ONT-3 discusses chemical disinfectants and their uses. It provides 3 types of disinfection: prophylactic disinfection which includes sterilization methods like chlorination; therapeutic disinfection to treat infected tissues; and terminal disinfection during and after patient care to disinfect surfaces. Common chemical disinfectants discussed include chlorine, iodine, phenol, heavy metals like mercury and copper, and alcohols. Physical methods like heat and radiation are also mentioned.

1. ONT-3
CHE MIA DIC INfeCTANTC
DAdeon
DRnf elon h proay of
movab of pathiogenit OxgonísmtM
th objud
wo bunch th churmial oqunt knan u o
d
dihutkon
nanimat C lu) Auth ay th
nurnn
&th objd Onimau Cefv Ru tkng) uuh au
hum
th thnka) knDAuOnu artitnphi.
Eody tssu
Aome chirnicol may wd 0u a oittftard
au wll aan anlteplfe
Typu o oliifackHon
fodhPodi
Contuz3unl ditif ection
Tamino dRidfon
3Prophylahe diiftion.
Con tuvunt dintutton
Cand out dhunng th fem
of potitt llnaw
leamina dingutidn:
finfuted mausid oft vumoual
of potit fiorm
SPaophylacke dftiuon
hop?tol on duath.
t ncludu the phoux of ptunizotioo
mlle und ntn puvfation oy Chlovination
clauahiolio o dliiofutant:
Alounal deîofutat
and kunlg ptvunt th gnouth
micooOsgonitm
O v 70y puno kunlant olo haw
ation
rav
9.Phyical dinfetant
Dy hiat

2. Moit heod
3 Radolfon
olrutd und to?lzafion.
a chemfcal dinfectant
Sold, iquld and gajow ata ckicund
de
iakion
chumiau aguiu awd a dktinfttan and
antiuphiu
talogeru
a) Chlonr
Chloin avaflab ovGani, nogan'
and 9auu0
populotfon at loo ue munupa oat Auply
Merhansm:tl alogenation
and
moinly nudud to up baliial
tact by nogoganain9 tyoin prolins
portion pOoloin molwly of micTooanim
O
agant Uanity o micoo19 anüma tntludi
s a +V 9nam balua . many Uisuu
a
ung and protozooa
6SSedne
Menanúm~ tslogunartion-
tinctuoe ddre wud a antiuptit foi wound
ado phouu (Sodiu-clatugunt tmplru)
eliau
hOrimfwbal auuty
*thy luau
oven aong
aid effutof todlin whil reta@l
odene On domand omcompkx
ptrod o time with out 'Ataining
4od auo cOmbnd wh nondirgent Cori
molu
Eg: evidsn bvidn
ohith i gtabilz th fodline ano
Alaudy
oddPton, o the compaund of Br 8 F a
wtud oliettants .

3. But tn oo fox to
Phenok and phinolic compoundu:
Phunol A d a anlfuplfe sfov ngeyy o
Phno
pooluud fom th
uw to manudatfu di'infeton
ta obtoind
49 ative agahst qoam+V batevia
s-fntiiephiu Rfafatoriu a volustd agoind
phunol todfitint tost.
Ond 9oinu
phunol in
Di aduontagr
aperuive
odou
3 sko 4su initant
Punart
Mathansm
COagulaling polin
ues tutad phinoy
Cuo
Yylanol
3
Chlomo xyunol. Cchlosoxylunol)
Cmthyl pheno)
Colimthyl phunel)
Crelol
COsO
muthyl phinol
mfx tune oovtho, pmtfa, poa
04
Ortho Meta
Pasa
Martted paoductof Cool
Xyunol:
o
0,M
D.P
3Chlovo yenolhb
ot c

4. 3exa Ch lovo phin
Ud a discdant and oluo mfwd with Soapr ond
Aptud tzplaune to iont tmough high conc. may
Enon clornt
3So 192 30 infad
takeum ouwdn that contoin UxtseKu
Elark fluds ond it fluid
tau
olid to anc aft uu of
huxa chlrophn
Blac fluiu suhtt fhid 0 por«o 6y Aolutilizin
Eotling pont to acd
Blak flufde one homoqenou dok 6aown w of coaltor
atfds duarvd pom petioluun
lhrt fluids
off wht emulion
dwived om petoolum
5 tleavy mdau:
Mencny
St wd a meruny chlonide Cthg cls fo torafing
Ath dlfa
irlly olipeied homogtnau whtte tb
confrihg acoa t aid
9Coppt:
potnm
incoposated in
lun
Ailvn
hnte
Cu& pott nhitto of alga Cu&O
fen of lv nidot lvn cuHadlazuu
o buan
(eam d
6Ethylolohol:
Gt l balna inchudng mycobaclnum
tubetule
Siropropy alwhol: (autélng altohol)
t has pealtn ouiofutaot
afivty at an
CO
Con 40 t ed fo dåjofufing th ski,
thysmomiu taolley top andothn wo &ufate
8Fomuldehycls
t iaald art200m temp onol 9a4 at
highu tmp T autiu a9aint bartaia
tn
a Aolfd
iw nd

5. oomoln 90/ 34 aqu tol of omaldehyd
opeta o knectai s
Ahould & abu to 1ll al) typt omiooby,
omicnoe.
inavey dRlutd fom i a shot piod
Gt ahould 6
3 G
toxi sto animos and hunan
non
should & no staining.
Ahould oluble wauu
should have o duonabu Relf H
should
6 weting pnetsoingpoopeark
hould
t Ahould be
have 90od
not toods inttumun
Chaop eatly availabl
Fung
tunt atusu
t hy
Th nave a thick coal mada up plytocchi
chitio
0e ukazyotfe miceobe
Branch aowth.
onflagulla 0 at
wth
3 Thy xhibit
C Thy moiu atoga o
absunt
5-ezuol uprodulon takuplou trough a voity of Apoar
6 Saua tpoe alo puunt
RpoochuHon
rlomuntous ung Con
oduu yaptal gtuntion
Eroonthinq
by thoumation por
well a by xuanaua procMo
th,
ThApot type foem
ondFdurtiitakion ung
obouolpai atlinoy
Ryal Apou and
mitoo suop eaaminotton o Atzual pou
taua spou
pOMo
n basu of clatifitaHon
bnod fung eaxhfoit
oly
chifal iulgatidn baid on
ormetirnu nuend a Conidia
aMxua povy eumdo A
chlamilo Apord
olvelop th n hypha

6. moth
COnido Apoit Conur of bud
omi Out Of
nlhun thuk 4po Qermina ty
plan paatnt at
thy
of
ooLorn niDodqani.cms
dnticalo th panent
8-Apoa0ngid dpor a akrua pov foumuol wt
in Apo3ongium At th end ofan oval hypka
that at
o
Contain t00opoongio apo0
. Th spovongium
10.On budolng th ponunt foam a bud on oufe Auitau
n th bud elongates th pount all nudow
des 0nd on nuuou migaat fn to th 6ud
all wal monia thin ayud down 6/w th
bud ond pount and th bud brake auay
13 Bugddin th mOst Common muthod of auua
upnodutto yat
Sinual
4 Siual Apow! uult som an indiidua fungu
rnough mtort
thon
5 Fungi produud
pouy
and subuqunt cll dkuitfon ond
no fuon o nutleeft of alu
Anua 2povu eqvntly than
OAtauapoou
ypu of aBtzua spoa
Spovangio py
.onideo spos
Thallo tpouu
Spovangb Spoou
Apvu viol Auoallon Atuttuze alud
potanorun
povangu
Y
Cordio ¬on-poe
Apoou Aupotd by a cializnd falil ahuche
calldl pnidiophoe

7. Aevqro
Conidio phou
veAical
Vgulai hyphos
3Thallo Apona
Apou TulHing dsom chongun tn th vgolArai,
"
ypha o thallu
Aeponálu
lypu Saxual pOru
t-Accospooes
. Baaidospores
3ygopo3u
Ascospo7u
00
spou Aso duud 0Sac
Baaidio spou
povu produd ot Suafouof baidium
3ygo spovu
Spou produd by h uAon ofsimilar
spou
pponin9 9amites fournd at th tip of the ypha
Cospor
Spoy ouulhingy qom th matinq of tuoo un
9amaly

8. ameaol th02aes
Vinu onta o singl typ o nucaic add eit
pNA o NA Nevua both
Thuy Contaln o poin cot that Auround o
3 Thuy mulkiply intid Rurn olu urg hAyntfauti
nucl aud
meharny of call.
ray ta th Aynthut of peualzd atruelra
that Can tronf th vsal nud auo to othuiollk
thad
6. Thy 0e ay tronurnitted foo Ov Drganiim
o nothn
4 huy
effded by anHeiotid.
n0t
6
Thy produu thmough thii nuclie au'dl and aze
anabu to qpo
claiRations
-Animal ru
lant viswy
3 Batinio vruu.
undungo b'nany uon
-Arima viukat
Tuy uolty have DNA may alo have RnA
and t manPAgron poot. couo ete
Pla virulu
Thyou Rrle and inft Ongioxpeamy
paato tobauo , Auoor Con etc
Bacteral uusa
They have DnlA n 0 olld botu»iophage
Inmon Conmmon cold, nfutnun, mttal, meaelu
Condby
Arnallpox polio 0
4 n plonu lof Cur oPopoya potafo luaf od,
tornodo (af unl toboceo nLODOs
dantifiotion
Viu 0
mdhoo.
9 Th Aludy of Onftqn anibody 7ation alld seaology
utly dunkd by mans ourologia

9. 3 Th t 0 6aud on outution and
dunittaln
ouiw
oth ami bodiot
th thuir actfon
on
rl bodi d d full inels laloaatoay fovr
iololing vioute
dundng
Culvotion oviu
quantiig
tVu Can not muliply outadu of living hot
houd.
4Ry wntaro mtabolit hzymu and
vi 0 anab to w
enironmuntal
nurienu
3Th must hove nuditn n
tnzymu prooud by
hove
O
cell Living plaöu, animau, humon hat.
FCulRvoon tn chick mbryot
Chik mbayo
intodueinq
lRve anmou and Orv
poot«du
viul nocculating thom n to
choio dloanBoic mumbnan
Can oxlle b Cultivated n mbronatto
vruu
ho drillud n thu chell of t mbprat!
nueted n to the
99 a val Awenufoo
ufd of th 99
99
Ual grouth
mbryo
many mimbran ofh
mort appropriatt tt gouoth.
by th duoth of
uohith&
ndaud
emonyo coll damag 0 t 9 mumbranu
Populan solation
Embyonat.d 99, mort
and qvowth o
o the produhOn of
nOuO wd only
Catao

10. hell
t u l d
i o n
oe t u o
mnoHi
Amnioli coully
1lanlur
m t m b ? 1 1
i n O t r u l r o n
bumin
yolk fn bdalion
llonloie cautly
2Culivation Cell cuHure
Embayonatud 99 houe 6un uplaud wt
4 tht tthnaw. mamalin oll cullune
Call ultume equiru CO7e and skilt +o neud
minObia Contaminaton whne a sD antibiotiu one
Supprse contamio atfon.
maintainau of
th type ofwork
oftn wed
Caafull duigo and
to
oseptic rw 0v
important o
moe Conuitntto wok than
thu
Gll uluna 0
coho animay OYembreyhalud eggs butoz
hornOgonouy colletonu Colu whih Con be hondd
Ond opagatd much u batenia ubun
cultnu mad diudy oo e 4s 0 pamay
Cell tultnu.
Sub utnd th pimony ulHunu 0e th
liplofd col
Oplod all rs
b
CalLd stoains
dveloped o humon
ernbyos
Con maintained fo abou hunod nmafion
teld widly d fo ulfivating irue
vequrud hurman haut
ond wna
thot
-ATabii vacin colud humon olptoid cultur« vactiv
peponed
all l lopuo Fo mbayonic
Whun uw
Cultvatirq th ufsu
human Col
Touinsly qpowd abou7atouy
CDminuow tal tin d

11. AlHough pimay CulHunu and doloid coll strafn
may Contain Auno ol?'ffenunt
osarb to tolotsing alu fom tho aulHuny.
+Each cell thn 4omia eponat colony hlh n
b
propagdTud pootaly a pune u lHurej.
bind of olk l &
may
Vio nomu
Adunouiia cauu eipiaovyfuton
. Corono uu Cauk common cold and Tupratony
tauk infulion
Coue mo pox
3- Orthopo liu
y tnuisw
S Onouru
6 dunti viu
Ca Tabi
Cau ukemia and tum0TI
Cauk AIDS
cloultaHon VuusBaseo on monphology
tlela uru
Polyhenbal uww
3Envulopd ruu
GComplur vwu
claueiafon baud on th host
Plant uiru
3 Boturol uiTw

12. t3

13. Evolualon O Drisdont
Prenolan ostoblrehed dntutanl and the
oriuph 07 diinfutant
rtondard chumical
ettenp Ony
eualuated 09aintt th8
ol'siofactant
Rtdea alle t (rw)
th
efferRveno oon
R Coeffint o maaue of th
antisptii o olinfetant as copard
phino
Hiahen than onu RW Co etfiuint vauu indita ty
chemiul mOT
effutive than phuno
Xouo
thot th
ohi
indicotu
drifutan
T tt &
thon 0nu Rw Coffiient valu
po ol iofauting pown 0fh ted
thao phuno
tut beuwz th tost ditinfutant utd ogaintt
olokno0 phumo Caffrint
phunol a td
dhowbatk
fofcy
esau Outity opuenty o0gonie matl
3 Voniotionu mp
B Ose dtution tut
The dittmutonu e wd dlutd fom
which th dofutand
th
Con 6 datarnind by th u
and th dilution
must be Aud
dluton l
C chtk Marn tut
u bouk o ph1rol cotfidint At Can & ovn Om
by ehit rortin bt
D Keuay- u Ckrtut)
ThCopoy of f ditiofectondto
oP

14. dlshoy Auccrve dilusionu o a batuial cultu
toted
oflcal muthode of liy torting of phoomaqulial:
The tost foateiy nudd fo
detuting th poitnu of uabl foim ofmfrs003gan
papaotfo
-Sm in phama &utial
A Cultun medfa
Flutd thtbqlycolatt mdum
o-Cystiru-05gm
ert ose- .59m
Agn045gm
Yeast tatbet 509m
15 9m
Sodiun 4htoglyuwb -
d.19
Ruazunon m
OAlLd wol O00m
altsnaive 4hioalytolote midun
Cyrti- D.59
Sodium chlovide -359
eatnoe
Yat etsot
Cauin
Soctiun thtoglycolat 0S9
ilud wou -000m
6.59
3 Soyabun coe diost mid
Caxein 199
Aoyabun 39
odum chlorid 59
-.59
- 259
phorphou
LHRLd wats -t000m

15. th mdro an adjuted to p 1 4
and sta»flizd by autoclavin ot 21 ft 20
Stnilely he mdio
tatd
BTost ogoniim
should o uo b
Flufd thioglycolot redlRum
Baeillu Subili
AHerotin thioalycolott mdaum
Badenio uulgatus
3 Soyo bun Cassln olgu tHue madum
Bacflluw subtil
CTeet DDocedune
uonmnendu tuo muthod
Method Mem boan flhation
Mathod Oect tnouloon
Memboor loton
opufend whe
Th
tw Aubstanu otng
mthod&
xaminLd
On o
An ortmnt
3 on-bacio staki solld
non- 6acterio ctoe iid
Conditon
mumbron thould have poun siz not
CreoUy than 0-45 mm ond diamtn of 7m
Cmillrvday
oppamotuíaurblkd and who unt
steolao

16. Ortaing luide
Flufd A
g!R peponed by diupluing tgm of prtpeptore
, +K3 °R closiftd
and adjuted o ph and
waln to hak
ftlteotion
21'c.foY 0 mins
Stuiliad
2 FluidB
fluld to ohith tn of
twun s0 ho ben oddad
Drut n ocuuotion
Fo Aqwou SolutOnu and Aupenion
qemovd and th
Tvanufeoed
madkum and
Th louid fom th'tut ontain
Apestid mOunt of volume
ephially to a
mixeo
veMel of ultue
nouloted
ouloted muda incubated o l4 day
at 30-35°c
9 For&old
Tiansfeth quid quantity of
to th
maurio
medun
Intubat ot 30-35 o y day
Obtevotion And Rult+:
ot nd of
the ncubotion pnod t pupnation R paud
4no owt &oblerved
tut
8 gnosth obrevud octet peofonmud
3 no oTowth 0brnved th pooporatfon pauad.
4 ousA ob«iud 090 t brqanttm
uolatd Ond tolntRftd and th poepozation faf
th ut