Tuberculosis (TB) is a global health problem caused by various strains of Mycobacterium, primarily M. tuberculosis. Risk factors include HIV/AIDS, drug use, and conditions affecting the immune system. According to the WHO, TB caused over 2 million deaths worldwide in 2009. Symptoms include cough, fever, weight loss, and night sweats. Treatment of drug-resistant TB is complex and costly. Containing the bacteria requires activation of CD4 lymphocytes and macrophages through interferon secretion. Prompt treatment and adherence to medication regimens is important to cure the disease and prevent further transmission.