The 9/11 terrorist attacks had widespread impacts across political, economic, social, and cultural domains both domestically and internationally. Politically, it led to the creation of the Department of Homeland Security and increased defense spending. Economically, markets dropped sharply and New York lost jobs and wages, slowing the U.S. and global economies. Socially, travel decreased and anti-Muslim sentiment rose. While some argue it initially unified people, others believe it increased divergence and hostility between countries and religions over time.

1. How did the attacks on Sept. 11th create not only
a domestic economic crisis but more importantly
impacted a greater need for political, economic
and security collaboration?

2. Introduction
• September 11th 2001, passenger
airliners were hijacked by al-Qaeda terrorists.
American Airlines Flight 11 and United
Airlines Flight 175 crashed into the Twin
Towers in New York City. A third plane
crashed into the Pentagon and the fourth was
enroute to the country’s capital but crashed in
a field. Almost 3,000 people were injured
from the attacks and changed America
forever. On that day, the whole country
united as one to collaborate together. The
attacks affected economies, political policies,
advanced security and resulted in over a
decade long war. These attacks did not only
effect the United States but the rest of the
world.
Video:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hAgRZzpYAcw

3. Articulation: Economic/Business
• The Dow Jones was closed for a week from
September 11th- September 14th and after
reopening it, it dropped %14.3, which was
one of the greatest drops in history. The
stocks lost over a trillion dollars in a week.
• In New York City almost 500,000 jobs and
almost 3 billion in wages were lost and
small businesses were greatly affected. Last
3 months the city’s GDP declined almost 28
billion dollars. The gross rate in the 3rd
quarter of 2001 decreased 15% along with
the U.S GDP deceasing with it at 1.3%.

4. Articulation: Social
• Affecting both the domains of social,
economical and business, travel greatly
decreased in 2001, which is one of the main
exports industries in America. Many people
were skeptical of flying and afraid of
reoccurring events.
• It affected how society viewed Muslim
groups. Many people in the United
States became hostile with Muslims
and associated terrorism with the
religion. Numerous hate crimes were
reported against Muslims

5. Articulation: Political
• One of the greatest impacts politically was
the importance of homeland security. The
government created the Department of
Homeland Security. Soon after the attacks,
the USA Patriot Act was passed shortly
after the attacks, which allowed law
enforcement agencies to search U.S
citizens without warrants. It affected many
other countries, putting them in high alert
• The War in Afghanistan had a huge impact
on politics. The Federal Budget for the
National Defense was increased
significantly, spending almost an extra 300
billion dollars.

6. Cogitation: Domain Interactions
• Political:
– Homeland Security Department and the National
Counterterrorism Center were created in response to the attacks.
– Largest policy affected by 9/11 was the U.S Foreign policy.
– USA Patriot Act- policy reduced restrictions that were on law
enforcement agencies allowing the ability to search telephones,
emails, medical, financial and other records.
– War on Terror
– U.S. relations grew
• China immediately announced its cooperation with the U.S.
to fight terrorism
– Foreign countries also had to implement improved policies and
methods to keep their country safe.
• European Union reformed some anti-terrorist policies and
programs as well.

7. Cogitation: Domain Interactions
• Economic:
– Increased defense spending also led to a debt crisis
which led to rarely downgrade to United States
debt by the Standard and Poor's. This also
contributed to increased oil prices which shown
gradual increase several years after the 9/11
events. The 9/11 events also contributed to
weakening the dollar against the euro and dollar
declined about 33% against the euro in five years
after the attacks.
– All major economies witnessed slower economic
growth, extended losses on stock markets, higher
insurance costs and increased shipping costs.
– Many countries increased their defense spending
which contributing to slowing their growth.
– Additional security measures resulted in increased
cost of doing business and delayed shipments
which effected the business among different
countries

8. Cogitation: Domain Interactions
Cultural:
– The number of hate crimes towards Muslims groups
increased drastically.
– Another aspect that dramatically changed was
immigration in our country. Countries that had its
number of Visa issuances decrease the most were
Pakistan, Egypt, and Morocco. Pakistan tourist visas
dropped by 70 percent. Also, deportations increased
heavily. According to data from the department of
Homeland Security, from 2001-2010, deportation rose
by 104 percent.
– People who looked Islamic in the slightest were getting
mistreated wherever they would go, especially in U.S.
airports. Also, media and pop culture in America started
to turn anti-war. After many of our troops falling and
our whole country divided, America really wasn’t sure
what we were fighting for anymore. That’s why in other
countries; most civilians hated Americans.

9. Cogitation: Convergence Perspective
• For a short period of time, 9/11 brought the world together. The
victims of the tragedy consisted of citizens from over 90 nations. It
was an attack on humanity.
• People around the world stood in solitude for people in the United
States and said prayers in churches, mosques, and synagogues
around the world.
• The United States was unified as one whole state during the attacks
to work together to overcome the travesty.
• All across the globe, each country paid tribute to the United States.
– For example, In Sweden, Norway, Finland and Russia, radio
stations had a moment of silence for the victims. In Beijing, tens
of thousands of people visited the U.S Embassy with flowers. In
the Middle East, Palestinian and Israeli leaders condemned the
attacks and held donations of blood for victims
– Many countries stating “This is an attack on all of us”.

10. Cogitation: Divergence Perspective
• Many would disagree with a
convergence perspective correlating
with 9/11, in fact many would view
the opposite.
• This war on terror divided the world
culturally, with many different
religions feeling hostile to Muslim
groups.
• Most countries have their guard up
from the Middle East and have greatly
increased their national defense and
security.
• Some Americans even have such a
strong national identity and thought
less of any other country.

11. Evaluation: Winners
• Individual Winners: the American
People and the soldiers fighting at war.
• Group/Organization Winners: The
Department of Homeland Security and
the Transportation Security
Administration.
• Nation Winner: The United States of
America

12. Evaluation: Losers
• Individual Losers: Victims of 9/11
attacks, Osama Bin Laden, & Khalid
Sheikh Mohammed
• Group/Organization Losers: al-
Qaeda
• Nation Losers: Pakistan

13. Final Evaluation
• After analysis, we can conclude that the
United States is already working towards
increasing the amount of winners and
reducing the amount of losers. With the
Department of Homeland Security and the
TSA increasing security, many Americans are
feeling safe to travel again and do not have to
worry about a reoccurring tragedy. U.S troops
are still currently fighting overseas for a
resolution. This tragedy has only made this
country stronger and more unified. The United
States can learn from the past and help
understand that foreign attacks can happen at
any moment. During the day of the attacks the
country was not separated between fifty states,
we were one unified nation.