Mentoring involves a wise and trusted guide assisting someone by providing an overview of their career and life aims, offering guidance, advice, and referrals. Good mentoring builds a positive relationship and clarifies expectations. Common issues addressed in mentoring include career focus, technical skills, communication skills, self-esteem, intellectual and emotional development, and existential questions. For mentoring to be effective, roles and boundaries must be clearly defined, trust and integrity demonstrated, and focus and feedback provided, with an understanding of when the relationship ends. Mentoring should cover giving overviews, guidance, opinions, advice, role modeling, and referrals on career and personal issues.