The document provides details about Manchester Town Hall, a 19th century building located in Manchester, England. It was designed by Alfred Waterhouse in 1877 in a Gothic architectural style. The building originally served as the town hall but needed refurbishment due to its expanding use. Waterhouse's design incorporated innovations like heating but used limited decoration due to the polluted environment. Notable features include the clock tower, Great Hall, and sculptural details. Currently, it remains an important landmark in Manchester but is undergoing a restoration project to upgrade facilities while preserving its historic character.
THEORY: Early Renaissance Architecture ArchiEducPH
Theory of Architecture 2 class
Report by: Tapalla & De Leon
Central Colleges of the Philippines
College of Architecture
2nd Semester S.Y. 2015-16
January 2016
John Ruskin- The Seven Lamps of ArchitectureVaibhav Mudgal
From Theory of Architecture the presentation is about the modern philosopher/writer/architect/artist john ruskin and his book seven lamps of architecture
Running Head WHITE HOUSE ARCHITECTURE PAGE 6WHITE HOUSE ARCHI.docxagnesdcarey33086
Running Head: WHITE HOUSE ARCHITECTURE
PAGE 6
WHITE HOUSE ARCHITECTURE
White House Architecture: Washington DC
Dr. Moreno/Modern Art III
November 13, 2014
White House: Washington, D.C
Introduction
White House acts as the official residence of U.S. president. It is found in Pennsylvania Avenue Washington D.C. White House was designed using Neoclassical style by James Hoban from Ireland, and building started from 1792 to 1800. However, the architect Benjamin Henry Latrobe started planning for the outward expansion of the building to create two colonnades after Thomas Jefferson moved-in in 1801. The construction of the executive mansion was approved when Congress established the District of Columbia the capital of the United States in 1790. The architect was chosen through a competition of proposals which was won by James Hoban. Since then, the building has undergone the series of renovations (History of White House, 2012).
Architectural description
George Washington laid the first cornerstone of the building in a cornerstone ceremony in 1792. It is a grand mansion in the Neo-Classical Federal style , with details that echo classical Greek ionic architecture. Scottish masons were brought to DC to do the stone work. . The mansion would be covered in sandstone which created a slight problem. The masons were able to troubleshoot the issue by sealing the porous sandstone with a thick whitewash, this is where the white house first adopted it’s name. This would remain the largest residence in the United states until the 1860’s. The major White House façade which is at the north front consists of eleven bays and three floors. Ground floor is obstructed by parapet and raised carriage. This makes the façade be perceived to have two floors (Timelines-Architecture, 2007).
Figure 1.0: Floor Plan
Behind the prostyle portico are the three central bays added in 1830 circa and it serves as a Porte cochere. The four bays have windows that flank the portico. The first floor consists of alternating segmented and pointed pediments. The second floor has flat pediments. A lunette fanlight surmounts the center of the portico at the principal entrance. The sculpted floral festoon is found above the entrance. A balustrade parapet obstructs the roofline (William, 2008).
The façade at the southern comprises of both the neoclassical and Palladian architectural styles. The Palladian fashion has been used to rusticate the ground floor, while the center façade is designed in neoclassical style that projects a three-bay bow. Five bays flank the bow, with the windows at the north façade consisting of alternating pointed and segmented pediments at the first floor. The bow is made up of the double staircase at the ground floor that leads to the Ionic Colonnaded Logia referred to as the south portico. The second floor of the bow is made up of Truman Balcony. The modernized third floor obstructed by the balustrade parapet and is insignificant a.
THEORY: Early Renaissance Architecture ArchiEducPH
Theory of Architecture 2 class
Report by: Tapalla & De Leon
Central Colleges of the Philippines
College of Architecture
2nd Semester S.Y. 2015-16
January 2016
John Ruskin- The Seven Lamps of ArchitectureVaibhav Mudgal
From Theory of Architecture the presentation is about the modern philosopher/writer/architect/artist john ruskin and his book seven lamps of architecture
Running Head WHITE HOUSE ARCHITECTURE PAGE 6WHITE HOUSE ARCHI.docxagnesdcarey33086
Running Head: WHITE HOUSE ARCHITECTURE
PAGE 6
WHITE HOUSE ARCHITECTURE
White House Architecture: Washington DC
Dr. Moreno/Modern Art III
November 13, 2014
White House: Washington, D.C
Introduction
White House acts as the official residence of U.S. president. It is found in Pennsylvania Avenue Washington D.C. White House was designed using Neoclassical style by James Hoban from Ireland, and building started from 1792 to 1800. However, the architect Benjamin Henry Latrobe started planning for the outward expansion of the building to create two colonnades after Thomas Jefferson moved-in in 1801. The construction of the executive mansion was approved when Congress established the District of Columbia the capital of the United States in 1790. The architect was chosen through a competition of proposals which was won by James Hoban. Since then, the building has undergone the series of renovations (History of White House, 2012).
Architectural description
George Washington laid the first cornerstone of the building in a cornerstone ceremony in 1792. It is a grand mansion in the Neo-Classical Federal style , with details that echo classical Greek ionic architecture. Scottish masons were brought to DC to do the stone work. . The mansion would be covered in sandstone which created a slight problem. The masons were able to troubleshoot the issue by sealing the porous sandstone with a thick whitewash, this is where the white house first adopted it’s name. This would remain the largest residence in the United states until the 1860’s. The major White House façade which is at the north front consists of eleven bays and three floors. Ground floor is obstructed by parapet and raised carriage. This makes the façade be perceived to have two floors (Timelines-Architecture, 2007).
Figure 1.0: Floor Plan
Behind the prostyle portico are the three central bays added in 1830 circa and it serves as a Porte cochere. The four bays have windows that flank the portico. The first floor consists of alternating segmented and pointed pediments. The second floor has flat pediments. A lunette fanlight surmounts the center of the portico at the principal entrance. The sculpted floral festoon is found above the entrance. A balustrade parapet obstructs the roofline (William, 2008).
The façade at the southern comprises of both the neoclassical and Palladian architectural styles. The Palladian fashion has been used to rusticate the ground floor, while the center façade is designed in neoclassical style that projects a three-bay bow. Five bays flank the bow, with the windows at the north façade consisting of alternating pointed and segmented pediments at the first floor. The bow is made up of the double staircase at the ground floor that leads to the Ionic Colonnaded Logia referred to as the south portico. The second floor of the bow is made up of Truman Balcony. The modernized third floor obstructed by the balustrade parapet and is insignificant a.
Herzog & de Meuron Architekten is a Swiss architecture firm, founded and headquartered in Basel, Switzerland in 1978. The careers of founders and senior partners Jacques Herzog (born 1950), and Pierre de Meuron (born 1950), closely paralleled one another, with both attending the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) in Zürich. They are perhaps best known for their conversion of the giant Bankside Power Station in London to the new home of the Tate Museum of Modern Art (2000). Jacques Herzog and Pierre de Meuron have been visiting professors at the Harvard University Graduate School of Design since 1994 and professors at ETH Zürich since 1999.
This slideshow is enhanced content for the Fall 2013 Forum Journal (Study Abroad: Global Perspectives). Article: "New Buildings in Historic Settings: Recent Conservation Experience in England" by Steven W. Semes
To learn more about Preservation Leadership Forum and how you can become a member visit: www.PreservationLeadershipForum.org.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
How to Split Bills in the Odoo 17 POS ModuleCeline George
Bills have a main role in point of sale procedure. It will help to track sales, handling payments and giving receipts to customers. Bill splitting also has an important role in POS. For example, If some friends come together for dinner and if they want to divide the bill then it is possible by POS bill splitting. This slide will show how to split bills in odoo 17 POS.
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonSteve Thomason
What is the purpose of the Sabbath Law in the Torah. It is interesting to compare how the context of the law shifts from Exodus to Deuteronomy. Who gets to rest, and why?
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
How to Create Map Views in the Odoo 17 ERPCeline George
The map views are useful for providing a geographical representation of data. They allow users to visualize and analyze the data in a more intuitive manner.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
2. TABLE OF
CONTENTS
Introduction
The 19th Century
Major styles of the 19th century
Old town hall
Refurbishing the town hall
New town hall
Architectural features
Clock tower
Current use
Current view
The future
3. INTRODUCTION
■ Located in Manchester, England, it serves several purposes to the locals as well as the
government which will be discussed in the coming slides.
■ Designed by aVictorianGothic architect,Alfred Waterhouse, in 1877.
■ We will mainly discuss the architecture of the 19th Century, the need to renovate this
building and its current position in the 21st Century.
4. THE 19TH CENTURY
■ The 19th Century architecture mainly refers to the Greek,
Gothic and Renaissance ages.
■ Also called the ‘Victorian architecture’.
■ Two main features distinguish the architectural style of
that time i.e. the historical styles and development of
new materials and methods.
■ The continuation of earlier styles meant to put together
the past trends and it can be seen in town halls, railway
stations and opera houses.
■ New industrial needs also emerged for buildings
factories, warehouses, etc.
5. MAJOR STYLES OFTHE 19TH CENTURY
Originated in the 12th Century, the Gothic style is
recognized by its pointed or ogival arch. Many
cathedrals were built in this style. Moreover, the use of
stained glass was also started in decoration phase.We
can see pointed arches, rib vaults and towers in many
gothic constructions.
Victorian refers to the reign of queenVictoria, also
known as the ‘Victorian era’ due to the style of
construction used.This style consists of usually
large and vast rooms, use of wood and stone and
textured surfaces.
6. Neoclassical architecture, revival of Classical
architecture during the 18th and early 19th centuries. It is
characterized by grandeur of scale, simplicity of geometric
forms, Greek—especially Doric, dramatic use of columns, and
a preference for blank walls. In the United States
Neoclassicism continued to flourish throughout the 19th
century, as many architects looked to make
the analogy between the young country and imperial Rome
when designing major government buildings.
7. OLDTOWN HALL
■ It was designed by Francis Goodwin in a Grecian Style with a
colonnaded façade.
■ Neo-Classical architecture
■ It was designed in the style of theTemple of Erectheus in
Athens with its dome modelled on the octagonal tower of
Andronicus.
■ At its front were figures representing the commerce and trade
of Manchester
■ Entrance hall have two statues, one of Solon and the other of
Alfred the Great.
■ The ground floor was used mainly by the police.
■ The second floor which became the Library reading room, was
said to be quite an imposing chamber filled with massive
fluted pillars and topped with the central dome.
8. REFURBISHINGTHETOWN HALL
Why Manchester town hall was changed?
■ It was evolved because the neo-classical town hall in King
Street had become too small to house the expanding
business of the corporation
■ The city center site was an irregular triangle, on the east
side of Albert Square. It needed to fit a large hall, a suite of
reception rooms and living quarters for the Lord Mayor.
OLD MAP OFTOWN HALL
9. ■ More-over offices for all the corporation departments and
a chamber for council meetings was needed.
■ The building needed to undergo immediate repairs to
avoid the risk of the building deteriorating further.
Cross section design by
Waterhouse
10. NEWTOWN HALL
Alfred focused on low rib vault ceilings and tall arched
windows.
The building was designed to support the practical
technologies of the 19th century.
It incorporated innovations such as warm-air heating
system, which provided fresh air drawn through
ornamental stone air inlets.
■ Warmed, fresh air was fed into the stairwells and through
hollow shafts within the spiral staircases to ventilate the
corridors.
■ It had gas lighting pipes installed underneath the banister
rails of the spiral staircases/
■ The building structure was made fireproof, using a
combination of concrete and wrought-iron beams.
11. MANCHESTERTOWN HALL
ARCHITECTURAL FEATURES
Waterhouse's design is a Gothic style.
It's regarded as one of the finest examples of Neo-Gothic architecture
It was decided to spent minimal money on the building.
As most of its architectural effect would be lost and ruined by soot and
pollution.
Thus it has limited carved decoration and a uniform color.
The rapid increase in pollution inVictorian cities caused great problems
for architects.
Exterior
Waterhouse avoided using a polychrome scheme as seen in HighVictorianGothic buildings
It was believed to be impractical as Manchester's industrial atmosphere would quickly ruin the
effect and decided a uniform stone exterior was the better solution.
Statues of notable figures in the city's history decorate it’s exterior.
Waterhouse's design proved successful but its exterior was blackened by the late 1890s
12. The stonework was in a suitable condition to be
cleaned and restored to its original appearance in
the late 1960s.
It incorporated innovations such as a warm air
heating system.
Clear glass was used in important rooms, with
light-colored tints for colored glazing.
First floor rooms were made with iron-frames.
Skylights, extra windows and dormers borrowed
lights for interior spaces and glazed white bricks in
conjunction
Statues include:
Over the main door is a statue of the
RomanGeneralAgricola
Above him are Henry III and Elizabeth I,
while at the apex of the main door
gable is a statue of St. George.
13. Interior
Waterhouse's plan for the town hall bridged the gap between office
and ceremonial requirements and maximized space on its triangular
site.
His design for a six-story building filled the asymmetrical site.
Its perimeter is such that a cloister of corridors link offices and
everyday workings.
By the main entrance onAlbert Square are two grand staircases
leading to the landing outside the Great Hall.
The stairs have low risers allowing access for women in
Victorian dress.
The walls of the staircases have tall, arched windows admitting
daylight.
Sculpture Hall:
• The ground-floor Sculpture Hall contains statues and busts of people who
made significant contributions to Manchester hall.
• The room measures 53 feet by 33 feet and has a groin vaulted ceiling,
constructed out of Bath stone.
14. CLOCKTOWER
Clock tower being 280 feet tall is the sixth tallest building in Manchester.
There are 173-step staircase which leads to the bell chamber and the clock.
The minute hand being 10ft-long.
The clock mechanism was made by Gillet and Bland.
In total of 23 bells are hung
Its clock was originally wound using hydraulic power supplied by Manchester Hydraulic
Power.
The clock bell first rang on NewYear's Day 1879, but cracked and was replaced in 1882, and
then the bells were recast in 1937.
As of 2017, Change-Ringing is not currently permitted on the bells, due to the necessity of a
restoration to the building.
Great Hall:
The landing has a glazed skylight on which the names of mayors, lord mayors
and chairs of the council are inscribed on glass panes.
The landing has a mosaic floor with a pattern of bees and cotton flowers.
The rectangular hall measures 100 feet by 50 feet.
Natural light permeates from seven high windows on either side of the hall
from the courtyards outside.
It has a wagon roof its ceiling divided into panels.
15. CURRENT USE
■ Council meetings are no longer regularly held in the
town hall, but in theTown Hall Extension.The hall
now has a number of other uses. It is licensed for
weddings and civil partnerships and is
LOCATION FORTELEVISION & FILM:
As the town hall bears some resemblance to the Palace
ofWestminster, it has been used as a location for
television and films.
16. POLICE STATION:
In 2014, a 24-hour police station reopened in the town hall,
after having been closed in 1937.
ANNOUNCMENTOF RESULTOF REFERENDUM:
On Friday 24 June 2016 the venue was used to announce the
official result of the EU Referendum by the chair of the
Electoral Commission
HALL (Major refurbishment project):
TheTown Hall celebrated its 140th birthday in 2017 and a major
refurbishment project, OurTown Hall, project started in
January 2018.
17. CURRENTVIEW
ManchesterTown Hall in Albert Square is one of the most
iconic landmarks in the city. It is one of the most important
Grade One listed buildings in England.The main tower of
AlfredWaterhouse's ManchesterTown Hall. Built 1868-77,
the town hall faces Manchester'sAlbert Square.
F. A. Bruton wrote that "TheTown Hall is best viewed
when the Square is empty and silent, as, for example, on
Saturday afternoon or Sunday, and it is then that we may
realize what a splendid "ruin" it will make, to excite the
wonder of the South Sea Islander
of the future."
18. THE FUTURE
■ The iconic ManchesterTown Hall closed its doors to the public on 1 January 2018 and will reopen in its
full glory in 2024 after an extensive refurbishment.
■ Purcell has been appointed as the architect for the refurbishment of the Grade I-listed Manchester
Town Hall.The repair and upgrade project will bring the 1877 building, designed by AlfredWaterhouse,
up to ’modern access and safety standards’ and will include the restoration of the Great Hall and its
Ford Madox Brown murals. External repairs include work on the roof, stonework and drains.
■ The need to refurbish the building was to repair defects, renew the building services including replacing
the wiring and plumbing, and add modern facilities like communication links that will make the building
more functional, sustainable and easier to maintain.
19. “Purcell has realized our vision for the project exceptionally well.The creative and
intellectual input is first class, and you respond to the many challenges we throw at
you with good grace and a commitment to always deliver, often to demanding
deadlines.”
PAUL CANDELENT, PROJECT DIRECTOR, MANCHESTER CITY COUNCIL
20. Concluding this topic, the Manchester town hall is one of the
buildings of the 19th century that reflects Gothic andVictorian
architectural styles. Although it is being renovated, it will always
have the aura of historical architectural styles and will continue to
be their great example.