Introduction of memory Segmentation
Segmentation is the process in which the main memory of the computer is logically divided into different segments and each segment has its own base address.
Memory segmentation is the methods where whole memory is divided into the smaller parts called segments of various sizes.
A segment is just an area in memory.
The process of dividing memory this way is called segmentation.
hardwired control is the system level communication in which how the control signal generate by processor with the help of conditional codes, external output and counter circuits
Analog to Digital Converter (ADC) is a device that converts an analog quantity (continuous voltage) to discrete digital values.
The PIC microcontroller can be used in various electronic devices like alarm systems, electronic gadgets and computer control systems.
Introduction of memory Segmentation
Segmentation is the process in which the main memory of the computer is logically divided into different segments and each segment has its own base address.
Memory segmentation is the methods where whole memory is divided into the smaller parts called segments of various sizes.
A segment is just an area in memory.
The process of dividing memory this way is called segmentation.
hardwired control is the system level communication in which how the control signal generate by processor with the help of conditional codes, external output and counter circuits
Analog to Digital Converter (ADC) is a device that converts an analog quantity (continuous voltage) to discrete digital values.
The PIC microcontroller can be used in various electronic devices like alarm systems, electronic gadgets and computer control systems.
Manufacturer and exporter of laboratory trainer kits and education trainer kits like measurement products, testing products, electronic engineering trainer, electrical engineering trainer and power electronics trainer.
This CAO lab manual is strictly designed as per the BPUT syllabus covering all the experiments. Any suggestion and comments are welcome at neelamani.samal@gmail.com
Switch Control and Time Delay
1. LEDs and switches
2. Keypad and LEDs
3. Keypad and 8-segment LED C language and Assembly Code for Freescale MC9S08AW60
YEAR /SEM: IV/VII
SUBJECT / CODE: MECHATRONICS ME8791
Part – A (5x2 = 10)
1. What are the basic elements of the
Measurement system and sketch its
Block diagram?
2. Draw the basic feedback (Closed Loop)
System & indicate various terms associated
with block diagram.
3. How do classify the Sensors?
4. Give an example for a Transducer and state
Its transduction principles.
5. Draw the open loop system & indicate
Various terms associated with block diagram.
Part B (2x 10 = 20)
6. Explain about Automatic control system
With a block diagram.
7. Explain the concept of Mechatronics
Approach with neat sketch?
1. Interface a sensor/s, device/s with Arduino for data acquisition and display the data.
2. Interface Actuators with Arduino to Control motion to build an application.
3. Build a mechatronic system using Arduino, sensors, actuators and modules.
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
Sachpazis:Terzaghi Bearing Capacity Estimation in simple terms with Calculati...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Terzaghi's soil bearing capacity theory, developed by Karl Terzaghi, is a fundamental principle in geotechnical engineering used to determine the bearing capacity of shallow foundations. This theory provides a method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of soil, which is the maximum load per unit area that the soil can support without undergoing shear failure. The Calculation HTML Code included.
CFD Simulation of By-pass Flow in a HRSG module by R&R Consult.pptxR&R Consult
CFD analysis is incredibly effective at solving mysteries and improving the performance of complex systems!
Here's a great example: At a large natural gas-fired power plant, where they use waste heat to generate steam and energy, they were puzzled that their boiler wasn't producing as much steam as expected.
R&R and Tetra Engineering Group Inc. were asked to solve the issue with reduced steam production.
An inspection had shown that a significant amount of hot flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes, where the heat was supposed to be transferred.
R&R Consult conducted a CFD analysis, which revealed that 6.3% of the flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes without transferring heat. The analysis also showed that the flue gas was instead being directed along the sides of the boiler and between the modules that were supposed to capture the heat. This was the cause of the reduced performance.
Based on our results, Tetra Engineering installed covering plates to reduce the bypass flow. This improved the boiler's performance and increased electricity production.
It is always satisfying when we can help solve complex challenges like this. Do your systems also need a check-up or optimization? Give us a call!
Work done in cooperation with James Malloy and David Moelling from Tetra Engineering.
More examples of our work https://www.r-r-consult.dk/en/cases-en/
Overview of the fundamental roles in Hydropower generation and the components involved in wider Electrical Engineering.
This paper presents the design and construction of hydroelectric dams from the hydrologist’s survey of the valley before construction, all aspects and involved disciplines, fluid dynamics, structural engineering, generation and mains frequency regulation to the very transmission of power through the network in the United Kingdom.
Author: Robbie Edward Sayers
Collaborators and co editors: Charlie Sims and Connor Healey.
(C) 2024 Robbie E. Sayers
Student information management system project report ii.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project explains about the student management. This project mainly explains the various actions related to student details. This project shows some ease in adding, editing and deleting the student details. It also provides a less time consuming process for viewing, adding, editing and deleting the marks of the students.
1. 1
LABORATORY MANUAL OF EEC456 & EEE454
Prepared at Ashoka Institute of Technology & Management, Aktha, Sarnath, Varanasi, U.P.
With
Participation & Valuable Contributions from
Er. Anupam Kumar, ECE, HOD & Assistant Professor, AITM
(anupamkumarmtec@gmail.com)
Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering
1 To study 8085 microprocessor System
2 To study 8086 microprocessor System
3 To develop and run a program for finding out the largest/smallest number from a given set of
numbers.
4 To develop and run a program for arranging in ascending/descending order of a set of numbers
5 To develop and run a programme to compute square root of a given number
6 To perform multiplication/division of given numbers
7 To perform floating point mathematical operations (addition, subtraction, multiplication and
division)
8 To obtain interfacing of keyboard controller
9 To perform interfacing of DMA controller
10 To obtain interfacing of RAM chip to 8085/8086 based system
Textbook: Lab Manual EEC456
Additional Readings:
1. Ramesh Gaonkar,”Microprocessor Architecture, Programming, and Applications with the
8051, 5th
Edition, Penram International Publication (India) Pvt. Ltd.
2. Douglas V. Hail,” Microprocessor and Interfacing,”2nd
Edition,TMH,2006
3. User’s Guide (XPO 85/SW), ANSHUMAN Tech Pvt. Ltd.
Course Code: E E C 4 5 6
Course
Title: Microprocessors Laboratory
FACULTY NAME MR. ANUPAM KUMAR
Attendance
Weightages
CA MTE ETE
0 0 0
3. 3
QUICK STEPS TO LEARN OPERATION WITH KIT
Step I:-Procedure to operate kit using assembly language program.
Do connections as per your figure
Switch ON power supply (i.e. SMPS (Switched mode power supply)
ANSHUMAN will be display on display board.
Press ENTER key
Go to command mode
COMMAND=
Press E
EXPAND=
Press A
2 PASS ASSEMBLER?
Press ENTER key 3 times
Files EXIST?
Press ‘N’ (No)
ARE YOU SURE?
Press ENTER KEY
C=
Press ‘W’
0001 ORG 6000H (Write your program here)
0002 MVI A, 22H
0003 MVI B, 33H
0004 ADD B
0005 RST 1
Press Ctrl key+ C
C=
4. 4
Press ‘A’ Key
Will show message save code at DSTN? Y/N
Press ‘Y’ (Yes)
C=
Press ‘ESC’ two times
COMMAND= (Go to command mode)
Execution of the program
Press ‘G’
Go to?
Press ENTER key 2 times
BURST ADDR
GIVE 6000H
Press ENTER Key
COMMAND= (Go to command mode)
Checking contents of registers
Press ‘S’
SUBSTUT?
Press ENTER key
MEMORY
Press ‘any key’ other than ‘Enter Key’ 2 times
IO REGISTER (GIVE THE NAME)
Press ENTER key
NAME
5. 5
A=55(Result i.e. 22+33=55)
NOTE: - On Pressing Enter subsequently all registers contents will display.
PROCEDURE TO OPERATE KIT USING DISASSEMBLER
Press E
EXPAND
Press U
Press ENTER key 3 times
STRT
Give 6000
Press ENTER
END
Give 6009
Press ENTER
DSTN
Give 6000
Press ENTER
PRINTER?
Press ‘’CTR+C’’ step by step
ABBREVIATIONS & DESCRIPTIONS:-
S (SUBSTUT)-Use substitute command to enter program.
Ctr+U- You can check data previously entered by pressing Ctrl-U key.
ESC (Display COMMAND) - Come to command mode.
CR (MEMORY) - Display first mode: Memory.
BURST- Use to BURST Mode.
ADDR- Asks the program address.
COMMAND- Comes back to command mode.
REGISTER- Display next mode: Register.
Any key IO- Displays next mode: Input/output port.
8. 8
OTHERS EXPERIMENTS
AIM: Interfacing and control of stepper motor using 8085 microprocessor.
Apparatus required: stepper motor (12 volts)
SAMPLE PROGRAM: Interface a Stepper Motor to the 8085 microprocessor system and
write an 8085 assembly language program to control the Stepper Motor.
Block Diagram:-
SOFTWARE FOR STEPPER MOTOR CONTROL:
As port A is used as an output port, control word for 8255 is 80H. Stepper Motor Control
Program: 6000H Excite code DB 03H, 06H, 09H, and OCH: This is the code sequence for
clockwise rotation Subroutine to rotate a stepper motor clockwise by 360° - Set the counts:
MVI C, 32H: Set repetition count to 50ıο
START: MVI B, 04H: Counts excitation sequence
LXI H, 6000H: Initialize pointer
BACK1: MOV A, M: Get the Excite code
OUT PORTA: Send Excite code
CALL DELAY: Wait
INX H: Increment pointer
DCR B: Repeat 4 times JNZ BACK l
9. 9
Delay subroutine:
Delay: LXI D, Count
Back: DCX D
MOV A, D
ORA E
JNZ Back RET
FLOWCHARTS: Stepper motor subroutine
Conclusion: - A stepper motor is a digital motor. It can be driven by digital signal. Fig.
shows the typical 2 phase motor rated 12V /0.67 A/ph interfaced with the 8085
microprocessor system using 8255. Motor shown in the circuit has two phases, with center-
tap winding. The center taps of these windings are connected to the 12V supply. Due to this,
motor can be excited by grounding four terminals of the two windings. Motor can be rotated
in steps by giving proper excitation sequence to these windings. The lower nibble of port A
of the 8255 is used to generate excitation signals in the proper sequence. These excitation
signals are buffered using driver transistors. The transistors are selected such that they can
source rated current for the windings. Motor is rotated by 1.80 per excitation.
EXPERIMENT
AIM Generation of delay in binary counting using 8085 microprocessor.
SAMPLE PROGRAM Write a program for displaying binary up counter. Counter should
count numbers from 00 to FFH and it should increment after every 0.5 sec.
10. 10
Source Program:
LXI SP, 27FFH: Initialize stack pointer
MVI C, OOH: Initialize counter
BACK: CALL Display: Call display subroutine
CALL Delay: Call delay subroutine
INR C: Increment counter
MOV A, C
CPI OOH: Check counter is > FFH
JNZ BACK: If not, repeat
HLT: Stop
Delay Subroutine: Delay: LXI B, count: Initialize count
BACK: DCX D: Decrement count
MOV A, E
ORA D: Logically OR D and E
JNZ BACK: If result is not 0 repeat
RET: Return to main program
Conclusion: Assume operating frequency of 8085 equal to 2MHz. Display routine is
available.
13. 13
LAB ASSIGNMENT
1. (A) Addition of two nos. is stored in location 20C0 & 20C1 respective & result is
stored in 20C2. (B) Subtraction of two no.
2. Write a program using 8085 microprocessor for Decimal, Hexadecimal addition and
subtraction of two numbers.
3. To perform multiplication and division of two 8 bit numbers using 8085.
4. To find the largest and smallest number in an array of data using 8085 instruction
set.
5. To write a program to arrange an array of data in ascending & descending order.
6. To convert given Hexadecimal number into its equivalent ASCII number & vice
versa using 8085.