Introduction about the mineral metabolism, function, classification, Role of minerals in life process such as calcium, potassium, phosphorous, chloride, magnesium, zinc, iodine, copper, cobalt some of the trace minerals. uses and their deficiency diseases and disorders. source of water, execration and water balance water process in life. acid-base balance, osmosis, concept of pH, concept of buffer, concept of electrolytes.
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Introduction about the mineral metabolism, function, classification, Role of minerals in life process such as calcium, potassium, phosphorous, chloride, magnesium, zinc, iodine, copper, cobalt some of the trace minerals. uses and their deficiency diseases and disorders. source of water, execration and water balance water process in life. acid-base balance, osmosis, concept of pH, concept of buffer, concept of electrolytes.
Selenium metabolism and its clinical significancerohini sane
A comprehensive presentation on Selenium metabolism and its clinical significance for MBBS ,BDS ,B.Tech ,B.Pharma and biotechnology students for self-study.
Iron biochemical role, rda and deficiency bic 105JasmineJuliet
Macromineral iron - Introduction, Biochemical role, Recommended dietary Allowance of iron, dietary sources of iron, Deficiency diseases of iron - Hemochromatosis, hemociderosis.
Introduction of Zinc, Zinc Chemistry, Zinc functions, Zinc metabolism , Role in diarrhea , role in wound healing, immunity , hormones , catalytic zinc atom structure zinc atom , zinc enzyme, acrodermatitis enteropathica, toxicity
Minerals are essential for normal growth and maintenance of the body.
Major elements : Requirement >100 mg /day
Trace Elements : Requirement <100mg/day
Some are necessary for the body but their exact functions are not known.
Ex.: Chromium, Nickel, Bromide, Lithium, Barium
Non-Essentials : seen in tissues. Contaminants in food stuffs.
Ex.: Rubedium, Silver, Gold, Bismuth
Toxic : should be avoided.
Ex.: Aluminium, Lead, Cadmium, Mercury
Introduction to calcium
Sources of calcium
Dietary requirement of calcium
Calcium absorption
Biochemical function of calcium
Calcium in blood
Calcium estimation
Factors regulating calcium level in blood
Disease states of calcium
Iron biochemical role, rda and deficiency bic 105JasmineJuliet
Macromineral iron - Introduction, Biochemical role, Recommended dietary Allowance of iron, dietary sources of iron, Deficiency diseases of iron - Hemochromatosis, hemociderosis.
Introduction of Zinc, Zinc Chemistry, Zinc functions, Zinc metabolism , Role in diarrhea , role in wound healing, immunity , hormones , catalytic zinc atom structure zinc atom , zinc enzyme, acrodermatitis enteropathica, toxicity
Minerals are essential for normal growth and maintenance of the body.
Major elements : Requirement >100 mg /day
Trace Elements : Requirement <100mg/day
Some are necessary for the body but their exact functions are not known.
Ex.: Chromium, Nickel, Bromide, Lithium, Barium
Non-Essentials : seen in tissues. Contaminants in food stuffs.
Ex.: Rubedium, Silver, Gold, Bismuth
Toxic : should be avoided.
Ex.: Aluminium, Lead, Cadmium, Mercury
Introduction to calcium
Sources of calcium
Dietary requirement of calcium
Calcium absorption
Biochemical function of calcium
Calcium in blood
Calcium estimation
Factors regulating calcium level in blood
Disease states of calcium
The minerals form only a small portion of the total body weight. They form only 7% of the composition of human body.
Many of these minerals are widely distributed in foods so that a well-balanced diet will supply them in sufficient quantities.
The mineral elements present in the animal body may be classified into 2 groups:
1.Principal elements(macro nutrients)
2.Trace elements(micro nutrients)
Importance of Iron(Fe) mineral to the human body, some symptoms of Iron deficiency, people at risk of iron deficiency, the recommended dietary allowance and some symptoms of Iron toxicity.
our body uses minerals for many different jobs, including keeping our bones, muscles, heart, and brain working properly. Minerals are also important for making enzymes and hormones. There are two kinds of minerals: macrominerals and trace minerals.
At Taste Of Middle East, we believe that food is not just about satisfying hunger, it's about experiencing different cultures and traditions. Our restaurant concept is based on selecting famous dishes from Iran, Turkey, Afghanistan, and other Arabic countries to give our customers an authentic taste of the Middle East
Roti Bank Hyderabad: A Beacon of Hope and NourishmentRoti Bank
One of the top cities of India, Hyderabad is the capital of Telangana and home to some of the biggest companies. But the other aspect of the city is a huge chunk of population that is even deprived of the food and shelter. There are many people in Hyderabad that are not having access to
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In the heart of Singapore, where tradition meets modernity, He embarks on a culinary adventure that transcends borders. His mission? Ang Chong Yi Exploring the Cultural Heritage and Identity in Singaporean Cuisine. To explore the rich tapestry of flavours that define Singaporean cuisine while embracing innovative plant-based approaches. Join us as we follow his footsteps through bustling markets, hidden hawker stalls, and vibrant street corners.
1. Sources, RDA, Biochemical Functions
& Clinical Significance of
MANGANESE, COPPER AND
ZINC
Dr. Muhammad Afzal Alvi
MBBS, M.Phil (Biochemistry)
PhD Scholar
Assistant Professor
3. Conti….
• Iron
• Types of iron in the body
• Significance of iron
• RDA of iron
• Sources of iron
• Storage forms of iron
• Clinical significance if iron
• Iodine
• Importance of iodide
• RDA and sources of iodine
• Clinical significance of iodine
4.
5. Conti….
• Copper
• Biological importance of copper
• Sources of copper
• RDA of cooper
• Clinical significance of copper
• Zinc, biological importance
• Clinical significance
• Manganese , its importance, sources and clinical
significance
7. • Total body copper is about 100 mg.
• It is present in all tissues.
• The highest concentrations are found in liver, kidney,
• Significant amount in cardiac and skeletal muscle & in
bone.
8. Copper Roles in the Body
• Serves as a constituent of several enzymes.
• Involve reactions that consume oxygen or oxygen
radicals
• Copper-containing enzymes catalyze the oxidation
of ferrous iron to ferric iron, which allows iron to
bind to transferrin
9. • Copper- and zinc-containing enzymes participate
in the body’s natural defense against the oxidative
damage of free radicals.
• Copper enzymes help to manufacture collagen,
inactivate histamine, and degrade serotonin.
12. Metabolism
• Absorbed from upper small intestine.
• Absorbed copper is transported to the liver bound
to albumin & exported to peripheral tissues.
13. • Metallothionein is a family of cysteine-rich
transport protein that facilitates copper absorption.
14. DEFICIENCY
Copper deficiency is caused by malnutrition,
malabsorption & nephrotic syndrome (increased loss)
Clinical features:
• Neutropaenia (decreased number of neutrophils)
• Hypochromic anemia in the early stages.
15. • Osteoporosis & various bone & joint abnormalities,
due to impairment in copper-dependent cross-
linking of bone collagen and connective tissue.
• Decreased pigmentation of skin due to depressed
copper dependent tyrosine kinase activity.
18. • Zinc is a versatile trace element
• Required as a cofactor by more than 100 enzymes.
• Virtually all cells contain zinc,
• But the highest concentrations are found in muscle
and bone
19. Zinc Roles in the Body
• Zinc supports the work of numerous proteins in the
body, such as the metalloenzymes.
• Stabilizes cell membranes, helping to strengthen
their defense against free-radical attacks
20. • Participates in the synthesis, storage, and release of
the hormone insulin in the pancreas.
• Zinc interacts with platelets in blood clotting.
21. • Needed to produce the active form of vitamin A
(retinal) in visual pigments and the retinol-binding
protein that transports vitamin A
• It is essential to normal taste perception, wound
healing, sperm production, and fetal development
24. Enteropancreatic Circulation of Zinc
• Some zinc from food is absorbed by the small
intestine and sent to the pancreas to be
incorporated into digestive enzymes that return to
the small intestine.
29. • Zinc deficiency hinders digestion and absorption,
causing diarrhea
• It also impairs the immune response, making
infections likely—among them, GI tract infections
30. • Chronic zinc deficiency damages the central
nervous system
• May lead to poor motor development and cognitive
performance.
• Zinc deficiency directly impairs vitamin a
metabolism, vitamin a–deficiency symptoms often
appear.
31. Toxicity symptoms
• High doses (more than 50 milligrams) of zinc may
cause
• vomiting
• diarrhea
• Headaches
• exhaustion
34. Manganese
• The human body contains a tiny 20 milligrams of
manganese.
• Found in the bones and metabolically active organs
such as the liver, kidneys, and pancreas.
35. Manganese Roles in the Body
• Cofactor for many enzymes
• Facilitate the metabolism of carbohydrate, lipids, and
amino acids.
• Manganese-containing metalloenzymes assist in bone
formation
• The conversion of pyruvate to a TCA cycle compound
39. Manganese Deficiency
• Manganese requirements are low,
• Many plant foods contain significant amounts of
this trace mineral, so deficiencies are rare.
40. Manganese Toxicity
• Toxicity is more likely to occur from an environment
contaminated with manganese than from dietary
intake
