The document discusses measuring vital events like births and deaths in communities in Africa. It notes that millions of people in Africa are born and die without any records. It then discusses various interim measures to collect this data like surveys and health surveillance systems. It also describes SAVVY, a sample registration system to routinely monitor vital events through demographic surveillance and verbal autopsies to determine causes of death in a nationally representative sample. Countries where SAVVY has been implemented or verbal autopsies conducted after surveys are also mentioned.
SM2015 is an ambitious project with the Ministry of Health and local support. This presentation outlines the design and activities around the data collection and analysis of the evaluation, as well as the results, conclusions, and future activities.
Update to the International Meeting on Emerging Diseases and Surveillance (IMED) community on the latest activities for the BioSense Program redesign and public health syndromic surveillance (PHSS) meaningful use objective.
Patient safety disparities presentation from 2015 CDC National Conference on ...Noel Eldridge
My portion of a panel presentation with 3 other speakers at conference session "CC6" on August 25, 2015. Will update when all conference slides are posted to public. Current web link as of September 19, 2015 is: http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/events/2015nchs/program_tuesday.htm#c6
GHME 2013 Conference
Session: Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2010: workshop on methods and key findings
Date: June 18 2013
Presenter: Sarah Wulf
Institute:
Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME), University of Washington
Presentation on the results to date of the Federal Partnership for Patients (...Noel Eldridge
This is the full set of the introductory slides and my slides covering the presentation. The sponsoring organization, Consumers Advancing Patient Safety (CAPS), which invited me to give this presentation, has posted a version with the audio and video together on-line at: http://iteleseminar.com/71861610
SM2015 is an ambitious project with the Ministry of Health and local support. This presentation outlines the design and activities around the data collection and analysis of the evaluation, as well as the results, conclusions, and future activities.
Update to the International Meeting on Emerging Diseases and Surveillance (IMED) community on the latest activities for the BioSense Program redesign and public health syndromic surveillance (PHSS) meaningful use objective.
Patient safety disparities presentation from 2015 CDC National Conference on ...Noel Eldridge
My portion of a panel presentation with 3 other speakers at conference session "CC6" on August 25, 2015. Will update when all conference slides are posted to public. Current web link as of September 19, 2015 is: http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/events/2015nchs/program_tuesday.htm#c6
GHME 2013 Conference
Session: Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2010: workshop on methods and key findings
Date: June 18 2013
Presenter: Sarah Wulf
Institute:
Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME), University of Washington
Presentation on the results to date of the Federal Partnership for Patients (...Noel Eldridge
This is the full set of the introductory slides and my slides covering the presentation. The sponsoring organization, Consumers Advancing Patient Safety (CAPS), which invited me to give this presentation, has posted a version with the audio and video together on-line at: http://iteleseminar.com/71861610
Evaluating HIV Clinical Care Quality in Massachusetts Sites Supported through...JSI
This presentation was produced by Jeanne Day, MPH; Nancy Reinhalter, RN; Joseph Musolino; Joseph Rego; Amy Flynn; Katelyn Flaherty Dore; Ashley Hatcher, as part of the HIV/AIDS Clinical Quality Assurance Project. For more information about the project, visit: http://www.jsi.com/JSIInternet/USHealth/project/display.cfm?ctid=na&cid=na&tid=40&id=21641
ONLINE FUZZY-LOGIC KNOWLEDGE WAREHOUSING AND MINING MODEL FOR THE DIAGNOSIS A...ijcsity
The need for a reliable and efficient way of storing and mining data about people living with HIV/AIDs with the intent to monitor the health status for effective therapy is on the increase. This paper presents a model of a web-based system for knowledge warehousing and mining of diagnosis and therapy of HIV/AIDs using Fuzzy Logic and data mining approach. A model was developed, using the predictive modeling technique, for predicting HIV/AIDs and monitoring of patient health status. The fuzzy inference
rule and a decision support system based on cognitive filtering was employed to determine the possible course of action to be taken. A case study of some data of PLWH was used and the result obtained shows that the developed system is efficient. The system uses XAMP on Windows OS platform. The system was tested and evaluated with satisfactory results
Comparison of Ultrabio HIV DNA PCR and Gag Real-Time PCR Assays for Total Hiv...CrimsonpublishersCJMI
Comparison of Ultrabio HIV DNA PCR and Gag Real-Time PCR Assays for Total Hiv-1 DNA Quantification by Tuofu Zhu in Cohesive Journal of Microbiology & Infectious Disease
المركز الرابع لمشاريع تحدي الامراض المزمنة
في مبادرة التحول الرقمي fekra_tech
وهو عبارة عن توضيف مكائن الفحص الذاتي للكشف عن المرضي المعرضين للاصابة بالسكري
fekratech.gov.sa
@NDU_KSA
Evaluating HIV Clinical Care Quality in Massachusetts Sites Supported through...JSI
This presentation was produced by Jeanne Day, MPH; Nancy Reinhalter, RN; Joseph Musolino; Joseph Rego; Amy Flynn; Katelyn Flaherty Dore; Ashley Hatcher, as part of the HIV/AIDS Clinical Quality Assurance Project. For more information about the project, visit: http://www.jsi.com/JSIInternet/USHealth/project/display.cfm?ctid=na&cid=na&tid=40&id=21641
ONLINE FUZZY-LOGIC KNOWLEDGE WAREHOUSING AND MINING MODEL FOR THE DIAGNOSIS A...ijcsity
The need for a reliable and efficient way of storing and mining data about people living with HIV/AIDs with the intent to monitor the health status for effective therapy is on the increase. This paper presents a model of a web-based system for knowledge warehousing and mining of diagnosis and therapy of HIV/AIDs using Fuzzy Logic and data mining approach. A model was developed, using the predictive modeling technique, for predicting HIV/AIDs and monitoring of patient health status. The fuzzy inference
rule and a decision support system based on cognitive filtering was employed to determine the possible course of action to be taken. A case study of some data of PLWH was used and the result obtained shows that the developed system is efficient. The system uses XAMP on Windows OS platform. The system was tested and evaluated with satisfactory results
Comparison of Ultrabio HIV DNA PCR and Gag Real-Time PCR Assays for Total Hiv...CrimsonpublishersCJMI
Comparison of Ultrabio HIV DNA PCR and Gag Real-Time PCR Assays for Total Hiv-1 DNA Quantification by Tuofu Zhu in Cohesive Journal of Microbiology & Infectious Disease
المركز الرابع لمشاريع تحدي الامراض المزمنة
في مبادرة التحول الرقمي fekra_tech
وهو عبارة عن توضيف مكائن الفحص الذاتي للكشف عن المرضي المعرضين للاصابة بالسكري
fekratech.gov.sa
@NDU_KSA
Dr. Kathleen Brady (AACO)'s annual epidemiological update. This presentation was given to the Philadelphia EMA Ryan White Planning Council on Thursday, February 20, 2014.
Dr. Kathleen Brady of Philadelphia's AIDS Activities Coordinating Office (AACO) gave this presentation at the January 9, 2013 Comprehensive Planning Committee meeting.
Dr. Kathleen Brady (AACO)'s annual epidemiological update. This presentation was given to the Philadelphia EMA Ryan White Planning Council on Thursday, February 20, 2014.
Managing missing values in routinely reported data: One approach from the Dem...MEASURE Evaluation
This Data for Impact webinar was held in December 2020. Access the recording and learn more at https://www.data4impactproject.org/resources/webinars/managing-missing-values-in-routinely-reported-data-one-approach-from-the-democratic-republic-of-the-congo/
This Data for Impact webinar took place October 29, 2020. Learn more at https://www.data4impactproject.org/resources/webinars/use-of-routine-data-for-economic-evaluations/
Data for Impact hosted a one-hour webinar sharing guidance for using routine data in evaluations. More: https://www.data4impactproject.org/resources/webinars/routine-data-use-in-evaluation-practical-guidance/
Lessons learned in using process tracing for evaluationMEASURE Evaluation
Access the recording for this Data for Impact (D4I) webinar at https://www.data4impactproject.org/lessons-learned-in-using-process-tracing-for-evaluation/
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
MANAGEMENT OF ATRIOVENTRICULAR CONDUCTION BLOCK.pdfJim Jacob Roy
Cardiac conduction defects can occur due to various causes.
Atrioventricular conduction blocks ( AV blocks ) are classified into 3 types.
This document describes the acute management of AV block.
Anti ulcer drugs and their Advance pharmacology ||
Anti-ulcer drugs are medications used to prevent and treat ulcers in the stomach and upper part of the small intestine (duodenal ulcers). These ulcers are often caused by an imbalance between stomach acid and the mucosal lining, which protects the stomach lining.
||Scope: Overview of various classes of anti-ulcer drugs, their mechanisms of action, indications, side effects, and clinical considerations.
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
ASA GUIDELINE
NYSORA Guideline
2 Case Reports of Gastric Ultrasound
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Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The
5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single
disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild
AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological
effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
The prostate is an exocrine gland of the male mammalian reproductive system
It is a walnut-sized gland that forms part of the male reproductive system and is located in front of the rectum and just below the urinary bladder
Function is to store and secrete a clear, slightly alkaline fluid that constitutes 10-30% of the volume of the seminal fluid that along with the spermatozoa, constitutes semen
A healthy human prostate measures (4cm-vertical, by 3cm-horizontal, 2cm ant-post ).
It surrounds the urethra just below the urinary bladder. It has anterior, median, posterior and two lateral lobes
It’s work is regulated by androgens which are responsible for male sex characteristics
Generalised disease of the prostate due to hormonal derangement which leads to non malignant enlargement of the gland (increase in the number of epithelial cells and stromal tissue)to cause compression of the urethra leading to symptoms (LUTS
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
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Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility...Sujoy Dasgupta
Dr Sujoy Dasgupta presented the study on "Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility? – The unexplored stories of non-consummation" in the 13th Congress of the Asia Pacific Initiative on Reproduction (ASPIRE 2024) at Manila on 24 May, 2024.
Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility...
Measuring the Vital Events in the Communities of Africa
1. Measuring Vital Events in the Communities in Africa ROBERT MSWIA, MEASURE Evaluation GHC International Conference June 14-18, 2010, Omni Shoreham Hotel, Washington, DC
26. Uganda: Newborn, Infant and Child Deaths Age Group Deaths 0 to < 28 days Deaths 28 days to < 5yrs Sample (n) 122 419 Prop of all deaths (%) 23% 77% Place of death (%) Health facility: 40% Home: 51% Health facility: 39% Home: 48% Top 5 COD (%) Peri. & early neon: 77% Meningitis: 8% Tetanus: 4% Congenital malform.: 2% Malaria: 1% Malaria: 41% Meningitis: 11% Pneumonia: 10% HIV/AIDS: 7% Malnutrition: 6% Sex (%) Male: 64% Female: 36% Male: 53% Female: 47%
27.
28. Ghana: Newborn, Infant and Child Deaths Age Group Deaths 0 to < 28 days Deaths 28 days to < 5yrs Sample (n) 68 131 Prop of all deaths (%) 36% 64% Place of death (%) Hosp: 49% Home: 49% Hosp: 37% Home: 57% Top 5 COD (%) Perin. & early neon.: 79% Birth asphyxia: 7% Tetanus: 5% Birth trauma: 3% Prem & LBW: 2% Malaria: 43% Malnutrition: 12% Diarrhoeal diseases: 8% External causes: 6% Pneumonia: 5% Sex (%) Male: 66% Female: 34% Male: 56% Female: 44%
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Editor's Notes
I would like to recognize and acknowledge co-authors of this presentation from MEASURE Evaluation: Dr. Sian Curtis, Director - MEASURE Evaluation Stirling Cummings, Research Associate – MEASURE Evaluation
A quote from the Minister of Justice and Constitutional Affairs, Mr, Mathias Chikawe, on the need for an improved, well functioning vital events registration system in Tanzania in particular, and in Africa as a whole. RITA (Registration, Insolvency and Trustees Agency) program in Tanzania, only 15% of Tanzanians have utilized the services
1 st bullet: gap between mortality information and current VR systems, which lack complete coverage or are otherwise low-functioning 2 nd bullet: … which will be a benefit to both individuals and to communities 3 rd bullet: Recognize there are long-term goals of VR systems, but there are also more immediate needs for information for decision making in Health Programs
Having complete and universal Civil / Vital Events Registration is long-term goal…but in the meantime:
Evolution of SAVVY: (Lessons learned from Sample Registration System (India) Disease Surveillance Point System (China) National Sentinel Surveillance System (Tanzania) Health and Demographic Surveillance Systems (INDEPTH Network) Households Surveys (DHS, HBS, LSMS) National Censuses
Main difference between SAVVY and HDSS: SAVVY is nationally representative based on sampling techniques at cluster level. Also tools implemented with SAVVY have been extensively reviewed and validated
Sources: Improving death registration and statistics in developing countries: Lessons from sub-Saharan Africa (Chalapati Rao, Debbie Bradshaw, Colin Mathers). South African Journal of Demography 9(2): 79-97 SAVVY – MEASURE Evaluation website
For example, according to the 2007 INCAM study in Mozambique, roughly 73% of all deaths identified occurred at home. What can be done? Do more to enumerate and register deaths in communities Use appropriate techniques to determine likely causes of death Create and use mortality statistics derived from all available information
Steps 3,4 actually recommended by WHO, not everyone does this...
Types of VA questionnaires Form 1: Stillbirths, perinatal and neonatal deaths Form 2: Post-neonatal and child deaths Form 3: Adult deaths
Death Certification and ICD-10 coding training: DC and ICD-10 coding training (about 2 weeks) Takes place after VA data collection is completed 1 week - review of ICD volumes and processes 1 week - actual death certification and ICD-coding work Physicians review of VAQ Each VA independently reviewed by 2 MDs Write death certificates and ICD-10 codes, with tentative UCOD Reconciliation of death certificates 2 DCs are compared – if agree, UCOD reached If do not agree – 2 MDs sit together to reconcile
Direct may speak to issues of providing TREATMENT Underlying may speak to issues of PREVENTION
Some of the last items are still in very preliminary stages.
Kenya: Snow RW, Winstanley MT, Marsh VM, Newton CRJC, Waruiru C and others, 1992. “Childhood deaths in Africa: uses and limitations of verbal autopsies”. The Lancet Vol 340 Issue 8815, August 1992. Common causes of childhood deaths were detected with specificities >80%, Sensitivity was >75% for measles, neonatal tetanus, malnutrition, and injury-related deaths. However sensitivity less than 50% for malaria, anaemia, ARI, gastroenteritis and meningitis Zimbabwe: Ben Lopman, Adrian Cook, Jennifer Smith, Godwin Chawira, et al, 2009. “VA can consistently measure AIDS mortality: A validity study in Tanzania and Zimbabwe”. The Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health (JECH). October 23, 2009. Results High Sensitivity and Specificity of AIDS death among age group 15-44 (79% or higher) Namibia: Mobley CC, Boerma JT, Titus S, Lohrke B, Shangula K, Black RE, 1996. “Validation study of a verbal autopsy method for causes of childhood mortality in Namibia”. Results:An algorithm for cerebral malaria (fever, loss of consciousness or convulsions) – sensitivity 72%, specificity 85%. All malaria deaths (sensitivity 45%, specificity 87%. Proportion 33/243. Tanzania: Philip Setel, David Whiting, yusuf Hemed, D. Chnadramohan, Lara wolfson, KGMM Alberti and Alan Lopez, 2006 ”Validity of VA procedures for determining cause of death in Tanzania:. Tropical Medicine and International Health, Vol 11, No 5, May 2009.
Uganda: Field work conducted between March and April 2007. Analyzed sample = 541 of 641 Ghana: Field work conducted between September and November 2008. Analyzed sample = 199 of 226 Rwanda: Field work conducted between May and June 2008. Analyzed sample = 431 of 462 wanda
One of the highest child mortality rates in the world: under-5 mortality rates of 168 per 1,000 live births, the infant mortality rate of 115 per 1,000 live births.
Response Rates Uganda Initial count in the death frame = 724 including 83 stillbirths identified by the 2006 UDHS Stillbirths were excluded and hence remained with 641 child deaths in the death frame. Of the 641 deaths: VAs were not completed for 87 cases Also, in the process of coding, 13 deaths were identified by medical coders to have been stillbirths, and hence excluded in the analysis. Final count in the death frame complete with VA and ICD codes was 541. This is equivalent to a response rate of 84.4%
Formal health services in Uganda include: Government and private hospitals, health centers, clinics and dispensaries
Response Rates Ghana 226 in the death frame. VA completed – 199. VA not completed – 27 This is equivalent to a response-rate of 88.1%.
Formal health services in Ghana include: government, private, and faith-based hospitals, health centers and clinics
Verbal autopsy methods are a crude but replicable and moderately reliable method for estimating cause-specific mortality. The validity of verbal autopsy methods to identify specific causes of mortality in children and adults is influenced by prevalence data which can differ from one area to the other. Although the point estimates of cause-specific mortality data requires some type of adjustments, verbal autopsy methods offers reliable estimates for ascertaining mortality trends. VA presents the best option for assessing and responding to deaths deaths and theirs causes in many African countries where there is a paucity of reliable information and most deaths occur away from health facilities, or without formal health care contact in the period before death. This is especially true for deaths occurring in poorer communities. The use of validated verbal autopsy procedures in assessing the impact of burden of disease is an emerging procedure, and produces results that can be validated, and are useful for informing policies and monitoring interventions at all levels. Verbal autopsy methods are indispensable in monitoring the progress toward the achievement of global and local initiatives.