A universal challenge facing the development of electrochemical materials is our lack of understanding of physical and chemical processes at local length scales in 10-100 nm regime, and acquiring this understanding requires a new generation of imaging techniques that can resolve local chemistry and fast dynamics in electrochemical materials at the time and length scales relevant to strongly coupled reaction and transport phenomena. In this article, we introduce the scanning thermo-ionic microscopy (STIM) technique for probing local electrochemistry at the nanoscale, utilizing Vegard strain induced via thermal stress excitations for imaging. We have implemented this technique using both resistive heating through a microfabricated AFM thermal probe, as well as photo-thermal heating through a 405 nm laser, and have applied it to a variety of electrochemical materials. The dynamics of ionic motion can be captured from point-wise spectroscopy studies, while the spatial inhomogeneity can be revealed by STIM mapping. Since it utilizes thermal stress-induced oscillation as its driving force, the responses are insensitive to the electromechanical, electrostatic, and capacitive effects, and is immune to global current perturbation, making in-operando testing possible. In principle, STIM can provide a powerful tool for probing local electrochemical functionalities at the nanoscale.
Safety risks include translational force and torque, projectile injury, excessive specific absorption rate, burns, peripheral neurostimulation, interactions with active implants and devices, and acoustic injury. Standards for MR imaging device safety terminology were first issued in 2005 and are required by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, with devices labeled as “MR safe,” “MR unsafe,” or “MR conditional.”
MR imaging contrast agent safety is also discussed in this article. Additional technical and safety policies relate to pediatric, unconscious, incapacitated, or pregnant patients and pregnant imaging personnel.
A universal challenge facing the development of electrochemical materials is our lack of understanding of physical and chemical processes at local length scales in 10-100 nm regime, and acquiring this understanding requires a new generation of imaging techniques that can resolve local chemistry and fast dynamics in electrochemical materials at the time and length scales relevant to strongly coupled reaction and transport phenomena. In this article, we introduce the scanning thermo-ionic microscopy (STIM) technique for probing local electrochemistry at the nanoscale, utilizing Vegard strain induced via thermal stress excitations for imaging. We have implemented this technique using both resistive heating through a microfabricated AFM thermal probe, as well as photo-thermal heating through a 405 nm laser, and have applied it to a variety of electrochemical materials. The dynamics of ionic motion can be captured from point-wise spectroscopy studies, while the spatial inhomogeneity can be revealed by STIM mapping. Since it utilizes thermal stress-induced oscillation as its driving force, the responses are insensitive to the electromechanical, electrostatic, and capacitive effects, and is immune to global current perturbation, making in-operando testing possible. In principle, STIM can provide a powerful tool for probing local electrochemical functionalities at the nanoscale.
Safety risks include translational force and torque, projectile injury, excessive specific absorption rate, burns, peripheral neurostimulation, interactions with active implants and devices, and acoustic injury. Standards for MR imaging device safety terminology were first issued in 2005 and are required by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, with devices labeled as “MR safe,” “MR unsafe,” or “MR conditional.”
MR imaging contrast agent safety is also discussed in this article. Additional technical and safety policies relate to pediatric, unconscious, incapacitated, or pregnant patients and pregnant imaging personnel.
Alfa, beta and gamma ray detection research has been done with Geiger Muller
detector which is aimed to know the influence of distance to the radiation intensity and
the influence of barrier thickness to the radiation intensity of radioactive rays. In this
study three radioactive sources of alpha, beta and gamma rays were used. While the type
of barrier used were aluminum, copper and plastic. Based on the results of the research,
it was found that the radiation intensity of radioactive rays was inversely proportional to
the square of the radioactive source distance to the Geiger Muller detector. In addition,
the thicker the barrier through which the radioactive rays are, the smaller the radiation
intensity shown in the digital counter. In this case based on the thickness of the buffer, the
barrier which has the greatest radiation intensity to the smallest are the plastics,
aluminum, and copper. When comparing the intensities of the three radioactive sources,
the greatest penetrating power to the smallest of the three radioactive elements are,
respectively, gamma rays, beta rays and alpha rays.
Remote Sensing is defined as the science and technology by which the characteristics of objects of interest can be identified, measured or analyzed the characteristics without direct contact.
Electro-magnetic radiation which is reflected or emitted from an object is the usual source of remote sensing data. However any media such as gravity or magnetic fields can be utilized in remote sensing
Produces radiation that is referred to as a high-energy x-ray for patients with cancer In 1928, RWideroe demonstrated that electrons could be accelerated through a tube by applying a radio frequency voltage to sections of the tubeThe linear accelerator is an extension of Wideroe’s ideaThe name ‘linear accelerator’ comes from the fact that electrons are produced in the machine and accelerated in a straight line.
Forceps type tool microwave energy in healthcare applicationAbhayPawar15
Advancement of Microwave energy based tool in healthcare clinical purpose. Upgrading the present day sophisticated tools in tumor and cancer curing therapies.
A great concern has been voiced in recent years over the extensive use of energy, the limited supply of resources, and the pollution of the environment from the use of present energy conversion systems. Electrical power accounts for much of the
energy consumed. Much of this power is wasted during transmission from power plant generators to the consumer. The
resistance of the wire used in the electrical grid distribution system causes a loss of 26-30% of the energy generated. This loss implies that our present system of electrical distribution is only 70-74% efficient.
Nikola Tesla is best known for his remarkable statements regarding the wireless transmission of electrical power. His first efforts towards this end started in 1891 and were intended to simply "disturb the electrical equilibrium in the nearby portions of the earth... to bring into operation in any way some instrument." In other words the object of his experiments was simply to produce effects locally and detect them at a distance.
The scope of transmission of energy is now possible, all it needs is implementation. There is a lot of power loss due to wired mechanism. This ppt describes many possible solutions.
Alfa, beta and gamma ray detection research has been done with Geiger Muller
detector which is aimed to know the influence of distance to the radiation intensity and
the influence of barrier thickness to the radiation intensity of radioactive rays. In this
study three radioactive sources of alpha, beta and gamma rays were used. While the type
of barrier used were aluminum, copper and plastic. Based on the results of the research,
it was found that the radiation intensity of radioactive rays was inversely proportional to
the square of the radioactive source distance to the Geiger Muller detector. In addition,
the thicker the barrier through which the radioactive rays are, the smaller the radiation
intensity shown in the digital counter. In this case based on the thickness of the buffer, the
barrier which has the greatest radiation intensity to the smallest are the plastics,
aluminum, and copper. When comparing the intensities of the three radioactive sources,
the greatest penetrating power to the smallest of the three radioactive elements are,
respectively, gamma rays, beta rays and alpha rays.
Remote Sensing is defined as the science and technology by which the characteristics of objects of interest can be identified, measured or analyzed the characteristics without direct contact.
Electro-magnetic radiation which is reflected or emitted from an object is the usual source of remote sensing data. However any media such as gravity or magnetic fields can be utilized in remote sensing
Produces radiation that is referred to as a high-energy x-ray for patients with cancer In 1928, RWideroe demonstrated that electrons could be accelerated through a tube by applying a radio frequency voltage to sections of the tubeThe linear accelerator is an extension of Wideroe’s ideaThe name ‘linear accelerator’ comes from the fact that electrons are produced in the machine and accelerated in a straight line.
Forceps type tool microwave energy in healthcare applicationAbhayPawar15
Advancement of Microwave energy based tool in healthcare clinical purpose. Upgrading the present day sophisticated tools in tumor and cancer curing therapies.
A great concern has been voiced in recent years over the extensive use of energy, the limited supply of resources, and the pollution of the environment from the use of present energy conversion systems. Electrical power accounts for much of the
energy consumed. Much of this power is wasted during transmission from power plant generators to the consumer. The
resistance of the wire used in the electrical grid distribution system causes a loss of 26-30% of the energy generated. This loss implies that our present system of electrical distribution is only 70-74% efficient.
Nikola Tesla is best known for his remarkable statements regarding the wireless transmission of electrical power. His first efforts towards this end started in 1891 and were intended to simply "disturb the electrical equilibrium in the nearby portions of the earth... to bring into operation in any way some instrument." In other words the object of his experiments was simply to produce effects locally and detect them at a distance.
The scope of transmission of energy is now possible, all it needs is implementation. There is a lot of power loss due to wired mechanism. This ppt describes many possible solutions.
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability.
Theoretical work submitted to the Journal should be original in its motivation or modeling structure. Empirical analysis should be based on a theoretical framework and should be capable of replication. It is expected that all materials required for replication (including computer programs and data sets) should be available upon request to the authors.
The peer-reviewed International Journal of Engineering Inventions (IJEI) is started with a mission to encourage contribution to research in Science and Technology. Encourage and motivate researchers in challenging areas of Sciences and Technology.
A brief presentation on the health effects related to Electromagnetic Field Exposure and the assessment of exposure to Electromagnetic Field Radiation in the workplace.
A brief presentation about the properties, health effects and measurement and assessment methods for determining exposure related to Electromagnetic Field Radiation.
Modeling the Dependence of Power Diode on Temperature and RadiationIJPEDS-IAES
A theoretical study had been carried out on the effect of radiation on the
electrical properties of silicon power diodes. Computer program
"PDRAD2015" was developed to solve the diode equations and to
introduce the operating conditions and radiation effects upon its
parameters. Temperature increase interrupts the electrical properties of the
diode in the direction of drop voltage decrease across the p-n junction. The
model was analyzed under the influence of different radiation type (gammarays,
neutrons, protons and electrons) with various dose levels and
energies. The carrier’s diffusion lengths were seriously affected leading
to a large increase in the forward voltage. These effects were found to be
function of radiation type, fluence and energy.
Seminário proferido pelo pesquisador Thiago Burgo (Unicamp) em 26 de agosto de 2015 para cerca de 20 estudantes e professores, na seção UCS (Caxias do Sul, RS) do Instituto Nacional de Engenharia de Superfícies.
Survey of emf emitted by lab equipments in pharmacy labs of southeast univers...eSAT Journals
Abstract The aim of this survey is to investigate whether the Electromagnetic Fields (EMF) emitted by various lab equipments affects the students. There is a standard threshold value recommended by WHO for both electric and magnetic fields. Electro-Magnetic Fields commonly known as Non Ionizing Radiation is emitted from high power transmission lines, computer monitor/video display unit, radio waves of different frequencies (extremely low frequency to microwaves), telecommunication, satellite, radar etc. which causes health hazards to living system and environment. The WHO/ International Agency for Research in Cancer (IARC) has classified radio frequency electromagnetic field as possibly carcinogenic to humans. There has been no such study performed in Bangladesh. The data were collected from various labs of department of pharmacy at Southeast University in Dhaka, Bangladesh. These labs are Pharmaceutical, Cosmetology and Biopharmaceutical Lab, Pharmacology Lab, Organic Pharmacy and Pharmacognosy Lab, Inorganic Pharmacy Lab and Microbiology Research Lab. Both threshold values of Electric and Magnetic fields were measured for various electronic equipments. Also the maximum value of the magnetic field results showed that in many cases the magnetic field radiated from the different sources are greater than the threshold limit which are the main point of our findings. As a result of the long time efforts of world scientist community WHO formed ICNIRP in 1969. Key Words: EMF, NIR, DNA, EMC, AML and ICNIRP
Superconducting magnets on Material ScienceSneheshDutta
Superconducting Magnets application and properties. ppt on Superconducting Magnets. I’ve done a bit of research recently into superconducting magnets and this time the research was jointly funded by the NASA Human Exploration Research Applications Project (HERP) and NASA’s Office of Space Science. This research was initiated at MIT’s Laboratory for Materials and Energy Sciences and involved the use of NASA’s Centaur upper stage for sounding rockets.
Mechanical contractor lockout confined space awareness ppt 2021John Newquist
This month’s powerpoint is a custom one that I did for a large mechanical contractor. They wanted all employees to learn some lockout and confined space. The workers that would enter a confined space or lockout would take a four hour version. Custom training is the growing area of safety. They said the past lockout was only for machines that they would never lockout.
What is the point of small housing associations.pptxPaul Smith
Given the small scale of housing associations and their relative high cost per home what is the point of them and how do we justify their continued existance
Canadian Immigration Tracker March 2024 - Key SlidesAndrew Griffith
Highlights
Permanent Residents decrease along with percentage of TR2PR decline to 52 percent of all Permanent Residents.
March asylum claim data not issued as of May 27 (unusually late). Irregular arrivals remain very small.
Study permit applications experiencing sharp decrease as a result of announced caps over 50 percent compared to February.
Citizenship numbers remain stable.
Slide 3 has the overall numbers and change.
A process server is a authorized person for delivering legal documents, such as summons, complaints, subpoenas, and other court papers, to peoples involved in legal proceedings.
Presentation by Jared Jageler, David Adler, Noelia Duchovny, and Evan Herrnstadt, analysts in CBO’s Microeconomic Studies and Health Analysis Divisions, at the Association of Environmental and Resource Economists Summer Conference.
Jennifer Schaus and Associates hosts a complimentary webinar series on The FAR in 2024. Join the webinars on Wednesdays and Fridays at noon, eastern.
Recordings are on YouTube and the company website.
https://www.youtube.com/@jenniferschaus/videos
Up the Ratios Bylaws - a Comprehensive Process of Our Organizationuptheratios
Up the Ratios is a non-profit organization dedicated to bridging the gap in STEM education for underprivileged students by providing free, high-quality learning opportunities in robotics and other STEM fields. Our mission is to empower the next generation of innovators, thinkers, and problem-solvers by offering a range of educational programs that foster curiosity, creativity, and critical thinking.
At Up the Ratios, we believe that every student, regardless of their socio-economic background, should have access to the tools and knowledge needed to succeed in today's technology-driven world. To achieve this, we host a variety of free classes, workshops, summer camps, and live lectures tailored to students from underserved communities. Our programs are designed to be engaging and hands-on, allowing students to explore the exciting world of robotics and STEM through practical, real-world applications.
Our free classes cover fundamental concepts in robotics, coding, and engineering, providing students with a strong foundation in these critical areas. Through our interactive workshops, students can dive deeper into specific topics, working on projects that challenge them to apply what they've learned and think creatively. Our summer camps offer an immersive experience where students can collaborate on larger projects, develop their teamwork skills, and gain confidence in their abilities.
In addition to our local programs, Up the Ratios is committed to making a global impact. We take donations of new and gently used robotics parts, which we then distribute to students and educational institutions in other countries. These donations help ensure that young learners worldwide have the resources they need to explore and excel in STEM fields. By supporting education in this way, we aim to nurture a global community of future leaders and innovators.
Our live lectures feature guest speakers from various STEM disciplines, including engineers, scientists, and industry professionals who share their knowledge and experiences with our students. These lectures provide valuable insights into potential career paths and inspire students to pursue their passions in STEM.
Up the Ratios relies on the generosity of donors and volunteers to continue our work. Contributions of time, expertise, and financial support are crucial to sustaining our programs and expanding our reach. Whether you're an individual passionate about education, a professional in the STEM field, or a company looking to give back to the community, there are many ways to get involved and make a difference.
We are proud of the positive impact we've had on the lives of countless students, many of whom have gone on to pursue higher education and careers in STEM. By providing these young minds with the tools and opportunities they need to succeed, we are not only changing their futures but also contributing to the advancement of technology and innovation on a broader scale.
Russian anarchist and anti-war movement in the third year of full-scale warAntti Rautiainen
Anarchist group ANA Regensburg hosted my online-presentation on 16th of May 2024, in which I discussed tactics of anti-war activism in Russia, and reasons why the anti-war movement has not been able to make an impact to change the course of events yet. Cases of anarchists repressed for anti-war activities are presented, as well as strategies of support for political prisoners, and modest successes in supporting their struggles.
Thumbnail picture is by MediaZona, you may read their report on anti-war arson attacks in Russia here: https://en.zona.media/article/2022/10/13/burn-map
Links:
Autonomous Action
http://Avtonom.org
Anarchist Black Cross Moscow
http://Avtonom.org/abc
Solidarity Zone
https://t.me/solidarity_zone
Memorial
https://memopzk.org/, https://t.me/pzk_memorial
OVD-Info
https://en.ovdinfo.org/antiwar-ovd-info-guide
RosUznik
https://rosuznik.org/
Uznik Online
http://uznikonline.tilda.ws/
Russian Reader
https://therussianreader.com/
ABC Irkutsk
https://abc38.noblogs.org/
Send mail to prisoners from abroad:
http://Prisonmail.online
YouTube: https://youtu.be/c5nSOdU48O8
Spotify: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/libertarianlifecoach/episodes/Russian-anarchist-and-anti-war-movement-in-the-third-year-of-full-scale-war-e2k8ai4
Understanding the Challenges of Street ChildrenSERUDS INDIA
By raising awareness, providing support, advocating for change, and offering assistance to children in need, individuals can play a crucial role in improving the lives of street children and helping them realize their full potential
Donate Us
https://serudsindia.org/how-individuals-can-support-street-children-in-india/
#donatefororphan, #donateforhomelesschildren, #childeducation, #ngochildeducation, #donateforeducation, #donationforchildeducation, #sponsorforpoorchild, #sponsororphanage #sponsororphanchild, #donation, #education, #charity, #educationforchild, #seruds, #kurnool, #joyhome
3. How is the Magnetic Field measured?
• To convert from μT
to mG, multiply by
10.
• To convert from
milliteslas (mT) to
gauss, multiply by 10
4. What is safe?
• NIOSH and other government agencies do not consider
EMFs a proven health hazard.
• Because some studies have associated high magnetic field
exposures with increased cancer risks, the government
will continue studying EMFs.
• While research continues, concerned workers and
employers might consider simple, inexpensive measures
for reducing EMF exposures.
• Although power frequency magnetic fields have been
classified as a possible human carcinogen (group 2B) by
the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC
2002) and by a National Institute of Environmental Health
Sciences (NIEHS) working group (NIEHS 1998), based on
the evidence of an association with childhood leukemia.
5. Canada
ICNIRP
(µT)
IEEE
(µT)
ACGIH
(µT)
Workers 1,000 2 710 1,000
Public 200 904 –
Recommended exposure limit
The 60-Hz EMF exposure limits recommended by the ICNIRP, IEEE and ACGIH
are set out in the following Table. The reason why the exposure limits
determined by the three agencies differ from one another, despite the fact
that their basic restrictions are equivalent, is because they used different
models of the human body to calculate their limits.
2. Exposure limits for 60-Hz magnetic fields
Sources:
ICNIRP. Guidelines for limiting exposure to time-varying electric and magnetic fields (1 Hz to 100 kHz) . [PDF]
International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection. 2010.
IEEE. C95.6-2002 IEEE Standard for Safety Levels with Respect to Human Exposure to Electromagnetic Fields 0 to
3 kHz. New York, IEEE, 2002.
ACGIH. TLVs and BEIs. Threshold Limit Values for Chemical Substances and Physical Agents. Biological Exposure
Indices. Cincinnati, American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists. 2003.
7. Distance is your friend.
• It’s not a linear relationship. Magnetic
fields drop off on a logarithmic scale.
• If you are two feet from the power source,
you would expect it to be a certain amount
and if you’re 20 feet away, it’s going to be
approximately a 100 times reduction in
exposures.
8. Levels
• 31.869 µT (3.2 × 10−5 T) – strength of Earth's magnetic field at 0° latitude, 0° longitude
• 5 mT – the strength of a typical refrigerator magnet
• 0.3 T – the strength of solar sunspots
• 1.25 T – magnetic flux density at the surface of a neodymium magnet
• 1 T to 2.4 T – coil gap of a typical loudspeaker magnet
• 1.5 T to 3 T – strength of medical magnetic resonance imaging systems in practice, experimentally up to 17 T[12]
• 4 T – strength of the superconducting magnet built around the CMS detector at CERN[13]
• 8 T – the strength of LHC magnets
• 11.75 T – the strength of INUMAC magnets, largest MRI scanner[14]
• 13 T – strength of the superconducting ITER magnet system[15]
• 16 T – magnetic field strength required to levitate a frog[16] (by diamagnetic levitation of the water in its body tissues) according to
the 2000 Ig Nobel Prize in Physics[17]
• 17.6 T – strongest field trapped in a superconductor in a lab as of July 2014[18]
• 27 T – maximal field strengths of superconducting electromagnets at cryogenic temperatures
• 35.4 T – the current (2009) world record for a superconducting electromagnet in a background magnetic field [19]
• 45 T – the current (2015) world record for continuous field magnets [19]
• 100 T – approximate magnetic field strength of a typical White dwarf star
• 108 – 1011 T (100 MT – 100 GT) – magnetic strength range of magnetar neutron stars
9. Tips
• Ferromagnetic objects are strongly attracted to the
magnet, and can become potentially lethal projectiles
• Metallic implants and prostheses and foreign metallic
bodies (even those which are not ferromagnetic) can
move or dislodge, causing severe injury.
• Persons with pacemakers should be restricted to areas
where the magnetic field is less than 5 Gauss.
• If the magnetic field strength may exceed 3 mT (30 G),
consider use of only nonmagnetic tools.
• Interruption of current in a magnet can cause
uncontrolled release of stored energy. Engineered safety
systems may be necessary to safely dissipate stored
energy.