This document discusses different types of conjunctions and their uses. It provides examples of coordinating conjunctions, subordinating conjunctions, and correlative conjunctions. It also discusses the proper punctuation to use with different clauses, such as using commas and semicolons between independent clauses and dependent clauses introduced by subordinating conjunctions.

5. And, but, for, nor, or, so, and yet—these are the seven coordinating
conjunctions. To remember all seven, you might want to learn one of these
acronyms: FANBOYS, YAFNOBS, or FONYBAS.
Subordination, however, emphasizes the idea in the main clause more than the
one in the subordinate clause.
Use a coordinating conjunction when you want to give equal emphasis to two
main clauses. The pattern for coordination looks like this:
+ , + +

6. OR
ND
OR
UT
R
ET
O
To communicate a reason/cause

7. Consequently
Furthermore
However
Indeed
Moreover
Then

8. These conjunctions are used to express relationships
between a dependent and an independent clause.

9. After Although As Because
Before how if While
Once since than that
though till until when
where whether

10. An adverb clause is always introduced by a subordinating conjunction. A noun clause and
adjective clause sometimes are.
Adverb clause: Before you go, sign the log book.
Noun clause: He asked if he could leave early.
Adjective clause: That is the place where he was last seen.
A subordinating conjunction is always followed by a clause. Many subordinating conjunctions
can be other parts of speech.
Adverb: Jill came tumbling after.
Preposition: Jill came tumbling after Jack.
Subordinating Conjunction: Jill came tumbling after Jack had fallen.

11. (A) Two independent clauses can be joined by a comma and a pure conjunction. However, a
comma by itself will not work. (Using a comma without a conjunction to hook together two
sentences creates a comma splice!)
Susan appreciated the flowers, yet a Corvette would be a finer gift.

12. (B) Two independent clauses joined by a conjunctive adverb are separated by a semicolon.
However, the writer still needs to insert a comma after the conjunctive adverb.

13. (C) Two independent clauses not joined by a conjunction are
separated by a semicolon.

14. (D) A dependent clause at the beginning of a sentence is introductory, and like
most bits of introductory material, it is usually followed by comma. A dependent
clause following the main (independent) clause is usually not punctuated.

15. By placing a subordinate conjunction in front of any independent
clause, the writer transforms a perfectly good sentence into a
fragment! Be careful, and use your conjunctions wisely. In the
sentence fragments below, the clauses are dependent. To fix the
problem, the grammarian must either connect them to another
clause or delete the subordinate conjunction (in Red).

17. "It is difficult to produce a television documentary that is both incisive and
probing when every twelve minutes one is interrupted by twelve dancing rabbits
singing about toilet paper."
(Rod Serling)

19. "A rule of traditional grammar limits the use of correlative conjunctions to
two elements. Sentences using three or more correlative conjunctions are
widely viewed as erroneous in their construction. Thus sentences like the
following are widely viewed as mistakes:
Both her mother, her father, and her sister are great public speakers. The
team has neither the talent, discipline, nor stamina to win the championship."
(The American Heritage Guide to Contemporary Usage and Style. Houghton
Mifflin, 2005)
"According to didactic tradition, the use of correlative coordinators is
unacceptable when there are three or more conjoins:
(1) We are both willing, able, and ready to carry out the survey.
(2) Either the Minister, or the Under-secretary, or the Permanent Secretary will
attend the meeting.
(3) Tompkins has neither the personality, the energy, nor the experience to win
this election.