This document discusses several key topics related to human migration including push and pull factors, voluntary vs forced migration, refugees vs asylum seekers, internally displaced persons, and refugee resettlement statistics. It defines refugees according to the 1951 Refugee Convention and notes the top refugee producing countries. It also explains that internally displaced persons differ from refugees in that they have not crossed an international border despite facing similar circumstances like conflict, violence or disasters.
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This book--edited by Cynthia Arnson, Haleh Esfandiari and Adam Stubits-- is a collection of essays and articles about Iran’s relationship with Latin America during the administration of Iranian President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad. Some of the contributors are Douglas Farah, Felix Maradiaga, Elodie Brun, Hugo Alconada, Javier Meléndez, Gustavo Fernández et. al. The book was published by The Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars.
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This book--edited by Cynthia Arnson, Haleh Esfandiari and Adam Stubits-- is a collection of essays and articles about Iran’s relationship with Latin America during the administration of Iranian President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad. Some of the contributors are Douglas Farah, Felix Maradiaga, Elodie Brun, Hugo Alconada, Javier Meléndez, Gustavo Fernández et. al. The book was published by The Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars.
A planet and its people under pressure: why cities matterBe2camp Admin
A planet and its people under pressure: why cities matter, a presentation by Paul Toyne, Global Head of Sustainability at WSP - presentation given at Be2camp workshop at Green Build Expo in Manchester on 8 May 2013
A planet and its people under pressure: why cities matterBe2camp Admin
A planet and its people under pressure: why cities matter, a presentation by Paul Toyne, Global Head of Sustainability at WSP - presentation given at Be2camp workshop at Green Build Expo in Manchester on 8 May 2013
The Syrian refugee situation, has become one of the biggest humanitarian crisis’ in the last decade. An estimated 9 million Syrians have fled their homes since the outbreak of civil war in March 2011. We see it on tv. We read about it in the news…but do we understand who and what a refugee is?
Forced migration has accompanied persecution, as well as war, throughout human history but has only become a topic of serious study and discussion relatively recently. This increased attention is the result of greater ease of travel, allowing displaced persons to flee to nations far removed from their homes, the creation of an international legal structure of human rights, and the realizations that the destabilizing effects of forced migration, especially in parts of Africa, the Middle East, south and central Asia, ripple out well beyond the immediate region.
■ IntroductionRefugees are migrants who leave their countrie.docxoswald1horne84988
■ Introduction
Refugees are migrants who leave their countries of ori-
gin for asylum, or a safe place to live, because of ongo-
ing armed conflict or fear of persecution based on their
religion, race, nationality, political affiliation, or mem-
bership in a persecuted social group, or a combination
of these items, within their home countries. Refugees
are either unwilling or unable to return to their coun-
tries of origin. The types of persecution that refugees
fear include cruel and inhumane treatment, unjust pun-
ishments, and threats of torture or death.
Unlike immigrants, who leave their home countries
seeking economic, educational, or social opportunities,
refugees seek to escape persecution and harm. Like inter-
nally displaced persons (IDPs), refugees are displaced from
their home because of safety and other humanitarian
concerns. IDPs remain in their country, however, under
the protection of their own government, while refugees
leave theirs. Refugees displaced outside of their home coun-
tries usually cannot return home, in contrast to immigrants,
who typically have the ability to return home without fear
of intimidation and oppression.
Causes of Displacement
One major reason why refugees are displaced is because
they live in a war zone caused by conflicts between their
home country and other countries. Other refugees leave
their homes because they face internal conflicts such as
civil wars or terrorism, and still others leave because of
turmoil caused by armed conflicts between neighboring
states. Refugees also flee due to agricultural problems
and food scarcity caused by water shortages and deserti-
fication, as well as by natural disasters such as floods,
earthquakes, hurricanes, and tornadoes. (Desertification
is the process of productive agricultural land being
turned into desert through deforestation, industrial ag-
riculture, or drought, or a combination of such items.)
Additionally, an economic collapse within a country or
fluctuations in local or international financial markets can
cause people to leave a country for safety and jobs
elsewhere. Some people live in fragile nations governed by
unpredictable dictators or weak or illegitimate political
systems, and these refugees choose to leave because of fear
of persecution or systemic instability. Finally, dangerous
cultural conflicts involving persecution over religion, lan-
guage, education, sexual orientation, and other factors also
cause people to flee their homes and seek asylum elsewhere.
International Understanding
of Refugee Status
Whatever the causes of refugees’ flight, their status is
defined and protected by international laws endorsed by
the members of the United Nations (UN), a body of
diplomatic representatives from countries around the
world. One such law, Article 1 of the Universal Declara-
tion of Human Rights (1948), states that “all human
beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights”
and “should act towards one another in a spirit of
brotherhood.
FMO has adopted the definition of ‘forced migration’ promoted by the International Association for the Study of Forced Migration (IASFM) which describes it as ‘a general term that refers to the movements of refugees and internally displaced people (those displaced by conflicts) as well as people displaced by natural or environmental disasters, chemical or nuclear disasters, famine, or development projects.’ FMO views forced migration as a complex, wide-ranging and pervasive set of phenomena. The study of forced migration is multidisciplinary, international, and multisectoral, incorporating academic, practitioner, agency and local perspectives. FMO focuses on three separate, although sometimes simultaneous and inter-related, types of forced migration. These three types are categorized according to their causal factors: conflict, development policies and projects, and disasters.
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The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
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Bills have a main role in point of sale procedure. It will help to track sales, handling payments and giving receipts to customers. Bill splitting also has an important role in POS. For example, If some friends come together for dinner and if they want to divide the bill then it is possible by POS bill splitting. This slide will show how to split bills in odoo 17 POS.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
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Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
The Indian economy is classified into different sectors to simplify the analysis and understanding of economic activities. For Class 10, it's essential to grasp the sectors of the Indian economy, understand their characteristics, and recognize their importance. This guide will provide detailed notes on the Sectors of the Indian Economy Class 10, using specific long-tail keywords to enhance comprehension.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
2. Push or Pull Factors
Economic
employment
poverty
Cultural/Political
government
ethnic or religious conflict
civil war
Environmental
climate
natural disasters
drought
3. Voluntary or Forced
Voluntary migration usually occurs as a
result of a choice related to economic
conditions
Forced migration means the migrant has
been compelled to move most likely due
to cultural factors
4. The United States is currently the most popular
destination for immigrants
5. Russia is the second most popular destination
for immigrants
6. Refugees
A very simplified definition of a refugee is
“someone who is afraid to go home.”
According to the 1951 Convention Relating to
the Status of Refugees, a refugee is a person
who “owing to a well-founded fear of being
persecuted for reasons of race, religion,
nationality, membership in a particular social
group, or political opinion, is outside the
country of his nationality, and is unable to or,
owing to such fear, is unwilling to avail himself
of the protection of that country.”
http://www.openingdoorsinc.com/whatwedo_refugeeresettlementprogramfaq.php#FAQ1
7. Asylum Seekers or Refugees?
The US maintains a distinct program for asylum seekers, as opposed to
resettled refugees. Asylum seekers are persons who have fled their
countries of nationality as a result of armed conflict, violence, persecution,
human rights violations, etc., and are seeking protection and immunity from
forced return by the government of the country in which they are seeking
asylum. For the most part, asylum seekers are individuals who have, by
any of a variety of means, transported themselves to the country in
which they are seeking asylum. Upon arrival in the "safe" country, an
asylum seeker must plead his or her case before the relevant government
agency in the hopes that the request will be granted and the individual will
be allowed to permanently settle in the country of asylum.
In contrast, refugees are people who have fled their countries of nationality
for reasons generally similar to those mentioned above. For the most part,
however, refugees flee en masse, often by foot, into the nearest
neighboring country (the vast majority of Rwandan refugees, for example,
fled to Tanzania and what today is known as the Democratic Republic of the
Congo).
http://www.migrationinformation.org/feature/display.cfm?ID=229
8. Refugee Stats
The World Refugee Survey reports that there are more than
13 million refugees worldwide. In 2000, the US resettled
72,515 refugees; more than any other country in the world.
The President of the United States determines how many
refugees may be admitted into the country. For 2011, it was
determined that up to 80,000 refugees could be admitted to
the US under the following regional allocations (quotas):
Africa: 15,000
East Asia: 19,000
Europe and Central Asia: 2,000
Latin America/Caribbean: 5,500
Near East/South Asia: 35,500
Unallocated Reserve: 3,000
(Source: ImmigrationPolicy.org)
Since WW2 more refugees have found homes in the US
than any other nation
Since 1980, the US has accepted 2,000,000+ refugees
http://www.openingdoorsinc.com/whatwedo_refugeeresettlementprogramfaq.php#FAQ1
http://www.migrationinformation.org/feature/display.cfm?ID=229
10. Internally Displaced Persons
Internally displaced persons are “persons or
groups of persons who have been forced or
obliged to flee or to leave their homes or places of
habitual residence, in particular as a result of or in
order to avoid the effects of armed conflict,
situations of generalized violence, violations of
human rights or natural or human-made disasters,
and who have not crossed an internationally
recognized State border.”
IDPs endure similar circumstances as refugees,
but lack legal protection because there is no
international border crossing
http://www.jrsea.org/refugees