The document discusses key aspects of database management including making data sharable, consistent, and standardized across multiple departments and processes. It describes how a database management system (DBMS) is used to create, manage, and control access to the database. Examples are given of how DBMS can help with tasks like sales monitoring, marketing analysis, customer engagement, logistics management, employee records, financial planning, and more. Database design considerations involve determining tables and fields needed and relationships between tables.

1. Chapter 4
Database Management

2. • Sharable
- data that is being created at any one point in the organisation is of use for
multiple departments , processes or SBU’s, and should be easily sharable by
all the relevant departments , processes and SBU’s
•Consistent
- when dealing with multiple and completely independent data sources ,a
single fact might be stored at a number of places differently
• Reduced redundancy
- in file systems or application data stores , same data is often stored in
multiple places as well as a multiple number of times in the same data store
• Standardized
- representation of data should be in a standard form so that sharability of
data is possible

3. • Software used to create, manage and
control the database is called a database
management system (DBMS)
• Access and use of the data stored in the
database is only through the database
management system

5.  A DBMS can help in monitoring sales, summarize sales data,
inventory tracking and analysis, quick answers to ad-hoc
queries
 A marketing database can support an enterprise- level
marketing analysis , demand forecasting and distribution
management, resulting in more effective processes.
 Customer databases can help marketers to engage in selling
personalized products and services and also be used for target
marketing campaigns
 A DBMS can support the logistics , distribution and
materials management process in a very effective manner by
linking the sales database to the inventory database for realtime inventory management

6.  A database which contains the qualification and experience
details about employees can be extremely handy in job scheduling
on a daily or a weekly basis
 A database management system can be used to store the
performance history of an employee and thus help in analyzing
the training needs of the employees
 Online leave and attendance records in a database can be
extremely helpful in analyzing certain employee behaviors and
thus help the HR managers to find a solution to this problem
 An HR DBMS can help in performance evaluation and benefits
administration on a real-time basis without employees having to
write letters and letters for benefits claim
 Knowledge databases can support the organizational learning
model

7.  The data required for evaluation and creation of financial and economic
forecasting, budget and investment planning is available in financial
databases
 A DBMS system provides a facility for validation by means of validation
checks , controls and constraints.
 Using a knowledge base of financial data can help in financial and
economic forecasting which is otherwise a very lengthy and tedious
procedure.
 DBMS system can support an online bill and invoicing procedure and link
it with the delivery and receipt of products

8.  Determine the purpose of your database
 Determine the tables you need in the
database
 Determine the fields you need in the
tables
 Identify fields with unique values
 Determine
tables
the
relationships
between

9.  Represents the language of the organisation
(processes of the organisation)
 Represents the fundamental structure of the
organisation
(information
processing
requirements of each process and the information
links between various processes)
 Represents the physical structure of the
database (logical and physical schemas of the data
store)

11. Databases stored on multiple computers
that typically appears to applications as a
single database
 Thus an application can simultaneously
access and modify the data in several
databases in a network
 Databases are connected via a network,
either local a are or wide area, which may
involve different database management
systems, running on different architectures,
that distributes the execution of transactions

13. •A data warehouse is a single,
centralized, enterprise-wide repository
which combined all the data from all
legacy systems and theoretically gave all
users access to appropriate information

15. • The data for the data warehouse is first extracted
from its native sources, such as OLTP ( Online
Transaction Processing System) databases, text files,
Microsoft Access, and even spreadsheets and various
operational sources
• This data is then placed in a data warehouse that has a
structure compatible with data model
• The data stored in the data warehouse resides in the
form of facts and dimensions