LoRa and LoRaWAN are low-power wide-area network technologies developed by the LoRa Alliance to enable Internet of Things wireless connectivity over long ranges. The LoRa Alliance aims to standardize low-power wide-area networks using the LoRa physical layer and LoRaWAN protocol. LoRaWAN defines the communication protocol and system architecture for networks using the long-range LoRa modulation. It is well-suited for applications requiring low data rates over long battery life, such as sensors in smart cities, agriculture and utilities.

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2. Prepared By-
Sohan Bappy
IUBAT
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3. -Wide Area Network for IoT
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4. LoRa and LoRa alliance
LPWAN
LoRa WAN
End Devices Class
Security
Advantages
Disadvantages
Conclusion
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6. -LoRa® is the physical layer or the wireless
modulation utilized to create the long range
communication link
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8. • The LoRa™ Alliance is an open, nonprofit association
of members
• Founded in March ,2015
•Founding members of the LoRa Alliance include IBM,
Micro Chip , Cisco, Semtech, Singtel etc.
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9. •Over 100 Countries
•57 Announced Public Network Operators
•49 Alliance Member Operators
•350+ on going trials city deployments
•500+ Members in the Alliance
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11. •Mission: to standardize Low Power Wide Area
Networks (LPWAN)
• Alliance members will collaborate to drive the
global success of the LoRaWAN™ protocol
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LPWAN

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14.  Bidirectional
 Simple Star Network Topology
 Low data rate
 Low cost
 Long battery life
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16. • Network architecture
• Communication range
• Battery lifetime or low power
• Robustness to interference
• Network capacity (maximum number of nodes in
a network)
• Network security
• One-way vs two-way communication
• Variety of applications served
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17. LoRaWAN™ defines the communication protocol
and system architecture for the network while the
LoRa® physical layer enables the long-range
communication link.
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18. Ideal for
• Internet of Things (IoT)
• Machine-to-Machine (M2M)
• Industrial Automation
• Low Power Applications
• Battery Operated Sensors
•Smart City
• Smart Meter
• Smart Agriculture
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24. -A(all)- Battery powered sensors, or actuators with
no latency constraint. Most energy efficient
communication class. Downlink TX can only happen
after uplink.
-B(beacon)- Battery powered actuators Device opens
receive window at scheduled slots.
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25. -C(continuous)- Mains powered actuators Devices
which can afford to listen continuously. No latency
for downlink communication.
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26. • Per-device AppKey, NwkKey (AES128)
• Mutual end-point authentication via Join Procedure
[AES-CMAC, RFC 4493]
• Data origin authentication, integrity protection, replay
protection
• Encryption of MAC commands (over-the-air), app
payloads (end-to-end) [IEEE 802.15.4/2006 Annex B
(CCM*)]
• Key hierarchy with root and session keys, session
rekeying
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27. ➨It uses 868 MHz/ 915 MHz ISM bands which is
available world wide.
➨It has very wide coverage range about 5 km in
urban areas and 15 km in sub-urban areas.
➨It consumes less power and hence battery will last
for longer duration.
➨Single LoRa Gateway device is designed to take
care of 1000s of end devices or nodes.
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28. ➨It is easy to deploy due to its simple architecture as
shown in the figure-1.
➨It uses Adaptive Data Rate technique to vary output
data rate/Rf output of end devices. This helps in
maximizing battery life as well as overall capacity of
the LoRaWAN network. The data rate can be varied
from 0.3 kbps to 27 Kbps for 125 KHz bandwidth.
➨It is widely used for M2M/IoT applications.
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29. ➨It can be used for applications requiring low data
rate i.e. upto about 27 Kbps.
➨It is not ideal candidate to be used for real time
applications requiring lower latency and bounded
jitter requirements.
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30. ➨LoRaWAN network size is limited based on
parameter called as duty cycle. It is defined as
percentage of time during which the channel can be
occupied. This parameter arises from the regulation as
key limiting factor for traffic served in the LoRaWAN
network.
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31. LoRa Alliance believe that the Internet of Things era is
now! And members are collaborating together and sharing
experience to drive the success of the LoRa protocol,
LoRaWAN™ through the whole world.
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