This document defines and describes common types of malware, including adware that displays unwanted advertisements, spyware that secretly monitors user activities, viruses and worms that replicate by modifying other programs, Trojans that allow unauthorized access to infected systems, and ransomware that locks users out of their devices or encrypts files until a ransom is paid. It provides examples and brief explanations of each malware type.

1. MALWARE
Karen O. Jao- Jao

2. MALWARE
• Or malicious software, is any
program or file that is harmful to a
computer user.
• Here are thw most common
offenders in the rogues’ gallery of
malware:

3. Adware
w
Ransomware
Trojan
Spyware
Virus and
Worms

4. 1. ADWARE (Advertising
supported software)
Is unwanted software designed to
throw advertisements up on your
screen.
For example, pop-up ads and banner
ads.

5. 2. SPYWARE
 Is malware that secretly observes the
computer user’s activities without
permission and reports it to the
software’s author.
Example: keylogger

6. 3. VIRUS AND WORMS
 Are malwares that attach to another
program and, when executed-
unintentionally by the user-
replicates itself by modifying other
computer programs and infecting
them with its own bits of code.

7. 4. TROJAN OR TROJAN HORSE
 Is one of the most dangerous
malware types.
 Once it’s on your system, the
attackers behind the Trojan gain
unauthorized access to the affected
computer.

8. 5. RANSOMWARE
 Is a form of malware that locks you
out of your device and/or encrypts
your files, to get them back.