Academic libraries have had to redesign their physical spaces due to technological advancements. There are three common paradigms for library space planning: reader-centered, which devotes space to connecting with books; book-centered, which devotes most space to books and materials; and learning-centered, which focuses on educating users. Information commons provide technology and staff assistance for accessing digital information and have replaced traditional library spaces on many campuses. The athenaeum model is less service-oriented than the information commons and focuses more on engagement in scholarship. Studies have found physical study spaces like rooms and carrels are consistently popular, and that physical space is desired more for group collaboration over virtual space.