the lens through which
we experience much of our world.
- David
Warlick

5. Edgar Dale theorized that learners retain more information by
what they “do” as opposed to what is “heard”, “read” or
“observed”.
His research led to the development of the Cone of Experience.
The Cone was originally developed in 1946 and was intended as
a way to describe various learning experiences.
The Cone shows the progression of experiences from the most
concrete (real)(at the bottom of the cone) to the most
abstract(theoretical)(at the top of the cone).

6. 0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1
Verbal symbols
Visual symbols
Still pictures, recordings,radio
Television and motionpictures
Exhibits
Studytrips
Demonstrations
Dramatized experience
Contrived experience
Direct purposefulexperience

7. COMPUTERS/LAPTOPS/MACBOOK
.

8. Computers/laptops/macbooks that we useto view, store, send, and receive
information, not only help with presenting lessons but also with
management and organization. computer will be used for preparing lesson
plans, completing grade book, checking email, preparing letters etc. The
computer also serves asthe main connector to all of your othertechnology.

9. Useof Computers
• Many online booksare available through whichwe canupdate
knowledge.
• EducationalCDcanbeplayed in computerto show students
• Helpsin Computeraided instruction.
• Computersin researchhelp with aid of educational toolssuchas SPSS-
Statisticalpackageof social sciences.
• PPTcanbemadefor teaching.
• Helpsin CAL
(Computerassistedlearning)
•DistanceLearningis
Possiblethrough PC.

10. • Distanceeducationis defined asplanned learning that occurs in different
place from teaching, requiring real time(synchronous) or delayed
(asynchronous) interactive technology and aneeding acourse design
supportive of students —(Escoflery,Miner & Alperin2003.)
MERITSOFDISTANCEEDUCATION
• Providing efficient training for targetgroups.
• Expanding the capacity for education in new subject andareas.
• Developing multiple competencies through recurrent andcontinuing
education.
• Improving the quality of existing educationalservices,
DEMERITSOFDISTANCEEDUCATION
• Thelearner is usually isolated from the tutorand other students.
• Thedistance learner hasdifficulties having accessto learning resources.

11. Approachesof DistanceEducation :-
• SynchronousApproach:Live lectures are delivered with help of
technologies.
• E.g.IGNOUlecturers are delivered through TVchannels like Gyan
Dharshan and INCis Conducting contact classesfor PhDnursing via
videoconferencing at six centers in India
• AsynchronousApproach-Recorded videos, Print materials etc. are
used.
• E.g.Most of the universities follow this system by sending text
materials, recorded multimedia materials to distant learner by post
or email.

12. ComputerAssistedInstruction (CAI)
CAIrefers to the useof the computer asatoolto
facilitate and improveinstruction.
Computerassistedlearning
• According to Leib 1982 CAL“Includes all
applications of the computer aid to the instructor in
instructional management without actually doing
the teaching.

13. Projected aids require
audiovisual equipment in order to be presented properly.
Most nonprojected aids may be adapted for useasproje cted
aids. A chart, for example, can be photographed and made
into aslide.
A projective aid is more effective than a non projected aid
since bright image on the screen easily secures the attention
of theaudience.

14. •Usedto display imagesonto ascreenor wall.
•It consists of a large box containing a cooling fan and an
extremely bright light, with a long arm extended above it. At the
end of the arm is a mirror that catches and redirects the light
towards the screen.
•This type of projector can be used to enlarge images onto the
screenor wall for audiencestoview.
•Transparencies can be placed onto the base to be viewed by both
the audience andthe speaker.

15. History
Overhead projectors were used during World War II
as a tool to train groups of servicemen. In the 1950s and
'60s, it crossed over into the classroom as an educational
tool, andthen into the businessworld asatrainingtool.
The projector is best used when the screen is
approximately 6 to 12 feet (about 2 to 4 meters) from the
projector.

17. Advantages of OverHeadProjector
It ispossible for the teacher to observe the reactionsof the students
There isno need of darkening the room for the appropriate visibility of the image
on the screen
Theprojection screencanbe very well utilized bythe teacher asablackboard
Liquid material can be made visible on the screen by placing a
transparent disccontainingthe liquidmaterial
Theoperational task of this projectoralsodoesn’t involve anydifficulty

18. ResolutionProblems
Costto ReplaceBulbs
Transportation
DisplayingMaterial
Outdated Technology
Sequenceof materials

19. Aslide isasmall piece of transparent material on
which
graphic
a single pictorial image or scene or
image has been photographed or
reproduced otherwise.

21. Advantages
• Easilyhandled, stored and re-arranged for varioususes.
• May be adapted to group or individualuse.
• Theyattract attention.
• Theyarouse interest.
• Theyassistin lesson development.
• Theytest students understanding.
• Theyhelp in reviewing instruction.
• Theyfacilitate student-teacher participation.

22. It is the combination of episcope and diascope
When it is used to project an opaque object
it works as episcope and when it is used to
project slides, then it serves as diascope.
A strong light from the lamp falls on the opaque
object. A plane mirror placed at an angle of 45 over
the object reflects the light so that it passes
through the projection lens forming a magnified
image on the screen.

23. Enlargedforms of images will be shown
Ability to directlyprojectthe non-transparentor opaque objects
Various types of useful material related to teaching contents may
be successfullypresented
Graphic and pictorial materials like pictures, charts,
maps, diagrams, timelines, cartoons, posters, graphs, etc.
All types of printedmaterial.
Handwritten material, drawing and sketches.
Stamps, coins, stone materials, remain of historical or
cultural interests, fossils, bones, etc.
Specimen of living and nonliving objects.
Models, dioramas, pieces of arts, figures, etc.

24. screen.
A slide projector is a specialized machine which
uses slides to project images onto a wall or
Slides are small transparencies mounted in
sturdy frames which are ideally suited to
mMannyifsicliadteionpraonjdecptroorjsecatrieondesigned to work with ccircular racks of
slides which can be rotated to allow a sequential projection of images
which may be automatic, or controlled with a button or remote
operated by the user.
The rack for slides is surrounded by a light source and focusing
lenses which ensure that the light passes through the slide
Slide projectors can
be adjusted to project
at a variety of
distances
slide projectors can
be difficult to work
with, especially in the
case of carousel
projectors
Part Use
Base unit Houses the motor and
moving parts
Lamp Illuminates the slide
Projector carousel Holds the slides
Remote control Advance, pause, or reverse
the slides
Power cord Provide power to the

25. An LCD projector is a type of video projector
for displaying video, images or computer data
on a screen or other flat surface.
LCD stands for liquid crystal display, the
technology used to project images.

26. Video signals are comprised of three colors: red, green, and
blue.
LCD projectors contain a separate glass panel for each.
Each panel consists of two plates of glass with a layer of
liquid crystal between them. When a charge is applied, the
crystals open to allow light through or close to block it. This
opening and closing of pixels is what forms the image.

27. These devices use dichroic mirrors to split the light from the
input source into red, green, and blue components. Each then
passes through the corresponding panel, where pixels form an
image. The three colours are then recombined in a prism before
being projected through a lens. LCD projectors use separate
panels for each colour because it results in better colour
saturation than using a single panel for all three.

28. Video
Webcasts and Webinars
Demonstrations
Lectures
LCD delivers better colour saturation than a DLP (Digital Light
Processing) projector.
LCD also delivers sharper image than DLP at any given
resolution.
LCD projectors have been around since the 1980s, and the
technology is more reliable than film projectors.
It is more light-efficient.
LCD projectors have no moving parts, as DLP projectors do, and
they are generally less expensive than their DLP counterparts.

29. They require maintenance, as pixels can burn out and dust
particles can interfere with image quality.
They also support setups in larger rooms where a greater
projection distance is needed, because they are compatible
with zoom lenses and lens shifts.

30. •To strengthen teachers skills in making teaching-learning process more
effective
•To attract and retain learners’ attention
•To generate interest across different levels of students
•To develop lesson plans that are simple and easy to follow
•To make class more interactive and interesting
•To focus on student-centered approach
•These help in developing perception
•These help in developing understanding. Its use enables the pupils to acquire
correct knowledge.
•These help in transfer of training
•These are helpful in acquiring knowledge and providing reinforcement
•These help in developing retention.

31. Importance of Audio Visual aids
Motivation
Principle ofactivity
Clarification
Meaningful experience
Discouragement tocramming
Increase in vocabulary
Efficiencyin teaching

32. PowerPoint– Power point which is commonly used now for educational
presentation hasaselection of transitions asafeature all of which are
borrowed from film and television editing techniques, character animation
within the frame, and overall dramatic structure are things that are taken
from film and television in particular for usein educational computers
application.

33. LCDProjectors
• LCDprojector is atype of video projector for displaying video images or
computer data on ascreen or other flat surface. LCDmeans “liquid crystal
display.
• Multimedia projectors, which are the compact devices that projectimages
in high resolution, are commonplace in many oftoday's classrooms.

34. EQUIPMENTSREQUIREDFORSMARTCLASS
.Solid Built house
• Sliding Door with Wooden material to protect Tablet Monitorand asLaptop Stand.
• Equippedwith LCDTablet Monitor with 19 inches or wider tablet monitor with
• 1920X1080resolution or more
• Standard Electronic Penfor writing on TabletMonitor.
• Trainer Laptop and slots to usealaptop.
• Mic
• Standard mouse
• Drawer for keeping material required fortrainer.
• 6” or Higher LCDControl Panel for Multi controller, interactive whiteboard, TV,
DVD,air
• Air conditioner, PC,projector, large-sized screenetc.
• Podium must be equipped withautomatic mixer, PowerAmplifier etc. which can
• support up to6 column line array speaker,4 wireless Microphone and 2 lapel
• Microphone.
• 6 Speakers
• Equipped with PCof internationally known brand like HP,IBM, Delletc
• Averagesizeclassroom should be there.
• Proper ventilation & lightingfacilities.

35. SMARTCLASS

36. • Smart classis defined asaclassin which various technologies are used to
enhance students learning.
• In asmart classthere will be computers, projectors, internetconnectivity
and other multimedia devices suchashome theater etc.
• Students canuse internet.

37. Smart boardsor interactive white boards
An interactive whiteboard is alarge display that connects to acomputer anda
projector. Theprojector projects the computer's desktop onto the board's
surface.

38. • Interactive white boards havevarious facilitiesto
draw, show video ,images, illustrations, maps,
graphs, gamesmanipulate in own way.

39. Advantagesof smart boards
• ProvidesFlexibility: Interactive whiteboards allow photos,
illustrations, maps, graphs, games,and video to bedisplayed.
• Enhancedteaching/learning experience
• Interact andshare
• Low-Maintenance: SMARTBoards are neat and easytouse
• Accessto online information &tools
• GoingGreen:Ecofriendly
• TechnologyIntegration
• Communication:Interactive whiteboards allow for connectivityin
different locations.

40. Non ProjectedAids
1. Graphic Aids - A graphic aid is a text feature that
helps the reader better understand the text
visually.
2. Graphics can be considered as the shorthand
language of the ideaspresented.
3. Good graphics should be simple, bold, legible,
brief and having adequatemargins.
4. These are non projectiveaids.

42. • Traditional teaching technology includes bothprojected
& non projected AVaids.
• Non-projected visualaids:
• ChalkBoard
• Flannel
• Flashcards
• Posters
• Charts
• Models
• Projected VisualAids:
• Overhead projector
• Slideprojector
• Television

43. Types of GraphicAids
•Graphic organizers are among the most popular
graphic aid used.
•Theycan be teacher created,as well as, found on
the internet.
•Videos are also another greatresource
•And finally,Smartboards
•These high-tech graphic aids provide students with
the opportunity to interact as a whole class or
individually with course content.

44. Achalkboard is areusable writing surface on which
text or drawings are made withchalk. Chalkboards
were originally made of smooth, thin sheets of
black or dark grey slatestone.

45. White boards
.

46. • It is also known asmarker board or dry-eraseboard.
• It is glossy,usually white surface fornonpermanent
markings.
• Whiteboards havesmoother surface allowing rapid
marking and erasing of markings on theirsurface.
• Thepopularity of whiteboards increased rapidlyin
the mid-1990s.

48. Purposes:
•Tovisualize an item, it is otherwise difficult to explain
only inwords.
•Tohighlight important points.
•To provide outline for materials covered in
presentation.
•Toshow continuity in process.
•Forcreating problems and stimulating thinking.
•Forshowing development of structure.

49. Flow chart
TreeChart
Stream Chart
Tabulation chart
Strip chart
Flip chart
PictorialChart
Pie Chart
Narrative chart
Thechain chart