The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Molar uprighting /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental academy Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
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1ST, 2ND AND 3RD ORDER BENDS IN STANDARD EDGEWISE APPLIANCE SYSTEM /Fixed ort...Indian dental academy
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental professionals
who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic Dentistry,
Periodontics and General Dentistry.
Description :
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Molar uprighting /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental academy Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
1ST, 2ND AND 3RD ORDER BENDS IN STANDARD EDGEWISE APPLIANCE SYSTEM /Fixed ort...Indian dental academy
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental professionals
who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic Dentistry,
Periodontics and General Dentistry.
Description :
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Introduction
History
Indications and contraindications
Timing of distalization
Second molar extraction
Mandibular molar distalization
Rickett’s criterion
Classification and various distalization appliances
References
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
COGS analysis (Cephelometrics for orthognathic surgery) / fixed orthodontics ...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Model analysis in orthodontics /certified fixed orthodontic courses by India...Indian dental academy
Welcome to Indian Dental Academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy has a unique training program & curriculum that provides students with exceptional clinical skills and enabling them to return to their office with high level confidence and start treating patients
Introduction
History
Indications and contraindications
Timing of distalization
Second molar extraction
Mandibular molar distalization
Rickett’s criterion
Classification and various distalization appliances
References
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
COGS analysis (Cephelometrics for orthognathic surgery) / fixed orthodontics ...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Model analysis in orthodontics /certified fixed orthodontic courses by India...Indian dental academy
Welcome to Indian Dental Academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy has a unique training program & curriculum that provides students with exceptional clinical skills and enabling them to return to their office with high level confidence and start treating patients
Space analysis /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental academy Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Study casts are considered an essential diagnostic aid
in diagnosis and treatment planning.Most of the information obtained by a careful study of the plaster casts serve to delineate more sharply and corroborate the observations made during the oral examinationn
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Modelanalysis /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental academy Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Opportunity for Dentists (BDS/MDS )to relocate to United kingdom -Register as a DENTAL HYGIENIST/ DENTAL THERAPIST without Board exams and after approval you can register in GDC as a DH/DT and start working as a DH/DT Immediately and get paid.
You can complete the whole process in 3-4 months.Salary range for DH/DT is around 2500-3500 Pounds per month.
Eligibility / requirements-
1. An International English Language Testing System (IELTS) certificate
at the appropriate level.(Within 2 yrs of application date )
2: A recent primary dental qualification that has been taught and examined in English..(Within 2 yrs of application date )
3: A recent pass in a language test for registration with a regulatory authority in a country where the first language is English.
If you are interested Please contact us for more details.
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
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Dear Doctor,
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The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Cytotoxicity of silicone materials used in maxillofacial prosthesis / dental ...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Diagnosis and treatment planning in completely endntulous arches/dental coursesIndian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
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Properties of Denture base materials /rotary endodontic coursesIndian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
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Use of modified tooth forms in complete denture occlusion / dental implant...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
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The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
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Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
The French Revolution Class 9 Study Material pdf free download
Model analysis final (2)
1. MODEL ANALYSIS
• MODEL ANALYSIS IS THE STUDY OF MAXILLARY
& MADIBULAR DENTAL ARCHES IN ALLTHREE
PLANES OF SPACE (SAGITTAL, VERTICAL,
TRANSVERSE PLANES ) USING STUDY MODELS &
RADIOGRAPHS WHICH IS A VALUABLE TOOL IN
ORTHODONTIC DIAGNOSIS&TREATMENT
PLANNING
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2. DIFFERENT IMPORTANT ANALYSIS ARE AS
FOLLOWS
• TOOTH SIZE-ARCH WIDTH DISCREPANCY
• PONT’S ANALYSIS.
• LINDERHARTH ANALYSIS
• KORKHAUS ANALYSIS
• ASLEY–HOWE ANALYSIS
• ETC .
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3. TOOTH SIZE-ARCH LENGTH DISCREPENCY
• ARCH-PERIMETER ANALYSIS
• NANCE-CAREY’S ANALYSIS
• IRREGULAR INDEX
• REE’S ANALYSIS.
• DIAGNOSTIC SET UP
• LAARRY WHITE ANALYSIS
• SANIN & SAVARA ANALYSIS
• TOTAL SPACE ANALYSIS
• CONVENTIONAL METHOD
• TWEED METHOD
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4. MIXED- DENTION ANALYSIS
(Estimating the size of unerupted teeth)
MOYER’S ANALYSIS.
TANAKA-JOHNSTON ANALYSIS.
HIXON-OLD FATHER METHOD
HUCKABA ANALYSIS
UPPER/LOWERTOOTH SIZE DISHORMONY
BOLTON’S TOOTH RATIO ANALYSIS
TOOTH-SHAPE DISHORMONY
PECK & PECKINDEX.www.indiandentalacademy.com
5. PHOTOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS OF STUDY
MODEL
• STEROPHOTOGRAMETRY
• OCCLUSOGRAMS
• HOLOGRAPHIC IMAGE ANALYSIS
• COMPUTERIZED ANALYSIS
• OSCOPO
• REFLEX METROGRAPHY
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6. PONT’S ANALYSIS
• Pont’s in 1909 presented a system
whereby mere measurement of Incisors
automatically gives width of the arch in
premolar &molar region
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7. • Pont’s analysis helps in determining whether the
dental arch is narrow or normal, need for lateral
expansion &how much expansion is possible.
• S.I.-sum of m-d width of 4 max. incisor is
determined
• M.P.V.-width from distal pit to distal pit (P.M.)
• M.M.V.-Width from mesial pit to mesial pit. (M)
• C.P.V-- S.I. ×100/ 80
• C.M.V– S.I ×100/64
INFERENCE- if measured value is < then calculated value, it
indicates the need for the expansion, indicating how much
expansion is needed in molar & premolar regions.
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8. Drawbacks of Pont's analysis
1.Study based on French
population,hence universal
validity is questionable.
2.Does not consider the alignment
of teeth.
3.Doesn't consider the
malformation of teeth-e.g, peg
laterals.
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9. • LINDERHARTH INDEX
This analysis is similar to pont’s analysis
except that a new formula has been
proposed to determine the calculated
premolar & molar value.
• C.P.V.– S .I. × 100/85
• C.M.V.--- S.I. × 100/64
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10. • KORKHAUS ANALYSIS-This is similar to pont’s
analysis. According to this,for a given width of upper
incisor,a specific value of the distance b/n midpoint of
inter premolar line to point in b/n the max.incisor exist.
INFERENCE-Increase in this measurement denotes proclined
upper anteriors, while reduced value indicates retroclined upper
anteriors.
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11. ASHLEY-HOWE’S ANALYSIS- Ashley howe
considered tooth crowding to be due to arch width rather
than arch length.he found a r/nship between the total width
of all 12 teeth mesial to second molar and width of the
dental arch in the 1 st premolar region.
According to this analysis to determine
whether the apical bases could accommodate
the teeth ,the following measurements have
to be obtained:
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12. *Determination of premolar diameter (P.M.D.)
The premolar diameter refers to the arch width
from the tip of the buccal cusp of the opposite
first premolar.
*Determination of premolar basal arch width
(P.M.B.W.)
The measurement of the width from canine fossa
To the other gives us the width of dental arch at
basal bone. Or else measurement is made from
a point 8 mm below the crest of inter-dental
papilla to distal of canine.
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13. • INFERENCE-
If PMBAW>PMD-The basal arch is sufficient
to allow expansion of the premolars.
If PMBAW<PMD-
Three possibilities-
No need of treatment
Move teeth distally to wider part of the arch.
Extract some teeth.
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15. • According to Howe, to achieve a normal
occlusion with full complement of teeth
the PMBAW should be 44 percent.
* If percentage is in between 37-44%-
Borderline case.
*Percentage less than 37%- First premolar
extraction.
*Any value above 44%- Non extraction case
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16. • Carey’s Analysis helps in
determinining the extent of
discrepancy b/n arch length &
tooth material discrepency.it is
performed in lower cast & same
on upper is called arch –
perimeter analysis.
• The arch anterior to the first
permanent molar is measured
using soft brass wire touching
mesial surface of 1 st molar of
one side and passed over buccal
cusps of the premolar&along
anteriors & is continued
opposite side first molar.
CAREY’S ANALYSIS /ARCH PERIMETER ANALYSIS
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17. Determination of tooth material: m-d width of teeth anterior
to 1st
molar is determined and summed up.
The discrepancy is the difference b/n arch length & tooth
material
DISCREPANCY
0-2.5 mm –In this proximal stripping can be carried out to
reduce T.T.M.
2.5-5mm-Extraction of second premolar is indicated.
>5mm-Extrction of first premolar is indicated.
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18. BOLTON’S ANALYSIS-
According to Bolton there exist a
ratio b/n the m-d widths of max. &
mandibular teeth. Boltan’s analysis
helps in determining disproportion
in size b/n max. & mand. Teeth
procedure-
Determination of overall ratio-
m-d width of teeth ant. to 2nd
molar.
overall ratio=
sum of man.12Χ 100/
sum of max. teeth=91.3
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19. If the ratio is less than 91.3%-Indicates maxillary tooth
material
excess.
The amount of maxillary excess is determined by:
sum of max.12-sum of mandibular 12*100/91.3.
If the overall ratio is more than 91.3- Indicates
mandibular tooth
Material excess.
The amount of mandibular tooth material excess is
determined by:
sum of mandibular 12- sum of maxillary 12*91.3/100
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20. DETERMINATION OF ANTERIOR RATIO
• The sum of mesio-distal width of the
mandibular anteriors should be 77.2% of
m-d width of the maxillary anteriors.
Anterior ratio=sum of mand.6*100/sum of-
-max.6
If the anterior ratio is less than 77.2% it
indicates max. anterior excess.
If the anterior ratio is more than 77.2% it
indicates mandibular anterior excess.
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21. • The amount of maxillary anterior excess is
determined by –
sum of max.6-sum of mand.6*100/77.2
The amount of mandibular anterior excess is
determined by –
sum of mand.6-sum of max.6*77.2/100
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22. Bolton’s analysis:
• The purpose of mixed dentition analysis is evaluate the amount of
space available in arch for erupting permanent. Canines &
premolars
• This analysis predicts the combined m-d width of 3,4&5 based on
the sum of the width of four incisors .
• Space available from distal of lateral incisor to mesial of 1ST
permanent molar is determined
• The expected width of 3,4 & 5 is are predicted by referring the
probability chart. While doing so ,the75%level of probability is
considered more reliable.
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24. Tanaka & Johnston prediction values
• In this analysis one half of m-d width of 4 lower
incisors+10.5mm= estimated width of mandibular
canine+premolars in one quadrant.
• one half of m-d width of 4 lower incisors+11 mm =
estimated width of max. canine+premolars in one
quadrant.
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25. CONCLUSION
• There are numerous model analysis based on different
criteria.it is left to the orthodontist to accept which
analysis he feels best suites his group of population
&diagnosis and treatment planning.
• The basis remains the same only the ways to express it
differs so does not matter which analysis one follows but
what matters is that how efficiently one imply the results
to the treatment planning and do justice to the patient.
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27. MOYERS MIXED DENTITION
ANALYSIS
The purpose of a mixed dentition analysis is to
evalute the amount of space available in the arch
for the erupting permanent canines and premolars.
In this analysis the size of the unerupted
permanent cuspids and premolars are predicted
from the knowledge of the sizes of certain
permanent teeth that are already erupted in the
mouth.
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28. The moyers analysis predicts the combined mesio-
distal width of 3,4,5 based on the sum of the widths
of the four lower permanent incisors.
the mesio-distal width of the four lower incisor are
measured and summed up.the amount of space
available for the 3,4and 5 after incisor alignment is
determined by measuring the distance between the
distal surface of lateral incisor and the mesial surface
of first permanent molar.
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29. Based on the mesio-distal width of four mandibular
incisors, the expected width of the canines, first and
second premolars are predicted by referring the
probability chart. While doing so,the 75%level of
probability is considered reliable.
The predicted tooth size of 3,4,5 is compared with
arch length available for them so as to determine the
discrepancy. If the predicted value is greater than the
available arch length,crowding of teeth can be
expected
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31. HUCKABA’S ANALYSIS
• Here both study cast and radiographs are used for
determining the width of unerupted tooth.
• Principle
• with any type of radiograph, it is necessary to
compensate for enlargement of the radiographic
image. This can be done by measuring an object
that can be seen both in radiograph and on the
cast.
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32. • YI= X1 xY2/X2
• y1= width of unerupted tooth whose measurement is to be
determined .
• y2= width of unerupted tooth on radiograph.
• X1=width of a tooth that has erupted measured on the cast.
• X2=Width of a tooth that has erupted,measured on the
radiograph
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33. • Accuracy of this method of determining the
width of the unerupted tooth is fair to good,
depending upon the quality of the radiographs
and their position in the arch
• this technique can be used in maxillary and
mandibular arches for all ethnic groups.
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34. HIXON AND OLD FATHER’S
• The mesio-distal width of mandibular
central and lateral incisor is obtained from
the casts. Determine the width of the
premolars from the intraoral periapical
radiographs made using long cone
technique. Sum up the width of central and
lateral incisor along with the width of
unerupted premolars of that particular side.
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35. • The estimated sum total width of the
cuspids and bicuspids of that particular side
can be obtained from the chart. Every
measured sum width of incisor and
bicuspids has a corresponding sum width of
the cuspids and bicuspids in the chart.
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37. Nance careys analysis
This analysis is similar to arch perimeter analysis of
the permanent dentition.
PROCEDURE
measure the mesio-distal width of the erupted
permanent teeth.
measure the width of each unerupted tooth, cuspids
and bicuspids (3,4,5) from the intra-oral periapical
radiographs. www.indiandentalacademy.com
38. The total mesio-distal width of all the teeth in
each quadrant will indicate space required to
accommodate the permanent tooth
.
using brass wire measure the arch perimeter.
compare the space required and space
available to arrive at the arch length
discrepancy.
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