The mind map is a radially arranged diagram that represents words & ideas linked to a central idea.
To clarify this definition, I’m going to show you one of my mind maps that I have done during my study for the pathology course.
This document provides a preparation strategy for the Graduate Pharmacy Aptitude Test (GPAT) exam. The GPAT is important for obtaining admission to master's programs in pharmacy at top Indian universities and for high-paying jobs after completing a Bachelor of Pharmacy degree. To qualify for the GPAT, students must score between 110-135 marks out of 500 by correctly answering 35-50 of the 125 multiple choice questions within the 3 hour time limit. The document recommends focusing first on major subjects like pharmaceutics, pharmacology, medicinal chemistry, pharmaceutical analysis, and pharmacognosy. It provides a list of important books to study different subjects and emphasizes creating a preparation plan with weekly, monthly and yearly goals to be
Rational use of antibiotics & antibiotic policyVikas Sharma
This document discusses rational antibiotic use and antibiotic policy. It covers topics like antimicrobial resistance, irrational antibiotic use, general principles for antibiotic use, and antibiotic stewardship programs. The key points are that irrational antibiotic use can lead to antimicrobial resistance, there are many factors that influence rational use like clinical guidelines and resistance patterns, and programs like CARAT aim to promote evidence-based antibiotic selection and use.
This document discusses therapeutic interchange and substitution. It defines therapeutic interchange as an authorized exchange of therapeutic equivalents according to written guidelines. A therapeutic interchange program is administered by an interdisciplinary committee including physicians and pharmacists. Therapeutic substitution allows interchange without prior physician consent according to a formulary and guidelines, with notification to the prescriber. Issues like high-risk patients and narrow therapeutic windows require special consideration for therapeutic substitution.
Artemisinin(qinghaosu), is a drug used for treatment of malaria. It is extracted from the Chinese herb Artemisia annua.
It has three major derivatives— Artemether, Artesunate and Dihydroartemisinin
The document discusses common mobile apps used in medical practice. It lists apps such as PubMed, Medscape, Drugs.com, Pediatric Oncall, Docphin, Disease Dictionary, and SlideShare. It provides information on the purpose and features of each app, including accessing medical literature, drug references, medical calculators, and medical presentations. Requirements for using the apps include a smartphone, internet access, and specialty-specific apps can be found through iMedicalApps. The document emphasizes that these apps are a valuable guide and source of ready information for medical professionals.
This document outlines recommendations for developing and implementing an antibiotic policy in hospitals. It discusses formulating the policy based on local antimicrobial susceptibility data. The policy should include guidelines for empiric, prophylactic, and definitive antibiotic therapy along with restricted and reserve drug lists. It recommends establishing an antibiotic management team to monitor implementation and assess outcomes, such as antibiotic consumption. Regular review and updating of the policy based on new clinical and susceptibility data is also advised. The overall goal is to optimize antibiotic use and slow the development of antimicrobial resistance.
Essential Medicine List concept and Rational Use of MedicinesPravin Prasad
This document discusses rational use of medicines and essential medicine lists. It defines essential medicines as those that satisfy priority healthcare needs of a population. Essential medicine lists like WHO's are created to guide availability and affordability of effective, safe medicines. Irrational medicine use can harm patients and increase costs through ineffective treatment, adverse events and drug resistance. Causes include lack of information, promotional activities and defective supply systems. The document promotes the "P-drug concept" as a rational approach - choosing effective personal drugs for conditions through a six step process considering diagnosis and therapeutic objectives.
This document provides a preparation strategy for the Graduate Pharmacy Aptitude Test (GPAT) exam. The GPAT is important for obtaining admission to master's programs in pharmacy at top Indian universities and for high-paying jobs after completing a Bachelor of Pharmacy degree. To qualify for the GPAT, students must score between 110-135 marks out of 500 by correctly answering 35-50 of the 125 multiple choice questions within the 3 hour time limit. The document recommends focusing first on major subjects like pharmaceutics, pharmacology, medicinal chemistry, pharmaceutical analysis, and pharmacognosy. It provides a list of important books to study different subjects and emphasizes creating a preparation plan with weekly, monthly and yearly goals to be
Rational use of antibiotics & antibiotic policyVikas Sharma
This document discusses rational antibiotic use and antibiotic policy. It covers topics like antimicrobial resistance, irrational antibiotic use, general principles for antibiotic use, and antibiotic stewardship programs. The key points are that irrational antibiotic use can lead to antimicrobial resistance, there are many factors that influence rational use like clinical guidelines and resistance patterns, and programs like CARAT aim to promote evidence-based antibiotic selection and use.
This document discusses therapeutic interchange and substitution. It defines therapeutic interchange as an authorized exchange of therapeutic equivalents according to written guidelines. A therapeutic interchange program is administered by an interdisciplinary committee including physicians and pharmacists. Therapeutic substitution allows interchange without prior physician consent according to a formulary and guidelines, with notification to the prescriber. Issues like high-risk patients and narrow therapeutic windows require special consideration for therapeutic substitution.
Artemisinin(qinghaosu), is a drug used for treatment of malaria. It is extracted from the Chinese herb Artemisia annua.
It has three major derivatives— Artemether, Artesunate and Dihydroartemisinin
The document discusses common mobile apps used in medical practice. It lists apps such as PubMed, Medscape, Drugs.com, Pediatric Oncall, Docphin, Disease Dictionary, and SlideShare. It provides information on the purpose and features of each app, including accessing medical literature, drug references, medical calculators, and medical presentations. Requirements for using the apps include a smartphone, internet access, and specialty-specific apps can be found through iMedicalApps. The document emphasizes that these apps are a valuable guide and source of ready information for medical professionals.
This document outlines recommendations for developing and implementing an antibiotic policy in hospitals. It discusses formulating the policy based on local antimicrobial susceptibility data. The policy should include guidelines for empiric, prophylactic, and definitive antibiotic therapy along with restricted and reserve drug lists. It recommends establishing an antibiotic management team to monitor implementation and assess outcomes, such as antibiotic consumption. Regular review and updating of the policy based on new clinical and susceptibility data is also advised. The overall goal is to optimize antibiotic use and slow the development of antimicrobial resistance.
Essential Medicine List concept and Rational Use of MedicinesPravin Prasad
This document discusses rational use of medicines and essential medicine lists. It defines essential medicines as those that satisfy priority healthcare needs of a population. Essential medicine lists like WHO's are created to guide availability and affordability of effective, safe medicines. Irrational medicine use can harm patients and increase costs through ineffective treatment, adverse events and drug resistance. Causes include lack of information, promotional activities and defective supply systems. The document promotes the "P-drug concept" as a rational approach - choosing effective personal drugs for conditions through a six step process considering diagnosis and therapeutic objectives.
Introduction Central Drug Testing Laboratories & Responsibilities
Role of Central Drugs Testing Laboratory
No of laboratories in India, No of laboratories in each State
Presented by
J. Vinay Krishna
Department of Industrial Pharmacy
Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is a process in clinical pharmacology which specializes in measuring the concentration of certain drugs in the body fluids and clinically interpreting it to obtain useful and often lifesaving information. It is defined as “the use of drug concentration measurements in body fluids as an aid to the management of drug therapy for the cure, alleviation or prevention of disease”. TDM is done only for a few selected drugs with a narrow therapeutic range where the challenge is to avoid both sub-therapeutic and overtly toxic doses.
In 1935, Gerhard Domagk discovered the first sulphonamide--prontosil rubrum. Four years later he received the Noble Prize.
Developed mouse model of sepsis with Streptococcus hemolyticus infection
Lethal model with most mice dead in 24 hours
Tested azo-dyes directly in this model.
Others had shown some azo dyes to be active in vitro against a number of bacteria but not to have any in vivo activity
COMPILED VERSION Sbh who good pharmacy practice(gpp)Sitaram Khadka
This document discusses Good Pharmacy Practice (GPP) and clinical pharmacy. It provides background on GPP and outlines the key components of a GPP framework, including legal, workforce, and economic considerations. The presentation defines clinical pharmacy as applying scientific principles to patient care and outlines the shift in pharmacy from product-focused to patient-focused care. It also discusses rational prescribing and dispensing, pharmacovigilance, drug information centers, and recommendations for a national GPP framework in Nepal.
Rational use of antibiotics & problem of antibiotic resistenseVirendra Hindustani
Rational use of antibiotics and combating antibiotic resistance is important. [1] Unnecessary antibiotic use creates selective pressure for bacteria to become resistant. [2] Fleming warned in 1945 about antibiotic resistance developing from exposure to sublethal drug doses. [3] Factors like environmental conditions, drug properties, patient factors, and prescribing practices influence antibiotic resistance.
This document discusses good pharmacy practice (GPP) and the roles of pharmacists. It defines GPP as responding to patient needs through safe and effective medication use. The core responsibilities of GPP are outlined, including supplying quality products, providing information and advice, administering medications, monitoring effects, and promoting rational prescribing and dispensing. The document then discusses specific roles of pharmacists in GPP such as preparing, storing, distributing, and disposing of medications, providing medication therapy management, improving professional performance, and contributing to healthcare system effectiveness.
This document provides an overview of an online pharmacy class for first year pharmacy students globally. It introduces topics like the different fields of pharmacy practice such as hospital, retail, and industrial pharmacy. It defines key pharmacy terms like pharmaceutics, drug, and nomenclature of drugs. The document outlines the scope of pharmacy which includes compounding, dispensing, and patient care services. It also lists opportunities for pharmacists in various settings like the pharmaceutical industry, hospitals, retail pharmacies, academia, and more. The next lecture will cover the history and literature of pharmacy.
Strategy for Preparation of GPAT
How to Start?
What to Refer?
Preparation of Pharmacology for GPAT
Understanding the Bonding between Subjects
What points to cover?
Points of Remembrance…
The document defines a prescription as a written order from a medical practitioner to a pharmacist for medications to treat a patient's condition. A prescription contains information like the prescriber's details, patient details, medication, dosage, and instructions. It discusses the parts of a prescription like date, patient information, medication prescribed, directions to the pharmacist and patient. The document also outlines how pharmacists should handle prescriptions by checking validity, collecting ingredients, compounding accurately, and labeling properly. It notes legal requirements for a valid prescription and how pharmacists identify potential drug interactions using screening tools, records, resources and clinical judgment.
Tetracyclines BY Dr. P. Ravisankar M. Pharm., Ph.D.Dr. Ravi Sankar
Tetracyclines by Dr. P. Ravisankar M. Pharm., Ph.D.
Definition
Introduction
Classification
Historical background
Sources
Chemistry
SAR of tetracyclines
Mechanism of action of tetracyclines
Spectrum of activity
Uses of tetracyclines
Side effects of tetracyclines
The Role of Pharmacist in Patient SafetyArwa M. Amin
Module: Pharmacy Professional Skills
Coordinator: Dr. Arwa M. Amin Mostafa
Academic Level: Undergraduate, B.Pharmacy
School: Dubai Pharmacy College
Year of first presented in Class: 2018
This presentation is for Educational purpose. It has no commercial value associated with it.
The document discusses compounding and dispensing practices of pharmacists. It covers topics like prescription screening, dose calculation, labeling, prevention of medication errors, and patient-specific drug delivery systems. The objectives are to understand the pharmacist's role in compounding and dispensing, be able to resolve preparation problems, apply dosing techniques based on patient conditions, and determine proper beyond-use dates for dispensed drugs.
Pharmacology: Class Session 1 and 2 Introduction to PharmacologyMariaJose2001
This is an outline of the basics of Pharmacology. A discussion of how drugs are named, classified and its effects on the person's biochemical processes. It also included the factors influencing drug action and potential drug interactions. At the end, some commonly ysed terminologies were defined.
Griseofulvin is an antifungal antibiotic produced by the fungus Penicillium griseofulvum. It works by inhibiting fungal cell mitosis and nucleic acid synthesis. It is indicated for several types of dermatophyte infections including ringworm, athlete's foot, jock itch, and nail fungus. Griseofulvin is absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and distributed to keratin-containing tissues. It has a long half-life of 9-24 hours. Common side effects include nausea, diarrhea, and photosensitivity. Clinical trials have shown griseofulvin to be effective against tinea capitis and tinea pedis, though a topical antifungal may provide
Case Studies (Clinical Pharmacy Assignment)
Case Studies
Case Study 1. Drug Related Problem
Case Study 2. Alcohol Toxicity
Case Study 3. Patient Counseling
Case Study 4. Peptic Ulcer
Case Study 5. Drug and the Newborn
Case Study 6. Night time Anxiety
Case Study 7. Clostridium Difficile
Case Study 8. Epilepsy and Pregnancy
Case Study 9. Parkinsonism
Case Study 10. Treatment May Be Worse Than Condition
Rational prescribing,dispensing and use of drugsAhmad Ali
The document discusses rational drug use and dispensing. It defines rational drug use as using the right drug for the right patient in the right dose at the right time through the right route while ensuring cost-effectiveness. Rational dispensing involves accurately interpreting prescriptions, checking for errors, precisely filling medications, properly labeling containers with instructions, and educating patients. The key steps in rational dispensing are receiving prescriptions, interpreting instructions, checking drugs, filling accurately, labeling clearly, and providing instructions to patients.
The document outlines a presentation about establishing model pharmacies in Bangladesh. It discusses the reasons for creating model pharmacies, including a lack of drug knowledge and sale of fake drugs. The objectives are to develop consumer engagement and branding strategies to promote accredited drug seller programs and model pharmacies. The goals of model pharmacies are to improve access to quality medicines through registered pharmacists, consistent care, and 24/7 service in spaces over 300 square feet. Ultimately, model pharmacies aim to improve public health by providing safe, proper medication and drug information to consumers.
This document discusses therapeutic drug monitoring of digoxin. Digoxin is a cardiac glycoside derived from Digitalis lanata and Digitalis purpurea. It has a steroidal structure with three digitoxose units bound by a glycosidic linkage. Digoxin is indicated for heart failure and atrial fibrillation with a dose of 0.125-0.25 mg tablets or 0.1-0.25 mg/mL injections. Therapeutic drug monitoring of digoxin is important due to its narrow therapeutic index and variability in patient response. Radioimmunoassay is commonly used to measure digoxin levels via competitive binding of labeled and unlabeled antigen to antibodies.
This document discusses principles of chemotherapy and antimicrobial drugs. It defines chemotherapy and different types of antimicrobials such as antibiotics, antimicrobials, antivirals etc. It describes sources of antimicrobial drugs and factors to consider for drug selection and administration like diagnosis, drug properties, and patient factors. It also covers classification of antimicrobials, mechanisms of drug resistance, problems of antimicrobial use, and advantages/disadvantages of combined drug use.
I started out by making a PPt. on Infections and Tumours in Ear , Nose and Throat for my undergraduate friends co - relating theory with practical .Ended by renaming it as Diseases of the Ear , Nose and Throat - A work book .There are Innumerous Excellent texts but a Work book is Rare !
A Power Point presentation on my experiences in Mind mapping fro 2008 to 2017.There are only pictures with captions.The slides are the bricks ,the mortar is filled by me in my lectures .
There are Hundreds of Mind maps with me , all very well documented .
Introduction Central Drug Testing Laboratories & Responsibilities
Role of Central Drugs Testing Laboratory
No of laboratories in India, No of laboratories in each State
Presented by
J. Vinay Krishna
Department of Industrial Pharmacy
Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is a process in clinical pharmacology which specializes in measuring the concentration of certain drugs in the body fluids and clinically interpreting it to obtain useful and often lifesaving information. It is defined as “the use of drug concentration measurements in body fluids as an aid to the management of drug therapy for the cure, alleviation or prevention of disease”. TDM is done only for a few selected drugs with a narrow therapeutic range where the challenge is to avoid both sub-therapeutic and overtly toxic doses.
In 1935, Gerhard Domagk discovered the first sulphonamide--prontosil rubrum. Four years later he received the Noble Prize.
Developed mouse model of sepsis with Streptococcus hemolyticus infection
Lethal model with most mice dead in 24 hours
Tested azo-dyes directly in this model.
Others had shown some azo dyes to be active in vitro against a number of bacteria but not to have any in vivo activity
COMPILED VERSION Sbh who good pharmacy practice(gpp)Sitaram Khadka
This document discusses Good Pharmacy Practice (GPP) and clinical pharmacy. It provides background on GPP and outlines the key components of a GPP framework, including legal, workforce, and economic considerations. The presentation defines clinical pharmacy as applying scientific principles to patient care and outlines the shift in pharmacy from product-focused to patient-focused care. It also discusses rational prescribing and dispensing, pharmacovigilance, drug information centers, and recommendations for a national GPP framework in Nepal.
Rational use of antibiotics & problem of antibiotic resistenseVirendra Hindustani
Rational use of antibiotics and combating antibiotic resistance is important. [1] Unnecessary antibiotic use creates selective pressure for bacteria to become resistant. [2] Fleming warned in 1945 about antibiotic resistance developing from exposure to sublethal drug doses. [3] Factors like environmental conditions, drug properties, patient factors, and prescribing practices influence antibiotic resistance.
This document discusses good pharmacy practice (GPP) and the roles of pharmacists. It defines GPP as responding to patient needs through safe and effective medication use. The core responsibilities of GPP are outlined, including supplying quality products, providing information and advice, administering medications, monitoring effects, and promoting rational prescribing and dispensing. The document then discusses specific roles of pharmacists in GPP such as preparing, storing, distributing, and disposing of medications, providing medication therapy management, improving professional performance, and contributing to healthcare system effectiveness.
This document provides an overview of an online pharmacy class for first year pharmacy students globally. It introduces topics like the different fields of pharmacy practice such as hospital, retail, and industrial pharmacy. It defines key pharmacy terms like pharmaceutics, drug, and nomenclature of drugs. The document outlines the scope of pharmacy which includes compounding, dispensing, and patient care services. It also lists opportunities for pharmacists in various settings like the pharmaceutical industry, hospitals, retail pharmacies, academia, and more. The next lecture will cover the history and literature of pharmacy.
Strategy for Preparation of GPAT
How to Start?
What to Refer?
Preparation of Pharmacology for GPAT
Understanding the Bonding between Subjects
What points to cover?
Points of Remembrance…
The document defines a prescription as a written order from a medical practitioner to a pharmacist for medications to treat a patient's condition. A prescription contains information like the prescriber's details, patient details, medication, dosage, and instructions. It discusses the parts of a prescription like date, patient information, medication prescribed, directions to the pharmacist and patient. The document also outlines how pharmacists should handle prescriptions by checking validity, collecting ingredients, compounding accurately, and labeling properly. It notes legal requirements for a valid prescription and how pharmacists identify potential drug interactions using screening tools, records, resources and clinical judgment.
Tetracyclines BY Dr. P. Ravisankar M. Pharm., Ph.D.Dr. Ravi Sankar
Tetracyclines by Dr. P. Ravisankar M. Pharm., Ph.D.
Definition
Introduction
Classification
Historical background
Sources
Chemistry
SAR of tetracyclines
Mechanism of action of tetracyclines
Spectrum of activity
Uses of tetracyclines
Side effects of tetracyclines
The Role of Pharmacist in Patient SafetyArwa M. Amin
Module: Pharmacy Professional Skills
Coordinator: Dr. Arwa M. Amin Mostafa
Academic Level: Undergraduate, B.Pharmacy
School: Dubai Pharmacy College
Year of first presented in Class: 2018
This presentation is for Educational purpose. It has no commercial value associated with it.
The document discusses compounding and dispensing practices of pharmacists. It covers topics like prescription screening, dose calculation, labeling, prevention of medication errors, and patient-specific drug delivery systems. The objectives are to understand the pharmacist's role in compounding and dispensing, be able to resolve preparation problems, apply dosing techniques based on patient conditions, and determine proper beyond-use dates for dispensed drugs.
Pharmacology: Class Session 1 and 2 Introduction to PharmacologyMariaJose2001
This is an outline of the basics of Pharmacology. A discussion of how drugs are named, classified and its effects on the person's biochemical processes. It also included the factors influencing drug action and potential drug interactions. At the end, some commonly ysed terminologies were defined.
Griseofulvin is an antifungal antibiotic produced by the fungus Penicillium griseofulvum. It works by inhibiting fungal cell mitosis and nucleic acid synthesis. It is indicated for several types of dermatophyte infections including ringworm, athlete's foot, jock itch, and nail fungus. Griseofulvin is absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and distributed to keratin-containing tissues. It has a long half-life of 9-24 hours. Common side effects include nausea, diarrhea, and photosensitivity. Clinical trials have shown griseofulvin to be effective against tinea capitis and tinea pedis, though a topical antifungal may provide
Case Studies (Clinical Pharmacy Assignment)
Case Studies
Case Study 1. Drug Related Problem
Case Study 2. Alcohol Toxicity
Case Study 3. Patient Counseling
Case Study 4. Peptic Ulcer
Case Study 5. Drug and the Newborn
Case Study 6. Night time Anxiety
Case Study 7. Clostridium Difficile
Case Study 8. Epilepsy and Pregnancy
Case Study 9. Parkinsonism
Case Study 10. Treatment May Be Worse Than Condition
Rational prescribing,dispensing and use of drugsAhmad Ali
The document discusses rational drug use and dispensing. It defines rational drug use as using the right drug for the right patient in the right dose at the right time through the right route while ensuring cost-effectiveness. Rational dispensing involves accurately interpreting prescriptions, checking for errors, precisely filling medications, properly labeling containers with instructions, and educating patients. The key steps in rational dispensing are receiving prescriptions, interpreting instructions, checking drugs, filling accurately, labeling clearly, and providing instructions to patients.
The document outlines a presentation about establishing model pharmacies in Bangladesh. It discusses the reasons for creating model pharmacies, including a lack of drug knowledge and sale of fake drugs. The objectives are to develop consumer engagement and branding strategies to promote accredited drug seller programs and model pharmacies. The goals of model pharmacies are to improve access to quality medicines through registered pharmacists, consistent care, and 24/7 service in spaces over 300 square feet. Ultimately, model pharmacies aim to improve public health by providing safe, proper medication and drug information to consumers.
This document discusses therapeutic drug monitoring of digoxin. Digoxin is a cardiac glycoside derived from Digitalis lanata and Digitalis purpurea. It has a steroidal structure with three digitoxose units bound by a glycosidic linkage. Digoxin is indicated for heart failure and atrial fibrillation with a dose of 0.125-0.25 mg tablets or 0.1-0.25 mg/mL injections. Therapeutic drug monitoring of digoxin is important due to its narrow therapeutic index and variability in patient response. Radioimmunoassay is commonly used to measure digoxin levels via competitive binding of labeled and unlabeled antigen to antibodies.
This document discusses principles of chemotherapy and antimicrobial drugs. It defines chemotherapy and different types of antimicrobials such as antibiotics, antimicrobials, antivirals etc. It describes sources of antimicrobial drugs and factors to consider for drug selection and administration like diagnosis, drug properties, and patient factors. It also covers classification of antimicrobials, mechanisms of drug resistance, problems of antimicrobial use, and advantages/disadvantages of combined drug use.
I started out by making a PPt. on Infections and Tumours in Ear , Nose and Throat for my undergraduate friends co - relating theory with practical .Ended by renaming it as Diseases of the Ear , Nose and Throat - A work book .There are Innumerous Excellent texts but a Work book is Rare !
A Power Point presentation on my experiences in Mind mapping fro 2008 to 2017.There are only pictures with captions.The slides are the bricks ,the mortar is filled by me in my lectures .
There are Hundreds of Mind maps with me , all very well documented .
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help boost feelings of calmness, happiness and focus.
This document contains sections related to prescribing information, dosage, administration instructions, clinical studies, and side effects of a medication. It includes sections on indications and usage, contraindications, warnings, adverse reactions, drug interactions, and usage in specific populations such as pediatrics. Safety information, storage instructions, and counseling points for patients are also provided.
Good service design can be a source of competitive advantage for pharmacists. This presentation describes how pharmacists can design better service experiences for patients.
Pharmacists must provide a clear and compelling description of the product or service that they are marketing. This is crucial for business and marketing communication plans
Effective communication between physician and pharmacist.Dr. Praveen kumar
This document discusses effective communication between physicians and pharmacists. It describes the roles and professional development of physicians and pharmacists. Pharmacists were traditionally seen as "lick, stick, and pour" dispensers but are now clinical pharmacists who work directly with physicians and patients to optimize medication use. The document outlines several ways physicians and pharmacists can communicate effectively, including through prescribing guidelines, drug information services, patient counseling, and pharmacy and therapeutics committees. Developing relationships and understanding each other's roles is important for collaborative patient care.
AI and Machine Learning Demystified by Carol Smith at Midwest UX 2017Carol Smith
What is machine learning? Is UX relevant in the age of artificial intelligence (AI)? How can I take advantage of cognitive computing? Get answers to these questions and learn about the implications for your work in this session. Carol will help you understand at a basic level how these systems are built and what is required to get insights from them. Carol will present examples of how machine learning is already being used and explore the ethical challenges inherent in creating AI. You will walk away with an awareness of the weaknesses of AI and the knowledge of how these systems work.
This document discusses different visualization tools used for organizing information and ideas, including mind maps, concept maps, and brainstorming. It explains that mind maps use a graphical format to structure information in a way that resembles how the brain works, and they can increase creativity, productivity and memory retention. Concept maps show relationships between concepts in a diagrammatic form and are useful for highlighting similarities, differences and sub-components of ideas. Brainstorming is a group technique to gather ideas for solving a problem. The document also provides tips to improve brainstorming sessions and lists some online tools that can be used to create mind maps and concept maps.
This document discusses how mind mapping can help increase productivity, especially for CPAs. It introduces mind mapping and the MindManager software. Mind mapping allows you to visually organize information and see connections. It engages both sides of the brain for better comprehension, creativity and problem solving. The document demonstrates how CPAs can use mind mapping templates in MindManager to synthesize information, manage processes like audits, communicate effectively, and demonstrate competence.
The document is a seminar handout on using mind maps for effective project management. It defines mind mapping as a graphical technique that utilizes colors, images, and words arranged around a central idea. Mind maps mimic the natural human thinking process and allow users to tap their full cognitive potential. The handout lists four main benefits of mind maps: they are excellent thinking tools, help perform daily activities with full capacity, improve structured approaches, and enable effective management. Examples of applying mind maps to project status reports, work breakdown structures, and travel planning are also included.
An Experimental Study On The Effectiveness Of Mind-MappingMichele Thomas
This study examines the effectiveness of mind mapping for teaching. The researchers conducted an expert interview, observational study, and experimental classroom study. In the observational study, they displayed a mind map and observed over 50 students' reactions over several hours, noting their level of engagement. In the experimental study, they taught one class using mind mapping and another using lectures, then tested both classes. They found that mind maps had a more positive impact, greater visual appeal, and better student responses than traditional lectures. The researchers concluded that mind maps may be an effective tool for communicating concepts to students.
This document provides an overview and agenda for a leadership summit on Thinking Maps presented by Ms. M. Ramirez. The summit introduces Thinking Maps and how they can be used to develop literacy skills and make connections across content areas. It explains how Thinking Maps activate different areas of the brain and support best instructional practices. Examples are provided of how Thinking Maps can be applied in reading, writing, math, science and social studies. Participants engage in hands-on activities to learn how to construct and use Thinking Maps. The summit promotes using Thinking Maps as visual tools to help students organize and apply knowledge.
Handout for "Proven Presentation Techniques", an InfoComm approved workshop b...Thomas Zangerle
This workshop will show you how you can transform your ideas into convincing interactive presentations. The most important elements of successful presentations, training sessions and meetings are straightforward to name, but not always quite so easy to implement. It's essential for the presenter to capture and maintain the attention of the audience, to present effectively, create interest, encourage excitement and to captivate the participants. In this training session we will explore how you can increase understanding and retention in a presentation. You will receive background information based on scientific research, about improving communication techniques and about the workings of the brain. You will also see examples of best practices, effective communication, and presentation designs, all of which contribute to the creation of long-lasting impressions.
Handout for "Getting the message across" a presentation by Thomas Zangerle/Wo...Thomas Zangerle
This document provides tips for creating effective presentations. It discusses focusing on significance for the audience, structuring the presentation simply with 3-4 key points, and avoiding overloading slides with text. The document emphasizes using visuals like images and charts to aid recall. It also stresses rehearsing and practicing the presentation to feel confident presenting and engaging the audience with stories and interaction.
Concept mapping and simulation are important educational tools. Concept mapping visually illustrates relationships between concepts and ideas in a hierarchical structure. It helps students organize knowledge, brainstorm ideas, and identify connections. Simulation imitates real-life situations through tasks, manikins, standardized patients, and virtual reality. Both tools provide valuable hands-on learning experiences and assessment opportunities that enhance student comprehension beyond traditional teaching methods. While requiring initial time investments, concept mapping and simulation help educators understand student needs and tailor teaching effectively.
A mind map is a pictorial representation of information with a central concept at the center and related concepts branching out. It is an alternative to linear notes. Mind maps can be created by starting with a central topic in the middle of the page and branching out main themes connected to the topic with further details branching from the main themes. Relevant software for creating mind maps include Inspiration which can be installed from the Start menu and online options like MindMeister and Bubbl.us which allow creating and sharing of mind maps.
The document discusses concept maps and their use in medical interviewing. Concept maps are a graphical representation that show relationships between concepts using nodes connected by links. They can help organize information gathered from patient interviews by showing interrelationships between symptoms, problems, concerns and other case components. Students are instructed to conduct a mock patient interview, construct a concept map as a group to represent the case, and present their map to the class.
grade 1 representation and making connectionssusan70
The document provides guidance on planning lessons using the backwards design approach. It discusses identifying learning outcomes, determining assessments, planning instructional activities, and following up on student learning. Specifically, it outlines planning for two lessons on addition and subtraction to 10. The first lesson introduces representing number stories in different ways. The second focuses on fact families and connecting representations on a number line. Assessments include student discussions and representations of number stories and problems.
This powerpoint will look at the basic differences between concept maps, mind mapping, graphic organizers, and outlines ... all as a form of graphically representing mental schema. By Jesse Gentile
This document discusses concept maps and their importance for meaningful learning. It begins by defining concept maps as diagrams that show relationships among concepts. Concept maps help students learn more meaningfully by showing how ideas are connected and helping information transfer from short-term to long-term memory. The document then outlines the steps for constructing a concept map and provides examples of different concept map types. It emphasizes that concept maps can clarify thinking, reinforce understanding, and identify misconceptions.
Oral presentations allow individuals to present their thoughts and views confidently to a live audience. They combine verbal and nonverbal communication to effectively convey information and convince the audience of a viewpoint. Proper planning, preparation, and practice are important for an effective oral presentation. This includes determining the objective, audience, venue, main points, and supporting information. Mind maps and concept maps are useful visual tools that can be used in planning an oral presentation. They help structure information and show relationships between topics to give the audience context. The introduction of an oral presentation is the most important part and should capture the audience's interest, provide context, pose the central question or issue, and offer a concise answer or argument.
The document provides instructions for medical students on how to construct a concept map based on information gathered from interviewing a simulated patient. It explains that concept maps can help organize complex patient information by showing relationships between different concepts like symptoms, problems, and concerns. Students are guided to identify key concepts from the case, arrange them into groups on a poster, and draw connections between concepts to understand how different factors in a patient's life are interrelated. Making a concept map is intended to help students understand the patient as a whole person in context.
This document discusses concept maps and their theoretical foundations and uses in teaching and learning. It covers:
1. The key ideas underlying concept maps, including that they are based on theories of knowledge and learning, representing concepts and propositions in a way that shows relationships.
2. The theoretical foundations of concept maps, including Ausubel's assimilation theory of learning and Novak's research applying this to education.
3. Examples of how concept maps can be used for teaching, learning, assessment, and knowledge sharing including capturing expert knowledge and facilitating teamwork.
1) The document describes an ICT lesson where Year 1 students used iPads and the Pic Collage app to create wedding invitations based on plans they had drafted.
2) The teacher demonstrated how to use Pic Collage and had students work in pairs to combine their invitation ideas into a single digital invitation.
3) Students were able to insert text, change backgrounds and fonts, and provided peer feedback using a "two stars and a wish" method to reflect on their work.
This document discusses strategies for increasing student engagement through integrating substantive student conversations, visual literacy, and higher-order questioning. It provides examples of turn and talk activities, graphic organizers, and advance organizers that teachers can use to visually represent information and facilitate student discussions. The goal is to get students actively involved in learning through interpreting images, organizing and sharing their understanding with peers, and responding to open-ended questions.
The document advertises a mind mapping course to help students address challenges with concentration, understanding, memory and recall. It claims mind mapping uses the brain in a "brain compatible" way to improve learning and results. The course teaches mind mapping techniques, laws and applications for planning, note-taking, problem-solving and studying. Students will learn how to create and understand mind maps and apply the skills to various uses. The goal is to empower students with powerful scientific study skills to perform better. The course is taught by Koteshwar, a certified mind mapping trainer.
This document discusses the importance of visual literacy in STEM education. It argues that imagery is a fundamental part of STEM learning and that students must develop skills in interpreting and communicating information presented visually. The document recommends that educators incorporate visual elements like diagrams, charts, and student sketching into lessons to help students better understand concepts and retain information. It also advocates maintaining science notebooks modeled after Leonardo Da Vinci's notebooks to improve student observation, creative expression, and metacognition.
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TEST BANK For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition by...Donc Test
TEST BANK For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition by Stamler, Verified Chapters 1 - 33, Complete Newest Version Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition by Stamler, Verified Chapters 1 - 33, Complete Newest Version Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition by Stamler Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition TEST BANK by Stamler Test Bank For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Pdf Chapters Download Test Bank For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Pdf Download Stuvia Test Bank For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Study Guide Test Bank For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Ebook Download Stuvia Test Bank For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Questions and Answers Quizlet Test Bank For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Studocu Test Bank For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Quizlet Test Bank For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Stuvia Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Pdf Chapters Download Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Pdf Download Course Hero Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Answers Quizlet Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Ebook Download Course hero Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Questions and Answers Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Studocu Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Quizlet Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Stuvia Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Test Bank Pdf Chapters Download Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Test Bank Pdf Download Stuvia Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Test Bank Study Guide Questions and Answers Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Test Bank Ebook Download Stuvia Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Test Bank Questions Quizlet Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Test Bank Studocu Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Test Bank Quizlet Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Test Bank Stuvia
Recomendações da OMS sobre cuidados maternos e neonatais para uma experiência pós-natal positiva.
Em consonância com os ODS – Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável e a Estratégia Global para a Saúde das Mulheres, Crianças e Adolescentes, e aplicando uma abordagem baseada nos direitos humanos, os esforços de cuidados pós-natais devem expandir-se para além da cobertura e da simples sobrevivência, de modo a incluir cuidados de qualidade.
Estas diretrizes visam melhorar a qualidade dos cuidados pós-natais essenciais e de rotina prestados às mulheres e aos recém-nascidos, com o objetivo final de melhorar a saúde e o bem-estar materno e neonatal.
Uma “experiência pós-natal positiva” é um resultado importante para todas as mulheres que dão à luz e para os seus recém-nascidos, estabelecendo as bases para a melhoria da saúde e do bem-estar a curto e longo prazo. Uma experiência pós-natal positiva é definida como aquela em que as mulheres, pessoas que gestam, os recém-nascidos, os casais, os pais, os cuidadores e as famílias recebem informação consistente, garantia e apoio de profissionais de saúde motivados; e onde um sistema de saúde flexível e com recursos reconheça as necessidades das mulheres e dos bebês e respeite o seu contexto cultural.
Estas diretrizes consolidadas apresentam algumas recomendações novas e já bem fundamentadas sobre cuidados pós-natais de rotina para mulheres e neonatos que recebem cuidados no pós-parto em unidades de saúde ou na comunidade, independentemente dos recursos disponíveis.
É fornecido um conjunto abrangente de recomendações para cuidados durante o período puerperal, com ênfase nos cuidados essenciais que todas as mulheres e recém-nascidos devem receber, e com a devida atenção à qualidade dos cuidados; isto é, a entrega e a experiência do cuidado recebido. Estas diretrizes atualizam e ampliam as recomendações da OMS de 2014 sobre cuidados pós-natais da mãe e do recém-nascido e complementam as atuais diretrizes da OMS sobre a gestão de complicações pós-natais.
O estabelecimento da amamentação e o manejo das principais intercorrências é contemplada.
Recomendamos muito.
Vamos discutir essas recomendações no nosso curso de pós-graduação em Aleitamento no Instituto Ciclos.
Esta publicação só está disponível em inglês até o momento.
Prof. Marcus Renato de Carvalho
www.agostodourado.com
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of the physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar lead (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
6. Describe the flow of current around the heart during the cardiac cycle
7. Discuss the placement and polarity of the leads of electrocardiograph
8. Describe the normal electrocardiograms recorded from the limb leads and explain the physiological basis of the different records that are obtained
9. Define mean electrical vector (axis) of the heart and give the normal range
10. Define the mean QRS vector
11. Describe the axes of leads (hexagonal reference system)
12. Comprehend the vectorial analysis of the normal ECG
13. Determine the mean electrical axis of the ventricular QRS and appreciate the mean axis deviation
14. Explain the concepts of current of injury, J point, and their significance
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. Chapter 3, Cardiology Explained, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK2214/
7. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/kqbnxVAZs-0
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/SINlygW1Mpc
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
Here is the updated list of Top Best Ayurvedic medicine for Gas and Indigestion and those are Gas-O-Go Syp for Dyspepsia | Lavizyme Syrup for Acidity | Yumzyme Hepatoprotective Capsules etc
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
share - Lions, tigers, AI and health misinformation, oh my!.pptxTina Purnat
• Pitfalls and pivots needed to use AI effectively in public health
• Evidence-based strategies to address health misinformation effectively
• Building trust with communities online and offline
• Equipping health professionals to address questions, concerns and health misinformation
• Assessing risk and mitigating harm from adverse health narratives in communities, health workforce and health system
Muktapishti is a traditional Ayurvedic preparation made from Shoditha Mukta (Purified Pearl), is believed to help regulate thyroid function and reduce symptoms of hyperthyroidism due to its cooling and balancing properties. Clinical evidence on its efficacy remains limited, necessitating further research to validate its therapeutic benefits.
3. It is not enough to be a hard worker, you have to have a creative way to deal with the challenges of the “Information Explosion” A mind mapper
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Editor's Notes
GOOD afternoon The title of my presentation is MIND MAPPING for pharmacy education & practice.
I’d like firstly to talk about the concept of mind mapping. We all know that the complexity of knowledge & the difficulty in retaining & recalling our prior knowledge & building upon it contribute to learning problems. The mind mapping tech was found to aid in resolving these learning problems
as it’s a creative tool that we really need nowadays to deal with “information explosion”
Information Explosion !! That is information which comes from everywhere.
The mind map is a radially arranged diagram that represents words & ideas linked to a central idea. To clarify this definition, I’m going to show you one of my mind maps that I have done during my study for the pathology course.
This map shows the difference in the ccs of the benign & the malignant tumours. For any mind map the paper should be in the landscape style and the main idea should be in the center, then branches carrying the subtitles are drawn around the main idea.
Then the branches are sub-divided into other sub-branches carrying related ideas.
Till the map is completed, carrying every idea related to the main topic at the center. After that, figures, symbols, and colors are used and attached to every keyword in those ideas to represent them and make them easier to recall.
Let me now explain how the Mind Maps could be effective in solving learning problems. The structure of the mind map allows the learner to move from the general ideas to the details of the topic, So the level of branches and the size of the map could represent the amount of knowledge regarding a certain topic, and I will show later how to get benefit of this in curriculum planning. Also linking between ideas using arrows, helps in understanding the subject and recalling it easily and makes the subject appears as one unit.
For more clarification, please look at this map which summarizes one of the chapters that I have studied in biochemistry You can see here how the arrows make links between the ideas and how they can travel freely through the whole map to make connections within it.
Using branches & links couldn’t be done unless the map is drawn on one page Drawing the mind map on one paper enables the learner to see the topic as one unit, to determine what is already known and where the new info should be added. Also memorizing one paper is easier than too many pages from books or any other sources. That’s why I used to compare the no. of pages of the source that I have to study from with the single paper map I have done and I feel proud of my map.
We know that each side of the brain has its own function for e.g. the right S. is responsible for imagination, artistic & musical awareness, & spatial orientation . While the left side is responsible for reasoning, spoken & written language, & mathematical skills, So the mind map allows both sides of the brain to work because it contains words, numbers, figures, symbols and colors
The use of figures & symbols in the mind map is of massive importance because a picture can paint a 1,000 words and that we always remember strange things, so incorporating strange pictures within the mind map helps in remembering it.
These are parts from the microbiology book (tortora) on DNA replication. Using a figure like that makes the subject easy to understand, memorize, & recall. Because it is more suitable for our brains than those blocks of paragraphs and because it also makes ideas come alive, so it enables us to imagine the process of DNA replication as if we see it.
This is another example that simplify the process of blood glucose level regulation.
The interesting thing about mind map is that it looks exactly similar in its structure to the neurons. This prove that our brains are designed to better understand & remember information that are put in the form of brain cells. Ok
Let me now turn to the inventor of the mind maps. The mind map was invented in the 70s by a popular psychology author called Tony Buzan T.B. writes on subjects related to the brain, memory, creativity, & speed reading and he is now in Egypt for the 1 st time to give a course for 3 days on mind mapping & other learning & teaching techniques.
As pharmacists, we can get benefit of the mind mapping technique in all pharmacy aspects like: education, teaching, & practice. And I’ve just explained how it could benefit in education & in solving learning problems.
Regarding its use in teaching, it allows any teacher or lecturer to achieve flexibility in talking with complete representation of the subject without omitting any point. As I mentioned earlier the mind maps could aid in curriculum planning by determining the level of branches that is needed for the susceptible learner, because proceeding from the more general, to more specific information usually encourages meaningful learning.
Moreover, I’ve read that the Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU) has applied the concept of mind mapping in a pharmacy course called “The Communications in Pharmacy Practice” The instructors of that course aimed at emphasizing meaningful learning and discouraging rote memorization of course material to improve student retention of information, so the students were divided into small groups to demonstrate the concepts taught to them during the course.
This map is done by one of the students there and it shows many inter-relationships between the pharmaceutical care & communication with patients.
This is a 25-foot long Boeing Aircraft mind map. This map is claimed to enable a team of aeronautical engineers to learn in a few weeks what would have taken a few years, so mind mapping is also a very efficient tool for Accelerated learning.
After my training in the dental clinic, I realized that mind mapping could also be used in patient education and I’m going to tell you how. During my first meeting with the patients there, I found myself telling them a lot of information that might be directly forgotten before leaving the clinic, so I intended to write this information on papers to give them to my patients on the next visit to the clinic, so I’ve written 3 papers about HVC, HTN, and Diabetes. What encouraged me to do that is that I found all the patients in the first meeting could read, but unfortunately when I went to the clinic for the 2 nd time, my patients were ignorant, so I gave them these papers and told them to make someone else read it to them. Thus I believe that if I had this form, I would help them more.
This is another e.g., that could be used for both students & patients to educate them about diabetes risk factors.
This graph represents the duration of action of different types of insulin. It also can benefit both students & patients.
Turning to my experience in mind mapping, I began using the mind mapping tech. since I was in the 2 nd year in pharmacy, I 1 st knew about it from my father; by the way he is a consultant surgeon, a fellow of the royal collage of surgeons in UK and a healthcare quality expert as well. I enjoy studying using mind mapping because: 1- It is a creative manner of studying as it makes me think how to put every info related to the subject on a single paper: with drawing & putting symbols for the keywords in order not to forget them So it was very interesting more than the traditional way of memorizing too many paragraphs that look like each other. 2- It helps me to easily recall what I have learned 3. It makes me see the whole picture and the details at the same time so when I used the mind mapping tech. during my study of pharmacy I didn’t have to keep too many pages in my mind and I didn’t have to revise all of them before the exams. Some of my maps are done using a computer software and the others are done by handwriting, and after the talk I’ll show you some of them.
I just want to say that we can get benefit of this technique in all aspects of our life as it helps to generate ideas, organize our thoughts, plan our time, make us learn faster, teach & inspire, prepare exciting presentations, communicate well, and unlock our minds. That’s why I believe that mind mapping should be the technique of choice for future learning & teaching particularly in pharmacy. Thank You.