Money market instruments
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This document compares money market instruments in India and internationally. It defines the money market and outlines key features like its non-geographical nature and focus on short-term debt. The major Indian instruments are discussed like commercial paper, certificates of deposit, and treasury bills. International instruments include similar products plus bonds. Key differences between the Indian and international money markets are that the international market is larger, has more government interference and risk, and incorporates multiple currencies versus just the Indian rupee. Euro bonds are also contrasted with Indian bonds in that Euro bonds are free from domestic rules/regulations and tailored to multinational investors.
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The document provides an overview of the money market. It defines the money market as the market for short-term, highly liquid debt instruments with maturities of one year or less, such as treasury bills, commercial paper, and certificates of deposit. These instruments are traded by phone between financial institutions, corporations, brokers, and dealers. The money market helps facilitate short-term borrowing and lending for participants. It consists of various sub-markets that collectively make up this important segment of the financial system.
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Derivatives are financial instruments whose value is derived from an underlying asset such as commodities, currencies, bonds or stocks. Forwards and futures are types of derivatives that allow parties to lock in prices for assets that will be delivered or settled for in the future. Forwards are private, bilateral contracts while futures are standardized contracts traded on an exchange with clearing houses that act as intermediaries, reducing counterparty risk. Key differences between forwards and futures include their level of standardization, margin requirements, market liquidity and mode of delivery or settlement.
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Valuation of securities
* Risk free rate (Rf) = 3%
* Expected market return (Rm) = 9%
* Beta (β) of RIL = 1.9
* Risk premium (Rm - Rf) = 9% - 3% = 6%
* Using the CAPM formula:
Ki = Rf + β(Rm - Rf)
= 3% + 1.9(6%)
= 3% + 11.4%
= 14.4%
Therefore, according to the CAPM, the expected rate of return for RIL shares is 14.4%
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The document provides an overview of the money market, including:
1. The money market is where short-term financial instruments like treasury bills, commercial paper, and bankers' acceptances are traded between financial institutions.
2. It serves several important functions such as providing short-term capital for businesses and government, allowing banks to invest surplus funds, and enabling effective monetary policy implementation.
3. Common money market instruments include treasury bills, government securities, and repurchase agreements (repos). Repos allow banks to lend cash while taking securities as collateral, reducing counterparty risk.
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The document defines and describes the money market. It notes that the money market deals in short-term lending and borrowing of funds with high liquidity and very short maturities (less than 1 year). The money market comprises various submarkets like the call money market, acceptance market, discount market, and bill market. Some of the main instruments of the money market discussed include treasury bills, certificates of deposit, commercial papers, commercial bills, repos, banker's acceptances, and call money.
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A forward contract is a customized agreement between two parties to buy or sell an asset at a predetermined future date and price, with no upfront payment required. It is used primarily for hedging and has counterparty risk.
A futures contract is a standardized agreement traded on a futures exchange to buy or sell an underlying asset at a predetermined future date and price, with an initial margin payment required. It is used more for speculation and has low counterparty risk due to clearing house guarantees.
The key differences are that forward contracts are customized over-the-counter agreements while futures contracts are standardized exchange-traded agreements, with futures requiring an initial margin and having a clearing house to reduce counterparty risk.
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This document provides an overview of the Indian capital market. It defines capital markets as markets for trading long-term financial securities, where individuals and institutions can buy and sell debt and equity instruments. The capital market has a primary market for new security issuances and a secondary market for trading existing securities. It discusses the key participants in the market - issuers who raise capital, investors who provide capital, and intermediaries who facilitate transactions. The document also outlines the roles and functions of the capital market in facilitating capital formation, savings mobilization, and economic growth.
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Subscribe to Vision Academy for Video assistance
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCjzpit_cXjdnzER_165mIiw
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Portfolio performance measures should be a key aspect of the investment decision process. These tools provide the necessary information for investors to assess how effectively their money has been invested (or may be invested). Remember, portfolio returns are only part of the story. Without evaluating risk-adjusted returns, an investor cannot possibly see the whole investment picture, which may inadvertently lead to clouded investment decisions.
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This document provides an overview of international finance. It defines international finance as the study of monetary interactions between countries, focusing on areas like foreign direct investment and currency exchange rates. The key features discussed are that international finance affects economic and monetary systems across borders, and involves major players like multinational corporations. It also involves methods of financing international business and foreign trade. Challenges in international finance mentioned include varied economic systems between countries, tariffs, political risks, and cultural/language differences. The document also discusses dumping, where a company sells goods at a high price domestically but a low price internationally, and anti-dumping measures countries employ in response.
Indian money market
The document provides an overview of the Indian money market, including its history, structure, instruments, and benefits. It discusses key money market instruments like treasury bills, commercial paper, commercial bills, certificates of deposit, and repurchase agreements. These short-term instruments can be bought directly from issuers or through stock exchanges and banks. The money market provides liquidity to banks and companies while offering safety and returns to investors.
Valuation of securities
* Risk free rate (Rf) = 3%
* Expected market return (Rm) = 9%
* Beta (β) of RIL = 1.9
* Risk premium (Rm - Rf) = 9% - 3% = 6%
* Using the CAPM formula:
Ki = Rf + β(Rm - Rf)
= 3% + 1.9(6%)
= 3% + 11.4%
= 14.4%
Therefore, according to the CAPM, the expected rate of return for RIL shares is 14.4%
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Factor Affecting exchange rate and Theories of exchange rate
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International banking involves banks conducting financial transactions that cross national borders. It provides services like trade financing, foreign exchange, and investment banking to clients engaged in international business. There are various types of international banking offices including correspondent banks, foreign branches, and offshore banking centers. Major reasons for international banking include gaining access to new markets for growth, taking advantage of regulatory differences between countries, and following multinational clients abroad. The largest risks international banks face come from currency fluctuations, issues in foreign economies, and credit risks from international loans.
Money Market Ppt
The document discusses key aspects of money markets including definitions, features, objectives, composition, instruments and structure. It describes money markets as a mechanism for short-term lending and borrowing of less than one year. The key components are commercial banks, acceptance houses and non-banking financial companies. Common instruments include treasury bills, commercial papers, certificates of deposit, repurchase agreements and money market mutual funds. The structure includes organized sectors like the Reserve Bank of India and commercial banks as well as unorganized sectors like money lenders and cooperative banks. Recent developments have integrated the unorganized sector and introduced innovative instruments.
Foreign Exchange Market
Axis Ltd, a European company, hedges against adverse currency movements by entering forward exchange contracts after the euro plunges against the dollar, causing lost revenues from prices set in euros. The foreign exchange market allows conversion of one currency to another and helps reduce risk through tools like forward exchange rates, currency swaps, and hedging. Exchange rates are determined by demand and supply of currencies as well as theories including purchasing power parity and interest rate differentials.
Foreign Exchange Market
The document provides an overview of the foreign exchange market and the Reserve Bank of India's (RBI) role in managing it. It discusses the basic concepts and participants in the FX market. It describes the historical evolution from a fixed exchange rate regime to a more liberalized and market-based system. It also outlines the RBI's tools for intervening in the interbank market to influence exchange rates and maintain stability, including through moral suasion, relaxing exposure limits, and direct buying and selling of currencies.
Cash management
1. Management of cash involves preparing cash budgets to forecast cash inflows and outflows. This helps control cash levels and ensure adequate funds are available.
2. Techniques to control cash inflows include concentration banking and lockbox systems which speed up collection of receipts. Controlling outflows aims to delay payments as much as possible.
3. Surplus cash beyond normal requirements can be invested optimally using models like Baumol and Miller-Orr that balance carrying costs of holding cash versus transaction costs of converting investments to cash.
Cash management
This document discusses the management of cash. It begins by defining cash and its importance as the most liquid asset. It then discusses determining the optimal cash balance, collecting cash efficiently from receivables, and disbursing cash payments in a timely manner. The document outlines various motives for holding cash like transaction, precautionary and speculative motives. It also discusses objectives of cash management like maintaining an optimal cash balance.
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Money market
This document provides an overview of the Indian money market, including its meaning, key features, instruments, and recent developments. It discusses the structure and components of the Indian money market, such as the call money market, commercial bills market, acceptance market, and treasury bill market. It also outlines some features and deficiencies of the Indian money market, such as the existence of unorganized sectors, absence of integration, and limited instruments. Recent developments that have helped strengthen the Indian money market are also summarized, such as the integration of organized and unorganized sectors, introduction of new instruments, and establishment of organizations to support the market.
Money market instruments
This document discusses various money market instruments in India. It describes short term government securities, money market transactions between banks including call money and repos, treasury bills issued by the government for maturities up to 1 year, certificates of deposit which are negotiable time deposits offered by banks, commercial bills which are short term negotiable instruments used in trade financing, commercial paper which are short term debt instruments issued by large corporations, and repurchase agreements which are short term collateralized loans of securities between parties. These instruments allow for raising and parking of short term surplus funds between financial institutions and corporations.
MONEY MARKET
A market for short terms financial assets that are close substitute for money, facilitates the exchange of money in primary and secondary market
Gr xii-bs-ch-10-s1
The document discusses financial markets and money market instruments. It defines a financial market as a market for creating and exchanging financial assets. It also defines the money market as a market for short-term funds dealing in monetary assets with maturity of less than one year. Some key money market instruments discussed include treasury bills, commercial paper, certificates of deposit, and commercial bills.
Call Money Market
This document provides an overview of the money market and capital market in India. It discusses the history and development of the money market in India from 1935 when the RBI was established through various committees and reforms. It describes key segments of the money market like the call money market, certificate of deposits, commercial paper market. It also compares organized and unorganized money markets. Similarly, for capital markets it discusses the regulator SEBI, functions, instruments, structure comparing primary and secondary markets and methods to float new issues.
Financial markets
This document discusses financial markets and money markets. It defines financial markets as where financial assets are created or transferred, and classifies them as primary markets, secondary markets, money markets, and capital markets. Money markets deal in short term instruments of less than 1 year, like treasury bills and commercial paper, while capital markets involve longer term instruments. The document then focuses on call money markets, where banks trade surplus funds of 1-15 days. It describes treasury bills and commercial paper as important money market instruments, including details of their issuance and participants in call money markets.
Indian financial instruments
There are three main types of financial instruments in India: money market instruments, capital market instruments, and hybrid instruments. Money market instruments include treasury bills, commercial papers, certificates of deposit, and call/notice money, which are used for short-term borrowing and lending of up to one year. Capital market instruments such as equity shares, preference shares, debentures, and bonds are used for long-term borrowing and lending of over one year. Hybrid instruments blend characteristics of equity and debt instruments, with features like convertible debentures that can be converted into equity shares.
Money market-
The document provides an overview of India's money market, including the key participants, products, and processes. It defines the money market as a short-term market for assets that are close substitutes for cash, usually with maturities of less than one year. The major products discussed include certificate of deposits, commercial paper, treasury bills, call money, and government securities. The key participants outlined are the Reserve Bank of India, commercial banks, primary dealers, and eligible corporate entities.
Financial system markets
The document describes the evolution and components of the Indian financial system. It discusses how the system evolved from underdeveloped economies with low incomes and no financial intermediaries, to higher incomes with the birth of intermediaries like banks and mutual funds. The current system includes formal institutions regulated by entities like RBI and SEBI, as well as informal local markets. Key components of the system described include banking, insurance, capital markets, money markets, and various financial instruments and their roles in facilitating funds flow. Regulators like SEBI and their roles in developing, regulating and protecting the securities market are also summarized.
Mfis ppt
The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) is the central bank of India that monitors and implements monetary policy. It acts as a banker to the government and other banks, manages government securities, controls money supply and credit in the economy, regulates foreign exchange, and publishes important economic data. RBI also plays a promotional role in developing the banking and financial system.
MONEY MARKET
This PPT prepared by Teacher Educator from Thiagarajar College of Preceptors Madurai for B.Ed Trainees.
Money Market Nd Forex Market
The document provides an overview of the Indian money market and foreign exchange market. It defines the money market as a market for short-term assets that are close substitutes for money with maturities of less than one year. It discusses the key players and instruments in the money market like certificates of deposit, commercial paper, repurchase agreements, call money, and treasury bills. It also provides an overview of the foreign exchange market, discussing participants, exchange rates, and reasons for trading in forex markets.
Money Market
Money market basically refers to a section of the financial market where financial instruments with high liquidity and short-term maturities are traded. Money market has become a component of the financial market for buying and selling of securities of short-term maturities, of one year or less, such as treasury bills and commercial papers.
092 money market by kanupriya
The document discusses the Indian money market, including its characteristics, significance, structure, defects, and suggestions for improvement. The money market deals with short-term lending and borrowing of funds with maturities of less than one year. It discusses the various components of the money market like the call money market, bill market, and acceptance market. The document also outlines defects in the Indian money market like an underdeveloped banking system and lack of coordination, and provides suggestions to address them like developing new financial technologies and reducing interest rate variations.
Financial markets
The document discusses the macro economic environment and financial markets in India. It describes the money market and its components like call money, treasury bills, commercial bills, and commercial paper. It also discusses the organized and unorganized segments of the money market. The capital market is described along with the gilt-edged market and corporate securities market. Reforms to strengthen the capital market are also summarized.
Indian financial markets module 1.pptx
The document provides information about various aspects of financial markets in India, including money markets, capital markets, and the instruments that trade within them. It discusses short-term money market instruments like treasury bills, commercial paper, certificates of deposit, and various types of markets like the call money market, commercial bill market, gilt-edged security markets, and capital markets. It also covers the key features and functions of instruments like treasury bills, certificates of deposit, and how the commercial bill market works. Overall, the document offers a comprehensive overview of the different segments of India's financial system and the short-term and long-term debt instruments that are commonly traded within each.
Money Market
The document discusses the money market, which provides short-term borrowing and lending between financial institutions, corporations, and governments. It describes the key functions of the money market in providing liquidity and facilitating monetary policy. Some of the main features highlighted include transactions occurring without brokers between players like banks for maturities under one year. Common money market instruments explained are treasury bills, commercial paper, certificates of deposit, call money, banker's acceptances, and repurchase agreements.
Money market
This document provides an overview of the money market in India. It defines the money market as a market for short-term financial assets that act as close substitutes for money. The money market consists of various sub-markets including the call money market, commercial bill market, acceptance market, and treasury bill market. These sub-markets facilitate short-term lending and borrowing of up to one year. The document also outlines the key features and constituents of the money market as well as the role of the Reserve Bank of India in regulating this market.
CAP MKT (2) (1).pptx
This document provides an overview of the Indian financial system, including its key components and markets. It discusses the organized financial system which includes financial institutions, markets, and instruments. It describes the money market and its short-term instruments, as well as the capital market and its various long-term instruments such as stocks, bonds, and depository receipts. It also discusses the roles and functions of the financial system and key regulatory bodies like SEBI which regulates financial markets and protects investors.
Call money and certificate of deposit
Call money is money loaned by banks that must be repaid on demand without a fixed schedule. It is used by brokerages as short-term funding to maintain margin accounts. The funds can move quickly between lenders and brokerages.
Certificates of deposit are short-term deposit instruments issued by banks and financial institutions to raise large amounts of money. They have a minimum maturity of 7 days and maximum of 12 months. CDs offer liquidity as they are transferable and allow holders to resell before maturity. They provide banks a way to raise resources and improve lending capacity.
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What's a worker’s market? Job quality and labour market tightness
What's a worker’s market? Job quality and labour market tightnessLabour Market Information Council | Conseil de l’information sur le marché du travail
In a tight labour market, job-seekers gain bargaining power and leverage it into greater job quality—at least, that’s the conventional wisdom.
Michael, LMIC Economist, presented findings that reveal a weakened relationship between labour market tightness and job quality indicators following the pandemic. Labour market tightness coincided with growth in real wages for only a portion of workers: those in low-wage jobs requiring little education. Several factors—including labour market composition, worker and employer behaviour, and labour market practices—have contributed to the absence of worker benefits. These will be investigated further in future work.一比一原版(cwu毕业证书)美国中央华盛顿大学毕业证如何办理
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Fabular Frames and the Four Ratio Problem
Digital, interactive art showing the struggle of a society in providing for its present population while also saving planetary resources for future generations. Spread across several frames, the art is actually the rendering of real and speculative data. The stereographic projections change shape in response to prompts and provocations. Visitors interact with the model through speculative statements about how to increase savings across communities, regions, ecosystems and environments. Their fabulations combined with random noise, i.e. factors beyond control, have a dramatic effect on the societal transition. Things get better. Things get worse. The aim is to give visitors a new grasp and feel of the ongoing struggles in democracies around the world.
Stunning art in the small multiples format brings out the spatiotemporal nature of societal transitions, against backdrop issues such as energy, housing, waste, farmland and forest. In each frame we see hopeful and frightful interplays between spending and saving. Problems emerge when one of the two parts of the existential anaglyph rapidly shrinks like Arctic ice, as factors cross thresholds. Ecological wealth and intergenerational equity areFour at stake. Not enough spending could mean economic stress, social unrest and political conflict. Not enough saving and there will be climate breakdown and ‘bankruptcy’. So where does speculative design start and the gambling and betting end? Behind each fabular frame is a four ratio problem. Each ratio reflects the level of sacrifice and self-restraint a society is willing to accept, against promises of prosperity and freedom. Some values seem to stabilise a frame while others cause collapse. Get the ratios right and we can have it all. Get them wrong and things get more desperate.
Ending stagnation: How to boost prosperity across Scotland
A toxic combination of 15 years of low growth, and four decades of high inequality, has left Britain poorer and falling behind its peers. Productivity growth is weak and public investment is low, while wages today are no higher than they were before the financial crisis. Britain needs a new economic strategy to lift itself out of stagnation.
Scotland is in many ways a microcosm of this challenge. It has become a hub for creative industries, is home to several world-class universities and a thriving community of businesses – strengths that need to be harness and leveraged. But it also has high levels of deprivation, with homelessness reaching a record high and nearly half a million people living in very deep poverty last year. Scotland won’t be truly thriving unless it finds ways to ensure that all its inhabitants benefit from growth and investment. This is the central challenge facing policy makers both in Holyrood and Westminster.
What should a new national economic strategy for Scotland include? What would the pursuit of stronger economic growth mean for local, national and UK-wide policy makers? How will economic change affect the jobs we do, the places we live and the businesses we work for? And what are the prospects for cities like Glasgow, and nations like Scotland, in rising to these challenges?
Independent Study - College of Wooster Research (2023-2024) FDI, Culture, Glo...
Independent Study - College of Wooster Research (2023-2024) FDI, Culture, Glo...AntoniaOwensDetwiler
"Does Foreign Direct Investment Negatively Affect Preservation of Culture in the Global South? Case Studies in Thailand and Cambodia."
Do elements of globalization, such as Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), negatively affect the ability of countries in the Global South to preserve their culture? This research aims to answer this question by employing a cross-sectional comparative case study analysis utilizing methods of difference. Thailand and Cambodia are compared as they are in the same region and have a similar culture. The metric of difference between Thailand and Cambodia is their ability to preserve their culture. This ability is operationalized by their respective attitudes towards FDI; Thailand imposes stringent regulations and limitations on FDI while Cambodia does not hesitate to accept most FDI and imposes fewer limitations. The evidence from this study suggests that FDI from globally influential countries with high gross domestic products (GDPs) (e.g. China, U.S.) challenges the ability of countries with lower GDPs (e.g. Cambodia) to protect their culture. Furthermore, the ability, or lack thereof, of the receiving countries to protect their culture is amplified by the existence and implementation of restrictive FDI policies imposed by their governments.
My study abroad in Bali, Indonesia, inspired this research topic as I noticed how globalization is changing the culture of its people. I learned their language and way of life which helped me understand the beauty and importance of cultural preservation. I believe we could all benefit from learning new perspectives as they could help us ideate solutions to contemporary issues and empathize with others.Seeman_Fiintouch_LLP_Newsletter_Jun_2024.pdf
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03. Inspiration investment story
一比一原版美国新罕布什尔大学(unh)毕业证学历认证真实可查
永久可查学历认证【微信：A575476】【美国新罕布什尔大学(unh)毕业证成绩单Offer】【微信：A575476】（留信学历认证永久存档查询）采用学校原版纸张、特殊工艺完全按照原版一比一制作（包括：隐形水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠，文字图案浮雕，激光镭射，紫外荧光，温感，复印防伪）行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备，十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，业务范围有加拿大、英国、澳洲、韩国、美国、新加坡，新西兰等学历材料，包您满意。
【业务选择办理准则】
一、工作未确定，回国需先给父母、亲戚朋友看下文凭的情况，办理一份就读学校的毕业证【微信：A575476】文凭即可
二、回国进私企、外企、自己做生意的情况，这些单位是不查询毕业证真伪的，而且国内没有渠道去查询国外文凭的真假，也不需要提供真实教育部认证。鉴于此，办理一份毕业证【微信：A575476】即可
三、进国企，银行，事业单位，考公务员等等，这些单位是必需要提供真实教育部认证的，办理教育部认证所需资料众多且烦琐，所有材料您都必须提供原件，我们凭借丰富的经验，快捷的绿色通道帮您快速整合材料，让您少走弯路。
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
→ 【关于价格问题（保证一手价格）
我们所定的价格是非常合理的，而且我们现在做得单子大多数都是代理和回头客户介绍的所以一般现在有新的单子 我给客户的都是第一手的代理价格，因为我想坦诚对待大家 不想跟大家在价格方面浪费时间
对于老客户或者被老客户介绍过来的朋友，我们都会适当给一些优惠。
选择实体注册公司办理，更放心，更安全！我们的承诺：可来公司面谈，可签订合同，会陪同客户一起到教育部认证窗口递交认证材料，客户在教育部官方认证查询网站查询到认证通过结果后付款，不成功不收费！
Exploring-Madhya-Pradesh-Culture-Heritage-and-Land-Records.pptx
Madhya Pradesh, the "Heart of India," boasts a rich tapestry of culture and heritage, from ancient dynasties to modern developments. Explore its land records, historical landmarks, and vibrant traditions. From agricultural expanses to urban growth, Madhya Pradesh offers a unique blend of the ancient and modern.
The state of welfare Resolution Foundation Event
How has Britain’s safety net changed since 2010 and what comes next?
真实可查(nwu毕业证书)美国西北大学毕业证学位证书范本原版一模一样
原版定制【微信:bwp0011】《(nwu毕业证书)美国西北大学毕业证学位证书》【微信:bwp0011】成绩单 、雅思、外壳、留信学历认证永久存档查询，采用学校原版纸张、特殊工艺完全按照原版一比一制作（包括：隐形水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠，文字图案浮雕，激光镭射，紫外荧光，温感，复印防伪）行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备，十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，业务范围有加拿大、英国、澳洲、韩国、美国、新加坡，新西兰等学历材料，包您满意。
【业务选择办理准则】
一、工作未确定，回国需先给父母、亲戚朋友看下文凭的情况，办理一份就读学校的毕业证【微信bwp0011】文凭即可
二、回国进私企、外企、自己做生意的情况，这些单位是不查询毕业证真伪的，而且国内没有渠道去查询国外文凭的真假，也不需要提供真实教育部认证。鉴于此，办理一份毕业证【微信bwp0011】即可
三、进国企，银行，事业单位，考公务员等等，这些单位是必需要提供真实教育部认证的，办理教育部认证所需资料众多且烦琐，所有材料您都必须提供原件，我们凭借丰富的经验，快捷的绿色通道帮您快速整合材料，让您少走弯路。
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
【关于价格问题（保证一手价格）】
我们所定的价格是非常合理的，而且我们现在做得单子大多数都是代理和回头客户介绍的所以一般现在有新的单子 我给客户的都是第一手的代理价格，因为我想坦诚对待大家 不想跟大家在价格方面浪费时间
对于老客户或者被老客户介绍过来的朋友，我们都会适当给一些优惠。
The Impact of Generative AI and 4th Industrial Revolution
This infographic explores the transformative power of Generative AI, a key driver of the 4th Industrial Revolution. Discover how Generative AI is revolutionizing industries, accelerating innovation, and shaping the future of work.
一比一原版宾夕法尼亚大学毕业证(UPenn毕业证书)学历如何办理
挂科购买【微信号:176555708】【挂科购买(UPenn毕业证书)】【微信号:176555708】《成绩单、外壳、offer、真实留信官方学历认证（永久存档/真实可查）》采用学校原版纸张、特殊工艺完全按照原版一比一制作（包括：隐形水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠，文字图案浮雕，激光镭射，紫外荧光，温感，复印防伪）行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备，十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，业务范围有加拿大、英国、澳洲、韩国、美国、新加坡，新西兰等学历材料，包您满意。
【我们承诺采用的是学校原版纸张（纸质、底色、纹路）我们拥有全套进口原装设备，特殊工艺都是采用不同机器制作，仿真度基本可以达到100%，所有工艺效果都可提前给客户展示，不满意可以根据客户要求进行调整，直到满意为止！】
【业务选择办理准则】
一、工作未确定，回国需先给父母、亲戚朋友看下文凭的情况，办理一份就读学校的毕业证【微信号:176555708】文凭即可
二、回国进私企、外企、自己做生意的情况，这些单位是不查询毕业证真伪的，而且国内没有渠道去查询国外文凭的真假，也不需要提供真实教育部认证。鉴于此，办理一份毕业证【微信号:176555708】即可
三、进国企，银行，事业单位，考公务员等等，这些单位是必需要提供真实教育部认证的，办理教育部认证所需资料众多且烦琐，所有材料您都必须提供原件，我们凭借丰富的经验，快捷的绿色通道帮您快速整合材料，让您少走弯路。
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
留信网服务项目：
1、留学生专业人才库服务（留信分析）
2、国（境）学习人员提供就业推荐信服务
3、留学人员区块链存储服务
【关于价格问题（保证一手价格）】
我们所定的价格是非常合理的，而且我们现在做得单子大多数都是代理和回头客户介绍的所以一般现在有新的单子 我给客户的都是第一手的代理价格，因为我想坦诚对待大家 不想跟大家在价格方面浪费时间
对于老客户或者被老客户介绍过来的朋友，我们都会适当给一些优惠。
选择实体注册公司办理，更放心，更安全！我们的承诺：客户在留信官方认证查询网站查询到认证通过结果后付款，不成功不收费！
快速办理(RWTH毕业证书)德国亚琛工业大学毕业证录取通知书一模一样
原件一模一样【微信：bwp0011】《(RWTH毕业证书)德国亚琛工业大学毕业证》【微信：bwp0011】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问微bwp0011
【主营项目】
一.毕业证【微bwp0011】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【微bwp0011】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
Independent Study - College of Wooster Research (2023-2024)
"Does Foreign Direct Investment Negatively Affect Preservation of Culture in the Global South? Case Studies in Thailand and Cambodia."
Do elements of globalization, such as Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), negatively affect the ability of countries in the Global South to preserve their culture? This research aims to answer this question by employing a cross-sectional comparative case study analysis utilizing methods of difference. Thailand and Cambodia are compared as they are in the same region and have a similar culture. The metric of difference between Thailand and Cambodia is their ability to preserve their culture. This ability is operationalized by their respective attitudes towards FDI; Thailand imposes stringent regulations and limitations on FDI while Cambodia does not hesitate to accept most FDI and imposes fewer limitations. The evidence from this study suggests that FDI from globally influential countries with high gross domestic products (GDPs) (e.g. China, U.S.) challenges the ability of countries with lower GDPs (e.g. Cambodia) to protect their culture. Furthermore, the ability, or lack thereof, of the receiving countries to protect their culture is amplified by the existence and implementation of restrictive FDI policies imposed by their governments.
My study abroad in Bali, Indonesia, inspired this research topic as I noticed how globalization is changing the culture of its people. I learned their language and way of life which helped me understand the beauty and importance of cultural preservation. I believe we could all benefit from learning new perspectives as they could help us ideate solutions to contemporary issues and empathize with others.
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Money market instruments
- 1. COMPARISON BETWEEN INDIAN ANDINTERNATIONAL MONEY MARKET INSTRUMENTS BY RENJU RAJU MBA 4TH SEMESTER
- 2. MONEY MARKET • Money Market is a market for borrowing and lending short term funds. • Money market instruments are those instruments, which have a maturity period of less than one year. • The major players in the money market are RBI, Discount and Finance House of India (DFHI), Banks, Financial Institutions , Mutual Funds , Government and Big Corporate Houses.
- 3. DEFINITION RBI defines money market as “ a market for short term financial assets that are close substitute for money, and facilitates the exchange of money in primary and secondary market ”
- 4. FEATURES OF MONEY MARKET • No geographical constraints • Wholesale market for short term debt instruments • Money or monetary assets • Market purely for short term funds • It is not a single homogeneous market • No fixed place • Transactions can be conducted with or without the help of brokers
- 5. STRUCTURE OF INDIAN MONEY MARKET
- 6. MONEY MARKET INSTRUMENTS Money market instruments facilitate transfer of large sum of money quickly and at low cost from one economic unit to another for relatively shorter period of time. The maturity period of these instruments may vary from one day to one year.
- 7. IMPORTANT MONEY MARKET INSTRUMENTS • Commercial Paper (CPs) • Certificate Of Deposits (CDs) • Treasury Bills (T-BILLs) • Inter-bank Participation Certificate (IBPCs) • Commercial Bills (CBs) • Call Money • Repurchase Agreement (REPOs) • Inter – Corporate Deposits (ICDs) • Collateralized Borrowing And Lending Obligations (CBLO)
- 8. INTERNATIONAL MONEY MARKET INSTRUMENTS • Treasury Bills • Commercial Paper • Banker Acceptances • Repurchase Agreements • Foreign bonds & euro bonds • Global bonds • Straight bonds • Floating rate notes • Convertible bonds • Cocktail bonds • ADR • GDR
- 9. DIFFERENCES BETWEEN INDIAN AND INTERNATIONAL MONEY MARKET BASIS FOR COMPARISON INDIAN MONEY MARKET INTERNATIONAL MONEY MARKET Area served Small Large Government Interference Less Comparatively high Risk factor Low high Currency Indian rupees dollar or any other currency Legal formalities less more
- 10. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN INDIAN BOND AND EURO BOND INDIAN BOND • Bond issued by Indian company • underwritten by the underwriters in India EURO BOND • But in case of euro bonds they are dominated in currency other than the currency of the country where the bonds are issued • Euro bonds underwritten by the underwriters of multi nationality
- 11. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN INDIAN BOND AND EURO BOND INDIAN BOND • Indian bonds subjected to governmental rules and regulations in India • Indian bonds is determined keeping in mind the investors of India. EURO BOND • Euro bonds are free from rules and regulations. • Euro bond are tailored to the needs of the multinational investors.