“Timber and Wildlife Ecology Research Update from the Jones Center” Kevin McIntyre & Steve Jack, Joseph W. Jones Ecological Research Center, Newton, GA
Longleaf Pine Ecosystems
Productivity and biodiversity patterns of a longleaf pine ecosystem.
Ecological forestry and restoration of longleaf pine ecosystems.
Ecological role of mesopredators, effects of control, and habitat approaches.
Aquatic Ecology and Water Resources
Hydrologic variation and human development in the lower Flint River Basin
Depressional wetlands on the coastal plain landscape: maintenance of regional biodiversity
Southeastern Forest Productivity and Sustainability in a Changing World
WHAT WE KNOW
Atmospheric CO2 is rising due to human activity
Average temperatures are rising, mostly due to the effects of atmospheric CO2
Warmer and more frequent hot days and nights are virtually certain
Warm spells and heat waves are very likely to increase
Altered precipitation regimes are likely, but effects will vary across the globe (and across regions) and are more difficult to predict and may include
Likely increased intensity of rainfall events
Increased/decreased rainfall depending on location
Increased tropical cyclone activity likely
Nutrient management as a component of southern pine plantation Silviculture
What limits a site’s productive potential?
What are the growth impacts due to fertilization?
Do treatment responses carry over to the next rotation?
Managed forest contribution to carbon sequestration under a rising atmospheric CO2
Objectives:
Forest carbon is a cycle
Define forest carbon sequestration
Summarize what is known about how rising CO2 affects tree growth and forest health.
Carbon management under rising CO2. What can be done to increase or enhance carbon sequestration?
Southeastern Forest Productivity and Sustainability in a Changing World
WHAT WE KNOW
Atmospheric CO2 is rising due to human activity
Average temperatures are rising, mostly due to the effects of atmospheric CO2
Warmer and more frequent hot days and nights are virtually certain
Warm spells and heat waves are very likely to increase
Altered precipitation regimes are likely, but effects will vary across the globe (and across regions) and are more difficult to predict and may include
Likely increased intensity of rainfall events
Increased/decreased rainfall depending on location
Increased tropical cyclone activity likely
Nutrient management as a component of southern pine plantation Silviculture
What limits a site’s productive potential?
What are the growth impacts due to fertilization?
Do treatment responses carry over to the next rotation?
Managed forest contribution to carbon sequestration under a rising atmospheric CO2
Objectives:
Forest carbon is a cycle
Define forest carbon sequestration
Summarize what is known about how rising CO2 affects tree growth and forest health.
Carbon management under rising CO2. What can be done to increase or enhance carbon sequestration?
ROLE OF AGROFORESTRY IN MITIGATION OF CLIMATE CHANGEGANDLA MANTHESH
Climate change and climatic variability's are real and their impacts have already been felt in agriculture.
The tree components in agroforestry system can be significant sinks of atmospheric carbon and it will reduce the stress and dependence on natural forest.
HUBBARD BROOK ECOSYSTEM STUDY, 52nd ANNUAL COOPERATORS' MEETING, Woodstock NH, Wednesday, 8 JULY 2015. Session l: Multiple Element Limitation Study Moderator: Ruth Yanai. Seasonal pattern of N mineralization in the MELNHE plots
Caitlin Holmes, MELNHE, cvholmes@asu.edu
I will compare N mineralization in three mature stands in the Bartlett Experimental Forest over the growing season. We are interested in observing a seasonal variance in N mineralization before and after nutrient manipulations are applied.
Managing vegetation for multiple benefit outcomes – Diagnosis and Prognosis Richard Thackway
A framework for evaluating changes in extent and condition of woody native vegetation communities in the Murray Darling Basin. An approach for developing scenarios for future landscape transformation to enhance native vegetation communities
Opportunities to Practically Scale-up Perennial FeedstocksAmanda Bilek
Presented by Vance Owens, Director of North Central Sun Grant Center, South Dakota State University on December 8, 2014 at Minnesota Bioenergy Feedstock Development meeting and forum.
Phillip Is, Pacific Ocean: Drivers of landscape degradation and recovery and ...Richard Thackway
We present an assessment of the modification of the vegetation condition found on Phillip Island relative to a fully natural pre-European (1750) reference state and the current land and sea birds recorded on the Island. The island became denuded between the late 1700s and mid-1850s. Introductions of pigs, goats and rabbits were made to feed to penal colony of the nearby Norfolk Island. Almost complete loss of vegetation types, extent and condition is attributed to a deliberate land management regime: used to feed the pigs and goats. Pigs and goats became extinct with the loss of vegetation on the Island. Rabbits persisted on the Island until 1988, when they were eradicated. Changes in the extent of vegetation cover has been remarkable from a very low level up to 1900-1980 (estimated <1%); it now covers large areas of the island including valleys and gulleys and cliffs (estimated 50%). Our analyses show that the condition of the largely passively recovered vegetation extent is not of a high condition relative to an assumed reference state (1750) for Pine – Hardwood Subtropical Rainforest. A reconstructed pre-European settlement (original) list of sea birds shows that sea birds diversity on the island have changed little in three recent bird surveys (1978-2015). A reconstructed pre-European settlement (original) list of land birds shows that land birds have obviously changed, with many of the current species not represented in the pre-European list. The current list of land birds, which make up most of the current list of species recorded on Phillip Island have invaded from the nearby Norfolk Island. We conclude that current bird species diversity and distribution on the island is a not a function of the condition of the indigenous native vegetation, assessed relative to a pre-European reference state, but rather it appears to be a response to the lack of mammalian grazing mammals and the present of open to dense shrubby vegetation.
Issues and Solutions for SFM in a Changing Climate in the AP regionCIFOR-ICRAF
This presentation was delivered at the third Asia-Pacific Forestry Week 2016, in Clark Freeport Zone, Philippines.
The five sub-thematic streams at APFW 2016 included:
Pathways to prosperity: Future trade and markets
Tackling climate change: challenges and opportunities
Serving society: forestry and people
New institutions, new governance
Our green future: green investment and growing our natural assets
Remineralize the Earth promotes the regeneration of soils and forests worldwide with finely ground rock dust as an economically and ecologically sustainable alternative to chemical fertilizers and pesticides, creating fertile soils much as the earth does.
To achieve the goal of restoration/ rehabilitation in landscapes, it is crucial to articulate:
What we want to achieve, what processes are in it, what resources are required.
How we want to do it
Who should be engaged
Why we do it
ROLE OF AGROFORESTRY IN MITIGATION OF CLIMATE CHANGEGANDLA MANTHESH
Climate change and climatic variability's are real and their impacts have already been felt in agriculture.
The tree components in agroforestry system can be significant sinks of atmospheric carbon and it will reduce the stress and dependence on natural forest.
HUBBARD BROOK ECOSYSTEM STUDY, 52nd ANNUAL COOPERATORS' MEETING, Woodstock NH, Wednesday, 8 JULY 2015. Session l: Multiple Element Limitation Study Moderator: Ruth Yanai. Seasonal pattern of N mineralization in the MELNHE plots
Caitlin Holmes, MELNHE, cvholmes@asu.edu
I will compare N mineralization in three mature stands in the Bartlett Experimental Forest over the growing season. We are interested in observing a seasonal variance in N mineralization before and after nutrient manipulations are applied.
Managing vegetation for multiple benefit outcomes – Diagnosis and Prognosis Richard Thackway
A framework for evaluating changes in extent and condition of woody native vegetation communities in the Murray Darling Basin. An approach for developing scenarios for future landscape transformation to enhance native vegetation communities
Opportunities to Practically Scale-up Perennial FeedstocksAmanda Bilek
Presented by Vance Owens, Director of North Central Sun Grant Center, South Dakota State University on December 8, 2014 at Minnesota Bioenergy Feedstock Development meeting and forum.
Phillip Is, Pacific Ocean: Drivers of landscape degradation and recovery and ...Richard Thackway
We present an assessment of the modification of the vegetation condition found on Phillip Island relative to a fully natural pre-European (1750) reference state and the current land and sea birds recorded on the Island. The island became denuded between the late 1700s and mid-1850s. Introductions of pigs, goats and rabbits were made to feed to penal colony of the nearby Norfolk Island. Almost complete loss of vegetation types, extent and condition is attributed to a deliberate land management regime: used to feed the pigs and goats. Pigs and goats became extinct with the loss of vegetation on the Island. Rabbits persisted on the Island until 1988, when they were eradicated. Changes in the extent of vegetation cover has been remarkable from a very low level up to 1900-1980 (estimated <1%); it now covers large areas of the island including valleys and gulleys and cliffs (estimated 50%). Our analyses show that the condition of the largely passively recovered vegetation extent is not of a high condition relative to an assumed reference state (1750) for Pine – Hardwood Subtropical Rainforest. A reconstructed pre-European settlement (original) list of sea birds shows that sea birds diversity on the island have changed little in three recent bird surveys (1978-2015). A reconstructed pre-European settlement (original) list of land birds shows that land birds have obviously changed, with many of the current species not represented in the pre-European list. The current list of land birds, which make up most of the current list of species recorded on Phillip Island have invaded from the nearby Norfolk Island. We conclude that current bird species diversity and distribution on the island is a not a function of the condition of the indigenous native vegetation, assessed relative to a pre-European reference state, but rather it appears to be a response to the lack of mammalian grazing mammals and the present of open to dense shrubby vegetation.
Issues and Solutions for SFM in a Changing Climate in the AP regionCIFOR-ICRAF
This presentation was delivered at the third Asia-Pacific Forestry Week 2016, in Clark Freeport Zone, Philippines.
The five sub-thematic streams at APFW 2016 included:
Pathways to prosperity: Future trade and markets
Tackling climate change: challenges and opportunities
Serving society: forestry and people
New institutions, new governance
Our green future: green investment and growing our natural assets
Remineralize the Earth promotes the regeneration of soils and forests worldwide with finely ground rock dust as an economically and ecologically sustainable alternative to chemical fertilizers and pesticides, creating fertile soils much as the earth does.
Similar to “Timber and Wildlife Ecology Research Update from the Jones Center” Kevin McIntyre & Steve Jack, Joseph W. Jones Ecological Research Center, Newton, GA
To achieve the goal of restoration/ rehabilitation in landscapes, it is crucial to articulate:
What we want to achieve, what processes are in it, what resources are required.
How we want to do it
Who should be engaged
Why we do it
Land Trust Alliance Rally, November 2017.
Land trust activities are constantly changing to accommodate new challenges and issues, and it’s becoming increasingly important to develop and implement conservation activities that consider the challenges of a changing and uncertain climate. This fast-paced, dynamic workshop will lead participants through a five-step process to consider how climate change will affect their lands and conservation goals. This “climate change filter” will then be used to identify actions that enable forest ecosystems to adapt to changing conditions. The session will also identify strategies to engage woodland owner networks in these important stewardship activities, including climate change communication to key audiences and stakeholders.
This presentation by Mick Wilson of Forestry Corporation NSW discusses case studies of burns and the experiences of fire management in Forestry lands presented, highlighting the challenges of resuscitating a fuel management programme within a complex regulatory framework.
Presentation from Nature Conservation Council of NSW 2015 Bushfire Conference - Fire and Restoration: working with fire for healthy land
Richard Teague - Grazing Down the Carbon: The Scientific Case for Grassland R...bio4climate
Richard Teague - Grazing Down the Carbon: The Scientific Case for Grassland Restoration
From Biodiversity for a Livable Climate conference: "Restoring Ecosystems to Reverse Global Warming"
Saturday November 22nd, 2014
www.bio4climate.org
Richard Teague - Grazing Down the Carbon: The Scientific Case for Grassland R...gabriellebastien
Richard Teague - Grazing Down the Carbon: The Scientific Case for Grassland Restoration
From Biodiversity for a Livable Climate conference: "Restoring Ecosystems to Reverse Global Warming"
Saturday November 22nd, 2014
The conservation value of regenerating tropical forest for amphibians crees foundation
The crees foundation conducts conservation research in the Manu Biosphere Reserve, Peru, to understand the biodiversity and conservation value of regenerating tropical forest.
Tracking change in land use and vegetation conditionRichard Thackway
Seminar 'Tracking change in land use and vegetation condition' presented to the Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry, Canberra on 22 February 2013.
Similar to “Timber and Wildlife Ecology Research Update from the Jones Center” Kevin McIntyre & Steve Jack, Joseph W. Jones Ecological Research Center, Newton, GA (20)
Why Long Leaf?
More Poles per Acre
We can plant container grown successfully
Selective Herbicides help with Site Prep
Longleaf Stands up better to Hurricanes
Longleaf resists Beetle infestations better
Most landowners can get cost share to plant
High quality habitat management
PRESENTATION OBJECTIVES
Evaluating the impact of increased efficiency and effectiveness on pine plantation productivity, from two perspectives:
a. From a producer (or manager) standpoint
b. From a forest sector (aggregated production) view.
2. List and discuss key understandings and focus areas for improved productivity and efficiency today.
KEY STATEMENTS
There is ALWAYS another level of efficiency and productivity
Efficiency ALWAYS wins out
Inefficient systems (or inefficient managers) may last for a long time if shielded, or if they exists in a non-competitive environment.
A CULTURE OF EXCELLENCE inherently seeks the next level, of efficiency, productivity, and value. It proactively culls out the less efficient and less productive.
A positive culture is the result of purposeful FOCUS and MANAGEMENT.
Alternative Income Options for Forest Landowners in GA:
Pine straw – used as a mulch for landscaping on golf courses, around homes and apartments, stores, etc. – in many cases an annual income
Hunt lease – renting land for hunting (deer, turkey, quail, ducks, rabbits, etc) – in many cases an annual income
Other sources as well (these come and go) – mushrooms, bees/honey, naval stores, Carbon credits
Timberland investments “101”
Global markets and management implications
What matters most and what matters less?
Asset Diversification
Don’t put all your eggs in one basket
Risk Reduction
Minimize volatility of portfolio returns
“Real” Rate of Return
Inflation hedge
Biological Growth
Trees don’t read the Wall Street Journal
The Endangered Species Act is in need of reform to prevent groups from misusing the law. The proposal to list the Northern Long Eared bat under current guidelines does not provide solutions for addressing the cause of the bat's decline - White Nose Syndrome. Listings need to be made with verifiable scientific data that provides support for the issues on hand. As for the case of the the NLEB, a cure for WNS should be the focus of the guidelines, not industry activity which has no impact on the bats' population.
Diabetes is a rapidly and serious health problem in Pakistan. This chronic condition is associated with serious long-term complications, including higher risk of heart disease and stroke. Aggressive treatment of hypertension and hyperlipideamia can result in a substantial reduction in cardiovascular events in patients with diabetes 1. Consequently pharmacist-led diabetes cardiovascular risk (DCVR) clinics have been established in both primary and secondary care sites in NHS Lothian during the past five years. An audit of the pharmaceutical care delivery at the clinics was conducted in order to evaluate practice and to standardize the pharmacists’ documentation of outcomes. Pharmaceutical care issues (PCI) and patient details were collected both prospectively and retrospectively from three DCVR clinics. The PCI`s were categorized according to a triangularised system consisting of multiple categories. These were ‘checks’, ‘changes’ (‘change in drug therapy process’ and ‘change in drug therapy’), ‘drug therapy problems’ and ‘quality assurance descriptors’ (‘timer perspective’ and ‘degree of change’). A verified medication assessment tool (MAT) for patients with chronic cardiovascular disease was applied to the patients from one of the clinics. The tool was used to quantify PCI`s and pharmacist actions that were centered on implementing or enforcing clinical guideline standards. A database was developed to be used as an assessment tool and to standardize the documentation of achievement of outcomes. Feedback on the audit of the pharmaceutical care delivery and the database was received from the DCVR clinic pharmacist at a focus group meeting.
Characterization and the Kinetics of drying at the drying oven and with micro...Open Access Research Paper
The objective of this work is to contribute to valorization de Nephelium lappaceum by the characterization of kinetics of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum. The seeds were dehydrated until a constant mass respectively in a drying oven and a microwawe oven. The temperatures and the powers of drying are respectively: 50, 60 and 70°C and 140, 280 and 420 W. The results show that the curves of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum do not present a phase of constant kinetics. The coefficients of diffusion vary between 2.09.10-8 to 2.98. 10-8m-2/s in the interval of 50°C at 70°C and between 4.83×10-07 at 9.04×10-07 m-8/s for the powers going of 140 W with 420 W the relation between Arrhenius and a value of energy of activation of 16.49 kJ. mol-1 expressed the effect of the temperature on effective diffusivity.
Micro RNA genes and their likely influence in rice (Oryza sativa L.) dynamic ...Open Access Research Paper
Micro RNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs molecules having approximately 18-25 nucleotides, they are present in both plants and animals genomes. MiRNAs have diverse spatial expression patterns and regulate various developmental metabolisms, stress responses and other physiological processes. The dynamic gene expression playing major roles in phenotypic differences in organisms are believed to be controlled by miRNAs. Mutations in regions of regulatory factors, such as miRNA genes or transcription factors (TF) necessitated by dynamic environmental factors or pathogen infections, have tremendous effects on structure and expression of genes. The resultant novel gene products presents potential explanations for constant evolving desirable traits that have long been bred using conventional means, biotechnology or genetic engineering. Rice grain quality, yield, disease tolerance, climate-resilience and palatability properties are not exceptional to miRN Asmutations effects. There are new insights courtesy of high-throughput sequencing and improved proteomic techniques that organisms’ complexity and adaptations are highly contributed by miRNAs containing regulatory networks. This article aims to expound on how rice miRNAs could be driving evolution of traits and highlight the latest miRNA research progress. Moreover, the review accentuates miRNAs grey areas to be addressed and gives recommendations for further studies.
Artificial Reefs by Kuddle Life Foundation - May 2024punit537210
Situated in Pondicherry, India, Kuddle Life Foundation is a charitable, non-profit and non-governmental organization (NGO) dedicated to improving the living standards of coastal communities and simultaneously placing a strong emphasis on the protection of marine ecosystems.
One of the key areas we work in is Artificial Reefs. This presentation captures our journey so far and our learnings. We hope you get as excited about marine conservation and artificial reefs as we are.
Please visit our website: https://kuddlelife.org
Our Instagram channel:
@kuddlelifefoundation
Our Linkedin Page:
https://www.linkedin.com/company/kuddlelifefoundation/
and write to us if you have any questions:
info@kuddlelife.org
Willie Nelson Net Worth: A Journey Through Music, Movies, and Business Venturesgreendigital
Willie Nelson is a name that resonates within the world of music and entertainment. Known for his unique voice, and masterful guitar skills. and an extraordinary career spanning several decades. Nelson has become a legend in the country music scene. But, his influence extends far beyond the realm of music. with ventures in acting, writing, activism, and business. This comprehensive article delves into Willie Nelson net worth. exploring the various facets of his career that have contributed to his large fortune.
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Introduction
Willie Nelson net worth is a testament to his enduring influence and success in many fields. Born on April 29, 1933, in Abbott, Texas. Nelson's journey from a humble beginning to becoming one of the most iconic figures in American music is nothing short of inspirational. His net worth, which estimated to be around $25 million as of 2024. reflects a career that is as diverse as it is prolific.
Early Life and Musical Beginnings
Humble Origins
Willie Hugh Nelson was born during the Great Depression. a time of significant economic hardship in the United States. Raised by his grandparents. Nelson found solace and inspiration in music from an early age. His grandmother taught him to play the guitar. setting the stage for what would become an illustrious career.
First Steps in Music
Nelson's initial foray into the music industry was fraught with challenges. He moved to Nashville, Tennessee, to pursue his dreams, but success did not come . Working as a songwriter, Nelson penned hits for other artists. which helped him gain a foothold in the competitive music scene. His songwriting skills contributed to his early earnings. laying the foundation for his net worth.
Rise to Stardom
Breakthrough Albums
The 1970s marked a turning point in Willie Nelson's career. His albums "Shotgun Willie" (1973), "Red Headed Stranger" (1975). and "Stardust" (1978) received critical acclaim and commercial success. These albums not only solidified his position in the country music genre. but also introduced his music to a broader audience. The success of these albums played a crucial role in boosting Willie Nelson net worth.
Iconic Songs
Willie Nelson net worth is also attributed to his extensive catalog of hit songs. Tracks like "Blue Eyes Crying in the Rain," "On the Road Again," and "Always on My Mind" have become timeless classics. These songs have not only earned Nelson large royalties but have also ensured his continued relevance in the music industry.
Acting and Film Career
Hollywood Ventures
In addition to his music career, Willie Nelson has also made a mark in Hollywood. His distinctive personality and on-screen presence have landed him roles in several films and television shows. Notable appearances include roles in "The Electric Horseman" (1979), "Honeysuckle Rose" (1980), and "Barbarosa" (1982). These acting gigs have added a significant amount to Willie Nelson net worth.
Television Appearances
Nelson's char
UNDERSTANDING WHAT GREEN WASHING IS!.pdfJulietMogola
Many companies today use green washing to lure the public into thinking they are conserving the environment but in real sense they are doing more harm. There have been such several cases from very big companies here in Kenya and also globally. This ranges from various sectors from manufacturing and goes to consumer products. Educating people on greenwashing will enable people to make better choices based on their analysis and not on what they see on marketing sites.
WRI’s brand new “Food Service Playbook for Promoting Sustainable Food Choices” gives food service operators the very latest strategies for creating dining environments that empower consumers to choose sustainable, plant-rich dishes. This research builds off our first guide for food service, now with industry experience and insights from nearly 350 academic trials.
"Understanding the Carbon Cycle: Processes, Human Impacts, and Strategies for...MMariSelvam4
The carbon cycle is a critical component of Earth's environmental system, governing the movement and transformation of carbon through various reservoirs, including the atmosphere, oceans, soil, and living organisms. This complex cycle involves several key processes such as photosynthesis, respiration, decomposition, and carbon sequestration, each contributing to the regulation of carbon levels on the planet.
Human activities, particularly fossil fuel combustion and deforestation, have significantly altered the natural carbon cycle, leading to increased atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations and driving climate change. Understanding the intricacies of the carbon cycle is essential for assessing the impacts of these changes and developing effective mitigation strategies.
By studying the carbon cycle, scientists can identify carbon sources and sinks, measure carbon fluxes, and predict future trends. This knowledge is crucial for crafting policies aimed at reducing carbon emissions, enhancing carbon storage, and promoting sustainable practices. The carbon cycle's interplay with climate systems, ecosystems, and human activities underscores its importance in maintaining a stable and healthy planet.
In-depth exploration of the carbon cycle reveals the delicate balance required to sustain life and the urgent need to address anthropogenic influences. Through research, education, and policy, we can work towards restoring equilibrium in the carbon cycle and ensuring a sustainable future for generations to come.
Natural farming @ Dr. Siddhartha S. Jena.pptxsidjena70
A brief about organic farming/ Natural farming/ Zero budget natural farming/ Subash Palekar Natural farming which keeps us and environment safe and healthy. Next gen Agricultural practices of chemical free farming.
“Timber and Wildlife Ecology Research Update from the Jones Center” Kevin McIntyre & Steve Jack, Joseph W. Jones Ecological Research Center, Newton, GA
1. Timber and Wildlife Ecology
Research Update from the Jones
Center
Forest Landowner’s Association 2014 Southeast Regional
Forest Resource Owner and Manager Conference
Valdosta, GA October 28, 2014
Kevin McIntyre
Education Coordinator
&
Steve Jack
Conservation Ecologist
2. Joseph W. Jones Ecological Research Center
at Ichauway
Supported by the Robert W. Woodruff Foundation
3. Joseph W. Jones Ecological Research
Ichauway, circa 1929
Robert Woodruff
Joseph W. Jones
Center at Ichauway
4.
5. Long-Term Research
Longleaf Pine Ecosystems
1) Productivity and biodiversity patterns of a
longleaf pine ecosystem.
2) Ecological forestry and restoration of longleaf
pine ecosystems.
Joseph W. Jones Ecological Research Center
at Ichauway
3) Ecological role of mesopredators, effects of
control, and habitat approaches.
Aquatic Ecology and Water Resources
4) Hydrologic variation and human development in
the lower Flint River Basin
5) Depressional wetlands on the coastal plain
landscape: maintenance of regional biodiversity
6. Conservation & Natural Resource
Management
• Stewardship of Ichauway & its natural
resources
• Management of forests, wildlife &
wetlands, including prescribed fire
• Monitoring of key environmental
variables, plant & animal populations
• New approaches for restoration &
adaptive management
• Key role in participation with education &
research programs
7. Education and Outreach
• Natural Resource
Professionals
• Policymakers
• Land Owners/Managers
• Undergraduate University
Classes
• Graduate Students
8. Regional Longleaf Pine Conservation
and Restoration
• Overall goal of doubling acreage of LLP
from 4m to 8m by 2025
• Supported by diverse coalition of
Federal, State, NGO and private sector
• Identified Significant Geographic Areas
for longleaf restoration focus
• Significantly increased funding for LLP
• Decline of LLP reversed from low of
3.84m to 4.28m as of 2010
• 157,000 acres LLP established in 2013
• 50% incentive funded
• 50% funded by private landowners
8
18. Growing-Season Fire Impacts
Nest Success:
• Growing-season fires had an effect (p-value=0.03)
– 11% of nests burned
– Majority burned in April
– 80% of hens renested
Poult Survival:
• One newly hatched brood lost to fire
19. Poult Survival Data
Year Site n
Day 0-9
(%lost)
Day 10-16
(%lost)
Day 17-30
(%lost)
Day 30+
(%lost)
2011 JC 6 67 17 17 N/A
SL 3 33 0 33 0
Pooled 9 56 11 22 0
2012 JC 9 78 11
SL 5 40 0 20 40
Pooled 14 64 7 7 21
Both Years/Sites 23 61 17 26 22
• Average # of poults per hen at hatch: 8.6
• 5 of the 23 brood hens killed by predators
20. Management Implications
Predation much stronger driver of turkey population
dynamics than season of burn
Manage for habitat quality and population vs. individual nests
Use rotating small-scale growing-season burns
More to Wild Turkey Population Dynamics than Burns…
29. Conventional Wisdom
USDA Silvics Manual – Volume 1:
Conifers (Agriculture Handbook 654, 1990)
Pinus palustris (Mill.)
(from chapter by Boyer)
“Reaction to Competition-
Longleaf pine is intolerant of
competition, whether for light or
for moisture and nutrients. The
species will grow best in the
complete absence of all
competition, including that from
other members of the species.”
Thus, general recommendation
was to manage using even-aged
systems (Boyer and Peterson, 1983,
Agriculture Handbook 445)
31. Regeneration Dynamics Questions
• Below-canopy light
environment
• Competition (both inter-and
intra-specific)
• Role of fire
• Management implications
32. Competition
Pine Seedling Response
to Canopy Gap Size
Seedling growth
Total biomass (g)
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
Seedling survival
Large group
Overstory treatment
Uncut
Single-tree
Small group
Mean survival (%)
85
80
75
70
65
60
a
ab
c
bc
a
a a
b
Pecot et al. 2007. CJFR
37. Functionally important ground cover species
Lower decomposition rate of elevated fine fuels
(wiregrass & pine needles)
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200
Days in Field
Mass Remaining (%)
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Hendricks et al. 2002
Wiregrass (soil)
Wiregrass (elevated)
Longleaf pine (soil)
Longleaf pine (elevated)
38. Functionally important species:
Legume Species
Foliar Ndfa (%)
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Legumes
No. of species identified: 43
Average density: 115,000
stems/ha
Wet-Mesic Site
Intermediate Site
Cassia
nictitans
Crotalaria
rotundifolia
Centrosema
virginiana
Lespedeza
virginiana
Potential N2-fixation by legumes
Hainds et al. 1999
Hiers et al. 2001
Cathey et al. 2010
39. How Do We Best Manage to
Maintain and Restore This Forest
Type While Utilizing Resources?
40. Financial Comparison
Harvest Scenario Low Medium High
20-year IRR w/ land value (%) 3.21 3.29 3.48
Total accumulated net cash flow ($) 1,796,027 3,732,401 4,986,258
Ending Total Value (Cash flow + ending value) ($) 6,703,877 7,445,119 8,104,815
Conversion Scenario Moderate Rapid
20-year IRR w/ land value (%) 4.21 5.77
Total accumulated net cash flow ($) 5,171,745 4,928,824
Ending Total Value (Cash flow + ending value) ($) 6,612,212 6,569,429
41. Managing Longleaf Forests
Using natural disturbance regime as guide to
management uneven-aged approaches
42. Which Silvicultural System?
• Disturbance regime and regeneration dynamics
point toward uneven-aged systems to meet
objectives
• Group or individual tree selection are feasible
approaches for restoring toward reference
objective
44. Fuels, Fire & Silviculture
Attentuation of Needle Cast with Distance from Gap Edge
-2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
Distance from Gap Edge
Needle Cast (grams per 1/4 m2 trap)
40
30
20
10
0
grams of needles/ trap
55. Management Project Summary
• Still preliminary results, early in study
• Short-term weather patterns can affect results
• Few statistically significant results due to high
variability, though are some evident trends
• Harvesting operations have impacts but do
not appear severe, recovery occurs over long
time span
56. Restoration Research
Restoration – timing and pathways
– Species conversion
– When to introduce ground cover
– Wildlife habitat and which species present at
different stages of development
58. Plantation Species Conversion
Underplanting longleaf seedlings in gaps
Thinning planted slash pine with gap creation
Reintroduction of ground cover?
- when and what species
62. Hardwood Encroachment in Uplands
• Silvicultural treatment is species conversion – removal
followed by planting
• Focused on trees, other things not immediately restored
63. • Explicitly factor time into considerations –
thinking of time as an ecological factor that
cannot be purchased or replaced
• In restoration, make use results of time
already “invested”
64. Summary
• Integration between research and operational
management and between research subject
areas
• Research is focused on long-term projects
with operational scale
• Attempting to examine multiple resource
responses to manipulations – trade-offs from
maintaining all ecosystem characteristics
