The document discusses definitions and assessments of creativity. It notes that creativity has long been a subject of disagreement regarding its definition and measurement. Early definitions focused on the creative process, such as John Watson's definition involving manipulating words to create new patterns. Later definitions used the creative product as the distinguishing sign of creativity. The document also discusses stages of the creative process, including preparation, incubation, illumination, and verification. It provides examples of each stage.
Creativity is a mental process involving the generations of new ideas or concepts or new association between existing ideas or concepts.
Creativity involves the generation of new ideas or the recombination of known elements into something new, providing valuable solutions to a problem.
Concept and Definitions of Creativity, nature of Creativity, Stages of Creativity, Elements of Creativity, Characteristics of Creativity and creative child, role of Teachers in fostering Creativity.
Intelligence test used in the forensic psychology.
There are different tests are used to measure the intelligence or IQ of a person. Such as,
Ravens Progressive Matrices
Bhatia Battery of Intelligence
Culture Fair test
Wechsler scale
Alexander Pass a long test
etc.
Creativity is a mental process involving the generations of new ideas or concepts or new association between existing ideas or concepts.
Creativity involves the generation of new ideas or the recombination of known elements into something new, providing valuable solutions to a problem.
Concept and Definitions of Creativity, nature of Creativity, Stages of Creativity, Elements of Creativity, Characteristics of Creativity and creative child, role of Teachers in fostering Creativity.
Intelligence test used in the forensic psychology.
There are different tests are used to measure the intelligence or IQ of a person. Such as,
Ravens Progressive Matrices
Bhatia Battery of Intelligence
Culture Fair test
Wechsler scale
Alexander Pass a long test
etc.
Originally Eysenck characterized an individual's personality on two scales. Introversion - extraversion and stable - unstable. A person may thus be
Introverted and Stable,
Introverted and Unstable,
Extraverted and Stable or
Extraverted and Unstable.
The scale, stable - unstable, measures an increasing level of neuroticism. Eysenck's term "neuroticism" does not mean that the persons actually have neurosis, only that they are more inclined to get one.
They are continuous scales, so one can of course also score in the middle, for example, only 50% unstable and only 50% introverted. Later in his career he added Psychoticism.
Allport's personality Theory separates all traits into three basic subcategories: Cardinal, Central, and Secondary traits. This trait theory suggests that individual personalities are composed of broad dispositions. It is also based mainly on differences between individuals. The combination and interaction of various traits form a personality that is unique to each individual, this theory focused on identifying and measuring these individual personality characteristics.
Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale is an individually administered test that examines the cognitive ability of children and adults falling the age-range of 2 to 85+ years. It examines children with intellectual and developmental deficiencies as well as intellectually gifted individuals. This test originated from The Binet-Simon Scale (1905) and had undergone five major revisions. This presentation gives an overview of all five of them with most emphasis on the fifth edition by Roid (2003).
Originally Eysenck characterized an individual's personality on two scales. Introversion - extraversion and stable - unstable. A person may thus be
Introverted and Stable,
Introverted and Unstable,
Extraverted and Stable or
Extraverted and Unstable.
The scale, stable - unstable, measures an increasing level of neuroticism. Eysenck's term "neuroticism" does not mean that the persons actually have neurosis, only that they are more inclined to get one.
They are continuous scales, so one can of course also score in the middle, for example, only 50% unstable and only 50% introverted. Later in his career he added Psychoticism.
Allport's personality Theory separates all traits into three basic subcategories: Cardinal, Central, and Secondary traits. This trait theory suggests that individual personalities are composed of broad dispositions. It is also based mainly on differences between individuals. The combination and interaction of various traits form a personality that is unique to each individual, this theory focused on identifying and measuring these individual personality characteristics.
Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale is an individually administered test that examines the cognitive ability of children and adults falling the age-range of 2 to 85+ years. It examines children with intellectual and developmental deficiencies as well as intellectually gifted individuals. This test originated from The Binet-Simon Scale (1905) and had undergone five major revisions. This presentation gives an overview of all five of them with most emphasis on the fifth edition by Roid (2003).
It is a nptel course pdf made available here from its official nptel website . Its full credit goes to nptel itself . I am just sharing it here as i thought it would help someone in need of it . It is a course of INTRODUCTION TO ADVANCED COGNITIVE PROCESSES
Whether you are studying Beauty Therapy or Business Management, creativity always remains important! This is because problem solving relies heavily on using your creativity. And you'll encounter problems in whichever field you go into one day.
So take a look at this infographic, and learn how to unlock your inner creativty!
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
Normal Labour/ Stages of Labour/ Mechanism of LabourWasim Ak
Normal labor is also termed spontaneous labor, defined as the natural physiological process through which the fetus, placenta, and membranes are expelled from the uterus through the birth canal at term (37 to 42 weeks
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
2. Definition and assessment of creativity have long been a
subject of disagreement and dissatisfaction.
Creativity can be identified with particular, specifiable features
of products or person or thought processes.
Creativity defined by the quality of the response that a product
elicits form an observer.
3. Earliest definitions of creativity focus on the creative process.
John Watson’s definition is perhaps remarkable:
“How the new comes into being: One natural question often
raised is : How do we ever get new verbal creations such as a
poem or a brilliant essay? The answer is that we get them by
manipulating words, shifting them about until a new pattern is
hit upon.”
4. Koestler(1964) proposed creativity involves a “bisociative
process”-the deliberate connecting of two previously unrelated
“matrices of thought” to produce a new insight or invention.
Most explicit definitions have used the creative product as the
distinguishing sign of creativity.
5. If you were alone in a dark cabin, with only
one match and a lamp, a fireplace, and a
candle to choose from, which would you light
first?
6. You would light the match first. Without it,
you couldn’t light any of the other appliances.
10. Stage One: Preparation (the conscious state)
In this stage the aim is to acquire more information
about the problem than you already possess. You might
brainstorm, read, collaborate with others, gather your
own past experiences, anything that can help you move
towards solving the problem at hand.
11. The stage of preparation may vary in length from a few
minutes, as in the case of a brainstorming session, to
months or years, as in the preparation for an invention
or a crucial experiment where more research needs to
be done.
12. Stage Two: Incubation (the subconscious state)
Stop thinking of the problem and turn your attention to
anything else. Go for a run, a walk, play with your kids,
read or maybe build that fence you have been meaning to
finish.
Do anything that stimulates your mind, but does not involve
solving your problem. You are going to give your
unconscious mind time to digest all the material you
gathered in the preparation stage. This is the same principal
used to solve “mental block” or “writers block”. The
incubation stage can last from a few minutes to years.
13. For example, a writer working on a book may write for
4 days straight, then not write for months. After
incubating, go back to your problem and begin crafting
a solution or idea.
At the end of this stage, the idea, which has been
incubating, is more clearly defined than it was at the
beginning. The stages of preparation and incubation
might overlap, but that’s ok.
14. Stage Three: Illumination (The “Ahaaa!” Moment.)
This is where the idea, which has been incubating,
assumes definite form. Better known as the “Ahaa!
Moment”.
This is the feeling you get when you have been
struggling with your thoughts and can’t quite put your
finger on what is missing.
The idea will appear suddenly and comes with a feeling
of certainty. You will typically have an emotional
reaction of joy, knowing you have found an idea, a
solution.
15. Stage Four: Verification
This is where you challenge the idea that came to you
in the Illumination stage. Does your solution work
and/or does it need revision?
For example, a musician plays his composition on the
appropriate musical instrument to see what notes and
chords should be changed.
16. Brainstorming Rules
Expressiveness - Say whatever ideas come to mind
without focusing on constraints
Non-evaluation - No criticism allowed; all are valuable
Quantity - Produce as many ideas as possible
Building - Expand on other people’s ideas
17. Brainwriting
Hybrid of both individual and group brainstorming
Produces more ideas than brainstorming
18. 1. Accept that you can be creative
2. Question traditional assumptions
3. Expand your problem-solving styles
4. Employ creativity techniques
5. Practice thinking in new ways
6. Learn when your creative thinking is best
21. In the early 1940s, E. Paul Torrance, nicknamed “the father of
creativity”, began researching creativity in order to improve
American education. The problem is that, as any good
scientist, Torrance first needed to be able to quantify, measure
and analyze creativity.
22. That’s how he came up in the 60′s with the set of tests
named Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking (or TTCT) where
Torrance claims to be able to measure what he calls “divergent
thinking”
23. Oral, written, or drawn responses
It can be scored separately by category
Teachers given the tests in a group to children
Four criterion components : fluency, flexibility, elaboration,
originality
24. Three categories : nonverbal tests, verbal tests using nonverbal
stimuli, verbal tests using verbal stimuli
The time limit for each test is 3 mints
The subject is expected to complete the picture and write the
name
25.
26.
27. History of the test
During World War II, psychologist J.P. Guilford
developed tests that selected certain individuals to enter
a pilot’s training program. His interests on isolating
different types of thinking for different tasks continued
after the war as he sought to understand human
intelligence and talent.
28. His work led him into researching IQ tests, and he soon
hypothesized that these tests did not measure creativity
– an unpopular belief during the middle of the last
century.
In fact, for most of the 20th century, psychologists
believed that IQ and creativity were linked: a high IQ
meant high creativity, and conversely, a lower IQ meant
lower creativity.
29. In 1967, creative psychology pioneer J.P.
Guilford developed a test to measure
divergent thinking, calling it Guilford’s
Alternative Uses Task.
30. Test takers list as many possible uses for a
common object, such as a cup, paperclip, or
a newspaper. Scoring is comprised of four
components: originality, fluency, flexibility,
and elaboration.
31. Originality is based on each response compared to the
total amount of responses from a specific group of test
takers. Responses that are given by 5% of the group are
unusual (1 point), responses that are given by only 1%
of the group are unique (2 points).
Fluency scores relevant answers.
Flexibility is based on the difference of categories.
Elaboration is based on the amount of detail given in
the response. (i.e. 0= a brick as a bed versus 2= a brick
used as a bed for a child’s dolls when the child is
playing outside)
32. A study conducted by Westby & Dawson(1995)examine
teachers perceptions of creative students.
Elementary school teachers were asked to rate their
favourite and least favourite students
They found that there was a significant difference between
the teachers judgements of favourite and least favourite
students
Judgement for the favourite students were negatively
correlated with creativity ;judgements for the least favourite
students were positively correlated with creativity