Mobile Ad hoc networking
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This document proposes a new approach for a survivable multicast routing protocol in mobile ad-hoc networks. It aims to ensure sub-source survivability and reduce network maintenance costs by replacing the main source with sub-sources. The proposed solution selects a new sub-source in the absence of a sub-source to continue multicasting data. It uses route request and route reply packets for nodes to dynamically discover routes and transfer data between each other in the infrastructure-less mobile ad-hoc network.
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Analysis of multi hop relay algorithm for efficient broadcasting in manets
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
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A crucial issue for a mobile ad hoc network is the handling of a large number of nodes. As more nodes join
the mobile ad hoc network, contention and congestion are more likely. The on demand routing protocols
which broadcasts control packets to discover routes to the destination nodes, generate a high number of
broadcast packets in a larger networks causing contention and collision. We propose an efficient route
discovery protocol, which reduces the number of broadcast packet, using controlled flooding technique.
The simulation results show that the proposed probabilistic flooding decreases the number of control
packets floating in the network during route discovery phase, without lowering the success ratio of path
discoveries. Furthermore, the proposed method adapts to the normal network conditions. The results show
that up to 70% of control packet traffic is saved in route discovery phase when the network is denser.
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1. IEEE based on datamining and knowledge engineering
2. IEEE based on mobile computing
3. IEEE based on networking
4. IEEE based on Image processing
5. IEEE based on Multimedia
6. IEEE based on Network security
7. IEEE based on parallel and distributed systems
Java Project Domain list 2015
1. IEEE based on datamining and knowledge engineering
2. IEEE based on mobile computing
3. IEEE based on networking
4. IEEE based on Image processing
5. IEEE based on Multimedia
6. IEEE based on Network security
7. IEEE based on parallel and distributed systems
ECE IEEE Projects 2015
1. Matlab project
2. Ns2 project
3. Embedded project
4. Robotics project
Eligibility
Final Year students of
1. BSc (C.S)
2. BCA/B.E(C.S)
3. B.Tech IT
4. BE (C.S)
5. MSc (C.S)
6. MSc (IT)
7. MCA
8. MS (IT)
9. ME(ALL)
10. BE(ECE)(EEE)(E&I)
TECHNOLOGY USED AND FOR TRAINING IN
1. DOT NET
2. C sharp
3. ASP
4. VB
5. SQL SERVER
6. JAVA
7. J2EE
8. STRINGS
9. ORACLE
10. VB dotNET
11. EMBEDDED
12. MAT LAB
13. LAB VIEW
14. Multi Sim
CONTACT US
1 CRORE PROJECTS
Door No: 214/215,2nd Floor,
No. 172, Raahat Plaza, (Shopping Mall) ,Arcot Road, Vadapalani, Chennai,
Tamin Nadu, INDIA - 600 026
Email id: 1croreprojects@gmail.com
website:1croreprojects.com
Phone : +91 97518 00789 / +91 72999 51536
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Analysis of multi hop relay algorithm for efficient broadcasting in manets
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
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The document proposes a multi-hop relay algorithm to improve broadcasting efficiency in mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs). It aims to optimize end-to-end delay, packet delivery ratio (PDR), and energy consumption during broadcasting. The algorithm uses source, broadcast, and relay queues at each node to facilitate multi-hop transmissions. It transmits packets using either single-hop, two-hop, or multi-hop relaying depending on the location of the destination node. The algorithm is shown to reduce average end-to-end delay by 3.37%, increase PDR by 1.36%, and reduce average energy consumption per node by 10% compared to previous techniques through simulation experiments.
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A crucial issue for a mobile ad hoc network is the handling of a large number of nodes. As more nodes join
the mobile ad hoc network, contention and congestion are more likely. The on demand routing protocols
which broadcasts control packets to discover routes to the destination nodes, generate a high number of
broadcast packets in a larger networks causing contention and collision. We propose an efficient route
discovery protocol, which reduces the number of broadcast packet, using controlled flooding technique.
The simulation results show that the proposed probabilistic flooding decreases the number of control
packets floating in the network during route discovery phase, without lowering the success ratio of path
discoveries. Furthermore, the proposed method adapts to the normal network conditions. The results show
that up to 70% of control packet traffic is saved in route discovery phase when the network is denser.
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IEEE PROJECTS 2015
1 crore projects is a leading Guide for ieee Projects and real time projects Works Provider.
It has been provided Lot of Guidance for Thousands of Students & made them more beneficial in all Technology Training.
Dot Net
DOTNET Project Domain list 2015
1. IEEE based on datamining and knowledge engineering
2. IEEE based on mobile computing
3. IEEE based on networking
4. IEEE based on Image processing
5. IEEE based on Multimedia
6. IEEE based on Network security
7. IEEE based on parallel and distributed systems
Java Project Domain list 2015
1. IEEE based on datamining and knowledge engineering
2. IEEE based on mobile computing
3. IEEE based on networking
4. IEEE based on Image processing
5. IEEE based on Multimedia
6. IEEE based on Network security
7. IEEE based on parallel and distributed systems
ECE IEEE Projects 2015
1. Matlab project
2. Ns2 project
3. Embedded project
4. Robotics project
Eligibility
Final Year students of
1. BSc (C.S)
2. BCA/B.E(C.S)
3. B.Tech IT
4. BE (C.S)
5. MSc (C.S)
6. MSc (IT)
7. MCA
8. MS (IT)
9. ME(ALL)
10. BE(ECE)(EEE)(E&I)
TECHNOLOGY USED AND FOR TRAINING IN
1. DOT NET
2. C sharp
3. ASP
4. VB
5. SQL SERVER
6. JAVA
7. J2EE
8. STRINGS
9. ORACLE
10. VB dotNET
11. EMBEDDED
12. MAT LAB
13. LAB VIEW
14. Multi Sim
CONTACT US
1 CRORE PROJECTS
Door No: 214/215,2nd Floor,
No. 172, Raahat Plaza, (Shopping Mall) ,Arcot Road, Vadapalani, Chennai,
Tamin Nadu, INDIA - 600 026
Email id: 1croreprojects@gmail.com
website:1croreprojects.com
Phone : +91 97518 00789 / +91 72999 51536
Performance investigation of re shuffling packet
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
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Abstract Over the past decade, the wireless world has experienced significant developments. The emergence and proliferation of radio frequency networking products, wireless devices like handheld, wearable and portable computers, Personal Digital Assistants (PDA)s, cellular phone have given rise to a kind of wireless revolution. A mobile ad hoc network is much more assailable to attacks than a wired network due to its limited physical security, high mobility and lack of centralized administration. In this paper, we present and analyze the effects of re-shuffling attack on TCP based mobile ad-hoc networks named as Packet Re-Shuffling. In the packet reshuffling attack the malicious node will reorder the packets in its FIFO buffer before forwarding them towards their destination. Due to the out of order delivery the retransmission time out of the packet is triggered and the source TCP and UDP has to retransmit the packet. In this way it also stops the TCP to perform the congestion avoidance technique. A malicious node will always participate in route setup operations. For example, if source routing is employed, malicious nodes always relay Route Request packets in order to have as many routes as possible flowing through themselves; if distance vector routing is employed, malicious nodes will also obey all control-plane protocol specifications. However, once a route is established, attacking nodes will thwart the end-to-end throughput of the flow via above mentioned attacks. The effect of the proposed attack is analyzed with the simulation results generated using the trial version of the simulator known as Exata Cyber 2.0. The simulation results are given in terms of metrics such as data flow throughput, Packet Retransmission, average end-to-end delay and packet delivery ratio. In this paper, we are giving The study on UDP and TCP. Keywords: MANETs; Multimedia Streaming; Routing protocols; QoS; Topology; Node Mobility; Network Scalability;
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2) Link correlation, whether positive, negative, or independent, significantly impacts the number of transmissions needed for nodes to receive independent packets.
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Performance investigation of re shuffling packet
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
Performance investigation of re shuffling packet attack on transport layer pr...
Abstract Over the past decade, the wireless world has experienced significant developments. The emergence and proliferation of radio frequency networking products, wireless devices like handheld, wearable and portable computers, Personal Digital Assistants (PDA)s, cellular phone have given rise to a kind of wireless revolution. A mobile ad hoc network is much more assailable to attacks than a wired network due to its limited physical security, high mobility and lack of centralized administration. In this paper, we present and analyze the effects of re-shuffling attack on TCP based mobile ad-hoc networks named as Packet Re-Shuffling. In the packet reshuffling attack the malicious node will reorder the packets in its FIFO buffer before forwarding them towards their destination. Due to the out of order delivery the retransmission time out of the packet is triggered and the source TCP and UDP has to retransmit the packet. In this way it also stops the TCP to perform the congestion avoidance technique. A malicious node will always participate in route setup operations. For example, if source routing is employed, malicious nodes always relay Route Request packets in order to have as many routes as possible flowing through themselves; if distance vector routing is employed, malicious nodes will also obey all control-plane protocol specifications. However, once a route is established, attacking nodes will thwart the end-to-end throughput of the flow via above mentioned attacks. The effect of the proposed attack is analyzed with the simulation results generated using the trial version of the simulator known as Exata Cyber 2.0. The simulation results are given in terms of metrics such as data flow throughput, Packet Retransmission, average end-to-end delay and packet delivery ratio. In this paper, we are giving The study on UDP and TCP. Keywords: MANETs; Multimedia Streaming; Routing protocols; QoS; Topology; Node Mobility; Network Scalability;
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1) Network coding enables opportunistic routing in wireless networks by eliminating coordination requirements between nodes. However, link correlation is not typically considered.
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3) The paper proposes integrating coded feedback messages with data packets. This allows nodes to determine how many packets to transmit without knowing exact link conditions, improving distributed operation.
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Multimedia communication over wireless Ad-hoc networks has become the driving technology for many of the important applications, experiencing dramatic market growth and promising revolutionary experiences in personal communication, gaming, entertainment, military, security, environment monitoring, and more. The advances in wireless communications and growth of real-time applications have necessitated the development of wireless networks that can support high Quality of Service (QoS) and power control. A node in an ad hoc network is normally battery operated which poses a huge constraint on the power consumption of such a node. Hence, designing a power efficient MAC protocol for ad hoc wireless networks is a major challenge. In this paper, we propose a CDMA based power controlled medium access protocol for mobile and ad hoc network (MNA). The protocol conserves power and provides QoS guarantees for multimedia traffics. In that network one of the fundamental challenger in MANETs is how to increase the overall network throughputs well as reading the delay while maintaining how energy consumption for packet processing in communication. simulation results shows that the performance of the protocol with increase in traffic while QoS is better in terms of Energy consumption, throughput, & communication delay than existing protocol.
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The document discusses techniques for secure neighbor discovery and position verification in mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs). It proposes a distributed protocol called Neighbor Position Verification (NPV) that allows nodes to verify the positions of neighboring nodes without relying on trusted third parties. The NPV protocol uses a 4-step message exchange and distance calculations to classify neighbor nodes as verified, faulty, or unverifiable. It aims to minimize false positives and negatives while being robust against adversarial attacks. The document also discusses extending NPV to dynamic source routing to allow for verification of mobile nodes rather than static node positions. This improves security and network performance for MANETs.
23
This document describes a routing protocol designed for reliable and efficient communication in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). It discusses four existing routing protocols - Gradient-Based Routing (GBR), Gradient Broadcast (GRAB), Dynamic Source Routing (DSR), and Adhoc On-demand Distance Vector Routing (AODV) - and analyzes their performance tradeoffs. It then proposes a new light-weight routing protocol called Efficient and Reliable routing (EAR) that aims to achieve reliable and efficient routing in single-hub and multi-hub WSNs while minimizing energy consumption and communication overhead. The protocol design and operation are explained in detail.
FUZZY-CONTROLLED POWER-AWARE PROACTIVE-ACKNOWLEDGEMENT BASED BROADCASTING (FP...
Network-wide broadcasting is a fundamental operation for mobile ad hoc networks. Inbroadcasting, a source node sends a message to all other nodes in the network. Under ordinary
flooding procedure, each node transmits the broadcast message to all of its 1-hop downlinkneighbours, i.e. all nodes residing within its radio-range. Receiving the broadcast message all those downlink neighbours reply with an acknowledgement. Since in an ad hoc network a node
may have multiple uplink neighbours, in ordinary flooding procedure, a node is supposed to receive the broadcast message from all those uplink neighbours and send acknowledgement to all of them, generating huge message contention and collision. This is popularly referred to as
the broadcast storm problem. The present article is focused to remove the broadcast redundancy within 2-hop neighbourhood and beyond, as much as possible by prioritizing the 1-
hop downlink neighbours of a node. Priority of a 1-hop downlink neighbour of a node ni increases if it is equipped with a large number of 1-hop downlink neighbours, large radiorange,
high remaining battery power and very small number of uplink neighbours closer to the broadcast source than ni
. ni waits a predefined amount of time to receive proactive
acknowledgements from the 1-hop downlink neighbours having less priority. If it does not receive acknowledgement from those downlink neighbours within the waiting time, it sends the
broadcast message to them. A fuzzy controller named Priority Assignor (PA) is embedded in every node that determines the priority of a 1-hop downlink neighbour. Simulation results firmly
establish that the proposed protocol FP2 B produces high broadcast delivery ratio at muchlesser message cost, compared to other state-of-the-art broadcast algorithms.
Developing QoS by Priority Routing for Real Time Data in Internet of Things (...
- The document discusses developing quality of service (QoS) in Internet of Things (IoT) networks by using priority routing for real-time data.
- It proposes a novel solution that integrates mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) to improve delivery of high priority real-time application data over low latency MANET paths.
- Experimental results showed the proposed approach was effective in reducing network overhead and congestion, while also improving routing protocol performance in terms of packet delay and throughput.
Intro to DTN and routing classification
This presentation is based upon my literature review on DTN,If u find any correction needed, please let me know.
Csit54201
Delay Tolerant Network (DTN) is a promising technology which aims to provide efficient
communication between devices in a network with no guaranteed continuous connectivity. Most
of the existing routing schemes for DTNs achieve message delivery through message replication
and forwarding. However, due to the lack of contemporaneous end-to-end communication path,
designing routing protocols that can achieve high delivery rate with low communication
overhead is a challenging problem. Some routing protocols appear with high similarity, but
their performance are significantly different. In this paper, we evaluate several popular routing
protocols in DTNs, including Epidemic, Spray and Wait, PRoPHET, and 3R through extensive
trace-driven simulations. The objective is to evaluate the performance of different routing
schemes using different data traces and investigate the optimal configuration setting for each
routing scheme. This paper provides important guidances on the design and selection of routing
protocols for given delay tolerant networks.
Ijcatr04051009
One of the most popular areas of research is wireless communication. Mobile Ad Hoc network (MANET) is a network with wireless mobile nodes, infrastructure less and self organizing. With its wireless and distributed nature it is exposed to several security threats. One of the threats in MANET is the wormhole attack. In this attack a pair of attacker forms a virtual link thereby recording and replaying the wireless transmission. This paper presents types of wormhole attack and also includes different technique for detecting wormhole attack in MANET..
A2546035115
The document discusses performance exploration of quality of service (QoS) parameters in mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs). It contains 6 figures analyzing how different QoS parameters are affected by increasing the reporting rate of data packets in the MANET. Figure 2 shows that packet delivery ratio decreases as reporting rate increases due to congestion. Figure 3 shows that packet loss ratio increases with higher reporting rates. Figure 4 indicates that throughput initially increases then decreases with reporting rate. Control overheads and average energy consumption shown in Figures 5 and 6 also are affected by varying the reporting rate in the MANET. The document analyzes how the reporting rate impacts key QoS metrics during data transmission in a MANET.
A STUDY ON RECEIVER BASED MULTICAST FOR WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS
This document summarizes a study on a receiver-based multicast protocol for wireless sensor networks. The protocol, called Receiver-Based Multicast (RBMulticast), removes the need for intermediate nodes to maintain multicast tree state information by embedding multicast member addresses in packet headers. This allows intermediate nodes to forward packets without storing state. The protocol was implemented and tested in the OPNET simulator. It requires less state than existing multicast protocols, making it well-suited for dynamic wireless sensor networks.
Grayhole
The document discusses the gray hole attack in MANETs using the AODV routing protocol. The gray hole attack involves a malicious node selectively dropping packets in a manner that is difficult to detect. The summary proposes a detection method that involves (1) the source node broadcasting a fake RREQ to identify malicious nodes, (2) comparing the destination sequence numbers of replying nodes to a threshold value to identify attackers, and (3) broadcasting identified gray hole nodes to other nodes in the network. The method aims to improve on existing detection techniques by using destination-based routing and sequence number comparisons to more accurately detect gray hole attacks.
Impact of energy and link quality indicator with link quality estimators in w...
The Link Quality Indicator (LQI) and Residual Energy have a fundamental impact on the network
performance in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) and affects as well in the life time of nodes. This paper
will provide a comparative of Link Quality Estimator, the Link Quality Estimator with Link Quality
Indicator and Link Quality Estimator with Residual Energy. In this paper we develop a Collect Tree
Protocol (CTP) and compare the performance of LQI and Residual Energy, and show their effect on the
packet delivery ratio and throughput, covering the characteristics of low-power links, and their
performance to the best of our knowledge, we believe that our efforts would have implementations on
embedded application.
ENERGY CONSUMPTION AND LOCALITY OF SENSOR NETWORKS
The document discusses source-location privacy (SLP) in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). It proposes criteria to quantitatively measure information leakage about the source location from routing-based SLP protection schemes. The document also proposes a two-phase routing scheme using a randomly selected intermediate node and network mixing ring to provide both content confidentiality and SLP. Simulation results show the proposed scheme is efficient and achieves high message delivery while protecting source location privacy.
Comprehensive Path Quality Measurement in Wireless Sensor Networks
A wireless sensor network mostly relies on multi-hop transmissions to deliver a data packet. It is of essential importance to measure the quality of multi-hop paths and such information shall be utilized in designing efficient routing strategies. Existing metrics like ETF, ETX mainly focus on quantifying the link performance in between the nodes while overlooking the forwarding capabilities inside the sensor nodes. By combining the QoF measurements within a node and over a link, we are able to comprehensively measure the intact path quality in designing efficient multihop routing protocols. We propose QoF, Quality of Forwarding, a new metric which explores the performance in the gray zone inside a node left unattended in previous studies. We implement QoF and build a modified Collection Tree Protocol.
Implementation on Data Security Approach in Dynamic Multi Hop Communication
Implementation on Data Security Approach in Dynamic Multi Hop CommunicationIJCSIS Research Publications
In remote sensor arrange messages are exchanged between the different source and goal matches agreeably such way that multi-jump parcel transmission is utilized. These information bundles are exchanged from the middle of the road hub to sink hub by sending a parcel to goal hubs. Where each hub overhears transmission close neighbor hub. To dodge this we propose novel approach with proficient steering convention i.e. most brief way directing and conveyed hub steering calculation. Proposed work additionally concentrates on Automatic Repeat Request and Deterministic Network coding. We spread this work by the end to end message encoding instrument. To upgrade hub security match shrewd key era is utilized, in which combined conveying hub is allocated with combine key to making secure correspondence. End to end. We dissect both single and numerous hubs and look at basic ARQ and deterministic system coding as strategies for transmission.F04503057062
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research(IJCER) is an intentional online Journal in English monthly publishing journal. This Journal publish original research work that contributes significantly to further the scientific knowledge in engineering and Technology.
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Performance investigation of re shuffling packet attack on transport layer pr...
Performance investigation of re shuffling packet attack on transport layer pr...
Universal network coding based opportunistic routing for unicast
Universal network coding based opportunistic routing for unicast
A QoS Based MAC Protocol For Wireless Ad-hoc Network
A QoS Based MAC Protocol For Wireless Ad-hoc Network
FUZZY-CONTROLLED POWER-AWARE PROACTIVE-ACKNOWLEDGEMENT BASED BROADCASTING (FP...
FUZZY-CONTROLLED POWER-AWARE PROACTIVE-ACKNOWLEDGEMENT BASED BROADCASTING (FP...
Developing QoS by Priority Routing for Real Time Data in Internet of Things (...
Developing QoS by Priority Routing for Real Time Data in Internet of Things (...
A STUDY ON RECEIVER BASED MULTICAST FOR WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS
A STUDY ON RECEIVER BASED MULTICAST FOR WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS
Impact of energy and link quality indicator with link quality estimators in w...
Impact of energy and link quality indicator with link quality estimators in w...
ENERGY CONSUMPTION AND LOCALITY OF SENSOR NETWORKS
ENERGY CONSUMPTION AND LOCALITY OF SENSOR NETWORKS
Comprehensive Path Quality Measurement in Wireless Sensor Networks
Comprehensive Path Quality Measurement in Wireless Sensor Networks
Implementation on Data Security Approach in Dynamic Multi Hop Communication
Implementation on Data Security Approach in Dynamic Multi Hop Communication
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NAT maps private IP addresses to public IP addresses, allowing multiple devices on a private network to share a single public IP address to access the Internet. It is commonly used when there is a shortage of IPv4 addresses. There are different types of NAT, including dynamic NAT which maps private addresses to public addresses on a need basis, and NAPT which allows thousands of devices to share one IP address by also mapping port numbers. NAT solves issues like merging networks with duplicate private addresses and changing ISPs without renumbering an entire network.
What is Network Address Translation (NAT)
Network Address Translation (NAT) allows a single device like a router to act as an agent between a private network and the public internet using a single public IP address. This conserves limited public IP addresses as only the NAT device needs a public IP, while an entire private network can use private IP addresses. NAT works by translating the private IP address and port of devices in the private network to the public IP address and unique port of the NAT device when communicating with the public internet, and vice versa for incoming traffic. This allows all private network devices to access the internet through the single public IP address of the NAT device.
NAT|PAT
El documento explica los conceptos y funcionalidad de NAT (Traducción de Direcciones de Red) y PAT (Traducción de Direcciones de Puerto). NAT traduce direcciones IP privadas a públicas para preservar direcciones públicas y ocultar la red interna. PAT permite que varios dispositivos compartan una dirección pública mediante la traducción de puertos. Ambos mecanismos son ampliamente usados para conectar redes privadas a Internet de forma segura y eficiente.
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This document summarizes Darpan Dekivadiya's seminar report on ad hoc networks from April 2011. It defines ad hoc networks as mobile wireless networks where nodes are directly connected to each other via wireless links without any centralized administration. The key characteristics of ad hoc networks are that they can operate without infrastructure, use multi-hop radio relaying, and have frequent topology changes due to node mobility. Some applications of ad hoc networks include military networks, emergency response, and sensor networks. The document then discusses the architecture of ad hoc networks based on the IEEE 802.11 standard and protocols for routing in these networks.
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Nat
El documento describe los conceptos de direccionamiento público y privado, así como los diferentes tipos de traducción de direcciones de red como NAT estático, dinámico y sobrecarga. Explica cómo NAT traduce direcciones privadas internas a direcciones públicas para permitir el acceso a Internet, agregando privacidad y seguridad. También cubre la configuración básica de NAT y el reenvío de puertos para redireccionar el tráfico entre interfaces.
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This document discusses network address translation (NAT) and how it allows private IP addresses on a local network to connect to public IP addresses on the internet. It explains that NAT involves translating IP addresses and ports so that a private network can be represented by a single public IP address from the perspective of the internet. It also describes different types of NAT, such as basic NAT, port address translation, source NAT, and destination NAT. Specific scenarios like browsing the web, port forwarding, and issues with certain protocols like FTP are also covered at a high level.
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E017422935
This document analyzes the performance of a three hop reliability model for wireless sensor networks in nuclear power plants. Reliability is crucial for sensor data in nuclear plants since time-critical safety information must be delivered accurately and without loss. Existing single and two hop models have packet loss issues. The proposed three hop model maintains three copies of data packets to increase reliability without extra network costs. It uses zone routing and increments a step value with each hop to ensure three copies are held before removing the original. Simulation results show this three hop acknowledgment model has higher delivery ratio and throughput while avoiding packet loss compared to earlier approaches.
“Reducing packet loss in manet”
This document summarizes a research paper on reducing packet loss in mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs). The paper discusses how MANETs are vulnerable to various security threats like black hole attacks that can cause packet dropping. It evaluates existing authentication schemes like ACK-based schemes that have overhead issues. The paper then proposes a modified ACK-based scheme using finite state automata to overcome decision ambiguity and minimize packet dropping while authenticating nodes in the MANET. Simulation results show that the proposed approach improves packet delivery ratio, throughput and reduces routing load compared to not using secure authentication.
Migrating packet dropping in mobile ad hoc network based on modified ack-base...
This document discusses migrating packet dropping in mobile ad-hoc networks using a modified ACK-based authentication scheme. It begins by introducing mobile ad-hoc networks and some of the security challenges they face, such as packet dropping attacks. It then discusses existing ACK-based authentication schemes and their limitations, such as generating a large overhead and having ambiguity when nodes refuse acknowledgments. The document proposes a modified ACK-based scheme that uses a secure channel to overcome these limitations and minimize packet dropping. It evaluates the proposed scheme through simulation experiments and finds it improves performance metrics like packet delivery ratio and throughput compared to not using a secure channel. In conclusion, the modified scheme is presented as a way to enhance node authentication and reduce packet dropping in mobile
“Optimizing the data transmission between multiple nodes during link failure ...
“Optimizing the data transmission between multiple nodes during link failure ...eSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and TechnologyDesigning an opportunistic routing scheme for adaptive clustering in mobile a...
Designing an opportunistic routing scheme for adaptive clustering in mobile a...eSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.Designing an opportunistic routing scheme for adaptive clustering in mobile a...
This document describes a proposed opportunistic routing scheme for adaptive clustering in mobile ad-hoc networks. It presents the On-Demand Opportunistic Group mobility based clustering (ODOGMBC) algorithm for forming clusters and predicting cluster mobility. The algorithm uses neighborhood update to maintain routing information as the network topology changes. It also describes cooperative opportunistic routing which provides responsive data transport while managing nodes efficiently under heavy loads. Performance evaluation shows the proposed scheme achieves higher packet delivery ratio, throughput and lower delay compared to non-clustered AODV routing.
Distributed Routing Protocol for Different Packet Size Data Transfer over Wir...
This document discusses a proposed technique for efficient data transfer of different packet sizes over wireless sensor networks. The technique uses a combination of routing protocols, including AODV, DSDV, and DSR. It aims to improve quality of service for data transmission by using proper packet formatting and compression techniques. The objective is to develop a reliable architecture that can handle both proactive and reactive routing approaches to efficiently manage routing and transmission of data between neighboring nodes. The proposed technique will be implemented and evaluated using a network simulator.
Prediction Algorithm for Mobile Ad Hoc Network Connection Breaks
A Mobile Ad-Hoc Network (MANET) is a decentralized network of mobile node that are connected to an arbitrary topology via wireless connections. The breakdown of the connecting links between adjacent nodes will probably lead to the loss of the transferred data packets. In this research, we proposed an algorithm for link prediction (LP) to enhance the link break provision of the ad hoc on-demand remote protocol (AODV). The proposed algorithm is called the AODV Link Break Prediction (AODVLBP). The AODVLBP prevents link breaks by the use of a predictive measure of the changing signal. The AODVLBP was evaluated using the network simulator version 2.35 (NS2) and compared with the AODV Link prediction (AODVLP) and the AODV routing protocols. The simulation results reveal the effectiveness of AODVLBP in improving network performance in terms of average end-to-end delay, packet delivery ratio, packet overhead ratio, and packet drop-neighbour break.
Opportunistic Data Forwarding in Manet
Abstract— A MANETs is a self-configuring network is a collection of mobile hosts that are connected via a wireless link. Opportunistic data forwarding has drawn much attention in the research community of multihop wireless networks. Opportunistic data forwarding is the lack of an efficient, lightweight proactive routing scheme with strong source routing capability. In this project proposed to a lightweight proactive source routing (PSR) protocol. PSR can be maintained at different network topology information than distance vector (DV), link state (LS), optimized link State routing (OLSR), then reactive source routing [e.g., dynamic source routing (DSR)]. In this project concentrate on reducing the overhead at the base line protocols, then testing to the better data transportation. Network Simulator (NS-2) help in testing and implementing to this project for effectively reduced to the overhead in the data transportation.
Lecture 9 10 .mobile ad-hoc routing protocols
Mobile ad-hoc networks have frequent host and topology changes with no cellular infrastructure and require multi-hop wireless links for data transmission between nodes. Routing protocols must discover routes between nodes that may not be directly connected. Table-driven protocols like Destination Sequenced Distance Vector (DSDV) and Wireless Routing Protocol (WRP) maintain up-to-date routing tables through periodic broadcasts but generate significant control overhead. DSDV uses sequence numbers to distinguish stale routes and avoid loops while WRP maintains four tables for routing information.
Performance Evaluation of DSDV & OLSR Proactive Protocols in MANET
MANETS are working in distributed environment and dynamically changing the network topology. MANET protocols can be table driven or on demand as per requirement. DSDV (Destination Sequenced Distance Vector) and OLSR (Optimized Link State Routing protocol) both are table driven (proactive) protocol. Performances of both proactive protocols are evaluated using NS-2 simulator under various metrics and no. of mobile nodes is 10 in the network.
IMPROVING THE PERFORMACE OF DATA AGGREGATION IN WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK
In this paper data aggregation using multipath routing is proposed. In existing system, under hybrid scheme, it each sensor nodes generates information by sensing its physical environment and transmit to sink by multi hop communication. In network aggregation computation intermediate forwarding nodes can substantially increase the network life time but amount of data contained in single packet and make the system vulnerability to packet loss. Instead of retransmission it takes the additional time. Ad hoc On Demand Distance Vector routing protocol is used to improving the performance of data aggregation due to avoiding these problems.
Improving the scalability by contact information compression in routing
The existence of reduced scalability and delivery leads to the development of scalable routing by contact
information compression. The previous work dealt with the result of consistent analysis in the performance
of DTN hierarchical routing (DHR). It increases as the source to destination distance increases with
decreases in the routing performance. This paper focuses on improving the scalability and delivery through
contact information compression algorithm and also addresses the problem of power awareness routing to
increase the lifetime of the overall network. Thus implementing the contact information compression (CIC)
algorithm the estimated shortest path (ESP) is detected dynamically. The scalability and release are more
improved during multipath multicasting, which delivers the information to a collection of target
concurrently in a single transmission from the source.
V.KARTHIKEYAN PUBLISHED ARTICLE A
The document summarizes a paper that proposes a contact information compression algorithm to improve scalability and delivery in delay tolerant networks. The algorithm compresses contact information using three collective methods and dynamically estimates shortest paths. It is shown to improve scalability and delivery during multipath multicasting, which concurrently delivers information to multiple targets in a single transmission. The algorithm aims to address challenges of information aggregation, compression in time-space domains while maintaining routing information.
IJET-V2I6P7
A Mobile Ad-hoc network is a set of mobile terminals moving in different directions at different
speed being wirelessly connected to each-other. In this paper we study the proactive Link State Routing
Protocol – OLSR, which uses hello and topology control (TC) messages to find then distribute link state
data throughout the mobile ad hoc network. Individual nodes use this topology data to calculate next hop
destinations for all nodes within the network using shortest hop forwarding paths. We then suggest ways
by which the existing algorithm can be optimized in terms of delay, throughput, power consumption, jitter
etc. Finally we summarize the applications of OLSR.
Black Hole Detection in AODV Using Hexagonal Encryption in Manet’s
In MANETs (mobile ad hoc network), security is common problem and lack of issues in
MANET network. When comparing to wired network, MANETs are harmed to security attacks due to the
scarcity of a trusted centralized enforce authority and limited resources. This paper proposed a technique
to avoid Blackhole node behaviour in AODV (Ad Hoc On-Demand Distance Vector) using Hexagonal
Encryption inNS2. Hexagonal Encryption has been chosen for low cost and high computation speed up.
Compared to existing blackhole detection technique, this proposed technique obtains better result by
stimulating in NS2.
Design Test-bed for assessing load utilising using Multicast Forwarding Appro...
This document describes a study that developed a test bed to evaluate load and battery lifetime in wireless mesh networks using a multicast forwarding approach. The test bed used the AODV routing protocol and implemented layer 3 acknowledgments and retransmissions. Results found that the network supported data delivery with acknowledgments even under full load. Battery lifetime across mesh nodes was measured between 19-100% and load was minimum compared to previous work, demonstrating the effectiveness of the multicast forwarding approach. Future work could enhance security and implement cross-layer support between network and MAC layers.
Hu3114871491
This document evaluates the performance of the AODV and DSR routing protocols under black hole attacks in a mobile ad hoc network (MANET). It conducts simulations using the network simulator NS-2 to compare the protocols' throughput, packet delivery ratio, and end-to-end delay both with and without black hole attacks from malicious nodes. The results show that under black hole attacks, the throughput and packet delivery ratio of both protocols decreases as the number of malicious nodes increases. However, AODV is shown to be more resistant to the effects of black hole attacks compared to DSR, experiencing smaller decreases in performance under black hole attacks.
Comparative Analysis of MANET Routing Protocols and Cluster Head Selection Te...
Mobile Ad-hoc Network is a kind of wireless network. It is a backbone of new generation advanced communication technology. MANET is an ideal applicant for rescue and emergency situation due to its independence of connected devices of fixed wires. This paper represents a work on trust based system in MANET cluster that can be used to improve the performance of the network even in the existence of not trusted nodes. In the cluster architecture, cluster head and gateway nodes form a communication for routing among neighbouring clusters. But selection of cluster head is the important problem in dynamic Ad-hoc network because cluster head work as coordinator in clustered architecture. In this work, some values have used correspond to the threshold values of forward packet and dropped packet of each node within the network cluster. These values have been used dynamically updated every time and the node is selected as cluster head. In this technique of selecting the node as cluster head, the node which has maximum trusted value is elected as cluster head and this information is updated in every node’s trusted table. After implementation of our desired work, the proposed Dynamic Trust Evaluation of Cluster Head (DTE-CH) technique is analysed with traditional routing protocols and traditional clustering technique viz. Highest Degree Algorithm. The simulation is done by using network simulator software on the basis of different performance metrics throughput, packet delivery ratio, routing overhead, packet drop, average end to end delay and remain energy. Simulation result presents that proposed DTE-CH technique improves the performance of network as compare to most suitable existing AODV MANET protocol based technique as well as traditional highest degree clustering technique.
Modified GPSR for Fault Tolerant and Energy Efficiency in Mobile Ad Hoc Network
The document describes a modified GPSR routing protocol called EFGPSR that aims to improve fault tolerance and energy efficiency in mobile ad hoc networks. The key aspects of EFGPSR are:
1. It has four phases - fault testing to identify healthy neighbor nodes, planarization to remove crossing edges, and two forwarding phases that consider both distance to destination and remaining energy of neighbors when selecting the next hop.
2. The forwarding phases use a cost function that balances distance to destination and remaining energy to optimize next hop selection.
3. Evaluation using simulation showed EFGPSR performs better than GPSR in terms of network lifetime, delivery ratio, and similar hop counts.
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IMPROVING THE PERFORMACE OF DATA AGGREGATION IN WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK
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Improving the scalability by contact information compression in routing
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Black Hole Detection in AODV Using Hexagonal Encryption in Manet’s
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Design Test-bed for assessing load utilising using Multicast Forwarding Appro...
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Guest Speaker Segment with Hannah Barrington: Dive into the world of dynamic real estate marketing with Hannah, the Marketing Manager at Workspace Group. Hear firsthand how their team generates engaging descriptions for thousands of office units by integrating diverse data sources—from PDF floorplans to web pages—using FME transformers, like OpenAIVisionConnector and AnthropicVisionConnector. This use case will show you how GenAI can streamline content creation for marketing across the board.
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This webinar is ideal for professionals seeking to harness the power of AI within their data management systems while ensuring high levels of customization and security. Whether you're a novice or an expert, gain actionable insights and strategies to elevate your data processes. Join us to see how FME and AI can revolutionize how you work with data!
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Mobile Ad hoc networking
- 1. A NEW APPROACH OF SURVIVABLE MULTICAST ROUTING PROTOCOL IN MOBILE AD-HOC NETWROK 1 Presented by: Ariful Islam, ID:090212, Al Hizbul Bahar, ID:090225
- 2. To ensure the survivability of sub sources. To reduce the maintainance cost of the network. To ensure data transfer among all the nodes in a network. The data packet delivery ratio must be sufficiently high The data transmission delay must be as less as possible. 2 Objectives of Research
- 3. 3 Collection of self configurable mobile node connected through wireless links Without aid of any existing network infrastructure or central access point Each node participating in the network acts both as host and a router Characteristics of MANETs : dynamic topology node mobility large number of degree of freedom self-organizing capability What is MANET
- 4. Node mobility in an ad hoc network causes frequently change the network topology. D A C B E F D A C B E F 4 Basic Concept of MANET
- 5. Application Area Military battle field Commercial Sector Local level Civil Application Personal Area Network(PAN) 5
- 6. Design Issue and Challanges Topology, Mobility, Robustness Capacity and Efficiency Energy Consumption Quality of Service and Resource Management Security and reliability Scalability 6
- 7. 7 Problem Specification of Existing System Existing System Analysis
- 8. The cost of main source is high The main source is required more energy to run System damage possibility is high High traffic in main source. Coupling between main source and sub- sources and sub-source and regions node 8 Continue...
- 9. Proposed Solution Replace main source by sub-sources Ensuring sub-source survivability Select new sub-source absence of sub-source 9
- 10. Continue... 10 Sub-Sources Reciver Node Forwarding Node 10
- 11. Sub-Sources Reciver Node Forwarding Node 11 Continue...
- 12. source Conn. Nodes Dest. Conn. Nodes Broadcast ROUTE REQUEST packet Nodes check the duplicity of packet; if the packet is duplicate the discarded otherwise continue the process ROUTE REPLY packet to source telling how to get destination Increment Hop count, rebroadcast the ROUTE REQUEST packet to adjacent nodes and store info in its reverse route table Check the dest. sequence number 1 2 3 Step 2 is repeated until the dest. node is found Dest. node is found and it unicast a ROUTE REPLY packet from where it got the ROUTE REQUEST packet 4 Source Addres s Reques t ID Dest. Add. Source Seqn. # Dest. Seqn.# Hop count ROUTE REQUEST Source Address Dest. Addrss Dest. Sequence # Hop count Lifetime ROUTE REPLY
- 14. Conclusion The existing system is working well with main source. But in the absence of that main soure hole system will be damaged. We proposed a solution in this case of problem, where main source will be absence and sub-source are connected with each other when they want to send data in a network. Hence nodes are dynamic and infrastructure less ,there is a great challange in this way of solution. To overcome these challange, a specific node will query a neigbour node in multicast network and send ROUTE REQUEST. Repeating this process data transfer between two node will be done. 14
- 15. References [1] G.Vijaya Kumar et. al. / (IJCSE) International Journal on Computer Science and Engineering Vol. 02, No. 03, 2010, 706-713 [2] M.S. Corson and V. Park, “A Highly Adaptive Distributed Routing Algorithm for Mo-bile Wireless Networks,”Proc. IEEE INFOCOM ’97, Kobe, Japan, April 1997. [3] E. Bommaiah, M. Liu, A. McAuley, and R. Talpade, “AMRoute: Adhoc Multicast Routing Protocol,” Internet Draft,http://www.ietf.org/internet- drafts/draft-talpade-manet-amroute-00.txt [4 ]http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network_topology [5]compnetworking.about.com › ... › Network Design / IT 15
- 16. 16 Thanks to All
- 17. 17 Q & A