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Composition II /English 1102 Department of English
RESEARCH TOPIC PROPOSAL REQUIREMENTS &
DIRECTIONS REQUIREMENTS
Free from grammatical and mechanical errors.
4 – 5 pages
Uploaded to Turnitin.com
MLA Format & Style: 10 or 12 pt. font, Times New Roman,
Arial, or Calibri, Double-spaced.
Three (3) documented sources on a Works Cited page.
PURPOSE
To write an engaging research proposal that signals the
originality and importance of your inquiry topic and related
research.
To practice writing in an academic genre within a rhetorical
situation. DIRECTIONS This proposal is directed to your
instructor. This person is your primary audience. You are trying
to persuade her that your research topic is valid, original and
that the scope of your research is feasible within the constraints
of this course. While proposals vary in each discipline, most
academic proposals provide the following three elements: 1.
PURPOSE AND RATIONALE: A rationale for the choice of
topic, showing why it is important or useful within the concerns
of the discipline in which you are writing. In this section you
should summarize the issue and explain how it has led to the
question driving your research. You should also explain why
you are interested in this issue area, why, again, it is important,
and what is at stake. Ask yourself why others should be
interested in your effort to answer the question. 2.
METHODOLOGY AND REVIEW: A review of some existing
published work (“the literature”) that relates to a topic (at this
point, you just need a minimum of three). Here you need to tell
how your proposed work will build on existing studies and yet
explore new territory. There should be evidence that you have
done some preliminary research into your topic. You will also
describe the tools and strategies you will use to conduct your
research. 3. IMPLICATIONS: Explain what you think are the
implications of your topic and research. Strive to answer the
question, “So what?” Place you argument in the context of the
conversation you want to join and explain how your study can
contribute to that conversation. Write about how your study will
build on, challenge, or extend other studies in your area of
research. Try to address what might be new about your findings.
Talya Bauer and Berrin Erdogan
Learning Objectives
Define personality and how it affects work behaviors
Understand the role of values in determining work behaviors
Explain the process of perception and how it affects work
behaviors
Understand how individual differences affect ethics
Understand cross-cultural influences on individual differences
and perception
Chapter 3 Individual Differences and Perception
© 2010 Jupiterimages Corporation
Fit
How can a company assess person-job fit before hiring
employees? What are the methods you think would be helpful?
How can a company determine person-organization fit before
hiring employees? Which methods do you think would be
helpful? What can organizations do to increase person-job and
person-organization fit after they hire employees?
Discussion
Values
Values refer to stable life goals that people have, reflecting
what is most important to them.
© 2010 Jupiterimages Corporation
Values
Personality
Personality encompasses the relatively stable feelings, thoughts,
and behavioral patterns a person has.
Big Five Personality TraitsTraitDescriptionOpennessCurious,
original, intellectual, creative, and open to new ideas.
ConscientiousnessOrganized, systematic, punctual,
achievement-oriented, and dependable.Extraversion Outgoing,
talkative, sociable, and enjoys being in social
situations.AgreeablenessNice, tolerant, sensitive, trusting, kind,
and warm.NeuroticismAnxious, irritable, aggressive,
temperamental, and moody.
Myers-Briggs Type
IndicatorDimensionExplanationEIExtraversion: Those who
derive their energy from other people and objects.Introversion:
Those who derive their energy from inside.SNSensing: Those
who rely on their five senses to perceive the external
environment.Intuition: Those who rely on their intuition and
hunches to perceive the external environment.TFThinking:
Those who use their logic to arrive at solutions.Feeling: Those
who use their values and ideas about what is right and wrong to
arrive at solutions. JPJudgment: Those who are organized,
systematic, and would like to have clarity and
closure.Perception: Those who are curious, open minded, and
prefer to have some ambiguity.
OB Toolbox
Help, I work with a negative person!
Other Personality Traits
OB Toolbox
Ways to Build Your Self-Confidence
Personality Testing in Employee Selection
Companies such as Kronos and Hogan Assessments conduct pre-
employment personality tests.
Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Kronos-
incorporated.jpg
Think about the personality traits covered in this section. Can
you think of jobs or occupations that seem particularly suited to
each trait? Which traits would be universally desirable across
all jobs? What are the unique challenges of managing
employees who have low self-efficacy and low self-esteem?
How would you deal with this situation? What are some
methods that companies can use to assess employee personality?
Have you ever held a job where your personality did not match
the demands of the job? How did you react to this situation?
How were your attitudes and behaviors affected? Can you think
of any limitations of developing an “ideal employee” profile
and looking for employees who fit that profile while hiring?
Discussion
Perception is how individuals detect and interpret
environmental stimuli.
Perception
© 2010 Jupiterimages Corporation
Our visual perception goes beyond the information physically
available. In this figure, we see the white triangle in the middle
even though it is not really there.
Visual Perception
Visual Perception
Which circle is bigger? The circle on the left appears bigger
when in fact they are the same size.
Self Perception
Social Perception
Our perceptions of the environment are influenced by our
values, emotions, feelings, and personalities, which in turn
influence our actions.
Social Perception
Social Perception
First impressions are initial thoughts and perceptions we form
about people, which tend to be stable and salient to contrary
information.
© 2010 Jupiterimages Corporation
OB Toolbox
How Can I Make a Great First Impression in the Job Interview?
Attributions
Internal or External Attribution
AttributionsConsensusDistinctivenessConsistencyAttribution
High consensus
Everyone else behaves the same way.High distinctiveness
This person does not usually behave this way in different
situations.Low consistency
This person usually does not behave this way in this situation.
ExternalLow consensus
No one else behaves the same way. Low distinctiveness
This person usually behaves this way in different situations.
High consistency
Every time this person is in this situation, he/she acts the same
way.Internal
What are the implications of perceptual error for interpersonal
interactions? What are the problems of false consensus error?
How can managers deal with this tendency? Is there such a
thing as a “good” stereotype? Is a “good” stereotype useful or
still problematic? How do we manage the fact that human
beings develop stereotypes? How would you prevent stereotypes
from creating unfairness in decision-making? Is it possible to
manage the attributions other people make about our behavior?
Let’s assume that you have completed a project successfully.
How would you maximize the chances that your manager will
make an internal attribution? How would you increase the
chances of an external attribution when you fail in a task?
Discussion
Individual Differences and Ethics
Ethics
Personality
Personal Values
Culture
Personality Around the Globe – Self-Reported Self-Esteem
Source: Adapted from information in Denissen, J.J.A., Penke,
L., & Schmitt, D.P. (July 2008). Self-Esteem reactions to social
interactions: Evidence for sociometer mechanisms across days,
people, and nations. Journal of Personality & Social
Psychology, 95, 181-196; Hitti, M. (2005). Who’s No. 1 in
Self-esteem? Serbia is tops, Japan ranks lowest, U.S. is No. 6
in global survey. WebMD, http://www.webmd.com/skin-
beauty/news/20050927/whos-number-1-in-self-esteem; Schmitt,
D.P., & Allik, J. (2005). The simultaneous administration of
the Rosenberg self-esteem scale in 53 nationals: Culture-
specific features of global self-esteem. Journal of Personality
and Social Psychology, 89, 623-642.
Highest 1. Serbia 2. Chile 3. Israel 4. Peru 5. Estonia 6.
USA 7. Turkey 8. Mexico 9. Croatia10. AustriaLowest 1.
South Korea 2. Switzerland 3. Morocco 4. Slovakia 5. Fiji 6.
Taiwan 7. Czech Republic 8. Bangladesh 9. Hong Kong10.
Japan
*
If ethical decision making depends partially on personality,
what can organizations do to increase the frequency of ethical
behaviors?
Do you think personality tests used in Western cultures in
employee selection can be used in other cultures?
Discussion

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Composition II English 1102 Department of English RESEARCH TOPI.docx

  • 1. Composition II /English 1102 Department of English RESEARCH TOPIC PROPOSAL REQUIREMENTS & DIRECTIONS REQUIREMENTS Free from grammatical and mechanical errors. 4 – 5 pages Uploaded to Turnitin.com MLA Format & Style: 10 or 12 pt. font, Times New Roman, Arial, or Calibri, Double-spaced. Three (3) documented sources on a Works Cited page. PURPOSE To write an engaging research proposal that signals the originality and importance of your inquiry topic and related research. To practice writing in an academic genre within a rhetorical situation. DIRECTIONS This proposal is directed to your instructor. This person is your primary audience. You are trying to persuade her that your research topic is valid, original and that the scope of your research is feasible within the constraints of this course. While proposals vary in each discipline, most academic proposals provide the following three elements: 1. PURPOSE AND RATIONALE: A rationale for the choice of topic, showing why it is important or useful within the concerns of the discipline in which you are writing. In this section you should summarize the issue and explain how it has led to the question driving your research. You should also explain why you are interested in this issue area, why, again, it is important, and what is at stake. Ask yourself why others should be interested in your effort to answer the question. 2. METHODOLOGY AND REVIEW: A review of some existing published work (“the literature”) that relates to a topic (at this point, you just need a minimum of three). Here you need to tell how your proposed work will build on existing studies and yet explore new territory. There should be evidence that you have done some preliminary research into your topic. You will also
  • 2. describe the tools and strategies you will use to conduct your research. 3. IMPLICATIONS: Explain what you think are the implications of your topic and research. Strive to answer the question, “So what?” Place you argument in the context of the conversation you want to join and explain how your study can contribute to that conversation. Write about how your study will build on, challenge, or extend other studies in your area of research. Try to address what might be new about your findings. Talya Bauer and Berrin Erdogan Learning Objectives Define personality and how it affects work behaviors Understand the role of values in determining work behaviors Explain the process of perception and how it affects work behaviors Understand how individual differences affect ethics Understand cross-cultural influences on individual differences and perception Chapter 3 Individual Differences and Perception © 2010 Jupiterimages Corporation
  • 3. Fit How can a company assess person-job fit before hiring employees? What are the methods you think would be helpful? How can a company determine person-organization fit before hiring employees? Which methods do you think would be helpful? What can organizations do to increase person-job and person-organization fit after they hire employees? Discussion Values Values refer to stable life goals that people have, reflecting what is most important to them. © 2010 Jupiterimages Corporation Values Personality Personality encompasses the relatively stable feelings, thoughts, and behavioral patterns a person has. Big Five Personality TraitsTraitDescriptionOpennessCurious, original, intellectual, creative, and open to new ideas. ConscientiousnessOrganized, systematic, punctual, achievement-oriented, and dependable.Extraversion Outgoing, talkative, sociable, and enjoys being in social situations.AgreeablenessNice, tolerant, sensitive, trusting, kind,
  • 4. and warm.NeuroticismAnxious, irritable, aggressive, temperamental, and moody. Myers-Briggs Type IndicatorDimensionExplanationEIExtraversion: Those who derive their energy from other people and objects.Introversion: Those who derive their energy from inside.SNSensing: Those who rely on their five senses to perceive the external environment.Intuition: Those who rely on their intuition and hunches to perceive the external environment.TFThinking: Those who use their logic to arrive at solutions.Feeling: Those who use their values and ideas about what is right and wrong to arrive at solutions. JPJudgment: Those who are organized, systematic, and would like to have clarity and closure.Perception: Those who are curious, open minded, and prefer to have some ambiguity.
  • 5. OB Toolbox Help, I work with a negative person! Other Personality Traits OB Toolbox Ways to Build Your Self-Confidence Personality Testing in Employee Selection Companies such as Kronos and Hogan Assessments conduct pre- employment personality tests. Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Kronos- incorporated.jpg Think about the personality traits covered in this section. Can you think of jobs or occupations that seem particularly suited to each trait? Which traits would be universally desirable across all jobs? What are the unique challenges of managing employees who have low self-efficacy and low self-esteem? How would you deal with this situation? What are some methods that companies can use to assess employee personality? Have you ever held a job where your personality did not match the demands of the job? How did you react to this situation? How were your attitudes and behaviors affected? Can you think
  • 6. of any limitations of developing an “ideal employee” profile and looking for employees who fit that profile while hiring? Discussion Perception is how individuals detect and interpret environmental stimuli. Perception © 2010 Jupiterimages Corporation Our visual perception goes beyond the information physically available. In this figure, we see the white triangle in the middle even though it is not really there. Visual Perception Visual Perception Which circle is bigger? The circle on the left appears bigger when in fact they are the same size.
  • 7. Self Perception Social Perception Our perceptions of the environment are influenced by our values, emotions, feelings, and personalities, which in turn influence our actions. Social Perception Social Perception First impressions are initial thoughts and perceptions we form about people, which tend to be stable and salient to contrary information. © 2010 Jupiterimages Corporation OB Toolbox How Can I Make a Great First Impression in the Job Interview?
  • 8. Attributions Internal or External Attribution AttributionsConsensusDistinctivenessConsistencyAttribution High consensus Everyone else behaves the same way.High distinctiveness This person does not usually behave this way in different situations.Low consistency This person usually does not behave this way in this situation. ExternalLow consensus No one else behaves the same way. Low distinctiveness This person usually behaves this way in different situations. High consistency Every time this person is in this situation, he/she acts the same way.Internal What are the implications of perceptual error for interpersonal interactions? What are the problems of false consensus error? How can managers deal with this tendency? Is there such a thing as a “good” stereotype? Is a “good” stereotype useful or
  • 9. still problematic? How do we manage the fact that human beings develop stereotypes? How would you prevent stereotypes from creating unfairness in decision-making? Is it possible to manage the attributions other people make about our behavior? Let’s assume that you have completed a project successfully. How would you maximize the chances that your manager will make an internal attribution? How would you increase the chances of an external attribution when you fail in a task? Discussion Individual Differences and Ethics Ethics Personality Personal Values Culture Personality Around the Globe – Self-Reported Self-Esteem Source: Adapted from information in Denissen, J.J.A., Penke, L., & Schmitt, D.P. (July 2008). Self-Esteem reactions to social interactions: Evidence for sociometer mechanisms across days, people, and nations. Journal of Personality & Social Psychology, 95, 181-196; Hitti, M. (2005). Who’s No. 1 in Self-esteem? Serbia is tops, Japan ranks lowest, U.S. is No. 6 in global survey. WebMD, http://www.webmd.com/skin- beauty/news/20050927/whos-number-1-in-self-esteem; Schmitt, D.P., & Allik, J. (2005). The simultaneous administration of the Rosenberg self-esteem scale in 53 nationals: Culture- specific features of global self-esteem. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 89, 623-642. Highest 1. Serbia 2. Chile 3. Israel 4. Peru 5. Estonia 6. USA 7. Turkey 8. Mexico 9. Croatia10. AustriaLowest 1.
  • 10. South Korea 2. Switzerland 3. Morocco 4. Slovakia 5. Fiji 6. Taiwan 7. Czech Republic 8. Bangladesh 9. Hong Kong10. Japan *
  • 11. If ethical decision making depends partially on personality, what can organizations do to increase the frequency of ethical behaviors? Do you think personality tests used in Western cultures in employee selection can be used in other cultures? Discussion