This document provides an overview of three media theories - representation, Maslow's hierarchy of needs, and uses and gratifications theory - and how to apply them when analyzing media texts. It explains key aspects of each theory, such as how representation uses messages and stereotypes to influence audiences' beliefs. Maslow's hierarchy suggests people's motivations change across five stages of life. Uses and gratifications focuses on how audiences actively engage with media to fulfill needs. Questions are provided for analyzing texts using each theory's concepts around representation, motivations, and audience behaviors.