chemistry project for class 12 on analysis of honeyRadha Gupta
this is a project for class 12 boards for chemistry subject on analysis of honey.it will be very helpful for students who are searching for chemistry project
This one is my Physics Investigatory Project done on the topic 'Physics Principle In Medicine'. You and I both of us know, without physics advancement in biology especially in the medical field is impossible. So, in this project we are gonna investigate through the various principles of physics which are used in the medical field ( like X ray machines, CT scanners, MRI and other advancements like SPECTS scan).
Both for class 11th & 12th.
Especially for class 12th.
Thank You... Hope you find it useful...
chemistry project for class 12 on analysis of honeyRadha Gupta
this is a project for class 12 boards for chemistry subject on analysis of honey.it will be very helpful for students who are searching for chemistry project
This one is my Physics Investigatory Project done on the topic 'Physics Principle In Medicine'. You and I both of us know, without physics advancement in biology especially in the medical field is impossible. So, in this project we are gonna investigate through the various principles of physics which are used in the medical field ( like X ray machines, CT scanners, MRI and other advancements like SPECTS scan).
Both for class 11th & 12th.
Especially for class 12th.
Thank You... Hope you find it useful...
In this Assignment I discuss about Optical fiber, Evolution of optical fiber: from the beginning to present and beyond, Types of optical fibers used in commercial applications, Losses in optical fiber link, Submarine cable system worldwide, SONET, Fiber optic network backbone in Bangladesh, Applications of optical fiber in 4G technologies and beyond
Electrical Discharge Machining, or EDM was discovered by two independent teams, one in the USSR and one in America, the American team included Harold W. Stark, the founder of Electro Arc
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
2. ‘XII’ ‘B’
SESSION: 2013-14
ROLL NO::- 12227
KENDRIYA VIDYALAYA B.E.G
CERTIFICATE
ThIs Is To CERTIFy ThAT MAsTER PRANAV GhILDIyAL
sTuDyING IN CLAss XII B oF KENDRIyA VIDyALAyA B.E.G
DuRING ThE ACADEMIC yEAR 2013-14 CoMPLETED ThE AssIGNED
PRojECT AND hAs suBMITTED A sATIsFACToRy ACCouNT oF hIs
PRojECT.
DATE :
sIGNATuRE oF INTERNAL
sIGNATuRE oF
EXTERNAL
EXAMINER
EXAMINER
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3. __________________
__________________
ACKNoWLEDGEMENT
This word acknowledgement is to express my deep sense of gratitude towards those
unseen hands which are my teacher Mrs. H. JADHAV (CHEMISTRY) , our principal
Ms. N. GEETHA RAO and my Parents who gave me the golden opportunity to do
this wonderful project on the fore mentioned topic without their contribution the successful
completion of this project would not have materialized. The project helped me in doing a
lot of Research and I came to know about so many new things I am really thankful to all of
them for assisting me and helping me finish this project in the limited time I had.
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5. BACKGROUND :A metal detector is a portable electronic instrument which detects the presence of metal
nearby. Metal detectors are useful for finding metal inclusions hidden within objects, or
metal objects buried underground. They often consist of a handheld unit with a sensor
probe which can be swept over the ground or other objects. If the sensor comes near a
piece of metal this is indicated by a changing tone in earphones, or a needle moving on
an indicator. Usually the device gives some indication of distance; the closer the metal is,
the higher the tone in the earphone or the higher the needle goes. Another common type
are stationary "walk through" metal detectors used for security screening at access points
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6. in prisons, courthouses, and airports to detect concealed metal weapons on a person's
body.
The simplest form of a metal detector consists of an oscillator producing an alternating
current that passes through a coil producing an alternating magnetic field. If a piece of
electrically conductive metal is close to the coil, eddy currents will be induced in the metal,
and this produces a magnetic field of its own.
History and development
Toward the end of the 19th century, many scientists and engineers used their
growing knowledge of electrical theory in an attempt to devise a machine which
would pinpoint metal. The use of such a device to find ore-bearing rocks would
give a huge advantage to any miner who employed it. Early machines were crude,
used a lot of battery power, and worked only to a very limited degree. Alexander
Graham Bell used such a device to attempt to locate a bullet lodged in the chest of
American President James Garfield in 1881; the metal detector worked correctly
but the attempt was unsuccessful because the metal coil spring bed Garfield was
lying on, confused the detector.
Modern developments
The modern development of the metal detector began in the 1920s. Gerhard
Fisher had developed a system of radio direction-finding, which was to be used for
accurate navigation. The system worked extremely well, but Fisher noticed that
there were anomalies in areas where the terrain contained ore-bearing rocks. He
reasoned that if a radio beam could be distorted by metal, then it should be
possible to design a machine which would detect metal using a search coil
resonating at a radio frequency. In 1925 he applied for, and was granted, the first
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7. patent for a metal detector. Although Gerhard Fisher was the first person granted
a patent for a metal detector, the first to apply was Shirl Herr, a businessman from
Crawfordsville, Indiana. His application for a hand-held Hidden-Metal Detector
was filed in February 1924, but not patented until July 1928. Herr assisted Italian
leader Benito Mussolini in recovering items remaining from the Emperor Caligula's
galleys at the bottom of Lake Nemi, Italy, in August 1929. Herr's invention was
used by Admiral Richard Byrd's Second Antarctic Expedition in 1933, when it was
used to locate objects left behind by earlier explorers. It was effective up to a
depth of eight feet.[2] However, it was one Lieutenant Józef Stanisław Kosacki, a
Polish officer attached to a unit stationed in St Andrews, Fife, Scotland, during the
early years of World War II, who refined the design into a practical Polish mine
detector.[3] They were heavy, ran on vacuum tubes, and needed separate battery
packs.
New coil designs
Coil designers also tried out innovative designs. The original induction balance coil
system consisted of two identical coils placed on top of one another. Compass
Electronics produced a new design: two coils in a D shape, mounted back-to-back
to form a circle. This system was widely used in the 1970s, and both concentric
and D type (or widescan as they became known) had their fans. Another
development was the invention of detectors which could cancel out the effect of
mineralization in the ground. This gave greater depth, but was a non-discriminate
mode. It worked best at lower frequencies than those used before, and
frequencies of 3 to 20 kHz were found to produce the best results. Many detectors
in the 1970s had a switch which enabled the user to switch between the
discriminate mode and the non-discriminate mode. Later developments switched
8
8. electronically between both modes. The development of the induction balance
detector would ultimately result in the motion detector, which constantly checked
and balanced the background mineralization.
• Types of Metal detectors:-
Very Low Frequency (VLF)
► Uses two coils:
o
Transmitter coil (search head, antenna)
o
Receiver coil
► There is a delay in the received signal compared to the transmitted signal called phase
shift
► The signal is sent to the control box where it is analyzed by sensors
Pulse Induction (PI)
► Simple when compared to VLF detectors
► Generates “Pulses” of Current Through Search Coil
► Pulse reaches its peak and reverses direction, collapsing very suddenly, thus
creating a sharp
electrical spike.
► Pulses continue to be generated from a mere dozen to about a few thousand
pulses per second.
► Reflected portion of signal becomes delayed which is sampled, amplified, and
sent to
audio circuit to notify user.
=
Beat Frequency Oscillator (BFO)
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9. ► Uses two coils and sends a current through each
► Coils use slightly different frequencies, which produces audible “beats”
► When passed over metal object, induces a current in object
► Current causes a magnetic field, which interferes with field produced
by detector
► Interference changes frequency of current in large coil, and thus an audible change in
“beats”
► BFO Metal Detectors are cheap to make, but aren’t as accurate or dependable as more
expensive types
Uses
Archaeology
As a hobby
•
Coin shooting
•
Prospecting
•
General metal detecting
•
Beach combing
Security screening
DISCLAIMER :I HAVE ALSO MADE THIS PROJECT
TAKING HELP FROM INTERNET
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10. I EXPREE MY REGARDS WHO ARE
ACTUALLY BEHIND THIS PROJECT.
I HAVE UPLOADED THIS ONLY SO
THAT MORE PEOPLE CAN TAKE
HELP FROM THIS UPLOAD
THROUGH MY PROFILE IN
SLIDESHARE… TO REGISTER YOUR
OBJECTION TO THIS UPLOAD PLZ
COMMENT UNDER THE
PRESENTATION IN THE WEBSITE
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