Indigenous forests are being degraded due to a lack of alternative livelihoods, forcing people to fell trees for low-return charcoal production. Complex regulations and a lack of coordination among government ministries have made conservation difficult. The document presents a conceptual framework for analyzing the charcoal value chain within a landscape context, including production, transport, use and the various actors and factors involved at each stage. It aims to develop a landscape approach for sustainable charcoal management through multi-stakeholder coordination, improved policies, regeneration of woodlands and alternative livelihoods.
Reducing emissions through improvement of biomass energy supply chain in Sofa...IIED
A presentation by Hamid Taybo, director of ADEL discussed Sustainable Biomass Energy, at a workshop held in Paris from Thursday, 3 December to Friday, 4 December during the 21st Conference of the Parties (COP21).
The event organised by the International Institute for Environment and Development aimed to share the findings of its research to inform a wider debate on how REDD+ is contributing to addressing the drivers of land use and land use change.
The presentation focused on tackling the supply and demand.
More details: http://www.iied.org/redd-paris-what-could-be-it-for-people-forests
Reconciling policy and practice in the co-management of forests in indigenous...CIFOR-ICRAF
Presented by David Solis, Dawn Ward and Peter Cronkleton of the Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR) at the XXXV International Congress of the Latin American Studies Association, April 29 – May 1, 2017, Lima, Peru.
The Fuelwood Market Chain of Kinshasa: Socio-economic and sustainability outc...Verina Ingram
The Fuelwood Market Chain of Kinshasa: Socio-economic and sustainability outcomes of the number one household energy in the Democratic Republic of Congo. Schure Ingram Kinshasa and Kisangani
Greening the Supply Chain in Ghana and Brazil: can the private sector addre...IIED
A presentation by Marisa Camargo, researcher at the University of Helsinki, at a workshop held in Paris from Thursday, 3 December to Friday, 4 December during the 21st Conference of the Parties (COP21).
The event organised by the International Institute for Environment and Development aimed to share the findings of its research to inform a wider debate on how REDD+ is contributing to addressing the drivers of land use and land use change.
The presentation focused on 'Greening the supply chain', using case studies from Ghana and Brazil's cocoa sector.
More details: http://www.iied.org/redd-paris-what-could-be-it-for-people-forests
Landscape management for forest goods and services: between wishful thinking...CIFOR-ICRAF
This presentation by several CIFOR scientists focuses on model forest linkages, local perceptions of goods and services vs. actual deforestation processes, the example of pollination services, mechanisms to influence the current trends, PES efficiency and lessons for REDD+.
A presentation by Adeline Dontenville, REDD expert at the European Forest Institute, at a workshop held in Paris from Thursday, 3 December to Friday, 4 December during the 21st Conference of the Parties (COP21).
The event organised by the International Institute for Environment and Development aimed to share the findings of its research to inform a wider debate on how REDD+ is contributing to addressing the drivers of land use and land use change.
The presentation focused on the private sector in REDD+, and a case study from Mai Ndombe was used to illustrate engaging logging concessions in REDD+.
More details: http://www.iied.org/redd-paris-what-could-be-it-for-people-forests
Challenges and advances of implementing REDD+ at São Felix do XinguCIFOR-ICRAF
This in-depth presentation was given by Marcio Sztutman, Conservation Manager, Amazon region, The Nature Conservancy, at "REDD+ Emerging? What we can learn from subnational initiatives," a CIFOR Official Side Event at COP 20 in Lima, Peru on Friday, 5 December.
Reducing emissions through improvement of biomass energy supply chain in Sofa...IIED
A presentation by Hamid Taybo, director of ADEL discussed Sustainable Biomass Energy, at a workshop held in Paris from Thursday, 3 December to Friday, 4 December during the 21st Conference of the Parties (COP21).
The event organised by the International Institute for Environment and Development aimed to share the findings of its research to inform a wider debate on how REDD+ is contributing to addressing the drivers of land use and land use change.
The presentation focused on tackling the supply and demand.
More details: http://www.iied.org/redd-paris-what-could-be-it-for-people-forests
Reconciling policy and practice in the co-management of forests in indigenous...CIFOR-ICRAF
Presented by David Solis, Dawn Ward and Peter Cronkleton of the Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR) at the XXXV International Congress of the Latin American Studies Association, April 29 – May 1, 2017, Lima, Peru.
The Fuelwood Market Chain of Kinshasa: Socio-economic and sustainability outc...Verina Ingram
The Fuelwood Market Chain of Kinshasa: Socio-economic and sustainability outcomes of the number one household energy in the Democratic Republic of Congo. Schure Ingram Kinshasa and Kisangani
Greening the Supply Chain in Ghana and Brazil: can the private sector addre...IIED
A presentation by Marisa Camargo, researcher at the University of Helsinki, at a workshop held in Paris from Thursday, 3 December to Friday, 4 December during the 21st Conference of the Parties (COP21).
The event organised by the International Institute for Environment and Development aimed to share the findings of its research to inform a wider debate on how REDD+ is contributing to addressing the drivers of land use and land use change.
The presentation focused on 'Greening the supply chain', using case studies from Ghana and Brazil's cocoa sector.
More details: http://www.iied.org/redd-paris-what-could-be-it-for-people-forests
Landscape management for forest goods and services: between wishful thinking...CIFOR-ICRAF
This presentation by several CIFOR scientists focuses on model forest linkages, local perceptions of goods and services vs. actual deforestation processes, the example of pollination services, mechanisms to influence the current trends, PES efficiency and lessons for REDD+.
A presentation by Adeline Dontenville, REDD expert at the European Forest Institute, at a workshop held in Paris from Thursday, 3 December to Friday, 4 December during the 21st Conference of the Parties (COP21).
The event organised by the International Institute for Environment and Development aimed to share the findings of its research to inform a wider debate on how REDD+ is contributing to addressing the drivers of land use and land use change.
The presentation focused on the private sector in REDD+, and a case study from Mai Ndombe was used to illustrate engaging logging concessions in REDD+.
More details: http://www.iied.org/redd-paris-what-could-be-it-for-people-forests
Challenges and advances of implementing REDD+ at São Felix do XinguCIFOR-ICRAF
This in-depth presentation was given by Marcio Sztutman, Conservation Manager, Amazon region, The Nature Conservancy, at "REDD+ Emerging? What we can learn from subnational initiatives," a CIFOR Official Side Event at COP 20 in Lima, Peru on Friday, 5 December.
En el presente proyecto realizaremos el estudio de las principales tendencias sucedidas en la disciplina del marketing, a lo largo de toda su historia. Las cuales se verán tratadas tanto desde una perspectiva teórico-didáctica como desde la visión más práctica de la disciplina. Comenzamos con el estudio conceptual del término, a fin de que su lectura pueda ser considerada por cualquier tipo de lector, sea o no un profesional del marketing. Continuando con la investigación, que va adquiriendo matices más antropológicos, a medida que ahondamos en la misma. De esta manera queda contextualizada cada una de las etapas del desarrollo de la disciplina, mencionadas en el presente proyecto, favoreciendo así su comprensión. Además, a fin de facilitar su lectura, también se han contextualizado los apartados, dividiendo éstos a su vez en capítulos; en cada uno de los cuales se recogen las tendencias de esta disciplina en diferentes períodos. De manera que el lector pueda decidir sobre que etapa de la disciplina desea concentrar su atención y también para favorecer su revisión posterior. A fin de poder realizar mi labor como Coolhunter, en este proyecto. Una vez alcanzamos la era actual, profundizamos algo más sobre las tendencias que están marcando el rumbo del marketing en la actualidad. Analizando también aquellos sectores de influencia directa sobre las mismas. Por supuesto, no pretendemos hacer de ésta una investigación de mercados exhaustiva, ya que el objeto del presente proyecto se centra en la comprensión sobre el desarrollo de la disciplina, a través del estudio de las principales tendencias acontecidas en la misma, a lo largo de toda su historia. Habiendo sido éste considerado necesario, tras la lectura literal que se viene recogiendo en los medios, respecto de la inminente muerte del marketing “tradicional” y al que muchos parece que bautizan como única y exclusiva práctica del marketing, llegando incluso a afirmar rotundamente que “el marketing ha muerto”. Pues bien, si continúan con esta lectura, podrán ustedes comprobar con constatados hechos que “el marketing no está muerto”. Sino que, en la actualidad, éste alcanza un paradigma estratosférico para convertirse en una herramienta de colaboración social, capaz incluso de hacer de este mundo un lugar mejor.
Ingram & Fon Environmental impact asessment Community forests and Sustainable Forest Management Experiences from Cameroon Verina Ingram, SNV Netherlands Development Organisation &
FGF, Co-Chair IAIA Biodiversity Group
Fon Nsoh, COMINSUD & WHINCONET
Sustainable forest management at the local scale: A comparative analysis of c...CIFOR-ICRAF
Guillaume Lescuyer
CIRAD-CIFOR Cameroon
POPULAR project
Presentation for the conference on
Taking stock of smallholders and community forestry
Montpellier France
March 24-26, 2010
Investment in the sustainable commons conditions for commons based enterprisesCIFOR-ICRAF
Presentation by Steven Lawry and Ruth Meinzen-Dick at “GLF Discussion Forum on Commons Tenure for a Common Future” on the first day of the Global Landscapes Forum 2015, in Paris, France alongside COP21. For more information go to: www.landscapes.org.
Taking the long view USAID, USFS, USGS investment in smallholder and communit...CIFOR-ICRAF
Jordan Kimball, Scott Bode, Nicodème Tchamou, Boubacar Thiam, Diane Russell, Gray Tappan and Dan Whyner with inspiration from Tim Resch and Mike McGahuey
Taking Stock of Smallholder and Community Forestry Montpellier, 24-26 March 2010
En el presente proyecto realizaremos el estudio de las principales tendencias sucedidas en la disciplina del marketing, a lo largo de toda su historia. Las cuales se verán tratadas tanto desde una perspectiva teórico-didáctica como desde la visión más práctica de la disciplina. Comenzamos con el estudio conceptual del término, a fin de que su lectura pueda ser considerada por cualquier tipo de lector, sea o no un profesional del marketing. Continuando con la investigación, que va adquiriendo matices más antropológicos, a medida que ahondamos en la misma. De esta manera queda contextualizada cada una de las etapas del desarrollo de la disciplina, mencionadas en el presente proyecto, favoreciendo así su comprensión. Además, a fin de facilitar su lectura, también se han contextualizado los apartados, dividiendo éstos a su vez en capítulos; en cada uno de los cuales se recogen las tendencias de esta disciplina en diferentes períodos. De manera que el lector pueda decidir sobre que etapa de la disciplina desea concentrar su atención y también para favorecer su revisión posterior. A fin de poder realizar mi labor como Coolhunter, en este proyecto. Una vez alcanzamos la era actual, profundizamos algo más sobre las tendencias que están marcando el rumbo del marketing en la actualidad. Analizando también aquellos sectores de influencia directa sobre las mismas. Por supuesto, no pretendemos hacer de ésta una investigación de mercados exhaustiva, ya que el objeto del presente proyecto se centra en la comprensión sobre el desarrollo de la disciplina, a través del estudio de las principales tendencias acontecidas en la misma, a lo largo de toda su historia. Habiendo sido éste considerado necesario, tras la lectura literal que se viene recogiendo en los medios, respecto de la inminente muerte del marketing “tradicional” y al que muchos parece que bautizan como única y exclusiva práctica del marketing, llegando incluso a afirmar rotundamente que “el marketing ha muerto”. Pues bien, si continúan con esta lectura, podrán ustedes comprobar con constatados hechos que “el marketing no está muerto”. Sino que, en la actualidad, éste alcanza un paradigma estratosférico para convertirse en una herramienta de colaboración social, capaz incluso de hacer de este mundo un lugar mejor.
Ingram & Fon Environmental impact asessment Community forests and Sustainable Forest Management Experiences from Cameroon Verina Ingram, SNV Netherlands Development Organisation &
FGF, Co-Chair IAIA Biodiversity Group
Fon Nsoh, COMINSUD & WHINCONET
Sustainable forest management at the local scale: A comparative analysis of c...CIFOR-ICRAF
Guillaume Lescuyer
CIRAD-CIFOR Cameroon
POPULAR project
Presentation for the conference on
Taking stock of smallholders and community forestry
Montpellier France
March 24-26, 2010
Investment in the sustainable commons conditions for commons based enterprisesCIFOR-ICRAF
Presentation by Steven Lawry and Ruth Meinzen-Dick at “GLF Discussion Forum on Commons Tenure for a Common Future” on the first day of the Global Landscapes Forum 2015, in Paris, France alongside COP21. For more information go to: www.landscapes.org.
Taking the long view USAID, USFS, USGS investment in smallholder and communit...CIFOR-ICRAF
Jordan Kimball, Scott Bode, Nicodème Tchamou, Boubacar Thiam, Diane Russell, Gray Tappan and Dan Whyner with inspiration from Tim Resch and Mike McGahuey
Taking Stock of Smallholder and Community Forestry Montpellier, 24-26 March 2010
Sustainable processing of wood in Uganda and the Chinese market: opportunitie...IIED
This presentation by Harold Turinawe, of Merit Sawmillers Contractors Ltd and Elvis Mulimba of E & P Investments Ltd, provides the perspective on sustainable timber processing from two Ugandan businesses.
It gives an overview of the opportunities and challenges to sustainability of wood value addition and Chinese market competitiveness through quality and regulation for hard woods.
The presentation was made at the fourth international learning event of the China-Africa Forest Governance Learning Platform, held in Pemba, Mozambique, from 23-25 October 2017.
The platform event focused on finding ways for Chinese businesses in Africa, and African businesses linked to China, to generate strong benefits for local economies in Africa while looking after forest resources for future generations.
More details: https://www.iied.org/china-africa-forest-governance-meeting-mozambique
A National Management Plan for a protected non-timber CITES listed tree speci...Verina Ingram
A National Management Plan for a protected non-timber CITEs listed tree species: Prunus africana. Ingram et al. pygeum mgt plan presentation nat forum march 10
Community forestry in Madagascar: A boom and burst history?CIFOR-ICRAF
J-L. Pfund, CIFOR; L.H. Andriambelo, ESSA-Forêts; J-P. Sorg, ETH-Zurich
Presentation for the conference on
Taking stock of smallholders and community forestry
Montpellier France
March 24-26, 2010
Managing for high value timber and biodiversity in the Congo BasinCIFOR-ICRAF
This session of the 2014 IUFRO World Congress explored how biodiversity positively impacts management of high-value timber species, (e.g., protection from pests and pathogens) and, conversely, how management for high-value species helps conserve biodiversity (e.g., how planted forests can conserve biodiversity).
Forest and agroforesty options for building resilience in refugee situations:...World Agroforestry (ICRAF)
Humanitarian Networks and Partnerships Week (HNPW) 2020
Climate Crisis Inter-Network
"Fit for Purpose? Current Tools and Approaches to Mitigate Climate Risks in Humanitarian Settings"
HLPE 2019. Agroecological and other innovative approaches for sustainable agriculture and food systems that enhance food security and nutrition. A report by the High Level Panel of Experts on Food Security and Nutrition of the Committee on World Food Security, Rome
Vulnerabilities of forests and forest dependent people
Peter Minang, FTA, ICRAF
Social and environmental justice as a trigger of robust ambitious climate action and prosperous future for all
Chilean pavilion, COP 25, Madrid, 7th December 2019
An increasing multitude of insect pests and pathogens is targeting indigenous trees of natural forests, agroforestry systems, and exotic trees in planted forests in Africa. This is raising major concerns for a continent already challenged by adaptations to climate change, as it threatens a vital resource for food security of rural communities, economic growth, and ecosystem conservation. The accidental introduction through trade of non‐native species in particular is accelerating, and it adds to the damage to tree‐based landscapes by native pests and diseases. Old‐time and new invaders heavily impact planted forests of exotic eucalypts, pines, and acacias, and are spreading quickly across African regions. But many non‐native pathogens are recently found affecting important indigenous trees.
Decent work and economic growth: Potential impacts of SDG 8 on forests and fo...World Agroforestry (ICRAF)
This paper assesses the potential impact of Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 8 on forests and forest-dependent people. The concepts of decent work and economic growth are put in the context of predominant development theories and paradigms (modernization, economic growth, basic needs, sustainable development) which shape the agendas of governments, private sector, civil society, and investors. These stakeholders pursue different goals and interests, with uneven prioritization of SDG 8 targets and mixed impacts on forests and livelihoods.
Forest conservation and socio-economic benefits through community forest conc...World Agroforestry (ICRAF)
With an extension of 2.1 million ha, the Maya Biosphere Reserve (MBR) in Petén, Guatemala is the largest protected area in Central America. To reconcile forest conservation and socio-economic development, community forest concessions were created in its Multiple Use Zone (MUZ) in the late 1990s and early 2000s. Operated by a community forest enterprise (CFE), and with a cycle of 25 years, the concessions grant usufruct rights to local communities on an area of about 400,000 ha. Currently, nine concessions are active, while the contracts of two concessions were cancelled and the management plan of another suspended.
Sustainable land management for improved livelihoods and environmental sustai...World Agroforestry (ICRAF)
A healthy viable multifunctional landscape has the capability of supporting sustainable agricultural productivity, providing agroforestry and forest products (timber, fuel wood, fruits, medicine, fertilizer, gum etc.) for the sustenance of mankind while providing other environmental services. However these products are increasingly becoming unavailable due to declining soil fertility, climatic extremes, and high costs of inputs. Identifying low-cost, sustainable ways to attain food security and sustainable environment for millions of smallholder farmers in Sub Saharan Africa (SSA) remains a major developmental challenge.
Rangelands are more than just grass but rather complex and biodiverse ecosystems. Covering nearly half the world’s land area, they are in need of restoration and sustainable management.
"Understanding the Carbon Cycle: Processes, Human Impacts, and Strategies for...MMariSelvam4
The carbon cycle is a critical component of Earth's environmental system, governing the movement and transformation of carbon through various reservoirs, including the atmosphere, oceans, soil, and living organisms. This complex cycle involves several key processes such as photosynthesis, respiration, decomposition, and carbon sequestration, each contributing to the regulation of carbon levels on the planet.
Human activities, particularly fossil fuel combustion and deforestation, have significantly altered the natural carbon cycle, leading to increased atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations and driving climate change. Understanding the intricacies of the carbon cycle is essential for assessing the impacts of these changes and developing effective mitigation strategies.
By studying the carbon cycle, scientists can identify carbon sources and sinks, measure carbon fluxes, and predict future trends. This knowledge is crucial for crafting policies aimed at reducing carbon emissions, enhancing carbon storage, and promoting sustainable practices. The carbon cycle's interplay with climate systems, ecosystems, and human activities underscores its importance in maintaining a stable and healthy planet.
In-depth exploration of the carbon cycle reveals the delicate balance required to sustain life and the urgent need to address anthropogenic influences. Through research, education, and policy, we can work towards restoring equilibrium in the carbon cycle and ensuring a sustainable future for generations to come.
Willie Nelson Net Worth: A Journey Through Music, Movies, and Business Venturesgreendigital
Willie Nelson is a name that resonates within the world of music and entertainment. Known for his unique voice, and masterful guitar skills. and an extraordinary career spanning several decades. Nelson has become a legend in the country music scene. But, his influence extends far beyond the realm of music. with ventures in acting, writing, activism, and business. This comprehensive article delves into Willie Nelson net worth. exploring the various facets of his career that have contributed to his large fortune.
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Introduction
Willie Nelson net worth is a testament to his enduring influence and success in many fields. Born on April 29, 1933, in Abbott, Texas. Nelson's journey from a humble beginning to becoming one of the most iconic figures in American music is nothing short of inspirational. His net worth, which estimated to be around $25 million as of 2024. reflects a career that is as diverse as it is prolific.
Early Life and Musical Beginnings
Humble Origins
Willie Hugh Nelson was born during the Great Depression. a time of significant economic hardship in the United States. Raised by his grandparents. Nelson found solace and inspiration in music from an early age. His grandmother taught him to play the guitar. setting the stage for what would become an illustrious career.
First Steps in Music
Nelson's initial foray into the music industry was fraught with challenges. He moved to Nashville, Tennessee, to pursue his dreams, but success did not come . Working as a songwriter, Nelson penned hits for other artists. which helped him gain a foothold in the competitive music scene. His songwriting skills contributed to his early earnings. laying the foundation for his net worth.
Rise to Stardom
Breakthrough Albums
The 1970s marked a turning point in Willie Nelson's career. His albums "Shotgun Willie" (1973), "Red Headed Stranger" (1975). and "Stardust" (1978) received critical acclaim and commercial success. These albums not only solidified his position in the country music genre. but also introduced his music to a broader audience. The success of these albums played a crucial role in boosting Willie Nelson net worth.
Iconic Songs
Willie Nelson net worth is also attributed to his extensive catalog of hit songs. Tracks like "Blue Eyes Crying in the Rain," "On the Road Again," and "Always on My Mind" have become timeless classics. These songs have not only earned Nelson large royalties but have also ensured his continued relevance in the music industry.
Acting and Film Career
Hollywood Ventures
In addition to his music career, Willie Nelson has also made a mark in Hollywood. His distinctive personality and on-screen presence have landed him roles in several films and television shows. Notable appearances include roles in "The Electric Horseman" (1979), "Honeysuckle Rose" (1980), and "Barbarosa" (1982). These acting gigs have added a significant amount to Willie Nelson net worth.
Television Appearances
Nelson's char
WRI’s brand new “Food Service Playbook for Promoting Sustainable Food Choices” gives food service operators the very latest strategies for creating dining environments that empower consumers to choose sustainable, plant-rich dishes. This research builds off our first guide for food service, now with industry experience and insights from nearly 350 academic trials.
Natural farming @ Dr. Siddhartha S. Jena.pptxsidjena70
A brief about organic farming/ Natural farming/ Zero budget natural farming/ Subash Palekar Natural farming which keeps us and environment safe and healthy. Next gen Agricultural practices of chemical free farming.
Artificial Reefs by Kuddle Life Foundation - May 2024punit537210
Situated in Pondicherry, India, Kuddle Life Foundation is a charitable, non-profit and non-governmental organization (NGO) dedicated to improving the living standards of coastal communities and simultaneously placing a strong emphasis on the protection of marine ecosystems.
One of the key areas we work in is Artificial Reefs. This presentation captures our journey so far and our learnings. We hope you get as excited about marine conservation and artificial reefs as we are.
Please visit our website: https://kuddlelife.org
Our Instagram channel:
@kuddlelifefoundation
Our Linkedin Page:
https://www.linkedin.com/company/kuddlelifefoundation/
and write to us if you have any questions:
info@kuddlelife.org
Characterization and the Kinetics of drying at the drying oven and with micro...Open Access Research Paper
The objective of this work is to contribute to valorization de Nephelium lappaceum by the characterization of kinetics of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum. The seeds were dehydrated until a constant mass respectively in a drying oven and a microwawe oven. The temperatures and the powers of drying are respectively: 50, 60 and 70°C and 140, 280 and 420 W. The results show that the curves of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum do not present a phase of constant kinetics. The coefficients of diffusion vary between 2.09.10-8 to 2.98. 10-8m-2/s in the interval of 50°C at 70°C and between 4.83×10-07 at 9.04×10-07 m-8/s for the powers going of 140 W with 420 W the relation between Arrhenius and a value of energy of activation of 16.49 kJ. mol-1 expressed the effect of the temperature on effective diffusivity.
UNDERSTANDING WHAT GREEN WASHING IS!.pdfJulietMogola
Many companies today use green washing to lure the public into thinking they are conserving the environment but in real sense they are doing more harm. There have been such several cases from very big companies here in Kenya and also globally. This ranges from various sectors from manufacturing and goes to consumer products. Educating people on greenwashing will enable people to make better choices based on their analysis and not on what they see on marketing sites.
1. Livelihoods,
charcoal,
ecosystem…
• Indigenous
forests
of
precious
hardwood
species,
breeding
sites
for
wild
animals
• Lack
of
alterna9ve
livelihoods,
need
for
pasture,
promp9ng
tree
felling
for
charcoal
for
small
return
• Difficulty
of
controlling
produc9on
and
trades
and
to
conserve
with
complex
directories
and
lack
of
clear
responsibili9es
among
ministries
in
charge
2. Drivers of degradation
across landscape
Activities, actors, formal/informal multi-
sectoral regulatory frameworks across
different stages of value chain/landscape
Rural forests,
woodlands, range-
lands, farmlands
Production &
processing
Transport
End-use
Value chain
Road networks
Urban markets,
settlements
Retail by city traders
Consumption by urban
households
Carbonization by farmers /
charcoal burners
Wood harvest by farmers
Collection by
middlemen
Wholesale
by dealers
Energy
Sector
Local
Authority,
Police
Forestry
Sector
Agricul.
Sector
Land, tree
tenure
Growing
demand for
charcoal along
urbanization
Extensive tree
exploitation
Poverty, income
needs
Unclear
regulatory
frameworks,
room for
corruption,
bribes
Damaged ecosystem services,
loss of resilience
Perceived free
resources
Lifestyle change
Trade-offs
Unaffordability of
alternative energy
Lack of
incentives to
adopt
sustainable
technologies
Squeezed
margins for
charcoal
producers
Longer
supply
distance,
higher
footprints
Charcoal
Economics
in
Landscape
Context
–
Conceptual
Framework
3. goal
–
sustainable
charcoal
• Compara9ve
studies
between
African
countries,
and
even
Asia/La9n
America…
Rwanda
Case
Price
(RWF)
/32kg
Price
(USD)/kg
Producer
margin
Nyungwe
4,000
RWF
0.18
$/kg
Butare
city
5,500-‐6,000RW
F
0.24-‐0.26
$/kg
66-‐72%
Kigali
city
7,500
RWF
0.33
$/kg
53%
Kenya
Case
Price
(KSH)
/35.7kg
Price
(USD)/kg
Producer
margin
Farm
gate
price
KFS
-‐
438
Ksh
(Mara
-‐
100ksh)
0.14
$/kg
(0.03$)
Nairobi
price
1,949ksh
0.61
$/kg
22%
(5%)
(casu
(Keny
Rwanda
• Only
Forestry
Dep
–
Ministry
of
Natural
Resources
is
a
responsible
authority.
• A
land
owner
to
clear
a
plot
over
0.25
ha,
transporters
obtain
permits
from
District
Gov
which
controls
all
the
revenue,
while
Na9onal
Government
does
not
interfere.
• Charcoal
is
a
rela9vely
profitable
business
while
the
same
Eucalyptus
can
serve
mul9-‐
purposes
–
firewood,
9mber,
bean
stakes.
• In
sum,
the
impacts
of
centralized
policies,
decentralized
implementa9on,
higher
margins
for
landowner/producers,
mul9-‐
purpose
trees
compa9ble
with
local
crop-‐
livestock
systems,
are
key
4. Expected outcomes
across landscape
Landscape approach for sustainable
charcoal
Rural forests,
woodlands, range-
lands, farmlands
Production &
processing
Transport
End-use
Value chain
Road networks
Urban markets,
settlements
Multi-stakeholder
management structure to
handle externalities
Tree planting,
regeneration
Sustained income
Clear regulatory
frameworks,
little room for
corruption,
bribes
Enhanced ecosystem services,
Improved resilience
Right valuation of
resources
Synergies
Retail by city traders
Carbonization by farmers /
charcoal burners
Wood harvest by farmers
Collection by
middlemen
Wholesale
by dealers
Inter-sectoral coordination
to get the policy
environment right
Consumption by urban
households
Affordability of
efficient devices
Lifestyle change
Shorter
supply
distance,
lower
footprints
Moderate
demand for
charcoal
along
urbanization
Adoption of
sustainable
technologies
Higher
margins for
charcoal
producers
Charcoal
Economics
in
Landscape
Context
–
Conceptual
Framework