This document discusses miliary opacities in the lungs, which are small pulmonary nodules scattered throughout the lungs. It divides causes into those that cause fevers and those that do not. Afebrile causes include tuberculosis, fungal infections, metastases from various cancers like thyroid carcinoma, and conditions like sarcoidosis, pneumoconioses, and pulmonary hemosiderosis. Febrile causes are primarily various infections like tuberculosis, fungi, and viruses, as well as illnesses such as nocardiosis and salmonella.

1. MILIARY NODULES

2. •Miliary opacities (lungs) ... The
term miliary opacities refers to
innumerable, small 1-4 mm pulmonary
nodules scattered throughout the lungs. It
is useful to divide these patients into
those who are febrile and those who are
not.

6. PULMONARY LOBULE

15. Etiology
The causes can be broadly subgrouped dependent on whether
or not the patient is febrile.
Afebrile
A. Infection
•Tuberculosis (often febrile but may be afebrile)
[miliary tuberculosis]
•Fungal (often febrile)
[immunocompromised or elderly patients may be afebrile]
•Healed varicella pneumonia

16. B.Miliary metastases
•thyroid carcinoma
•renal cell carcinoma
•breast carcinoma
•malignant melanoma
•pancreatic neoplasms
•osteosarcoma
•trophoblastic disease

17. C. Others
•Sarcoidosis: miliary sarcoidosis 8
•Pneumoconioses
•silicosis
•coal workers pneumoconiosis
•Pulmonary hemosiderosis
•Hypersensitivity pneumonitis
•Langerhans cell histiocytosis

18. Febrile
1.Infection
•tuberculosis
•fungal
•viral pneumonitis
•nocardiosis
•salmonella
2.Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (mild fever if any)