The document summarizes key concepts from Chapter 1 of a marketing textbook. It defines marketing and discusses the four major marketing management philosophies: production, sales, market, and societal orientations. It also describes the differences between sales and market orientations, focusing on how they differ in their organizational focus, definition of the firm's business, customers targeted, primary goals, and tools used. Finally, it outlines several reasons for studying marketing, including its importance to business and society as well as career opportunities.

1. Lamb, Hair, McDaniel 2011-2012
CHAPTER 1
An Overview of Marketing
© WINDSOR & WIEHAHN/STONE/GETTY IMAGES
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2. Learning Outcomes
LO 1 Define the term marketing
LO 2 Describe four marketing management
philosophies
LO 3 Discuss the differences between sales and
market orientations
LO 4 Describe several reasons for studying
marketing
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3. What Is Marketing?
Define the term
marketing
LO1
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4. Marketing…
• Two Facets:
1. A philosophy, an attitude, a
perspective, or a management
orientation that stresses customer
satisfaction.
2. An organizational activity, set of
institutions, and processes.
LO1
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5. What Is Marketing?
American Marketing Association Definition
Marketing is the activity, set of institutions,
and processes for creating,
communicating, delivering, and
exchanging offerings that have value for
customers, clients, partners, and society
at large.
LO1
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6. What Is Marketing?
Marketing entails
processes that focus on
delivering value and
benefits to customers, not
just selling goods and
services.
LO1
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7. Exchange
At Least Two Parties
Something of Value
Conditions for
Communication and Delivery
Exchange
Freedom to Accept or Reject
Desire to Deal with Other
Party
LO1
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8. Exchange
• Exchange may not take place even if
conditions are met.
• An agreement must be reached.
• Marketing occurs even if exchange
does not take place.
LO1
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9. Marketing Management
Philosophies
Describe four
marketing
management
philosophies
LO2
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10. The Four Marketing
Management Philosophies
Orientation Focus is on…
Production internal capabilities of the firm
aggressive sales techniques and belief
Sales that high sales result in high profits
satisfying customer needs and wants
Market while meeting objectives
satisfying customer needs and
Societal wants while enhancing individual and
societal well-being
LO2
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11. Pr oduction
Orientation
• Field of Dreams orientation
– “If you build it, they will come.”
– Doesn’t consider if what is produced
meets market needs
LO2
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12. Sales Orientation
• Marketing = Selling Things/Collecting
Money
– Disregards market needs and consumer
demand.
– Often find that, despite the quality of their
sales force, they cannot convince people to
buy goods or services that are neither
wanted nor needed.
LO2
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13. Market Orientation
Marketing Concept
 Focusing on customer wants and needs to
distinguish products from competitors’ offerings
 Integrating all the organization’s activities to satisfy
these wants
 Achieving the organization’s long-term goals by
satisfying customer wants and needs legally and
responsibly
LO2
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14. Achieving a Marketing
Orientation
 Obtain information about customers,
competitors, and markets
 Examine the information from a total
business perspective
 Determine how to deliver superior
customer value
 Implement actions to provide value
LO2 to customers
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15. Societal Marketing
Orientation
An organization exists not only to satisfy
customer wants but also to preserve or enhance
individuals’ and society’s long-term best
interests.
For example:
• Less toxic products
• More durable products
• Products with reusable or recyclable
materials
LO2
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16. Questions That Help Determine
Marketing Philosophy
Orientation Focus
Production What can we make or do best?
How can we sell more
Sales
aggressively?
Marketing What do customers
want and need?
Societal What do customers want/need, and
how can we benefit society?
LO2
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17. Differences between Sales and
Market Orientations
Discuss the
differences
between sales
and market
orientations
LO3
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18. Comparing the Sales and
Market Orientations
Compare through 5 characteristics:
• Organization’s focus
• Firm’s business
• Those to whom the product is directed
• Firm’s primary goal
• Tools the organization uses to achieve its
goals
LO3
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19. The Organization’s Focus
Sales Orientation
Inward looking
What the firm makes
Market Orientation
Outward looking
What the market wants
LO3
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20. Customer Value
The relationship between
benefits and the sacrifice
necessary to obtain those
benefits.
LO3
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21. Customer Value
Requirements
 Offer products that perform
 Earn trust
 Avoid unrealistic pricing
 Give the buyer facts
 Offer organization-wide commitment
in service and after-sales support
 Co-creation with customers
LO3
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22. Customer Satisfaction
Customer Satisfaction is…
the customers’ evaluation of a
good or service in terms of
whether that good or service
has met their needs and
expectations.
LO3
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23. Building Relationships
Relationship Marketing is…
a strategy that focuses on keeping and
improving relationships with customers.
Successful strategies need:
• Customer-Oriented Personnel
• Effective Training Programs
• Empowered Employees
• Teamwork
LO3
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24. Building Relationships
 Customer-oriented personnel
Every employee represents the firm in the eyes
of the customer.
 Employee training programs
 Empowered employees
Employees are given more authority to solve
customer problems on the spot.
 Teamwork
Emphasizing cooperation over competition while
helping a customer.
LO3
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25. Defining a Firm’s Business
Sales Orientation
Goods and services
Market Orientation
Benefits that customers
seek
 Ensures a customer focus
 Encourages innovation and creativity
 Stimulates an awareness of changes in customer
preferences
LO3
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26. LO3 Sales vs. Market
Orientations
Primary
Organization’s Firm’s For Profit Tools to
Focus Business Whom? Goal? Achieve
Sales Inward Selling Everybody Maximum Primarily
Orientation goods and sales promotion
services volume
Market Outward Satisfying Specific Customer Coordinated
Orientation wants and groups of satisfaction use of all
needs people marketing
activities
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27. Why Study Marketing
Describe several
reasons for studying
marketing
LO4
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28. Why Study Marketing?
Reasons for Studying Marketing
Important Important
to to
Society Business
Good Role in
Career Everyday
Opportunities Life
+
LO4 Marketing affects you every day!
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29. Chapter 1 Videos
“Company Clip” Video - Method
Beyond the Book
Do you think the company is best described as
having a market orientation or a societal-marketing
orientation?
http://www.cengage.com/marketing/book_co
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