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Magnetic Safety
Electronic inductions
How is the Magnetic Field measured?
• To convert from μT
to mG, multiply by
10.
• To convert from
milliteslas (mT) to
gauss, multiply by 10
What is safe?
• NIOSH and other government agencies do not consider
EMFs a proven health hazard.
• Because some studies have associated high magnetic field
exposures with increased cancer risks, the government
will continue studying EMFs.
• While research continues, concerned workers and
employers might consider simple, inexpensive measures
for reducing EMF exposures.
• Although power frequency magnetic fields have been
classified as a possible human carcinogen (group 2B) by
the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC
2002) and by a National Institute of Environmental Health
Sciences (NIEHS) working group (NIEHS 1998), based on
the evidence of an association with childhood leukemia.
Canada
ICNIRP
(µT)
IEEE
(µT)
ACGIH
(µT)
Workers 1,000 2 710 1,000
Public 200 904 –
Recommended exposure limit
The 60-Hz EMF exposure limits recommended by the ICNIRP, IEEE and ACGIH
are set out in the following Table. The reason why the exposure limits
determined by the three agencies differ from one another, despite the fact
that their basic restrictions are equivalent, is because they used different
models of the human body to calculate their limits.
2. Exposure limits for 60-Hz magnetic fields
Sources:
ICNIRP. Guidelines for limiting exposure to time-varying electric and magnetic fields (1 Hz to 100 kHz) . [PDF]
International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection. 2010.
IEEE. C95.6-2002 IEEE Standard for Safety Levels with Respect to Human Exposure to Electromagnetic Fields 0 to
3 kHz. New York, IEEE, 2002.
ACGIH. TLVs and BEIs. Threshold Limit Values for Chemical Substances and Physical Agents. Biological Exposure
Indices. Cincinnati, American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists. 2003.
FCC safety
• Radiation
Distance is your friend.
• It’s not a linear relationship. Magnetic
fields drop off on a logarithmic scale.
• If you are two feet from the power source,
you would expect it to be a certain amount
and if you’re 20 feet away, it’s going to be
approximately a 100 times reduction in
exposures.
Levels
• 31.869 µT (3.2 × 10−5 T) – strength of Earth's magnetic field at 0° latitude, 0° longitude
• 5 mT – the strength of a typical refrigerator magnet
• 0.3 T – the strength of solar sunspots
• 1.25 T – magnetic flux density at the surface of a neodymium magnet
• 1 T to 2.4 T – coil gap of a typical loudspeaker magnet
• 1.5 T to 3 T – strength of medical magnetic resonance imaging systems in practice, experimentally up to 17 T[12]
• 4 T – strength of the superconducting magnet built around the CMS detector at CERN[13]
• 8 T – the strength of LHC magnets
• 11.75 T – the strength of INUMAC magnets, largest MRI scanner[14]
• 13 T – strength of the superconducting ITER magnet system[15]
• 16 T – magnetic field strength required to levitate a frog[16] (by diamagnetic levitation of the water in its body tissues) according to
the 2000 Ig Nobel Prize in Physics[17]
• 17.6 T – strongest field trapped in a superconductor in a lab as of July 2014[18]
• 27 T – maximal field strengths of superconducting electromagnets at cryogenic temperatures
• 35.4 T – the current (2009) world record for a superconducting electromagnet in a background magnetic field [19]
• 45 T – the current (2015) world record for continuous field magnets [19]
• 100 T – approximate magnetic field strength of a typical White dwarf star
• 108 – 1011 T (100 MT – 100 GT) – magnetic strength range of magnetar neutron stars
Tips
• Ferromagnetic objects are strongly attracted to the
magnet, and can become potentially lethal projectiles
• Metallic implants and prostheses and foreign metallic
bodies (even those which are not ferromagnetic) can
move or dislodge, causing severe injury.
• Persons with pacemakers should be restricted to areas
where the magnetic field is less than 5 Gauss.
• If the magnetic field strength may exceed 3 mT (30 G),
consider use of only nonmagnetic tools.
• Interruption of current in a magnet can cause
uncontrolled release of stored energy. Engineered safety
systems may be necessary to safely dissipate stored
energy.

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Magnetic Safety 2019

  • 3. How is the Magnetic Field measured? • To convert from μT to mG, multiply by 10. • To convert from milliteslas (mT) to gauss, multiply by 10
  • 4. What is safe? • NIOSH and other government agencies do not consider EMFs a proven health hazard. • Because some studies have associated high magnetic field exposures with increased cancer risks, the government will continue studying EMFs. • While research continues, concerned workers and employers might consider simple, inexpensive measures for reducing EMF exposures. • Although power frequency magnetic fields have been classified as a possible human carcinogen (group 2B) by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC 2002) and by a National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) working group (NIEHS 1998), based on the evidence of an association with childhood leukemia.
  • 5. Canada ICNIRP (µT) IEEE (µT) ACGIH (µT) Workers 1,000 2 710 1,000 Public 200 904 – Recommended exposure limit The 60-Hz EMF exposure limits recommended by the ICNIRP, IEEE and ACGIH are set out in the following Table. The reason why the exposure limits determined by the three agencies differ from one another, despite the fact that their basic restrictions are equivalent, is because they used different models of the human body to calculate their limits. 2. Exposure limits for 60-Hz magnetic fields Sources: ICNIRP. Guidelines for limiting exposure to time-varying electric and magnetic fields (1 Hz to 100 kHz) . [PDF] International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection. 2010. IEEE. C95.6-2002 IEEE Standard for Safety Levels with Respect to Human Exposure to Electromagnetic Fields 0 to 3 kHz. New York, IEEE, 2002. ACGIH. TLVs and BEIs. Threshold Limit Values for Chemical Substances and Physical Agents. Biological Exposure Indices. Cincinnati, American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists. 2003.
  • 7. Distance is your friend. • It’s not a linear relationship. Magnetic fields drop off on a logarithmic scale. • If you are two feet from the power source, you would expect it to be a certain amount and if you’re 20 feet away, it’s going to be approximately a 100 times reduction in exposures.
  • 8. Levels • 31.869 µT (3.2 × 10−5 T) – strength of Earth's magnetic field at 0° latitude, 0° longitude • 5 mT – the strength of a typical refrigerator magnet • 0.3 T – the strength of solar sunspots • 1.25 T – magnetic flux density at the surface of a neodymium magnet • 1 T to 2.4 T – coil gap of a typical loudspeaker magnet • 1.5 T to 3 T – strength of medical magnetic resonance imaging systems in practice, experimentally up to 17 T[12] • 4 T – strength of the superconducting magnet built around the CMS detector at CERN[13] • 8 T – the strength of LHC magnets • 11.75 T – the strength of INUMAC magnets, largest MRI scanner[14] • 13 T – strength of the superconducting ITER magnet system[15] • 16 T – magnetic field strength required to levitate a frog[16] (by diamagnetic levitation of the water in its body tissues) according to the 2000 Ig Nobel Prize in Physics[17] • 17.6 T – strongest field trapped in a superconductor in a lab as of July 2014[18] • 27 T – maximal field strengths of superconducting electromagnets at cryogenic temperatures • 35.4 T – the current (2009) world record for a superconducting electromagnet in a background magnetic field [19] • 45 T – the current (2015) world record for continuous field magnets [19] • 100 T – approximate magnetic field strength of a typical White dwarf star • 108 – 1011 T (100 MT – 100 GT) – magnetic strength range of magnetar neutron stars
  • 9. Tips • Ferromagnetic objects are strongly attracted to the magnet, and can become potentially lethal projectiles • Metallic implants and prostheses and foreign metallic bodies (even those which are not ferromagnetic) can move or dislodge, causing severe injury. • Persons with pacemakers should be restricted to areas where the magnetic field is less than 5 Gauss. • If the magnetic field strength may exceed 3 mT (30 G), consider use of only nonmagnetic tools. • Interruption of current in a magnet can cause uncontrolled release of stored energy. Engineered safety systems may be necessary to safely dissipate stored energy.