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 b j h l ® k ‰W « K G i k
          k Â¥ Õ L

      M Á ça® ifnaL

   b j h l ¡ f ã i y - f z ¡ F
            Kj š gU t«
                 
                 
fz ¡ F – bjhl¡ f ã iy tF ¥ òfŸ

• òÂa ghl¥ò¤jf§fŸ braštê¡ f‰wY¡F«, FHªij ika¡ f‰wY¡F«
  K¡»a¤Jt« bfhL¤J¤ jahç¡f¥g£LŸsd.
• khzt®fŸ jh§fŸ f‰wij Rakhf ijçakhf tF¥giwæš k
  ‰wt®fnshL      fyªJiuaho  j§fë‹ ãiyia   m¿aΫ,
  nk«gL¤Â¡bfhŸsΫ thŒ¥ò cŸsJ.
• khzt®fŸ nj®Î ga« ÏšyhJ RjªÂukhfΫ, éU¥g¤JlD«,
  <Lgh£LlD«      brašghLfŸ _ykhfΫ, vëikahd vG¤J nj®Î
  _ykhfΫ j§fŸ milit ju kÂ¥ÕL thæyhf bgWth®fŸ.
MÁç a® ifna£oid¥ ga‹gL ¤J tj ‰ fhd
                 têKiwfŸ
• ifna£oš bfhL¡f¥g£LŸs brašfŸ mid¤J« têfh£lY¡F k£Lnk.

• bfhL¡f¥g£l brašghLfis¡ tF¥giwæ‹   ga‹gh£o‰nf‰g
  MÁça®fŸ m¥gona (m) kh‰¿aik¤J ga‹gL¤jyh«.

• jäHf murhš btëæl¥g£LŸs ghlüèš cŸs mid¤J¥ ghl§fS«
  Ï¡ifna£oš Ïl« bgW« t©z« jahç¡f¥g£LŸsJ. ÏU¥ÃD« ÏJ ngh‹w
  (m) ntW brašfis MÁça® j§fŸ cŸq® khzt®fë‹ njit¡nf‰g
  totik¤J eilKiw¥gL¤jyh«.
MÁça® ifna£oid¥ ga‹gL¤Jtj‰fhd
                têKiwfŸ

• Ï¡ifna£oš F¿¥Ãl¥g£LŸs brašfisna tsu¿ kÂ¥Õ£o‰F¥
  ga‹gL¤j nt©L« v‹w mtÁa« Ïšiy.

• MÁça® têfh£o ifna£oš bfhL¡f¥g£LŸs brašfis K‹åiy¥gL¤Â,
  brašfis cUth¡» bfhŸsΫ, totik¤J¡ bfhŸtj‰F« KG RjªÂu«
  ju¥g£LŸsJ.

• tsu¿ kÂ¥Õ£o‹ neh¡f« ÁijÎglhkš ÏU¥gJ mtÁa«.
MÁça® ifna£oid¥ ga‹gL¤Jtj‰fhd
                têKiwfŸ

• Ï¡ifna£oš gštif f‰wš kÂ¥Õ£L ͤÂfŸ, brašfŸ ngh‹wit
  kÂ¥Õ£oid nk‰bfhŸs tH§f¥g£LŸsJ.

• ghl¥ bghUë‹ j‹ik, v®gh®¡F«f‰wš éisÎ, fhy msÎ, khzt®fë‹
  v©â¡if, »il¡F« ts§fŸ M»at‰iw¥ bghW¤J, F¿¥Ãl¥g£LŸs
  brašfis nk‰bfhŸsyh«.
MÁça® ifna£oid¥ ga‹gL¤Jtj‰fhd
                 têKiwfŸ
• tsu¿ kÂ¥Õ£oid, MÁça® kÂ¥ÕL brŒÍ« bghGJ khzt®fŸ
  Rikahf ãid¡fhjthW nk‰bfhŸs Áw¥ò¡ ftd« vL¤J¡bfhŸSjš
  nt©L«.

• tsu¿ kÂ¥Õ£o‹ K¡»a neh¡f«, f‰wèš khzt®fŸ Ïl®¥ghL
  bfhŸS« gFÂfis m¿ªJ, Fiwfis fistj‰F njitahd elto¡iffis vL¤J f
  ‰wiy nk«gL¤Jjš MF«.

• nkY«, f‰wš f‰Ã¤jèš MÁça®, khzt®fŸ j§fŸ ãiyæid cz®tj
  ‰F« cjλ‹wJ.
t s u ¿ k  ¥ Õ L (m) [FA(a)]


• tsu¿ kÂ¥ÕL (m) v‹gJ ghl¤ÂYŸs xU fU¤ij¡ f‰Ã¡F« nghJ
  ãfH¡ ToajhF«.

• fU¤J cUthtj‰F«, f‰wiy    tY¥gL¤Jtj‰F«   brašghLfë‹
  mo¥gilæš ãfH¡ ToajhF«.
 t s u ¿ kÂ¥ÕL (m) é‹ Áw¥g«r§fŸ

• j‹id¤ jhnd nrh¤J m¿a khzt®fS¡fhd xU msÎ nfhš.

• Fiwa¿ k‰W« Fiwfis¥ ngh¡f elto¡if vL¡f MÁça®fS¡fhd
  têfh£o.

• FG¢brašgh£o‹ _y« thœéaš Âw‹fshd KobtL¤jš, Ãu¢ridfis¡
  fisjš, e£òwit nk«gL¤Jjš, T®Áªjid k‰W« rçahd jftš bjhl®ò
  ngh‹wt‰iw nk«gL¤j cjÎtJ.
 t s u ¿ kÂ¥ÕL (m) é‹ Áw¥g«r§fŸ


• khzt®fë‹ f‰wš ntf¤Â‰nf‰g brašghLfŸ mik¡f¥gl nt©L«.

• tF¥Ãš cŸs x›bthU khztU« Fiwªjg£r« 4 brašghLfis x›bthU
  gUt¤ÂY« nk‰bfh©L mt‰¿š Áwªj 2 brašghLfis MÁça®
  kÂ¥Õ£o‰F vL¤J¡ bfhŸs nt©L«.
tsu¿ kÂ¥ÕL (m) - [FA (a)] é‰fhd Áy
                brašghLfŸ
braš £l« (Projects)                f©lhuhŒjš (Investigation)
Ãu¢ridia¤ Ô®¤jš (Problem Solving)   brŒJ f‰wš (Learning by doing)
étu§fis¢ nrfç¤jš                    x¥gil¥òfŸ (Assignment )
(Data Collection)
fU¤J tiugl«(Concept mapping)        éisah£LfŸ (Games)
bghUŸ és¡f« jUjš (Interpretation)   fh£Á¥gL¤Jjš (Visualisation)
ò® (Puzzle)                        njhuha« fhzš
                                    (Estimation and Approximation)
c‰W neh¡Fjš (Observation)           khzt®fis¡ fâj bkhê gçkh‰w¤Â‰F
                                    tênfhYjš (Mathematical Communication)
tsu¿ kÂ¥ÕL (M)

• tsu¿ kÂ¥ÕL (M) v‹gJ ghl¤ÂYŸs xU fU¤ij¡ f‰Ã¤j Ëò f
  ‰wiy kÂ¥ÕL« brayhF«.

• x›bthU khztU¡F« FW»a fhy mséš (5 Kjš 10 ãäl§fŸ)
  el¤j¥gL« xU ÁW nj®thF«.
tsu¿ kÂ¥ÕL (M)
                   Áw¥g«r§fŸ

• jå¢ brašgh£o‹ _y« x›bthU khztUila   f‰wš milit   cWÂ
  brŒa¥gL»wJ.

• khzt®fŸ j§fŸ f‰wš milit¤ j‹id¤jhnd nrh¤J m¿a cjΫ
  msÎnfhyhF«.

• Fiwa¿ k‰W« FiwÔ® elto¡iffis vL¡f MÁça®fS¡F xU tê
  fh£oahf mik»wJ.
ts u¿ k Â¥ Õ L ( M )
                 Áw ¥ g « r§ fŸ

• jå¢ brašgh£o‹ _y« Fiwa¿a¥gLtjhš j‹id m¿jš, T®Áªjid
  Âw‹, gil¥gh‰wš Âw‹ k‰W« Á¡fY¡F¤ ԮΠfhzš ngh‹w
  thœéaš Âw‹fis nk«gL¤J»wJ.

• tF¥Ãš cŸs x›bthU khztU« Fiwªjg£r« 4 brašghLfis x›bthU
  gUt¤ÂY« nk‰bfh©L mt‰¿š Áwªj 2 brašghLfis MÁça®
  kÂ¥Õ£o‰F vL¤J¡bfhŸs nt©L«.
tsu¿ kÂ¥ÕL (M) [FA (b)] é‰fhd Áy
              brašghLfŸ
• gšéil édh¡fŸ (Multiple Choice)
•  nfho£l Ïl§fis ãu¥òjš (Fill in the blanks)
•  bghU¤Jjš (Matching)
•  édho édh (Quiz)
•  fâj fU¤Jfis ãidÎ TWjš (Recalling )
• tçir¥gL¤Jjš (Sequecing)Mathematical Concepts)
•  ca® Áªjidia¤ ö©L« édh¡fŸ
  (Higher order Thinking question)
• ÁW édh¡fŸ (Short Answer Question)
• FW édh¡fŸ (Very short Answer Question)
bjhF¤j¿ kÂ¥ÕL   (SA)

• bjhF¤j¿ kÂ¥ÕL      v‹gJ x›bthU gUt¤Â‹ ÏWÂæš 60
  kÂ¥bg©fS¡F nj®Î eilbgW«. Ïj‰fhd édh totik¥ò k‰W«
  tF¥ò thçahd khÂç édh¤jhŸfŸ Ï¡ifna£oš Ïiz¡f¥g£LŸsJ.

• bjhF¤j¿ kÂ¥ÕlhdJ f‰wš neh¡f§fshd m¿jš, òçjš,
  ga‹gL¤Jjš    k‰W«    Âw‹    bgwš  v‹w   mo¥gilæš
  mik¡f¥g£LŸsJ. Ïj‰nf‰g x›bthU gUt¤Â‰F« nj®ÎfŸ tF¥ò
  thçahf eilbgW«.
bjhF¤j¿ kÂ¥ÕL   (SA)

• bjhF¤j¿ kÂ¥ÕlhdJ mªj¥ gUt¤Âš bfhL¡f¥g£l ghl¤Â£l¤ij
  cŸsl¡»ajhf ÏU¡F«.

• bjhF¤j¿ kÂ¥ÕlhdJ ghlüèš bfhL¡f¥g£l ghl¥bghUŸ gæ‰Á k
  ‰W« brašfŸ rh®ªjjhf ÏU¡F«.

• nkY«, ghlüèš gæ‰Áahf¡ bfhL¡f¥g£l    fz¡FfŸ mšyhkY«
  ghl¥bghUŸ rh®ªJ« ÏU¡F«.
jå eg® brašghL
• KGikahd k‰W« bjhl® kÂ¥Õ£oš x›bthU khztiuÍ« f‰wèš
  cWÂ brŒa jå eg® brašghL mtÁakh»wJ.

• tF¥giwæš khzt®fë‹ v©â¡if Fiwthf ÏU¡F« nghJ Ï¢brašghL V
  ‰òilajhf mikÍ«.

• MÁça® x›bthU khztçl¤ÂY« ftd« brY¤Â, f‰wš bjhŒé‹¿
  eilbgW»‹wjh, v‹gij cWÂ brŒa nt©L«.

• jå eg® brašgh£o‹ _y« eilbgW« f‰wyhdJ, Ú©l eh£fS¡F
  ãiy¤J ã‰F«. nkY«, f‰wš bghUSilajhf ÏU¡F«.
FG brašghL
• tF¥giwæš khzt®fë‹ v©â¡if mÂfkhf ÏU¡F« nghJ MÁça®
  khzt®fis 5mšyJ mj‰F nk‰g£l ÁW FG¡fshf¥ Ãç¤J f‰wš
  brašgh£il mik¡f nt©L«.
• ÁW FG¡fshf¥ Ãç¡f¥gLtjhš x›bthU FGédU¡F« f‰wš f
  ‰Ã¤jš Jiz¡fUéfŸ nghJkhd msé‰F tH§Ftij cW brŒjš
  nt©L«.

• Ï¢brašgh£o‹ nghJ tF¥giw xG§F e‹Kiwæš mika MÁça®
  f©fhâ¡f nt©L«.

• x›bthU khztUila g§fë¥ò« Ïl« bgWkhW MÁça® cW brŒa
  nt©L«.
FiwÔ® f‰Ã¤jš

• tsu¿ kÂ¥ÕL ( m ) k‰W« tsu¿ kÂ¥ÕL ( M) Ïš KGikahf¢
  brašglhj, Ka‰Á njit¥gL« khzt®fS¡F Û©L« f‰wèš
  KGikaila MÁça® cjéÍl‹ mnj brašgh£ilnah mšyJ khzt®
  vL¤J¡bfh©l    brašgh£o‰F    Ïizahd, vëikahd kh‰W
  brašgh£ilnah më¡f nt©L«.

• FiwÔ® f‰Ã¤jiy khzt®fŸ KGikahd f‰wš milÎ   bgW«tiu
  bjhl®ªJ brŒjš nt©L«.
bjhl¡f ãiy tF¥òfS¡fhd Âw‹fŸ
                       K j tF ¥ ò
                         š
to t§ fS « c U t§ fS «
• òw btëæš j‹ ÏU¥òãiy g‰¿ m¿jš.
• c©ik¥ bghUŸfë‹ tot§fisÍ«, g©òfisÍ« m¿Kf¥ gL¤Jjš.
• bjhl¡f ãiy tot§fis m¿jš.
• bghU£fë‹ bjhFÂfis tot§fS¡F V‰g tif¥gL¤Jjš.
v©fŸ
• 1 Kjš 9 tiu v©fŸ m¿jš.
• TLjš bjhif 10¡FŸ tUkhW Xçy¡f v©fëš TLjš fhzš.
• T£lš brašgh£o‰F +F¿ nr®¤J TLjš, bkh¤j« ngh‹w
  th®¤ijfis m¿Kf¥gL¤Jjš.
bjhl¡f ãiy tF¥òfS¡fhd Âw‹fŸ
                   Ï u©lh« tF ¥ ò

v ©f Ÿ
• 99 tiu v©fis vGjΫ , go¡fΫ m¿jš.
• Ïl kÂ¥ò v‹w fU¤ij òçªJ bfhŸSjš.
• 100 tiu v©fis VWtçir / Ïw§Ftçiræš tçir¥gL¤Jjš.
• x‰iw, Ïu£il v©fis m¿jš.
• Ïdkh‰wä‹¿Í«, Ïdkh‰w¤JlD« TLjš 100¡FŸ tUkhW T£lš
• ó¢Áa« T£liy m¿jš.
bjhl¡f ãiy tF¥òfS¡fhd Âw‹fŸ
                      Ï u©lh« tF ¥ ò

m s it f Ÿ
• ju¥gL¤j¥glhj myFfshd rh©, KH«, éu‰fil, fhyo, j¥go _y« R
  ‰W¥òw¤Âš cŸs bghU£fë‹ Ús¤ij ms¡f m¿jš.

mik¥ òfŸ
• tot§fë‹ tçir mik¥Ãš mik¥òfis¡ T®ªJ neh¡» tiujY«, Ú£o¤jY«.
bjhl¡f ãiy tF¥òfS¡fhd Âw‹fŸ
                       _ « tF ¥ ò
                        ‹wh
to t§ fS «   c U t§ fS «

• ÏU gçkhz tot¤ij cUth¡Fjš k‰W« mj‹ g©òfis és¡Fjš.

• nl‹»uh« J©Lfis¥ ga‹gL¤Â bt›ntW tot§fis cUth¡Fjš.

• tiugl m¿Kf«, m¿ªJ bfhŸSjš.

• K¥gçkhz tot§fis tiujš.
bjhl¡f ãiy tF¥òfS¡fhd Âw‹fŸ
                       _ « tF ¥ ò
                        ‹wh
v ©f Ÿ

• 1000 tiu _‹W Ïy¡f v©fis¥ go¡fΫ, vGjΫ m¿jš.

• 1000 v©fŸ tiu Ïl kÂ¥Ãid òçªJ bfhŸSjš .

• 1000 tiu v©fis VWtçir / Ïw§Ftçiræš vGj m¿jš.

• T£L¤ bjhif 1000¡FŸ tUkhW v©fis br§F¤jhf vG¡ T£lš.
bjhl¡f ãiy tF¥òfS¡fhd Âw‹fŸ
                       _ « tF ¥ ò
                        ‹wh
v ©f Ÿ
• _‹W Ïy¡f v©fëš fê¤jš braiy¢ brŒjš.

• 50¡F Fiwthf cŸs v©fis¥ ga‹gL¤Â, Ïu©L v©fë‹ TLjš
  é¤Âahr¤ij kÂ¥ÃLjš.

• _‹¿y¡f v©fëš x‰iw v©, Ïu£il v©fis m¿jš.

• bfhL¡f¥g£l Ïy¡f§fis ga‹gL¤Â bgça v©, Á¿a v©iz cUth¡Fjš .
bjhl¡f ãiy tF¥òfS¡fhd Âw‹fŸ
                          eh‹fh « tF ¥ ò
t o t §fS «   c U t§fS «
• K¡nfhz«, rJu«, br›tf«, I§nfhz«, t£l« ngh‹w tot§fë‹ bga®fis
  m¿jš.
• tisaš ngh‹w t£l tot _oia¡ bfh©L t£l¤Âid tiujš.
• ftuha¤ij¥ ga‹gL¤Â t£l« tiujš.
• t£l« bjhl®òila brh‰fshd ika«, Mu«, é£l¤Âid m¿a¢ brŒjš.
• nl‹»uhik¥ig ga‹gL¤Â bt›ntW cUt§fis cUth¡Fjš.
• jsãu¥Ãfis¥ ga‹gL¤Â bt‰¿l¤ij ô»¤J ãu¥òjš.
bjhl¡f ãiy tF¥òfS¡fhd Âw‹fŸ
                     eh‹fh « tF ¥ ò
v ©f Ÿ
• 10,000 tiu eh‹»y¡f v©fis¥ go¡fΫ vGjΫ m¿jš.
• ÏlkÂ¥Ãid ga‹gL¤Â eh‹F Ïy¡f v©fis éç¤J vGJjš
• eh‹»y¡f v©fis VWtçir / Ïw§Ftçiræš vGj m¿jš.
• eh‹»y¡f v©fëš v©fis x‹w‹ Ñœ x‹whf (br§F¤jhf) vG T£lš k
  ‰W« fê¤jš. (T£L¤ bjhif 10000¡F äfhkš ÏU¤jš nt©L«)
• 10‹, 100‹ kl§Ffis kdjhš T£lΫ, fê¡fΫ m¿jš
bjhl¡f ãiy tF¥òfS¡fhd Âw‹fŸ
                      eh‹fh « tF ¥ ò
m s it f Ÿ
Ú£lysit
• Û, br.Û. š T£lš, fê¤jš fz¡Ffis¢ brŒjš .
• Û£liu br.Û MfΫ, br.Û-I Û£luhfΫ kh‰Wjš.
• njhuhakhf öu¤Âid kÂ¥ÃLjš.
ãW¤jš msit
• ».». »uh« ngh‹w myFfis¥ ga‹gL¤Â T£lš fz¡if brŒjš.
• »» »uh« ngh‹w myFfis¥ ga‹gL¤Â fê¤jš braiy¢ brŒjš.
• vilæid¤ njhuhakhf kÂ¥Ãlš.
bjhl¡f ãiy tF¥òfS¡fhd Âw‹fŸ
                       I ªj tF ¥ ò
                          h«
to t§ fS « c U t§ fS «
• ÏU gçkhz tot¤Âš ÏUªJ K¥gçkhz tot¤ij tiujš.
v©fŸ
• 1,00,00,000 tiu v©fis m¿jš.
• 1,00,00,000 tiu ÏlkÂ¥ò m¿jš.
• eh‹F mo¥gil¢ brašghLfis¢ brŒjš.
• fhuâfis¡ f©LÃo¡f m¿jš.
• v©fë‹ kl§Ffis¡ fhzš
• kd¡ fz¡FfŸ brŒjš.
• +, −, ×, ÷ brašfëš Ïlk¥Ë g§»id m¿jš.
bjhl¡f ãiy tF¥òfS¡fhd Âw‹fŸ
                   I ªj tF ¥ ò
                      h«
m s it f Ÿ
• bfhŸssé‹ myFfis nkèd¤ÂèUªJ ÑêdkhfΫ, Ñêd¤Âš ÏUªJ
  nkèdkhfΫ kh‰Wjš.
• bfhŸssÎ F¿¤j eh‹F mo¥gil¢ brašfis¢ brŒjš.
• fhy Ïilbtëia¡ f©l¿a T£liyÍ«, fê¤jiyÍ« ga‹gL¤Jjš .
• gz¤ij¥ ga‹gL¤Â eh‹F fâj
• mo¥gil¢ brašghLfŸ _y« fz¡FfS¡F¤ ԮΠfhzš.
• bfhŸssΡfhd th®¤ij fz¡Ffis Ô®¤jš.
• Âl¥bghUë‹ fd msit Kiwrhuh msÎfë‹ _y« Jšèakhf m¿jš.
K jš t F¥ ò - K jš g U t «
                               fh y m s Î

                                 b k h ¤j ¥    ts u¿ k Â¥ Õ L
t.
            g h l ¤j i y ¥ ò        g hl
v©
                                 n t is f Ÿ   FA (a)    FA (b)

1.   tot§fS« cUt§fS«                 40         1          1

2.   v©fŸ 1 Kjš 9 tiu                25         2          2

3.   T£lš                            15         1          1

       bkh¤j«                        80         4         4
ts u¿ kÂ¥ Õ L ( m) bra š ghL fŸ


• tif¥gL¤Jjš (FG¢brašghL)

• milahs« fhzš (FG¢ brašghL)

• brašÂ£l«, (jå eg® brašghL)

• tiujš k‰W« t©zälš ( jå¢brašghL)

• nr®ªJ ã‰ngh« éisah£L - (FG¢ brašghL)

• édho édh
Ï u ©l h « t F ¥ ò - K j š g U t «
                          fh y m s Î
                             b k h ¤j           t s u ¿ n j ®Î
t.
         g h l¤ jiy ¥ ò        g hl
v©
                             n t is f Ÿ   FA (a)           FA (b)
1    tot§fëš mik¥òfŸ            10          1                    1

2    v©fŸ                       20
                                            2                    2
3    v©fis x¥ÃLjš               25

4    T£lš                       30

5    Ú£lysit                    13          1                    1

         bkh¤j«                 98          4                4
ts u¿ kÂ¥ Õ L ( m) bra š ghL fŸ

• tiujš (jå eg® brašghL)

• v© bga® vGJjš ( jå eg® brašghL)

• éisah£L (FG¢ brašghL)

• v©fis x¥Ãlš (jåeg® brašghL)

• éisah£L (FG¢ brašghL)

• ms¤jš (FG¢ brašghL)
_‹ w h « t F ¥ ò - K j š g U t «
                           fh y m s Î
                                  b k h ¤j     ts u¿ k Â¥ Õ L
t.
              g h l¤ jiy ¥ ò        g hl
v©
                                  n t is f Ÿ   FA (a)   FA (b)
1    tot§fS«, cUt§fS« I              10
                                                 1        1
2    tot§fS«, cUt§fS« II              4

3    v©fŸ                            36          1        1

4    T£lš                            25          1        1

5    fê¤jš                           23          1        1

     bkh¤j«                          98          4        4
ts u¿ kÂ¥ Õ L ( m) bra š ghL fŸ

• t©zäLjš (jå eg® brašghL)

• fh£Á¥gL¤Jjš (FG¢ brašghL)

• x¥ÃLjš (FG brašghL)

• gfil éisah£L (FG¢ brašghL )

• fê¤jš (FG¢brašghL)

• T£lY«, fê¤jY« (FG¢brašghL)
 e h ‹ f h « t F ¥ ò - K j š g U t «
                            fh y m s Î
                               b k h ¤j ¥      b r a šg h L f S ¡ F
t.                                            c ç a g h ln t is f Ÿ
         g h l ¤j i y ¥ ò
v©
                               g h l n t is   FA (a)       FA (b)

1.   c‹id¢ R‰¿                      25           1            1

2.   v©fis m¿nth«                   30
                                                 2
                                                              2
3.   T£lY« fê¤jY«                   11

4.   Ús¤ij ms¤jš                    16
                                                 1            1
5.   bghUŸfis ãW¤jš                 16

     bkh¤j«                         98           4            4
tsu¿ kÂ¥ÕL (m) brašghLfŸ

• t£l§fŸ tiujš (Ïiz brašghL)

• jftš nrfç¤jš (jå brašghL)

• g£oaèLjš

• thœ¡if¡ fz¡FfŸ (FG¢ brašghL)

• cau§fis ms¤jš (Ïiz brašghL)

• ãW¤jš (FG¢ brašghL)
Iª jh « t F¥ ò - K jš g U t «
                           fh y m s Î
 t.                                             t s u ç n j ®Î
          g h l¤ jiy ¥ ò    g h ln t is f Ÿ
v ©.
                                              FA (a)      FA (b)
 1.    tot§fŸ                     15            1           1
 2.    v©fS« ÏlkÂ¥ò«
                                  18
                                                1           1
 3.    eh‹F brašghLfŸ
                                  22

 4.    bfhŸsÎ                                   1           1
                                  20

 5.    neu«
                                  16
                                                1           1
 6.    gz«
                                   7

       bkh¤j«                     98            4           4
tsu¿ kÂ¥ÕL (m) brašghLfŸ

• tiujš.

• Mâk⢠r£l¤Âš 5 Ïy¡f v©fis mik¤J mj‹ ÏlkÂ¥ig¡ TWjš (jå¢
    brašghL).
• fhy Ïlbtëia f©l¿jš (jåeg® brašghL)

• jftš nrfç¤J¥ ga‹gL¤Jjš

• brašÂ£l« (jåeg® brašghL)

•   fâj bkhêæš étu¤Âš (jåeg® brašghL).
édho édh

braš és¡f«
• khzt®fis Ïu©L FG¡fshf¥ Ãç¤J, FGé‰F A, B vd¥ bgaçLf.
• vªj FG Kjèš Jt§FtJ v‹gj‰fhf óth, jiyah? ngh£L¤
  Ô®khå¤jš.
• A FG Kjèš Jt§f nt©L« vd¤ Ô®khå¤j ãiyæš m¡FG xU v©
  m£ilia vL¤J¡ fh£l nt©L« .
• B FG m›bt©â‹ T£lš étu« TWjš. x‹W¡F nk‰g£l T£lš
  étu§fŸ Tw MÁça® C¡f¥gL¤j nt©L«.
braš és¡f«

• x›bthU FGé‰F« gš më¡f 3 ãäl§fshtJ ju¥gl nt©L«.

• T£lš étu§fis rçahf¡ T¿a FGé‰F MÁça® fU«gyifæš
  kÂ¥bg©fŸ F¿¤J tunt©L«.

• bjhl®ªJ kh¿ kh¿ ÏU FGé‰F« rk thŒ¥òfŸ më¤J Ï
  ¢brašgh£il brŒjš.
kÂ¥ÕL
• KGikahd FG g§nf‰ò k‰W« éiuªJ gÂyë¡F« FGé‰F 10
  kÂ¥bg©fŸ tH§Fjš.
• éiuªJ gÂyë¤j FGé‰F 8-9 kÂ¥bg©fŸ tH§Fjš
• gÂyë¡f neu« vL¤J¡ bfh©l FGé‰F 6-7 kÂ¥bg©fŸ tH§Fjš.
• Ka‹W gÂyë¥gt®fS¡F 5 kÂ¥bg©fŸ tH§Fjš
  (FGéš cŸnshç‹, g§nf‰ò, éiuªJ gÂyë¡F« j‹ik M»at‰iw
  fU¤Âš bfh©L kÂ¥ÕL brŒf. g§nf‰fhj khzt®fis c‰Wneh¡»
  FiwÔ® elto¡ifahf ghl ò¤jf¤Âš cŸs brašghLfis ÛsΫ brŒa it¡f
  nt©L«).
thœ é a š Âw‹

• Ï¢brašgh£o‹ _y« fhuz fhça¤Jl‹ ÁªÂ¡F« Âw‹ k‰W« Ra
  éê¥òz®itÍ« kÂ¥ÕL brŒaΫ.
Ra éil édh¡fŸ
            (Open ended Questions)
• xU v©â‹ Ïy¡f§fë‹ TLjš 2 Mš tFgL« våš m›bt© ahJ?
• ÏU v©fë‹ TLjš 15 våš m›bt©fŸ ahJ?
• ÏU v©fë‹ é¤Âahr« 12 våš m›bt©fŸ ahit?
• 6 I° F¢Áfis¥ ga‹gL¤Â cd¡F bjçªj tot§fis cUth¡» fh©Ã¡f.
• òŸë¤jhëš gšntW tot§fis tiua¡ TWjš.
•  c‹ål« %. 10 ÏUªjhš, mjid¡ bfh©L Ú v‹bd‹d bghU£fis,
  v¤jid th§FthŒ?

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Maths primary presentation

  • 1.  b j h l ® k ‰W « K G i k k Â¥ Õ L M Á ça® ifnaL b j h l ¡ f ã i y - f z ¡ F Kj š gU t«    
  • 2. fz ¡ F – bjhl¡ f ã iy tF ¥ òfŸ • òÂa ghl¥ò¤jf§fŸ braštê¡ f‰wY¡F«, FHªij ika¡ f‰wY¡F« K¡»a¤Jt« bfhL¤J¤ jahç¡f¥g£LŸsd. • khzt®fŸ jh§fŸ f‰wij Rakhf ijçakhf tF¥giwæš k ‰wt®fnshL fyªJiuaho j§fë‹ ãiyia m¿aΫ, nk«gL¤Â¡bfhŸsΫ thŒ¥ò cŸsJ. • khzt®fŸ nj®Î ga« ÏšyhJ RjªÂukhfΫ, éU¥g¤JlD«, <Lgh£LlD« brašghLfŸ _ykhfΫ, vëikahd vG¤J nj®Î _ykhfΫ j§fŸ milit ju kÂ¥ÕL thæyhf bgWth®fŸ.
  • 3. MÁç a® ifna£oid¥ ga‹gL ¤J tj ‰ fhd têKiwfŸ • ifna£oš bfhL¡f¥g£LŸs brašfŸ mid¤J« têfh£lY¡F k£Lnk. • bfhL¡f¥g£l brašghLfis¡ tF¥giwæ‹ ga‹gh£o‰nf‰g MÁça®fŸ m¥gona (m) kh‰¿aik¤J ga‹gL¤jyh«. • jäHf murhš btëæl¥g£LŸs ghlüèš cŸs mid¤J¥ ghl§fS« Ï¡ifna£oš Ïl« bgW« t©z« jahç¡f¥g£LŸsJ. ÏU¥ÃD« ÏJ ngh‹w (m) ntW brašfis MÁça® j§fŸ cŸq® khzt®fë‹ njit¡nf‰g totik¤J eilKiw¥gL¤jyh«.
  • 4. MÁça® ifna£oid¥ ga‹gL¤Jtj‰fhd têKiwfŸ • Ï¡ifna£oš F¿¥Ãl¥g£LŸs brašfisna tsu¿ kÂ¥Õ£o‰F¥ ga‹gL¤j nt©L« v‹w mtÁa« Ïšiy. • MÁça® têfh£o ifna£oš bfhL¡f¥g£LŸs brašfis K‹åiy¥gL¤Â, brašfis cUth¡» bfhŸsΫ, totik¤J¡ bfhŸtj‰F« KG RjªÂu« ju¥g£LŸsJ. • tsu¿ kÂ¥Õ£o‹ neh¡f« ÁijÎglhkš ÏU¥gJ mtÁa«.
  • 5. MÁça® ifna£oid¥ ga‹gL¤Jtj‰fhd têKiwfŸ • Ï¡ifna£oš gštif f‰wš kÂ¥Õ£L ͤÂfŸ, brašfŸ ngh‹wit kÂ¥Õ£oid nk‰bfhŸs tH§f¥g£LŸsJ. • ghl¥ bghUë‹ j‹ik, v®gh®¡F«f‰wš éisÎ, fhy msÎ, khzt®fë‹ v©â¡if, »il¡F« ts§fŸ M»at‰iw¥ bghW¤J, F¿¥Ãl¥g£LŸs brašfis nk‰bfhŸsyh«.
  • 6. MÁça® ifna£oid¥ ga‹gL¤Jtj‰fhd têKiwfŸ • tsu¿ kÂ¥Õ£oid, MÁça® kÂ¥ÕL brŒÍ« bghGJ khzt®fŸ Rikahf ãid¡fhjthW nk‰bfhŸs Áw¥ò¡ ftd« vL¤J¡bfhŸSjš nt©L«. • tsu¿ kÂ¥Õ£o‹ K¡»a neh¡f«, f‰wèš khzt®fŸ Ïl®¥ghL bfhŸS« gFÂfis m¿ªJ, Fiwfis fistj‰F njitahd elto¡iffis vL¤J f ‰wiy nk«gL¤Jjš MF«. • nkY«, f‰wš f‰Ã¤jèš MÁça®, khzt®fŸ j§fŸ ãiyæid cz®tj ‰F« cjλ‹wJ.
  • 7. t s u ¿ k  ¥ Õ L (m) [FA(a)] • tsu¿ kÂ¥ÕL (m) v‹gJ ghl¤ÂYŸs xU fU¤ij¡ f‰Ã¡F« nghJ ãfH¡ ToajhF«. • fU¤J cUthtj‰F«, f‰wiy tY¥gL¤Jtj‰F« brašghLfë‹ mo¥gilæš ãfH¡ ToajhF«.
  • 8.  t s u ¿ kÂ¥ÕL (m) é‹ Áw¥g«r§fŸ • j‹id¤ jhnd nrh¤J m¿a khzt®fS¡fhd xU msÎ nfhš. • Fiwa¿ k‰W« Fiwfis¥ ngh¡f elto¡if vL¡f MÁça®fS¡fhd têfh£o. • FG¢brašgh£o‹ _y« thœéaš Âw‹fshd KobtL¤jš, Ãu¢ridfis¡ fisjš, e£òwit nk«gL¤Jjš, T®Áªjid k‰W« rçahd jftš bjhl®ò ngh‹wt‰iw nk«gL¤j cjÎtJ.
  • 9.  t s u ¿ kÂ¥ÕL (m) é‹ Áw¥g«r§fŸ • khzt®fë‹ f‰wš ntf¤Â‰nf‰g brašghLfŸ mik¡f¥gl nt©L«. • tF¥Ãš cŸs x›bthU khztU« Fiwªjg£r« 4 brašghLfis x›bthU gUt¤ÂY« nk‰bfh©L mt‰¿š Áwªj 2 brašghLfis MÁça® kÂ¥Õ£o‰F vL¤J¡ bfhŸs nt©L«.
  • 10. tsu¿ kÂ¥ÕL (m) - [FA (a)] é‰fhd Áy brašghLfŸ braš £l« (Projects) f©lhuhŒjš (Investigation) Ãu¢ridia¤ Ô®¤jš (Problem Solving) brŒJ f‰wš (Learning by doing) étu§fis¢ nrfç¤jš x¥gil¥òfŸ (Assignment ) (Data Collection) fU¤J tiugl«(Concept mapping) éisah£LfŸ (Games) bghUŸ és¡f« jUjš (Interpretation) fh£Á¥gL¤Jjš (Visualisation) ò® (Puzzle) njhuha« fhzš (Estimation and Approximation) c‰W neh¡Fjš (Observation) khzt®fis¡ fâj bkhê gçkh‰w¤Â‰F tênfhYjš (Mathematical Communication)
  • 11. tsu¿ kÂ¥ÕL (M) • tsu¿ kÂ¥ÕL (M) v‹gJ ghl¤ÂYŸs xU fU¤ij¡ f‰Ã¤j Ëò f ‰wiy kÂ¥ÕL« brayhF«. • x›bthU khztU¡F« FW»a fhy mséš (5 Kjš 10 ãäl§fŸ) el¤j¥gL« xU ÁW nj®thF«.
  • 12. tsu¿ kÂ¥ÕL (M) Áw¥g«r§fŸ • jå¢ brašgh£o‹ _y« x›bthU khztUila f‰wš milit cW brŒa¥gL»wJ. • khzt®fŸ j§fŸ f‰wš milit¤ j‹id¤jhnd nrh¤J m¿a cjΫ msÎnfhyhF«. • Fiwa¿ k‰W« FiwÔ® elto¡iffis vL¡f MÁça®fS¡F xU tê fh£oahf mik»wJ.
  • 13. ts u¿ k Â¥ Õ L ( M ) Áw ¥ g « r§ fŸ • jå¢ brašgh£o‹ _y« Fiwa¿a¥gLtjhš j‹id m¿jš, T®Áªjid Âw‹, gil¥gh‰wš Âw‹ k‰W« Á¡fY¡F¤ ԮΠfhzš ngh‹w thœéaš Âw‹fis nk«gL¤J»wJ. • tF¥Ãš cŸs x›bthU khztU« Fiwªjg£r« 4 brašghLfis x›bthU gUt¤ÂY« nk‰bfh©L mt‰¿š Áwªj 2 brašghLfis MÁça® kÂ¥Õ£o‰F vL¤J¡bfhŸs nt©L«.
  • 14. tsu¿ kÂ¥ÕL (M) [FA (b)] é‰fhd Áy brašghLfŸ • gšéil édh¡fŸ (Multiple Choice) • nfho£l Ïl§fis ãu¥òjš (Fill in the blanks) • bghU¤Jjš (Matching) • édho édh (Quiz) • fâj fU¤Jfis ãidÎ TWjš (Recalling ) • tçir¥gL¤Jjš (Sequecing)Mathematical Concepts) • ca® Áªjidia¤ ö©L« édh¡fŸ (Higher order Thinking question) • ÁW édh¡fŸ (Short Answer Question) • FW édh¡fŸ (Very short Answer Question)
  • 15. bjhF¤j¿ kÂ¥ÕL   (SA) • bjhF¤j¿ kÂ¥ÕL v‹gJ x›bthU gUt¤Â‹ ÏWÂæš 60 kÂ¥bg©fS¡F nj®Î eilbgW«. Ïj‰fhd édh totik¥ò k‰W« tF¥ò thçahd khÂç édh¤jhŸfŸ Ï¡ifna£oš Ïiz¡f¥g£LŸsJ. • bjhF¤j¿ kÂ¥ÕlhdJ f‰wš neh¡f§fshd m¿jš, òçjš, ga‹gL¤Jjš k‰W« Âw‹ bgwš v‹w mo¥gilæš mik¡f¥g£LŸsJ. Ïj‰nf‰g x›bthU gUt¤Â‰F« nj®ÎfŸ tF¥ò thçahf eilbgW«.
  • 16. bjhF¤j¿ kÂ¥ÕL   (SA) • bjhF¤j¿ kÂ¥ÕlhdJ mªj¥ gUt¤Âš bfhL¡f¥g£l ghl¤Â£l¤ij cŸsl¡»ajhf ÏU¡F«. • bjhF¤j¿ kÂ¥ÕlhdJ ghlüèš bfhL¡f¥g£l ghl¥bghUŸ gæ‰Á k ‰W« brašfŸ rh®ªjjhf ÏU¡F«. • nkY«, ghlüèš gæ‰Áahf¡ bfhL¡f¥g£l fz¡FfŸ mšyhkY« ghl¥bghUŸ rh®ªJ« ÏU¡F«.
  • 17. jå eg® brašghL • KGikahd k‰W« bjhl® kÂ¥Õ£oš x›bthU khztiuÍ« f‰wèš cW brŒa jå eg® brašghL mtÁakh»wJ. • tF¥giwæš khzt®fë‹ v©â¡if Fiwthf ÏU¡F« nghJ Ï¢brašghL V ‰òilajhf mikÍ«. • MÁça® x›bthU khztçl¤ÂY« ftd« brY¤Â, f‰wš bjhŒé‹¿ eilbgW»‹wjh, v‹gij cW brŒa nt©L«. • jå eg® brašgh£o‹ _y« eilbgW« f‰wyhdJ, Ú©l eh£fS¡F ãiy¤J ã‰F«. nkY«, f‰wš bghUSilajhf ÏU¡F«.
  • 18. FG brašghL • tF¥giwæš khzt®fë‹ v©â¡if mÂfkhf ÏU¡F« nghJ MÁça® khzt®fis 5mšyJ mj‰F nk‰g£l ÁW FG¡fshf¥ Ãç¤J f‰wš brašgh£il mik¡f nt©L«. • ÁW FG¡fshf¥ Ãç¡f¥gLtjhš x›bthU FGédU¡F« f‰wš f ‰Ã¤jš Jiz¡fUéfŸ nghJkhd msé‰F tH§Ftij cW brŒjš nt©L«. • Ï¢brašgh£o‹ nghJ tF¥giw xG§F e‹Kiwæš mika MÁça® f©fhâ¡f nt©L«. • x›bthU khztUila g§fë¥ò« Ïl« bgWkhW MÁça® cW brŒa nt©L«.
  • 19. FiwÔ® f‰Ã¤jš • tsu¿ kÂ¥ÕL ( m ) k‰W« tsu¿ kÂ¥ÕL ( M) Ïš KGikahf¢ brašglhj, Ka‰Á njit¥gL« khzt®fS¡F Û©L« f‰wèš KGikaila MÁça® cjéÍl‹ mnj brašgh£ilnah mšyJ khzt® vL¤J¡bfh©l brašgh£o‰F Ïizahd, vëikahd kh‰W brašgh£ilnah më¡f nt©L«. • FiwÔ® f‰Ã¤jiy khzt®fŸ KGikahd f‰wš milÎ bgW«tiu bjhl®ªJ brŒjš nt©L«.
  • 20. bjhl¡f ãiy tF¥òfS¡fhd Âw‹fŸ K j tF ¥ ò š to t§ fS « c U t§ fS « • òw btëæš j‹ ÏU¥òãiy g‰¿ m¿jš. • c©ik¥ bghUŸfë‹ tot§fisÍ«, g©òfisÍ« m¿Kf¥ gL¤Jjš. • bjhl¡f ãiy tot§fis m¿jš. • bghU£fë‹ bjhFÂfis tot§fS¡F V‰g tif¥gL¤Jjš. v©fŸ • 1 Kjš 9 tiu v©fŸ m¿jš. • TLjš bjhif 10¡FŸ tUkhW Xçy¡f v©fëš TLjš fhzš. • T£lš brašgh£o‰F +F¿ nr®¤J TLjš, bkh¤j« ngh‹w th®¤ijfis m¿Kf¥gL¤Jjš.
  • 21. bjhl¡f ãiy tF¥òfS¡fhd Âw‹fŸ Ï u©lh« tF ¥ ò v ©f Ÿ • 99 tiu v©fis vGjΫ , go¡fΫ m¿jš. • Ïl kÂ¥ò v‹w fU¤ij òçªJ bfhŸSjš. • 100 tiu v©fis VWtçir / Ïw§Ftçiræš tçir¥gL¤Jjš. • x‰iw, Ïu£il v©fis m¿jš. • Ïdkh‰wä‹¿Í«, Ïdkh‰w¤JlD« TLjš 100¡FŸ tUkhW T£lš • ó¢Áa« T£liy m¿jš.
  • 22. bjhl¡f ãiy tF¥òfS¡fhd Âw‹fŸ Ï u©lh« tF ¥ ò m s it f Ÿ • ju¥gL¤j¥glhj myFfshd rh©, KH«, éu‰fil, fhyo, j¥go _y« R ‰W¥òw¤Âš cŸs bghU£fë‹ Ús¤ij ms¡f m¿jš. mik¥ òfŸ • tot§fë‹ tçir mik¥Ãš mik¥òfis¡ T®ªJ neh¡» tiujY«, Ú£o¤jY«.
  • 23. bjhl¡f ãiy tF¥òfS¡fhd Âw‹fŸ _ « tF ¥ ò ‹wh to t§ fS « c U t§ fS « • ÏU gçkhz tot¤ij cUth¡Fjš k‰W« mj‹ g©òfis és¡Fjš. • nl‹»uh« J©Lfis¥ ga‹gL¤Â bt›ntW tot§fis cUth¡Fjš. • tiugl m¿Kf«, m¿ªJ bfhŸSjš. • K¥gçkhz tot§fis tiujš.
  • 24. bjhl¡f ãiy tF¥òfS¡fhd Âw‹fŸ _ « tF ¥ ò ‹wh v ©f Ÿ • 1000 tiu _‹W Ïy¡f v©fis¥ go¡fΫ, vGjΫ m¿jš. • 1000 v©fŸ tiu Ïl kÂ¥Ãid òçªJ bfhŸSjš . • 1000 tiu v©fis VWtçir / Ïw§Ftçiræš vGj m¿jš. • T£L¤ bjhif 1000¡FŸ tUkhW v©fis br§F¤jhf vG¡ T£lš.
  • 25. bjhl¡f ãiy tF¥òfS¡fhd Âw‹fŸ _ « tF ¥ ò ‹wh v ©f Ÿ • _‹W Ïy¡f v©fëš fê¤jš braiy¢ brŒjš. • 50¡F Fiwthf cŸs v©fis¥ ga‹gL¤Â, Ïu©L v©fë‹ TLjš é¤Âahr¤ij kÂ¥ÃLjš. • _‹¿y¡f v©fëš x‰iw v©, Ïu£il v©fis m¿jš. • bfhL¡f¥g£l Ïy¡f§fis ga‹gL¤Â bgça v©, Á¿a v©iz cUth¡Fjš .
  • 26. bjhl¡f ãiy tF¥òfS¡fhd Âw‹fŸ eh‹fh « tF ¥ ò t o t §fS « c U t§fS « • K¡nfhz«, rJu«, br›tf«, I§nfhz«, t£l« ngh‹w tot§fë‹ bga®fis m¿jš. • tisaš ngh‹w t£l tot _oia¡ bfh©L t£l¤Âid tiujš. • ftuha¤ij¥ ga‹gL¤Â t£l« tiujš. • t£l« bjhl®òila brh‰fshd ika«, Mu«, é£l¤Âid m¿a¢ brŒjš. • nl‹»uhik¥ig ga‹gL¤Â bt›ntW cUt§fis cUth¡Fjš. • jsãu¥Ãfis¥ ga‹gL¤Â bt‰¿l¤ij ô»¤J ãu¥òjš.
  • 27. bjhl¡f ãiy tF¥òfS¡fhd Âw‹fŸ eh‹fh « tF ¥ ò v ©f Ÿ • 10,000 tiu eh‹»y¡f v©fis¥ go¡fΫ vGjΫ m¿jš. • ÏlkÂ¥Ãid ga‹gL¤Â eh‹F Ïy¡f v©fis éç¤J vGJjš • eh‹»y¡f v©fis VWtçir / Ïw§Ftçiræš vGj m¿jš. • eh‹»y¡f v©fëš v©fis x‹w‹ Ñœ x‹whf (br§F¤jhf) vG T£lš k ‰W« fê¤jš. (T£L¤ bjhif 10000¡F äfhkš ÏU¤jš nt©L«) • 10‹, 100‹ kl§Ffis kdjhš T£lΫ, fê¡fΫ m¿jš
  • 28. bjhl¡f ãiy tF¥òfS¡fhd Âw‹fŸ eh‹fh « tF ¥ ò m s it f Ÿ Ú£lysit • Û, br.Û. š T£lš, fê¤jš fz¡Ffis¢ brŒjš . • Û£liu br.Û MfΫ, br.Û-I Û£luhfΫ kh‰Wjš. • njhuhakhf öu¤Âid kÂ¥ÃLjš. ãW¤jš msit • ».». »uh« ngh‹w myFfis¥ ga‹gL¤Â T£lš fz¡if brŒjš. • »» »uh« ngh‹w myFfis¥ ga‹gL¤Â fê¤jš braiy¢ brŒjš. • vilæid¤ njhuhakhf kÂ¥Ãlš.
  • 29. bjhl¡f ãiy tF¥òfS¡fhd Âw‹fŸ I ªj tF ¥ ò h« to t§ fS « c U t§ fS « • ÏU gçkhz tot¤Âš ÏUªJ K¥gçkhz tot¤ij tiujš. v©fŸ • 1,00,00,000 tiu v©fis m¿jš. • 1,00,00,000 tiu ÏlkÂ¥ò m¿jš. • eh‹F mo¥gil¢ brašghLfis¢ brŒjš. • fhuâfis¡ f©LÃo¡f m¿jš. • v©fë‹ kl§Ffis¡ fhzš • kd¡ fz¡FfŸ brŒjš. • +, −, ×, ÷ brašfëš Ïlk¥Ë g§»id m¿jš.
  • 30. bjhl¡f ãiy tF¥òfS¡fhd Âw‹fŸ I ªj tF ¥ ò h« m s it f Ÿ • bfhŸssé‹ myFfis nkèd¤ÂèUªJ ÑêdkhfΫ, Ñêd¤Âš ÏUªJ nkèdkhfΫ kh‰Wjš. • bfhŸssÎ F¿¤j eh‹F mo¥gil¢ brašfis¢ brŒjš. • fhy Ïilbtëia¡ f©l¿a T£liyÍ«, fê¤jiyÍ« ga‹gL¤Jjš . • gz¤ij¥ ga‹gL¤Â eh‹F fâj • mo¥gil¢ brašghLfŸ _y« fz¡FfS¡F¤ ԮΠfhzš. • bfhŸssΡfhd th®¤ij fz¡Ffis Ô®¤jš. • Âl¥bghUë‹ fd msit Kiwrhuh msÎfë‹ _y« Jšèakhf m¿jš.
  • 31. K jš t F¥ ò - K jš g U t « fh y m s Î b k h ¤j ¥ ts u¿ k Â¥ Õ L t. g h l ¤j i y ¥ ò g hl v© n t is f Ÿ FA (a) FA (b) 1. tot§fS« cUt§fS« 40 1 1 2. v©fŸ 1 Kjš 9 tiu 25 2 2 3. T£lš 15 1 1 bkh¤j« 80 4 4
  • 32. ts u¿ kÂ¥ Õ L ( m) bra š ghL fŸ • tif¥gL¤Jjš (FG¢brašghL) • milahs« fhzš (FG¢ brašghL) • brašÂ£l«, (jå eg® brašghL) • tiujš k‰W« t©zälš ( jå¢brašghL) • nr®ªJ ã‰ngh« éisah£L - (FG¢ brašghL) • édho édh
  • 33. Ï u ©l h « t F ¥ ò - K j š g U t « fh y m s Î b k h ¤j t s u ¿ n j ®Î t. g h l¤ jiy ¥ ò g hl v© n t is f Ÿ FA (a) FA (b) 1 tot§fëš mik¥òfŸ 10 1 1 2 v©fŸ 20 2 2 3 v©fis x¥ÃLjš 25 4 T£lš 30 5 Ú£lysit 13 1 1 bkh¤j« 98 4 4
  • 34. ts u¿ kÂ¥ Õ L ( m) bra š ghL fŸ • tiujš (jå eg® brašghL) • v© bga® vGJjš ( jå eg® brašghL) • éisah£L (FG¢ brašghL) • v©fis x¥Ãlš (jåeg® brašghL) • éisah£L (FG¢ brašghL) • ms¤jš (FG¢ brašghL)
  • 35. _‹ w h « t F ¥ ò - K j š g U t « fh y m s Î b k h ¤j ts u¿ k Â¥ Õ L t. g h l¤ jiy ¥ ò g hl v© n t is f Ÿ FA (a) FA (b) 1 tot§fS«, cUt§fS« I 10 1 1 2 tot§fS«, cUt§fS« II 4 3 v©fŸ 36 1 1 4 T£lš 25 1 1 5 fê¤jš 23 1 1 bkh¤j« 98 4 4
  • 36. ts u¿ kÂ¥ Õ L ( m) bra š ghL fŸ • t©zäLjš (jå eg® brašghL) • fh£Á¥gL¤Jjš (FG¢ brašghL) • x¥ÃLjš (FG brašghL) • gfil éisah£L (FG¢ brašghL ) • fê¤jš (FG¢brašghL) • T£lY«, fê¤jY« (FG¢brašghL)
  • 37.  e h ‹ f h « t F ¥ ò - K j š g U t « fh y m s Î b k h ¤j ¥ b r a šg h L f S ¡ F t. c ç a g h ln t is f Ÿ g h l ¤j i y ¥ ò v© g h l n t is FA (a) FA (b) 1. c‹id¢ R‰¿ 25 1 1 2. v©fis m¿nth« 30 2 2 3. T£lY« fê¤jY« 11 4. Ús¤ij ms¤jš 16 1 1 5. bghUŸfis ãW¤jš 16 bkh¤j« 98 4 4
  • 38. tsu¿ kÂ¥ÕL (m) brašghLfŸ • t£l§fŸ tiujš (Ïiz brašghL) • jftš nrfç¤jš (jå brašghL) • g£oaèLjš • thœ¡if¡ fz¡FfŸ (FG¢ brašghL) • cau§fis ms¤jš (Ïiz brašghL) • ãW¤jš (FG¢ brašghL)
  • 39. Iª jh « t F¥ ò - K jš g U t « fh y m s Î t. t s u ç n j ®Î g h l¤ jiy ¥ ò g h ln t is f Ÿ v ©. FA (a) FA (b) 1. tot§fŸ 15 1 1 2. v©fS« ÏlkÂ¥ò« 18 1 1 3. eh‹F brašghLfŸ 22 4. bfhŸsÎ 1 1 20 5. neu« 16 1 1 6. gz« 7 bkh¤j« 98 4 4
  • 40. tsu¿ kÂ¥ÕL (m) brašghLfŸ • tiujš. • Mâk⢠r£l¤Âš 5 Ïy¡f v©fis mik¤J mj‹ ÏlkÂ¥ig¡ TWjš (jå¢ brašghL). • fhy Ïlbtëia f©l¿jš (jåeg® brašghL) • jftš nrfç¤J¥ ga‹gL¤Jjš • brašÂ£l« (jåeg® brašghL) • fâj bkhêæš étu¤Âš (jåeg® brašghL).
  • 41. édho édh braš és¡f« • khzt®fis Ïu©L FG¡fshf¥ Ãç¤J, FGé‰F A, B vd¥ bgaçLf. • vªj FG Kjèš Jt§FtJ v‹gj‰fhf óth, jiyah? ngh£L¤ Ô®khå¤jš. • A FG Kjèš Jt§f nt©L« vd¤ Ô®khå¤j ãiyæš m¡FG xU v© m£ilia vL¤J¡ fh£l nt©L« . • B FG m›bt©â‹ T£lš étu« TWjš. x‹W¡F nk‰g£l T£lš étu§fŸ Tw MÁça® C¡f¥gL¤j nt©L«.
  • 42. braš és¡f« • x›bthU FGé‰F« gš më¡f 3 ãäl§fshtJ ju¥gl nt©L«. • T£lš étu§fis rçahf¡ T¿a FGé‰F MÁça® fU«gyifæš kÂ¥bg©fŸ F¿¤J tunt©L«. • bjhl®ªJ kh¿ kh¿ ÏU FGé‰F« rk thŒ¥òfŸ më¤J Ï ¢brašgh£il brŒjš.
  • 43. kÂ¥ÕL • KGikahd FG g§nf‰ò k‰W« éiuªJ gÂyë¡F« FGé‰F 10 kÂ¥bg©fŸ tH§Fjš. • éiuªJ gÂyë¤j FGé‰F 8-9 kÂ¥bg©fŸ tH§Fjš • gÂyë¡f neu« vL¤J¡ bfh©l FGé‰F 6-7 kÂ¥bg©fŸ tH§Fjš. • Ka‹W gÂyë¥gt®fS¡F 5 kÂ¥bg©fŸ tH§Fjš (FGéš cŸnshç‹, g§nf‰ò, éiuªJ gÂyë¡F« j‹ik M»at‰iw fU¤Âš bfh©L kÂ¥ÕL brŒf. g§nf‰fhj khzt®fis c‰Wneh¡» FiwÔ® elto¡ifahf ghl ò¤jf¤Âš cŸs brašghLfis ÛsΫ brŒa it¡f nt©L«).
  • 44. thœ é a š Âw‹ • Ï¢brašgh£o‹ _y« fhuz fhça¤Jl‹ ÁªÂ¡F« Âw‹ k‰W« Ra éê¥òz®itÍ« kÂ¥ÕL brŒaΫ.
  • 45. Ra éil édh¡fŸ (Open ended Questions) • xU v©â‹ Ïy¡f§fë‹ TLjš 2 Mš tFgL« våš m›bt© ahJ? • ÏU v©fë‹ TLjš 15 våš m›bt©fŸ ahJ? • ÏU v©fë‹ é¤Âahr« 12 våš m›bt©fŸ ahit? • 6 I° F¢Áfis¥ ga‹gL¤Â cd¡F bjçªj tot§fis cUth¡» fh©Ã¡f. • òŸë¤jhëš gšntW tot§fis tiua¡ TWjš. • c‹ål« %. 10 ÏUªjhš, mjid¡ bfh©L Ú v‹bd‹d bghU£fis, v¤jid th§FthŒ?