Update to the International Meeting on Emerging Diseases and Surveillance (IMED) community on the latest activities for the BioSense Program redesign and public health syndromic surveillance (PHSS) meaningful use objective.
Updates on the BioSense Program Redesign: 2011 Public Health Preparedness SummitTaha Kass-Hout, MD, MS
Most state and local health departments are involved in on-going traditional disease surveillance and are beginning to access information through health information exchange with clinical partners. Biosurveillance initiatives offer the opportunity to leverage these existing initiatives while providing important data to protect community health. Building on these existing activities and relationships is key to the success of national initiatives such as BioSense Redesign and meaningful use of electronic health records as a component of the evolving nationwide health information network (NHIN). During this session/workshop, the National Association of County and City Health Officials (NACCHO) and the Association of State and Territorial Health Officials (ASTHO) in association with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention will address discuss the BioSense redesign effort and provide opportunities for extended engagement of local and state health officials. This workshop encourages the participation of public health emergency responders, and local public health personnel involved in bio-surveillance for emergency preparedness and response within their jurisdictions.
National Surveillence Systems 2011 Report Briefbiopharmaguru
Surveillance systems are meant to inform public health and clinical practitioners, policy makers, and the general public of the scope, magnitude, and cost of a health problem in order to influence priority setting, program development, and evalu- ation of services or policies. The ultimate aim is to catalyze actions to reduce morbidity and mor- tality and improve health, within a framework of finite resources used in an efficient and cost-effec- tive way.
Updates on the BioSense Program Redesign: 2011 Public Health Preparedness SummitTaha Kass-Hout, MD, MS
Most state and local health departments are involved in on-going traditional disease surveillance and are beginning to access information through health information exchange with clinical partners. Biosurveillance initiatives offer the opportunity to leverage these existing initiatives while providing important data to protect community health. Building on these existing activities and relationships is key to the success of national initiatives such as BioSense Redesign and meaningful use of electronic health records as a component of the evolving nationwide health information network (NHIN). During this session/workshop, the National Association of County and City Health Officials (NACCHO) and the Association of State and Territorial Health Officials (ASTHO) in association with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention will address discuss the BioSense redesign effort and provide opportunities for extended engagement of local and state health officials. This workshop encourages the participation of public health emergency responders, and local public health personnel involved in bio-surveillance for emergency preparedness and response within their jurisdictions.
National Surveillence Systems 2011 Report Briefbiopharmaguru
Surveillance systems are meant to inform public health and clinical practitioners, policy makers, and the general public of the scope, magnitude, and cost of a health problem in order to influence priority setting, program development, and evalu- ation of services or policies. The ultimate aim is to catalyze actions to reduce morbidity and mor- tality and improve health, within a framework of finite resources used in an efficient and cost-effec- tive way.
Entomological Monitoring, Environmental Compliance, and Vector Control Capaci...HFG Project
The first case of local, vector-borne transmission of the Zika virus in the Americas was identified in May 2015 in Brazil. By July 2016, the virus had spread to nearly all Zika-suitable transmission zones in the Americas, including the majority of countries and territories in the Latin America and the Caribbean region. Governments in the region face a formidable challenge to minimize Zika transmission and limit the impact of Zika on their populations.
The United States Agency for International Development (USAID) supports efforts to strengthen the region’s Zika response through targeted technical assistance, stakeholder coordination, and implementation of key interventions. In El Salvador, the USAID-funded Health Finance and Governance project assessed country capacity to conduct vector control and entomological monitoring of Aedes mosquitoes, the primary vector of the virus. The assessment was conducted from July 11 to July 21, 2016, and sought to gauge current capacities, identify strengths and weaknesses in these capacities, and recommend countermeasures, i.e., specific strategies to minimize the impact of Zika virus transmission.
The first case of Zika in El Salvador was reported in November 2015. By mid-2016, nearly 7,000 cases were reported, 255 by pregnant women. Since the beginning of the epidemic, 318 pregnant women were clinically diagnosed with Zika, a few of which were also laboratory confirmed. While microcephaly has not appeared in significant numbers, Guillain-Barré Syndrome has, with 118 documented cases as per a report from February 2016.
Tool to Assess Entomological Monitoring, Environmental Compliance, and Vector...HFG Project
This assessment tool was designed to assess country capacity to conduct Aedes vector control and entomological monitoring activities in five countries in Latin America and the Caribbean – the Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haiti, and Honduras. The purpose of the tool is to review capacity strengths and gaps within each of these countries, and to propose recommendations that improve country readiness to prevent and control Zika and other arboviruses.
Medical Informatics Update 2013 Programpaulgoldfarb
Event program for the Medical Informatics Update 2013 held October 16, 2013 and sponsored by the Center for Advanced Information Management at Columbia University and IBM Healthcare.
Presentation from the 3rd Joint Meeting of the Antimicrobial Resistance and Healthcare-Associated Infections (ARHAI) Networks, organised by the European Centre of Disease Prevention and Control - Stockholm, 11-13 February 2015
OHP's Antonio Boone gave this presentation on different prevention continuum examples at the July meeting of the Prevention Committee of the Philadelphia EMA HIV Integrated Planning Council.
Entomological Monitoring, Environmental Compliance, and Vector Control Capaci...HFG Project
The first case of local, vector-borne transmission of the Zika virus in the Americas was identified in May 2015 in Brazil. By July 2016, the virus had spread to nearly all Zika-suitable transmission zones in the Americas, including the majority of countries and territories in the Latin America and the Caribbean region. Governments in the region face a formidable challenge to minimize Zika transmission and limit the impact of Zika on their populations.
The United States Agency for International Development (USAID) supports efforts to strengthen the region’s Zika response through targeted technical assistance, stakeholder coordination, and implementation of key interventions. In El Salvador, the USAID-funded Health Finance and Governance project assessed country capacity to conduct vector control and entomological monitoring of Aedes mosquitoes, the primary vector of the virus. The assessment was conducted from July 11 to July 21, 2016, and sought to gauge current capacities, identify strengths and weaknesses in these capacities, and recommend countermeasures, i.e., specific strategies to minimize the impact of Zika virus transmission.
The first case of Zika in El Salvador was reported in November 2015. By mid-2016, nearly 7,000 cases were reported, 255 by pregnant women. Since the beginning of the epidemic, 318 pregnant women were clinically diagnosed with Zika, a few of which were also laboratory confirmed. While microcephaly has not appeared in significant numbers, Guillain-Barré Syndrome has, with 118 documented cases as per a report from February 2016.
Tool to Assess Entomological Monitoring, Environmental Compliance, and Vector...HFG Project
This assessment tool was designed to assess country capacity to conduct Aedes vector control and entomological monitoring activities in five countries in Latin America and the Caribbean – the Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haiti, and Honduras. The purpose of the tool is to review capacity strengths and gaps within each of these countries, and to propose recommendations that improve country readiness to prevent and control Zika and other arboviruses.
Medical Informatics Update 2013 Programpaulgoldfarb
Event program for the Medical Informatics Update 2013 held October 16, 2013 and sponsored by the Center for Advanced Information Management at Columbia University and IBM Healthcare.
Presentation from the 3rd Joint Meeting of the Antimicrobial Resistance and Healthcare-Associated Infections (ARHAI) Networks, organised by the European Centre of Disease Prevention and Control - Stockholm, 11-13 February 2015
OHP's Antonio Boone gave this presentation on different prevention continuum examples at the July meeting of the Prevention Committee of the Philadelphia EMA HIV Integrated Planning Council.
Early diagnosis and prevention enabled by big data geneva conference finale-Marefa
The presentation provides an overview of how digital health or use of data processing and telecommunication infrastructure can contribute to the early diagnosis and prevention of diseases.
This presentation was provided by Christine Casey of The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention during the NISO event, "Is This Still Working? Incentives to Publish, Metrics, and New Reward Systems," held on February 20, 2019.
Leverage machine learning and new technologies to enhance rwe generation and ...Athula Herath
My personal activities on automating evidence synthesis and real world data derived evidence for automated treatment guidelines compilation for precision medicine.
Improving Disease Surveillance in the United States Using Companion Animal DataPamela Okerholm
This poster was created for the Engineered Solutions course in partial fulfillment of the MS in Conservation Medicine program at the Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine at Tufts. It describes the "Veterinary Health Event Reporter" as a proposed technological solution to improving data sharing between agencies involved with zoonotic disease outbreaks.
Big data approaches to healthcare systemsShubham Jain
The idea behind this presentation is to explore how big data will revolutionize existing healthcare system effectively by reducing healthcare concerns such as the selection of appropriate treatment paths, quality of healthcare systems and so on. Large amount of unstructured data is available in various organizations (payers, providers, pharmaceuticals). We will discuss all the intricacies involved in massive datasets of healthcare systems and how combination of VPH technologies and big data resulted into some mind-boggling consequences. Major opportunities in healthcare includes the integration of various data pools such as clinical data, pharmaceutical R&D data and patient behaviour and sentiment data. Finding potential insights from big data with the help of medical image processing techniques, predictive modelling etc. will eventually help us to leverage the ever-increasing costs of care, help providers practice more effective medicine, empower patients and caregivers, support fitness and preventive self-care, and to dream about more personalized medicine.
Presenting precisionFDA for the first time at the Precision Medicine Coalition in Washington, DC on February 24, 2016
Any views or opinions expressed here do not necessarily represent the views of the FDA, HHS, or any other entity of the United States government. Furthermore, the use of any product names, trade names, images, or commercial sources is for identification purposes only, and does not imply endorsement or government sanction by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.
The aim of this presentation is to provide a brief overview of the SCRUM Agile Methodology, and to give organizations an idea of how SCRUM may affect the traditional development of requirements and deliverables.
CPA method can be used as a tool to detect subtle changes in time-series data and determine the moving direction (ie, up, down, or stable) in; for example, disease trends, such as influenza-like illness, between change points.
BioSense 2.0: Public Health Surveillance Through Collaboration. Monday Biosecurity Meeting: Crowd-Sourcing for Outbreak and Agent Identification, The American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) Center for Science, Technology, and Security Policy. Presented by Taha Kass-Hout, MD, MS on November 21, 2011, Noon-1:30pm, Abelson/Haskins Room (2nd Floor, AAAS, 1200 New York Avenue, NW, Washington, DC 20005)
an update to ISDS 9th Annual Conference...
As mandated in the Public Health Security and Bioterrorism Preparedness and Response Act of 2002, CDC's BioSense Program was launched in 2003 to establish an integrated national public health surveillance system for early detection and rapid assessment of potential bioterrorism-related illness: http://www.cdc.gov/biosense. Currently, the BioSense Program is undergoing redesign effort: http://biosenseredesign.org. The goal of the redesign is to be able to provide nationwide and regional situational awareness for all hazards health-related events (beyond bioterrorism) and to support national, state, and local responses to those events.
Disclaimer: Any views or opinions expressed here do not necessarily represent the views of the CDC, HHS, or any other entity of the United States government. Furthermore, the use of any product names, trade names, images, or commercial sources is for identification purposes only, and does not imply endorsement or government sanction by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.
Prospective anomaly detection methods such as the Modified EARS C2 are commonly adapted and used in public health syndromic surveillance systems. These methods however can produce an excessive false alert rate. We present a combined use of retrospective (e.g., Change Point Analysis (or CPA)) and prospective (e.g., C2) anomaly detection methods. This combined approach will help detect sudden aberrations in addition to subtle changes in local trends, help rule out alarm investigations, and assist with retrospective follow-ups. Examples on the utility of this combined approach in working collaboratively with the scientific community are applied to BioSense emergency departments' visits due to ILI. Methods, limitations, future work, and invitation to the scientific community to collaborate with us will be discussed at this talk.
BioSense is an all-hazards surveillance program for achieving near real-time national public health situation awareness and early detection. Prospective anomaly detection methods such as the Modified EARS C2 are commonly adapted and used in BioSense and other public health syndromic surveillance systems. These methods however can produce an excessive false alert rate. Analyses results will be presented on the combined use of retrospective (e.g., Change Point Analysis (or CPA)) and prospective (e.g., C2) anomaly detection methods. This combined approach will help detect sudden aberrations in addition to subtle changes in local trends, help rule out alarm investigations, and assist with retrospective follow-ups. Examples on the utility of this combined approach in working collaboratively with the scientific community are applied to BioSense emergency departments' visits due to ILI. Methods, limitations, future work, and invitation to the scientific community to collaborate with us will be discussed at this talk.
Riff: A Social Network and Collaborative Platform for Public Health Disease S...Taha Kass-Hout, MD, MS
A hybrid (event-based and indicator-based) platform designed to streamline the collaboration between domain experts and machine learning algorithms for detection, prediction and response to health-related events (such as disease outbreaks or pandemics). The platform helps synthesize health-related event indicators from a wide variety of information sources (structured and unstructured) into a consolidated picture for analysis, maintenance of “community-wide coherence”, and collaboration processes. The platform offers features to detect anomalies, visualize clusters of potential events, predict the rate and spread of a disease outbreak and provide decision makers with tools, methodologies and processes to investigate the event.
The Distribute project (www.isdsdistribute.org) brings together data on visits to emergency departments for influenza-like illness. These data are obtained from more than 35 state and local public health departments. During the H1N1 response, these data were used by state and local public health officials to understand progression of disease in neighboring regions, while the CDC used the system to provide a timely national picture.
As mandated in the Public Health Security and Bioterrorism Preparedness and Response Act of 2002, CDC’s BioSense program was launched in 2003 with the aim of establishing an integrated system of nationwide public health surveillance for the early detection and prompt assessment of potential bioterrorism-related illness. Over the following several years, as awareness grew about the limits of syndromic and related automated surveillance systems, including BioSense, in providing early and accurate epidemic alerts, increased emphasis was placed on their use in providing timely situation awareness throughout the course of public health emergencies. In practice, a key application of these systems has been their use in tracking the course of seasonal influenza and, in 2009, the impact of the H1N1 influenza pandemic. While retaining the original purpose of BioSense of early event (or threat) detection and characterization, we believe the most efficient and effective approach to achieve the program’s long-term business case is to build on existing systems and programs. This will have additional public health benefits that can improve the nation’s health at all times, including: 1. Public health situation awareness, 2. Routine public health practice, 3. Improving health outcomes and public health; and 4. Monitoring healthcare quality
Data Synchronization of Epi Info™ Using a Mesh4X Adapter: Presentation at the AMIA 2009 Annual Symposium-Demonstrations: Management of Populations.
Disclaimer: Any views or opinions expressed by the speaker do not necessarily represent the views of the CDC, HHS, or any other entity of the United States government. Furthermore, the use of any product names, trade names, images, or commercial sources is for identification purposes only, and does not imply endorsement or government sanction by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.
InSTEDD’s Mesh4x (http://code.google.com/p/mesh4x) allows for data synchronization among different data sources regardless of technology platform or network connectivity. Users can make their data available to all users in their distributed project team or across different jurisdictions. We describe the utility and architecture of Mesh4x to share data over the Internet cloud where users determine which subset of their data are exchanged. This technology raises the potential to share data (e.g., during outbreak investigation, disaster recovery or humanitarian relief efforts) where multiple people are then allowed access to see each other’s data, update the information as the event unfolds, and securely exchange data with one another.
A near-real time data exchange between multiple instances of Epi Info™ was enabled by configuring Mesh4x (http://code.google.com/p/mesh4x/) for Internet cloud (e.g., Amazon’s EC2, Google cloud/App Engine) and for peer-to-peer (over SMS) synchronization. A client-based tool can easily be used by an epidemiologist to build and configure a mesh environment, without requiring prior technical knowledge.
A collaborative early warning and response space for latest health-related events in SE Asia: Mekong Basin Disease Surveillance (MBDS) Information Communication and Technology Forum, April 2nd–3rd, 2009, Mukdahan Province, Thailand
Local Advanced Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex Sys...Oleg Kshivets
Overall life span (LS) was 1671.7±1721.6 days and cumulative 5YS reached 62.4%, 10 years – 50.4%, 20 years – 44.6%. 94 LCP lived more than 5 years without cancer (LS=2958.6±1723.6 days), 22 – more than 10 years (LS=5571±1841.8 days). 67 LCP died because of LC (LS=471.9±344 days). AT significantly improved 5YS (68% vs. 53.7%) (P=0.028 by log-rank test). Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: N0-N12, T3-4, blood cell circuit, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells-CC and blood cells subpopulations), LC cell dynamics, recalcification time, heparin tolerance, prothrombin index, protein, AT, procedure type (P=0.000-0.031). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and N0-12 (rank=1), thrombocytes/CC (rank=2), segmented neutrophils/CC (3), eosinophils/CC (4), erythrocytes/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), stick neutrophils/CC (8), leucocytes/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (error=0.000; area under ROC curve=1.0).
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of the physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar lead (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
6. Describe the flow of current around the heart during the cardiac cycle
7. Discuss the placement and polarity of the leads of electrocardiograph
8. Describe the normal electrocardiograms recorded from the limb leads and explain the physiological basis of the different records that are obtained
9. Define mean electrical vector (axis) of the heart and give the normal range
10. Define the mean QRS vector
11. Describe the axes of leads (hexagonal reference system)
12. Comprehend the vectorial analysis of the normal ECG
13. Determine the mean electrical axis of the ventricular QRS and appreciate the mean axis deviation
14. Explain the concepts of current of injury, J point, and their significance
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. Chapter 3, Cardiology Explained, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK2214/
7. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
CDSCO and Phamacovigilance {Regulatory body in India}NEHA GUPTA
The Central Drugs Standard Control Organization (CDSCO) is India's national regulatory body for pharmaceuticals and medical devices. Operating under the Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India, the CDSCO is responsible for approving new drugs, conducting clinical trials, setting standards for drugs, controlling the quality of imported drugs, and coordinating the activities of State Drug Control Organizations by providing expert advice.
Pharmacovigilance, on the other hand, is the science and activities related to the detection, assessment, understanding, and prevention of adverse effects or any other drug-related problems. The primary aim of pharmacovigilance is to ensure the safety and efficacy of medicines, thereby protecting public health.
In India, pharmacovigilance activities are monitored by the Pharmacovigilance Programme of India (PvPI), which works closely with CDSCO to collect, analyze, and act upon data regarding adverse drug reactions (ADRs). Together, they play a critical role in ensuring that the benefits of drugs outweigh their risks, maintaining high standards of patient safety, and promoting the rational use of medicines.
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
ASA GUIDELINE
NYSORA Guideline
2 Case Reports of Gastric Ultrasound
Basavarajeeyam is an important text for ayurvedic physician belonging to andhra pradehs. It is a popular compendium in various parts of our country as well as in andhra pradesh. The content of the text was presented in sanskrit and telugu language (Bilingual). One of the most famous book in ayurvedic pharmaceutics and therapeutics. This book contains 25 chapters called as prakaranas. Many rasaoushadis were explained, pioneer of dhatu druti, nadi pareeksha, mutra pareeksha etc. Belongs to the period of 15-16 century. New diseases like upadamsha, phiranga rogas are explained.
NVBDCP.pptx Nation vector borne disease control programSapna Thakur
NVBDCP was launched in 2003-2004 . Vector-Borne Disease: Disease that results from an infection transmitted to humans and other animals by blood-feeding arthropods, such as mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas. Examples of vector-borne diseases include Dengue fever, West Nile Virus, Lyme disease, and malaria.
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
263778731218 Abortion Clinic /Pills In Harare ,sisternakatoto
263778731218 Abortion Clinic /Pills In Harare ,ABORTION WOMEN’S CLINIC +27730423979 IN women clinic we believe that every woman should be able to make choices in her pregnancy. Our job is to provide compassionate care, safety,affordable and confidential services. That’s why we have won the trust from all generations of women all over the world. we use non surgical method(Abortion pills) to terminate…Dr.LISA +27730423979women Clinic is committed to providing the highest quality of obstetrical and gynecological care to women of all ages. Our dedicated staff aim to treat each patient and her health concerns with compassion and respect.Our dedicated group ABORTION WOMEN’S CLINIC +27730423979 IN women clinic we believe that every woman should be able to make choices in her pregnancy. Our job is to provide compassionate care, safety,affordable and confidential services. That’s why we have won the trust from all generations of women all over the world. we use non surgical method(Abortion pills) to terminate…Dr.LISA +27730423979women Clinic is committed to providing the highest quality of obstetrical and gynecological care to women of all ages. Our dedicated staff aim to treat each patient and her health concerns with compassion and respect.Our dedicated group of receptionists, nurses, and physicians have worked together as a teamof receptionists, nurses, and physicians have worked together as a team wwww.lisywomensclinic.co.za/
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
Recomendações da OMS sobre cuidados maternos e neonatais para uma experiência pós-natal positiva.
Em consonância com os ODS – Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável e a Estratégia Global para a Saúde das Mulheres, Crianças e Adolescentes, e aplicando uma abordagem baseada nos direitos humanos, os esforços de cuidados pós-natais devem expandir-se para além da cobertura e da simples sobrevivência, de modo a incluir cuidados de qualidade.
Estas diretrizes visam melhorar a qualidade dos cuidados pós-natais essenciais e de rotina prestados às mulheres e aos recém-nascidos, com o objetivo final de melhorar a saúde e o bem-estar materno e neonatal.
Uma “experiência pós-natal positiva” é um resultado importante para todas as mulheres que dão à luz e para os seus recém-nascidos, estabelecendo as bases para a melhoria da saúde e do bem-estar a curto e longo prazo. Uma experiência pós-natal positiva é definida como aquela em que as mulheres, pessoas que gestam, os recém-nascidos, os casais, os pais, os cuidadores e as famílias recebem informação consistente, garantia e apoio de profissionais de saúde motivados; e onde um sistema de saúde flexível e com recursos reconheça as necessidades das mulheres e dos bebês e respeite o seu contexto cultural.
Estas diretrizes consolidadas apresentam algumas recomendações novas e já bem fundamentadas sobre cuidados pós-natais de rotina para mulheres e neonatos que recebem cuidados no pós-parto em unidades de saúde ou na comunidade, independentemente dos recursos disponíveis.
É fornecido um conjunto abrangente de recomendações para cuidados durante o período puerperal, com ênfase nos cuidados essenciais que todas as mulheres e recém-nascidos devem receber, e com a devida atenção à qualidade dos cuidados; isto é, a entrega e a experiência do cuidado recebido. Estas diretrizes atualizam e ampliam as recomendações da OMS de 2014 sobre cuidados pós-natais da mãe e do recém-nascido e complementam as atuais diretrizes da OMS sobre a gestão de complicações pós-natais.
O estabelecimento da amamentação e o manejo das principais intercorrências é contemplada.
Recomendamos muito.
Vamos discutir essas recomendações no nosso curso de pós-graduação em Aleitamento no Instituto Ciclos.
Esta publicação só está disponível em inglês até o momento.
Prof. Marcus Renato de Carvalho
www.agostodourado.com
The Gram stain is a fundamental technique in microbiology used to classify bacteria based on their cell wall structure. It provides a quick and simple method to distinguish between Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, which have different susceptibilities to antibiotics
1. Novel Approaches in Public Health Surveillance
BioSense Program Redesign, Meaningful Use, and Syndromic Surveillance
International Meeting on Emerging Diseases and Surveillance (IMED)
Session 13: New Surveillance Strategies
Sunday, February 6, 2011: 8:30-10:30 AM
Vienna, Austria – February 4-7, 2011
Taha A. Kass-Hout, MD, MS
Deputy Director for Information Science (Acting) and BioSense Program Manager
Division of Notifiable Diseases and Healthcare Information (DNDHI)
Public Health Surveillance Program Office (PHSPO)
Office of Surveillance, Epidemiology, and Laboratory Services (OSELS)
Centers for Disease Control & Prevention (CDC)
Any views or opinions expressed here do not necessarily represent the views of the CDC, HHS, or any other entity of the United States
government. Furthermore, the use of any product names, trade names, images, or commercial sources is for identification purposes only,
and does not imply endorsement or government sanction by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.
Public Health Surveillance Program Office
Office of Surveillance, Epidemiology, and Laboratory Services
2. The Public Health Surveillance Challenge
Surveillance is a global Limitations of
challenge that knows traditional reporting
no borders systems
The importance of Hierarchical lines of
timely detection reporting
Variance across different
countries
Multitude of potential
data sources
Real-world lessons
from SARS and H1N1
4. Next Generation Public Health Surveillance
Automated Healthcare data and informal sources,
Community Engagement, and Artificial Intelligence
Informal sources
Automated healthcare data
(laboratory, immunization,
notifiable conditions, syndromic,
personal health records, …)
5. Limitations of Current Approaches
Can’t mine
all possible sources
all data types
Delay required for searching,
curating and processing
Massive bandwidth and
processing requirements
Resource limited process
(machine and human)
Policies that hinder data
sharing
Little sharing of standards,
“Federal agencies must focus on consolidating existing data
specifications, and lessons centers, reducing the need for infrastructure growth by
learned implementing a “Cloud First” policy for services, and
increasing their use of available cloud and shared services.”
Vivek Kundra, Fed CIO.
7. EHRs and Health Information Exchanges can
Improve Public Health Surveillance
Enhanced Situation Awareness
Syndromic surveillance exploits more elements from the EHR for earlier characterization
• can limit spread of outbreak or monitor severity of pandemics, and reduce morbidity and mortality
Automated collection and reporting encourages more care provider organizations to participate
Timely and More Complete Notifiable Disease Reporting
Studies have shown that electronically based reporting for STDs averages 7.9 days earlier than
spontaneous reporting, allowing:
• 52% increase in treating patients in 2 weeks
• 28% increase in reaching at risk subject by phone
Automation of this task is popular with healthcare provides since it relieves a perceived burden
Better Prevention and Surveillance or Chronic Conditions
Addresses major factors in rising healthcare costs
Data can be used for outcome-based incentives for best practices
Simple ABCDs (Aspirin Therapy, Blood Pressure Screening, Cholesterol Screening, Smoking Cessation, and
Diabetes) Interventions can reduce the number of avoidable deaths
• CDC’s Demonstrating the Preventive Care Value of HIEs (DPCVCHIE) project is using national standards and
capabilities to evaluate the effectiveness of ABCDs interventions
Consistency of Reporting
Reduced Latency
More Completeness of Reporting
8. Example 1: The Distribute Project
President’s Council of Advisors
on Science and Technology
recommended expanded use of
Emergency Department SS data
New CDC Director accustomed to
daily use of ED SS data for
influenza and other situation
awareness in NYC
CDC funded and worked
collaboratively with the Public
Health Informatics Institute
(PHII) to support rapid scale-up
of ISDS Distribute project
Public-access site: http://isdsdistribute.org
10. Distribute: System
Participating Sites (39)
State (26, 67%)
Sub-State (8, 21%)
City (5, 13%)
~67.5 million ED visits
(>140,000 visits/day)
from April 1, 2009 thru
Feb 1, 2010
Buckeridge DL, Brownstein JS, Lober WB, Olson DR, Paladini M, Ross D, Finelli L, Kass-Hout TA, Buehler JW. 2011. The
Distribute Project: Rapid Sharing of Emergency-Department Surveillance Data During the Influenza A/H1N1 Pandemic. In Review.
11. Distribute: Outcome
Buckeridge DL, Brownstein JS, Lober WB, Olson DR, Paladini M, Ross D, Finelli L, Kass-Hout TA, Buehler JW. 2011. The
Distribute Project: Rapid Sharing of Emergency-Department Surveillance Data During the Influenza A/H1N1 Pandemic. In Review.
12. Example 2: BioSense Program
Civilian Hospitals
• ~640 facilities [~12% ED coverage in US, patchy geo
coverage] [Chief complaints: median 24-hour
latency, Diagnoses: median 6 days latency]
• 8 health department sending data from 482
hospitals
• 165 facilities reporting ED data directly to CDC
or a health department
Veterans Affairs and Department of Defense
• ~1400 facilities in 50 states, District of Columbia, and
Puerto Rico [final diagnosis ~2->5 days latency]
National Labs [LabCorp and Quest]
• 47 states, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico
[24-hour latency]
Hospital Labs
• 49 hospital labs in 17 states/jurisdictions [24-hours
latency]
Pharmacies
• 50,000 (27,000 Active) in 50 states [24-hour latency]
13. BioSense Program Redesign
Updated Vision: Beyond early detection Beyond syndromic
The goal of the redesign effort is to be able to provide
Nationwide and regional Situation Awareness for all hazards health-related
events (beyond bioterrorism) and to support national, state, and local responses
to those events
Multiple uses to support your public health Situation Awareness; routine public
health practice; and improved health outcomes and public health
Our strategy is to increase BioSense Program participation and
utility and to support local and state jurisdictions’ health
monitoring infrastructure and workforce capacity
Requires collaboration with other CDC Programs and federal agencies
– 7 years of experience dealing with timely healthcare data (Outpatient, ED, Inpatient, Census,
Laboratory, Radiology, Pharmacy, etc.)
– Infrastructure reconfigured for high performance, scalability and Meaningful Use (MUse)
14. BioSense Program Redesign
A 3-Pronged Approach
Building Connecting Sharing
the Base the Dots Information
A User-Centered Approach
15. Technical Expert Panel (TEP)—Current Status
David Buckeridge Judy Murphy
McGill University Aurora Health System
Julia Gunn Marc Paladini
National Association of County NYC Department of Health
and City Health Officials and Mental Hygiene
(NACCHO) Tom Safranek, Lisa Ferland,
Jim Kirkwood Richard Hopkins
Association of State and Council of State and Territorial
Territorial Health Officers Epidemiologists (CSTE)
(ASTHO)
Walter G. Suarez
Denise Love Kaiser Permanente
National Association of Health
Data Organizations (NAHDO)
16. BioSense Program Redesign
Selected Collaborations
Gulf Oil Spill-associated surveillance
AL, FL, LA, MS, TX, NCEH, CDC EOC+
Dengue case detection
Dengue Branch, FL Dept of Health, VA
State-based asthma surveillance
AL Dept of Health, VA, DoD
Non-acute dental conditions
Division of Oral Health, NC DoH, NCDetect
Rabies post-exposure prophylaxis
Poxvirus & Rabies Branch
Influenza-like illness surveillance
Influenza Division
Contribution to Distribute
ISDS
MUse Workgroup
Enhanced analytics methods
https://sites.google.com/site/changepointanalysis
18. BioSense Program Redesign
Stakeholder Involvement
Seeking individuals from
professional
organizations to
participate in redesign
effort
Coordinating presence at Coverage Map
national conferences
Identifying individuals to
update the map on the Requirements Gathering
collaboration site
Disseminating redesign
project information Community Forum
through communication
channels
http://biosenseredesign.org
19. Environmental Scan
The purpose of the environmental scan is to assess current best
practices in surveillance and extract from them requirements to
aid in the BioSense Redesign
Note: The map has been initially populated with public health
jurisdictions' self-reported data obtained through Distribute
21. HDs Readiness for SS MUse
Many State or Community Health Agencies are not
yet prepared to receive the new wave of EHR data
According to TFAH, ASTHO and BioSense Program redesign
ASTHO’s MUSe Readiness Survey, # of States and Territories Responding = 35
22. Stakeholder Input: Summary Hospital
3%
The BioSense Redesign Collaboration Site has been visited State
by a broad range of public health stakeholders from all 43%
jurisdiction levels Local
51%
Most (87%) felt there is value in viewing a regional or national
surveillance picture
National
Value in the BioSense Network 3%
Data sharing across jurisdictions is the most common data analysis requested
The value provided by BioSense is focused on identifying and tracking outbreaks and
understanding disease transmission patterns
While preferences for presenting information changes little during a public health event, the
types of data required do change
Many syndromes or conditions (including bioterrorism-related) need to be captured to
support PH situation awareness
Barriers
There are many barriers to data sharing, including the lack of established policies and
agreements
Lack of funding and workforce deficiencies are the most common infrastructure needs
Lack of tools, skills, and time account for all barriers related to data analysis
Source: Feedback Forum Posts 1-3, Available under “Your Requirements” at: https://sites.google.com/site/biosenseredesign
Total Number of Respondents = 39; September 1 – November 12, 2010
23. Core Processes and EHR Reqs for PH SS
Data Sources Data on emergency
department (ED) and urgent care (UC)
patient visits captured by health
information system and sent to a
public health authority defines the
scope of this recommendation
Surveillance Goal Assessment of
community and population health for
all hazards defines the scope of this
recommendation
Message and Vocabulary Standards
Standards that support current and
continued PHSS improvements, while
maintaining consistency with those
standards required by the CMS EHR
Reimbursement Program define the
scope of this recommendation
ISDS MUse Workgroup: http://syndromic.org/projects/meaningful-use
24. Core Processes and EHR Reqs for PH SS:
Consensus-Driven Development
ISDS MUse Workgroup informed 41 stakeholders commented; ~ 20%
early iterations. Stakeholder input corporations or professional
validated, refined and better organizations
contextualized the 4 EP or Hospital
recommendations. 9 Vendors
20 Public Health
2 Other
25. Core Processes and EHR Reqs for PH SS:
32 Recommended Elements
ISDS MUse Workgroup: http://syndromic.org/projects/meaningful-use
26. Core Processes and EHR Reqs for PH SS:
32 Recommended Elements
ISDS MUse Workgroup: http://syndromic.org/projects/meaningful-use
27. Core Processes and EHR Reqs for PH SS:
32 Recommended Elements
ISDS MUse Workgroup: http://syndromic.org/projects/meaningful-use
28. Acknowledgements
US CDC TEP Members
James Buehler*, Samuel
Groseclose*, Laura Conn*, Seth David Buckeridge*, Julia Gunn,
Foldy*, Nedra Garrett* Jim Kirkwood, Denise Love, Judy
Murphy, Marc Paladini, Tom
Safranek, Lisa Ferland, Richard
RTI International
Hopkins, Walter Suarez
Barbara Massoudi*, Lucia Rojas-
Smith, S. Cornelia Kaydos-
Daniels, Annette Casoglos, Rita
Sembajwe, Dean Jackman, Ross ISDS
Loomis, Alan O'Connor, Taya Charlie Ishikawa*, Anne Gifford,
McMillan, Amanda Flynn, Tonya
Farris, Alison Banger, Robert Rachel Viola, Emily Cain
Furberg
Epidemico
John Brownstein*, Clark Freifeld,
Deanna Aho, Nabarun Dasgupta,
Susan Aman, Katelynn O'Brien
* Co-authors
29. Thank You!
BioSense Redesign ISDS MUse Workgroup
http://biosenseredesign.org http://syndromic.org/projects/meaningful-use
biosense.redesign2010 AT gmail DOT com
Any views or opinions expressed here do not necessarily represent the views of the CDC, HHS, or any other entity of the United States
government. Furthermore, the use of any product names, trade names, images, or commercial sources is for identification purposes only,
and does not imply endorsement or government sanction by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.