Memory holds instructions, data, and results and comes in different types. Volatile memory like RAM loses contents when powered off but allows for fast reading and writing. Nonvolatile memory like ROM retains contents when powered off but does not allow rewriting. Caches like L1, L2, and L3 improve processing speed by storing frequently used instructions and data closer to the processor. Memory can be upgraded by adding modules like SIMMs, DIMMs, or RIMMs.

1. Memory and Storage
Prepared by:
Jeric F. Bilita

2. What is memory?
 -consist of electronic components
that store instructions waiting to be
executed by the processor, data
needed by those instructions and the
results of processed data.

3. What are items memory holds?
The Operating system
Application Programs
Data processed by Application
Program and the resulting information

4. Stored Program Concept
-the role of memory as a part
of computer storing both data and
programs

5.  -refers to the basic storage unit in
memory.
 -resides temporarily in a location in
memory that has an address.
Bytes (character)

6. Types of Memory
-loses its contents
when computer’s
power is off.
-temporary.
Ex. ROM
-don’t loose content
even if computer’s
power is off.
-permanent
Ex. RAM
Volatile Nonvolatile

8. Ready for RFID?
RFID (Radio Frequency Identification)
- it uses a tiny computer chip that is mounted
to a product.
RFID reader
-reads identifying information on the memory
chip via radio waves .

9. -must be re-energized
constantly or they lose
their contents.
Types of RAM (Random Access Memory)
Dynamic RAM Static RAM
-no need to be re-energized.
-faster and more reliable.
-more expensive than any
variation of DRAM

10. -a small circuit board where RAM resides.
-located on the memory slots on the mother board
SIMM(single inline memory module)
DIMM(dual inline memory module)
RIMM(rambus inline memory)
Types of Memory Module

11. Check your computer documentation
to see how much RAM you can add.
Can I add more RAM in my computer?

12. Cache (pronounced cash)
-improve computer’s processing time.
Two Types of Cache
a. Memory cache b. Disk cache

13. Types Of Memory Cache
L1 Cache- built directly in the processor
-has small capacity like in PC.
L2 Cache-slower than L1
-has larger capacity than L1
L3 Cache-a cache on the motherboard that
is separate from the processor.
-it coexist with L2.
-helps speed the processes of the
computer because it stores frequently
used instructions and data.
Memory cache

14. ROM(Read Only Memory)
-data stored cannot be modified, hence
the name read-only.
-a memory chip storing permanent items.
PROM(programmable read-only memory)
-nonvolatile
-is a blank ROM chip on which a
programmer can write permanently
using microcode but erasable by
EEPROM.

15. Flash Memory
 -nonvolatile
 -can be erased electronically and
rewritten
 -also store data/instruction.

16. CMOS (pronounced See-moss)
 -stands for Complementary Metal-oxide
semiconductor
 -provides high speeds and consumes
less power.
 -uses battery to retain information.

17. Memory Access Time
 -is the amount of time it takes to read
from memory.
 10,000,000 operations= 1blink

18. Teenk u! ….