Metal fracture-mudaking
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This document outlines types of metal fracture including ductile, brittle, fatigue, and creep. It defines ductile and brittle fracture and discusses fatigue failure in more detail by mentioning it can occur from repetitive stresses and provide a classic example of fatigue failure. Creep is also listed as a type of metal fracture.
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The document summarizes a presentation on fracture-fatigue simulation using meshfree methods. The objectives are to study stress distribution in cracked components using meshfree methods, analyze crack growth, and simulate stress intensity factors and J-integrals. Meshfree methods represent domains using nodes without elements, allowing selective node placement. They will be used to simulate fracture and fatigue crack propagation.
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This document summarizes different types of defects in crystals. It classifies defects as zero-dimensional point defects, one-dimensional line defects, two-dimensional surface defects, or three-dimensional bulk defects. Point defects include vacancies, interstitials, Frenkel defects, and Schottky defects. Line defects include edge and screw dislocations. Surface defects include grain boundaries and twin boundaries. Bulk defects include precipitates, dispersants, inclusions, and voids. Defects can impact material properties and are sometimes deliberately introduced to improve properties.
Phase diagram (Muda Ibrahim)
1) The document defines key concepts in phase diagrams including phases, phase boundaries, phase transformations, cooling curves, and how cooling curves relate to phase diagrams.
2) It discusses different types of phase diagrams including binary eutectic, binary eutectoid, and binary peritectic diagrams. It explains microstructural changes that occur during solidification for different alloy compositions in these systems.
3) The document provides details on constructing simple phase diagrams through experimental methods and interpreting phase diagram features such as liquidus lines, solidus lines, and lever rule calculations.
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This document is a project proposal that investigates the effect of cooling media and hardening temperature on the physical properties of AISI D2 tool steel. The objectives are to study how cooling media and hardening temperature influence material hardness during heat treatment. Specimens of AISI D2 steel will be carburized and quenched at temperatures of 1000, 1020, and 1040°C, then cooled in different media like water, brine, ice, and oil. The literature review covers properties of D2 steel and previous studies on how heat treatment parameters affect hardness and microstructure. The methodology, schedule, and references are also outlined.
Heat Ch. 11
Heat is the total kinetic energy of molecules. It depends on the mass and energy of particles. Heat flows from hot to cold until equilibrium is reached, which is called when heat no longer flows. Heat can be measured in calories, joules, or BTUs. Heat causes substances to expand in volume and become less dense. The three states of matter are solid, liquid, and gas, with solids having the defined shape and volume and gases having no defined shape or volume. Heat is transferred through conduction, convection, and radiation.
Fatigue Mechanics of Materials
This document summarizes key concepts about metal fatigue including:
- Fatigue is the failure of metal under cyclic loading below or above the yield strength. It occurs due to repeated or fluctuating stresses.
- The fatigue process involves crack initiation, propagation, and catastrophic rupture.
- Fatigue can occur in engine crankshafts and aircraft skin due to repeated pressurization cycles.
- Experimental data on copper and mild steel samples showed the relationship between applied load, stress, and number of cycles to failure.
- Methods to improve fatigue life include shot peening to induce compressive stresses and removing stress concentrators.
Fatigue Failure Slides
This document provides an overview of fatigue failure. It begins by defining fatigue as the premature failure or lowering of strength of a material due to repetitive stresses, even if they are below the material's yield strength. It then discusses key topics in fatigue such as stress cycles, S-N curves, fatigue testing, and factors that affect fatigue life. Crack initiation and propagation stages are described. Methods for improving fatigue performance, such as shot peening and removing stress concentrators, are also covered.
Introduction to Physical Metallurgy Lecture Notes
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Heat Treatments
This document provides information on various heat treatment processes for steel, including annealing, normalizing, hardening, and tempering. It describes the purposes and procedures for each process. Key points include:
- Annealing involves heating steel above the upper critical temperature, then slow cooling to relieve stresses and improve ductility.
- Normalizing also involves heating above the upper critical temperature, but the steel is air cooled to refine grain size while retaining some strength.
- Hardening greatly increases strength by heating steel to the austenitizing temperature then quenching in water or oil to form martensite.
- Tempering is then used to reduce brittleness by reheating hardened steel to lower temperatures.
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Fracture fatigue simulation using meshfree methods
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