Presentation made by Alireza Ghods and given by Dr. Stefano Severi at CCP Workshop co-located with IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Conference, 19th June 2016 Gothenburg (Sweden)
The document discusses options for prototyping new physical layers for telecommunication systems using digital signal processing. It focuses on using DSP processors and FPGAs, as ASICs are not available. Examples are provided of prototypes that maximize the capabilities of available hardware. Specifically, a DSP processor was chosen as the platform for developing a discrete multi-tone transceiver, and FPGAs were used for real-time transmitter processing through techniques like parallel fractional sampling rate conversion. The document concludes that "platform FPGAs" have been important for research due to price and reconfigurability, though skilled developers are needed to explore parallelism for high bit rate implementations.
Plan_design and FPGA implement of MIMO OFDM SDM systemsTan Vo
The document describes the design and FPGA implementation of MIMO OFDM SDM systems for high speed data transmission. It discusses using MIMO and OFDM techniques together to provide increased transmission speed and spectrum efficiency. The author presents their own design of MIMO OFDM SDM systems in Matlab and implementation on an FPGA development kit. They evaluate the bit error rate performance and resource usage of their design. The document includes sections on related work, the proposed project plan and timeline, and conclusions from their implementation results.
This document summarizes Marco Bosco's PhD thesis on the design and implementation of software solutions for satellite ground segments, with a focus on the European Student Earth Orbiter (ESEO) mission. It discusses the development of software for ESEO's ground station network and mission control system, including a software-defined radio based ground station. It also summarizes some general software solutions developed for the EUMETSAT ground station network, including tools for analysis, scheduling, and monitoring and control.
- The document discusses evolving legacy multi-vendor GFP encapsulated Gigabit Ethernet services delivered over SDH links to dynamic Ethernet lightpaths across an optical private line network. This would allow services to meet growing performance demands with smaller margins.
- It proposes transparency through OTN encapsulation, end-to-end performance monitoring via MEF 2.0 SOAM, and scaling capacity/reach through OTUk interfaces between network operators.
- Initial solutions involve GFP encapsulation over STM-64 links but scaling could use redeployed ROADMs and evolving to dynamic lightpaths treated as virtual paths within an optical core network.
Energy Efficient GPS Acquisition with Sparse-GPSPrasant Misra
Following rising demands in positioning with GPS, low-cost receivers are becoming widely available; but their energy demands are still too high. For energy efficient GPS sensing in delay-tolerant applications, the possibility of offloading a few milliseconds of raw signal samples and leveraging the greater processing power of the cloud for obtaining a position fix is being actively investigated.
In an attempt to reduce the energy cost of this data offloading operation, we propose Sparse-GPS: a new computing framework for GPS acquisition via sparse approximation.
Within the framework, GPS signals can be efficiently compressed by random ensembles. The sparse acquisition information, pertaining to the visible satellites that are embedded within these limited measurements, can subsequently be recovered by our proposed representation dictionary.
By extensive empirical evaluations, we demonstrate the acquisition quality and energy gains of Sparse-GPS. We show that it is twice as energy efficient than offloading uncompressed data, and has 5-10 times lower energy costs than standalone GPS; with a median positioning accuracy of 40 m.
The document discusses options for prototyping new physical layers for telecommunication systems using digital signal processing. It focuses on using DSP processors and FPGAs, as ASICs are not available. Examples are provided of prototypes that maximize the capabilities of available hardware. Specifically, a DSP processor was chosen as the platform for developing a discrete multi-tone transceiver, and FPGAs were used for real-time transmitter processing through techniques like parallel fractional sampling rate conversion. The document concludes that "platform FPGAs" have been important for research due to price and reconfigurability, though skilled developers are needed to explore parallelism for high bit rate implementations.
Plan_design and FPGA implement of MIMO OFDM SDM systemsTan Vo
The document describes the design and FPGA implementation of MIMO OFDM SDM systems for high speed data transmission. It discusses using MIMO and OFDM techniques together to provide increased transmission speed and spectrum efficiency. The author presents their own design of MIMO OFDM SDM systems in Matlab and implementation on an FPGA development kit. They evaluate the bit error rate performance and resource usage of their design. The document includes sections on related work, the proposed project plan and timeline, and conclusions from their implementation results.
This document summarizes Marco Bosco's PhD thesis on the design and implementation of software solutions for satellite ground segments, with a focus on the European Student Earth Orbiter (ESEO) mission. It discusses the development of software for ESEO's ground station network and mission control system, including a software-defined radio based ground station. It also summarizes some general software solutions developed for the EUMETSAT ground station network, including tools for analysis, scheduling, and monitoring and control.
- The document discusses evolving legacy multi-vendor GFP encapsulated Gigabit Ethernet services delivered over SDH links to dynamic Ethernet lightpaths across an optical private line network. This would allow services to meet growing performance demands with smaller margins.
- It proposes transparency through OTN encapsulation, end-to-end performance monitoring via MEF 2.0 SOAM, and scaling capacity/reach through OTUk interfaces between network operators.
- Initial solutions involve GFP encapsulation over STM-64 links but scaling could use redeployed ROADMs and evolving to dynamic lightpaths treated as virtual paths within an optical core network.
Energy Efficient GPS Acquisition with Sparse-GPSPrasant Misra
Following rising demands in positioning with GPS, low-cost receivers are becoming widely available; but their energy demands are still too high. For energy efficient GPS sensing in delay-tolerant applications, the possibility of offloading a few milliseconds of raw signal samples and leveraging the greater processing power of the cloud for obtaining a position fix is being actively investigated.
In an attempt to reduce the energy cost of this data offloading operation, we propose Sparse-GPS: a new computing framework for GPS acquisition via sparse approximation.
Within the framework, GPS signals can be efficiently compressed by random ensembles. The sparse acquisition information, pertaining to the visible satellites that are embedded within these limited measurements, can subsequently be recovered by our proposed representation dictionary.
By extensive empirical evaluations, we demonstrate the acquisition quality and energy gains of Sparse-GPS. We show that it is twice as energy efficient than offloading uncompressed data, and has 5-10 times lower energy costs than standalone GPS; with a median positioning accuracy of 40 m.
The document summarizes a conference on WDM and next-generation optical networking. It discusses several field trials of 100G transmission conducted by telecommunications companies and network equipment vendors. Most vendors converged on using PDM-QPSK modulation with coherent detection, though some proposed alternatives like OFDM. There is a push to deploy 100G networks due to bandwidth demand growth, but challenges around economies of scale remain.
Parallel Interference Cancellation in beyond 3G multi-user and multi-antenna ...David Sabater Dinter
In the present thesis, the concept for beyond 3G mobile radio systems is described. A service area concept is introduced in order to combat the performance limiting interferences present in the cellular mobile communication systems, with each service area consisting of a various simultaneously active mobile terminals, a number of fixed access points and a central unit per- forming signal processing. About uplink transmission, the main characteristic of this service area system is that with the aid of joint detection of the transmit signals from the mobile ter- minals performed at uplink transmission, all interferences between the simultaneously active mobile terminals using the same bandwidth is drastically reduced. Moreover the use of OFDM subcarrierwise in the described service area based system allows for intersymbol interference free communication and for simple equalization in the frequency domain.
Through this subcarrierwise equalization the service area based system is equivalent with a number of smaller parallel systems, a fact that affects in a reduced computational complexity in the case of optimum multiuser operating with the maximum likehood principle and subop- timum linear detector zero-forcing. In this thesis the parallel interference cancellation detector is introduced, according to which the multi access interference is iteratively reconstructed and subtracted from the received signal. Parallel interference cancellation detector is compared in terms of performance with suboptimum linear detector, due to the reduced computational com- plexity.
Using standardized COST 207 channel models, the performance of parallel interference can- cellation detector compared with suboptimum linear detector has been investigated for a frozen channel, with the same snapshot using the same parameters of the channel, as well as for a number of system loads. A fact that can be observed in simulations results is that parallel in- terference cancellation detectors could achieve the same performance with a reduction of the complexity as suboptimum linear detector zero-forcing in the case of no estimate refinement and with estimate refinement by hard quantization depending on the load system. With esti- mate refinement by soft quantization the performance of the parallel interference cancellation detector is improved, having better performance than zero-forcing detector in cases with nor- mal load. Moreover with the improvement raised in this thesis, in this normal system load, the performance is more improved. On the other hand in the case of full load system, the PIC detector can not substract all the multi access interference producing error flow, this thing is not too important taking in account that the fully loaded system case should not be never present.
Presentation of the paper "AN IMPLEMENTATION OF SOFTWARE DEFINED RADIOS FOR FEDERATED AEROSPACE NETWORKS" at the 8th International Workshop on Satellite Constellations and Formation Flying, 8 - 10 June, TUD, Delft
This document discusses the synergy between circuit switching and packet switching technologies in telecommunications networks. It covers: 1) The shift in the telecom market to more packet switching; 2) Trends in switching technologies showing increasing speeds; 3) Advantages of circuit switching for network-on-chip applications; 4) The US Department of Defense transitioning some networks to packet switching while maintaining circuit switching for classified networks; and 5) Lessons for the Russian telecom company Rostelecom regarding their network architecture choices. The conclusion is that circuit switching and packet switching will likely coexist for the foreseeable future, with each having advantages depending on the specific network application and requirements.
This document summarizes a presentation on fibre spectrum sharing for research and development networks. It discusses using single fibres bidirectionally to save costs, deploying reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexers to transmit 100G over these links. It also covers using spectrum to support real-time applications and distribute precise time and frequency over fibre, as well as expanding capacity through new transmission technologies in the L-band and beyond.
2012 july mil soft_ie_capabilities__iic_solutions-general-engmilsoftSDC
The document discusses MilSOFT's capabilities in network centric imagery intelligence and unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) systems. It describes several of MilSOFT's projects involving Turkish UAV programs, including the TIES and RVT systems used in Phase 1 and the GCSMS used in Phase 2. It also outlines MilSOFT's general image processing capabilities and its GOKHAN image exploitation and target analysis system. Finally, it discusses MilSOFT's net centric air intelligence solutions and the operational advantages they provide at all levels through a centralized infrastructure.
This document summarizes a simulation of HAPS (high-altitude platform station) systems performance at 28 GHz using LDPC coding and M-APSK modulation over a Ka band channel model. A digital coded transmission scheme for HAPS in the Ka band is proposed and its performance is evaluated via simulation. The simulation considers a time series generator to model short-term rain fading and frequency scaling to adapt attenuation measurements from 40 GHz to 28 GHz. The simulation results show that the best performing system is LDPC coding with a rate of 1/3, 16-APSK modulation, a codeword length of 16,200 bits, and 50 iterations for decoding over the rainy channel model.
Beamforming for Multiuser Massive MIMO Systems: Digital versus Hybrid Analog-...T. E. BOGALE
The document compares digital and hybrid analog-digital beamforming for multiuser massive MIMO systems. It describes the system model and problem formulation. Digital beamforming requires many RF chains and ADCs which is expensive for massive MIMO. Hybrid beamforming uses limited RF chains by employing analog beamforming at the transmitter with phase shifters. The document proposes a hybrid beamforming algorithm that minimizes the mean square error between the estimated signals of digital and hybrid beamforming. Simulation results show the proposed hybrid approach achieves similar performance as digital beamforming using fewer RF chains and phase shifters. It concludes hybrid beamforming provides significant savings in hardware complexity over digital beamforming for multiuser massive MIMO systems.
This document discusses carrier frequency offset (CFO) in OFDM systems. It begins with an introduction to OFDM and the issues caused by timing offset and CFO. It then describes CFO in more detail, distinguishing between integer and fractional CFO. Methods for CFO estimation are presented, including pilot-based and non-pilot based approaches. Fast acquisition methods for initial CFO estimation are covered, along with references.
Coherent Optical Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (CO-OFDM )BhaSkar Nath
Principle of orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM)
Optical transmitter for CO-OFDM
Optical spectral efficiency for CO-OFDM
Channel model for CO-OFDM
The channel model describes the behavior of communications systems, thus fundamentally determining the performance of the systems
Technologies for future mobile transport networksITU
This presentation presents several technologies for future mobile transport networks using the seamless convergence of fiber and wireless access networks. We first present a flexible and efficient mobile fronthaul system for ultra-dense small cells using a convergence of fiber and millimeter-wave systems. We then present a simple and low cost optical system for simultaneous transmission of multiple heterogeneous wireless signals, such as multi-RATs, operators, mobile signals and fronthaul/backhaul signals, using subcarrier multiplexing intermediate frequency over fiber system and efficient data mapping and de-mapping algorithms. Finally, we present an efficient solution to provide high-speed communications to high-speed trains using a seamless convergence of wavelength-division multiplexing radio-over-fiber and linearly located linear cell systems.
Author : Pham Tien Dat, NICT Japan
Presented at ITU-T Focus Group IMT-2020 Workshop and Demo Day, 7 December 2016.
More details on the event : http://www.itu.int/en/ITU-T/Workshops-and-Seminars/201612/Pages/Programme.aspx
Digital Implementation of Costas Loop with Carrier RecoveryIJERD Editor
Demodulator circuit is a basic building block of wireless communication. Digital implementation of
demodulator is attracting more attention for the significant advantages of digital systems than analog systems.
The carrier signal extraction is the main problem in synchronous demodulation in design of demodulator based
on Software Defined Radio. When transmitter or receiver in motion, it is difficult for demodulator to generate
carrier signal same in frequency and phase as transmitter carrier signal due to Doppler shift and Doppler rate.
Here the digital implementation of Costas loop for QPSK demodulation in continuous mode is discussed with
carrier recovery using phase locked loop.
CommTech Talks: Elastic Optical Devices for Software Defined Optical NetworksAntonio Capone
Elastic optical networks allow network capacity to be increased at lower cost by adapting to traffic variations. Coherent optical technology enables flexible modulation formats and bandwidth usage. Elastic networks can dynamically adjust bandwidth, bit rate, and modulation based on connection properties and network conditions. This provides increased sharing of network resources and cost savings versus legacy fixed-grid networks. However, elastic network design and management poses challenges around impairment-aware routing and spectrum allocation.
White Paper: Evolving Technolgies for Mobile Front and BackhaulingSusmita Adhikari Joshi
While fibers are mostly being deployed in the backhaul networks, a new approach of building flexible mobile networks is being pushed forward where fiber is also used from the base station to the antenna, which is called fronthaul.
Troubleshooting Coherent Optical Communication SystemsCPqD
1) The document discusses troubleshooting of coherent optical communication systems. It covers topics such as market trends driving higher data rates, challenges in coherent measurements, and typical tests and impairments in coherent transmission systems.
2) The document outlines techniques used to maximize transmission capacity within the physical layer, including higher order modulation formats, time-domain pulse shaping, and polarization division multiplexing. It also discusses requirements for test instruments to test these advanced modulation schemes.
3) The presentation provides an overview of using arbitrary waveform generators to emulate optical distortions in the electrical domain, allowing for deterministic and precise testing with complex impairments like phase noise and polarization mode dispersion.
Dynamic Beamforming Optimization for Anti-Jamming and Hardware Fault RecoveryJonathan Becker
In recent years there has been a rapid increase in the number of wireless devices for both commercial and defense applications. Such unprecedented demand has increased device cost and complexity and also added a strain on the spectrum utilization of wireless communication systems. This thesis addresses these issues, from an antenna system perspective, by developing new techniques to dynamically optimize adaptive beamforming arrays for improved anti-jamming and reliability.
Available frequency spectrum is a scarce resource, and therefore increased interference will occur as the wireless spectrum saturates. To mitigate unintentional interference, or intentional interference from a jamming source, antenna arrays are used to focus electromagnetic energy on a signal of interest while simultaneously minimizing radio frequency energy in directions of interfering signals. The reliability of such arrays, especially in commercial satellite and defense applications, can be addressed by hardware redundancy, but at the expense of increased volume, mass as well as component and design cost.
This thesis proposes the development of new models and optimization algorithms to dynamically adapt beamforming arrays to mitigate interference and increase hardware reliability. The contributions of this research are as follows. First, analytical models are developed and experimental results show that small antenna arrays can thwart interference using dynamically applied stochastic algorithms. This type of in-situ optimization, with an algorithm dynamically optimizing a beamformer to thwart interference sources with unknown positions, inside of a anechoic chamber has not been done before to our knowledge. Second, it is shown that these algorithms can recover from hardware failures and localized faults in the array. Experiments were performed with a proof-of-concept four-antenna array. This is the first hardware demonstration showing an antenna array with live hardware fault recovery that is adapted by stochastic algorithms in an anechoic chamber. We also compare multiple stochastic algorithms in performing both anti-jamming and hardware fault recovery. Third, we show that stochastic algorithms can be used to continuously track and mitigate interfering signals that continuously move in an additive white Gaussian noise wireless channel.
3GPP RAN plenary meeting #84 in Newport Beach, US, in June 2019, discussed the content of 5G New Radio (5G-NR) Release 17 standardization. One of the defined key areas for 5G enhancements for 5G enhancements is NR Broadcast / Multicast (BC/MC). Important use cases for this technology are NR Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X), NR Public Safety and NR Non-Terrestrial Networks (NTN). This white paper proposes a mechanism of link adaptation in coordination with higher layer Error Correction. A detailed description and system-level simulation-based evaluation of the proposed scheme is provided in this White Paper.
This paper studies the frequency synthesis for precision time protocol clock generation
circuit, and more particularly focused on a multi-rate phase locked loop structure for generating an
output signal at a desired frequency with reduced jitter towards the magnitude of femtosecond.
How do we prepare for the next 40 years? Do we need to worry about this now? What do we know about the timeline? We will explore what we know now and what we need to consider going forward. Presented at the 2017 D-STOP Symposium.
This document discusses V2X technology and its potential applications in the UAE to help reduce traffic accidents and congestion. It provides an overview of V2X deployments in Japan, Europe, and the US. For the UAE, it proposes using V2X to address the top causes of accidents by enabling features like lane change assistance, warning of insufficient vehicle spacing, and alerting drivers entering roads without checking for oncoming traffic. Implementing V2X in the UAE could save $2 billion annually and support the goal of zero traffic fatalities by 2020. Key challenges include allocating spectrum, gaining support from stakeholders, and potential collaboration under a GCC-wide V2X framework.
The document summarizes a conference on WDM and next-generation optical networking. It discusses several field trials of 100G transmission conducted by telecommunications companies and network equipment vendors. Most vendors converged on using PDM-QPSK modulation with coherent detection, though some proposed alternatives like OFDM. There is a push to deploy 100G networks due to bandwidth demand growth, but challenges around economies of scale remain.
Parallel Interference Cancellation in beyond 3G multi-user and multi-antenna ...David Sabater Dinter
In the present thesis, the concept for beyond 3G mobile radio systems is described. A service area concept is introduced in order to combat the performance limiting interferences present in the cellular mobile communication systems, with each service area consisting of a various simultaneously active mobile terminals, a number of fixed access points and a central unit per- forming signal processing. About uplink transmission, the main characteristic of this service area system is that with the aid of joint detection of the transmit signals from the mobile ter- minals performed at uplink transmission, all interferences between the simultaneously active mobile terminals using the same bandwidth is drastically reduced. Moreover the use of OFDM subcarrierwise in the described service area based system allows for intersymbol interference free communication and for simple equalization in the frequency domain.
Through this subcarrierwise equalization the service area based system is equivalent with a number of smaller parallel systems, a fact that affects in a reduced computational complexity in the case of optimum multiuser operating with the maximum likehood principle and subop- timum linear detector zero-forcing. In this thesis the parallel interference cancellation detector is introduced, according to which the multi access interference is iteratively reconstructed and subtracted from the received signal. Parallel interference cancellation detector is compared in terms of performance with suboptimum linear detector, due to the reduced computational com- plexity.
Using standardized COST 207 channel models, the performance of parallel interference can- cellation detector compared with suboptimum linear detector has been investigated for a frozen channel, with the same snapshot using the same parameters of the channel, as well as for a number of system loads. A fact that can be observed in simulations results is that parallel in- terference cancellation detectors could achieve the same performance with a reduction of the complexity as suboptimum linear detector zero-forcing in the case of no estimate refinement and with estimate refinement by hard quantization depending on the load system. With esti- mate refinement by soft quantization the performance of the parallel interference cancellation detector is improved, having better performance than zero-forcing detector in cases with nor- mal load. Moreover with the improvement raised in this thesis, in this normal system load, the performance is more improved. On the other hand in the case of full load system, the PIC detector can not substract all the multi access interference producing error flow, this thing is not too important taking in account that the fully loaded system case should not be never present.
Presentation of the paper "AN IMPLEMENTATION OF SOFTWARE DEFINED RADIOS FOR FEDERATED AEROSPACE NETWORKS" at the 8th International Workshop on Satellite Constellations and Formation Flying, 8 - 10 June, TUD, Delft
This document discusses the synergy between circuit switching and packet switching technologies in telecommunications networks. It covers: 1) The shift in the telecom market to more packet switching; 2) Trends in switching technologies showing increasing speeds; 3) Advantages of circuit switching for network-on-chip applications; 4) The US Department of Defense transitioning some networks to packet switching while maintaining circuit switching for classified networks; and 5) Lessons for the Russian telecom company Rostelecom regarding their network architecture choices. The conclusion is that circuit switching and packet switching will likely coexist for the foreseeable future, with each having advantages depending on the specific network application and requirements.
This document summarizes a presentation on fibre spectrum sharing for research and development networks. It discusses using single fibres bidirectionally to save costs, deploying reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexers to transmit 100G over these links. It also covers using spectrum to support real-time applications and distribute precise time and frequency over fibre, as well as expanding capacity through new transmission technologies in the L-band and beyond.
2012 july mil soft_ie_capabilities__iic_solutions-general-engmilsoftSDC
The document discusses MilSOFT's capabilities in network centric imagery intelligence and unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) systems. It describes several of MilSOFT's projects involving Turkish UAV programs, including the TIES and RVT systems used in Phase 1 and the GCSMS used in Phase 2. It also outlines MilSOFT's general image processing capabilities and its GOKHAN image exploitation and target analysis system. Finally, it discusses MilSOFT's net centric air intelligence solutions and the operational advantages they provide at all levels through a centralized infrastructure.
This document summarizes a simulation of HAPS (high-altitude platform station) systems performance at 28 GHz using LDPC coding and M-APSK modulation over a Ka band channel model. A digital coded transmission scheme for HAPS in the Ka band is proposed and its performance is evaluated via simulation. The simulation considers a time series generator to model short-term rain fading and frequency scaling to adapt attenuation measurements from 40 GHz to 28 GHz. The simulation results show that the best performing system is LDPC coding with a rate of 1/3, 16-APSK modulation, a codeword length of 16,200 bits, and 50 iterations for decoding over the rainy channel model.
Beamforming for Multiuser Massive MIMO Systems: Digital versus Hybrid Analog-...T. E. BOGALE
The document compares digital and hybrid analog-digital beamforming for multiuser massive MIMO systems. It describes the system model and problem formulation. Digital beamforming requires many RF chains and ADCs which is expensive for massive MIMO. Hybrid beamforming uses limited RF chains by employing analog beamforming at the transmitter with phase shifters. The document proposes a hybrid beamforming algorithm that minimizes the mean square error between the estimated signals of digital and hybrid beamforming. Simulation results show the proposed hybrid approach achieves similar performance as digital beamforming using fewer RF chains and phase shifters. It concludes hybrid beamforming provides significant savings in hardware complexity over digital beamforming for multiuser massive MIMO systems.
This document discusses carrier frequency offset (CFO) in OFDM systems. It begins with an introduction to OFDM and the issues caused by timing offset and CFO. It then describes CFO in more detail, distinguishing between integer and fractional CFO. Methods for CFO estimation are presented, including pilot-based and non-pilot based approaches. Fast acquisition methods for initial CFO estimation are covered, along with references.
Coherent Optical Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (CO-OFDM )BhaSkar Nath
Principle of orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM)
Optical transmitter for CO-OFDM
Optical spectral efficiency for CO-OFDM
Channel model for CO-OFDM
The channel model describes the behavior of communications systems, thus fundamentally determining the performance of the systems
Technologies for future mobile transport networksITU
This presentation presents several technologies for future mobile transport networks using the seamless convergence of fiber and wireless access networks. We first present a flexible and efficient mobile fronthaul system for ultra-dense small cells using a convergence of fiber and millimeter-wave systems. We then present a simple and low cost optical system for simultaneous transmission of multiple heterogeneous wireless signals, such as multi-RATs, operators, mobile signals and fronthaul/backhaul signals, using subcarrier multiplexing intermediate frequency over fiber system and efficient data mapping and de-mapping algorithms. Finally, we present an efficient solution to provide high-speed communications to high-speed trains using a seamless convergence of wavelength-division multiplexing radio-over-fiber and linearly located linear cell systems.
Author : Pham Tien Dat, NICT Japan
Presented at ITU-T Focus Group IMT-2020 Workshop and Demo Day, 7 December 2016.
More details on the event : http://www.itu.int/en/ITU-T/Workshops-and-Seminars/201612/Pages/Programme.aspx
Digital Implementation of Costas Loop with Carrier RecoveryIJERD Editor
Demodulator circuit is a basic building block of wireless communication. Digital implementation of
demodulator is attracting more attention for the significant advantages of digital systems than analog systems.
The carrier signal extraction is the main problem in synchronous demodulation in design of demodulator based
on Software Defined Radio. When transmitter or receiver in motion, it is difficult for demodulator to generate
carrier signal same in frequency and phase as transmitter carrier signal due to Doppler shift and Doppler rate.
Here the digital implementation of Costas loop for QPSK demodulation in continuous mode is discussed with
carrier recovery using phase locked loop.
CommTech Talks: Elastic Optical Devices for Software Defined Optical NetworksAntonio Capone
Elastic optical networks allow network capacity to be increased at lower cost by adapting to traffic variations. Coherent optical technology enables flexible modulation formats and bandwidth usage. Elastic networks can dynamically adjust bandwidth, bit rate, and modulation based on connection properties and network conditions. This provides increased sharing of network resources and cost savings versus legacy fixed-grid networks. However, elastic network design and management poses challenges around impairment-aware routing and spectrum allocation.
White Paper: Evolving Technolgies for Mobile Front and BackhaulingSusmita Adhikari Joshi
While fibers are mostly being deployed in the backhaul networks, a new approach of building flexible mobile networks is being pushed forward where fiber is also used from the base station to the antenna, which is called fronthaul.
Troubleshooting Coherent Optical Communication SystemsCPqD
1) The document discusses troubleshooting of coherent optical communication systems. It covers topics such as market trends driving higher data rates, challenges in coherent measurements, and typical tests and impairments in coherent transmission systems.
2) The document outlines techniques used to maximize transmission capacity within the physical layer, including higher order modulation formats, time-domain pulse shaping, and polarization division multiplexing. It also discusses requirements for test instruments to test these advanced modulation schemes.
3) The presentation provides an overview of using arbitrary waveform generators to emulate optical distortions in the electrical domain, allowing for deterministic and precise testing with complex impairments like phase noise and polarization mode dispersion.
Dynamic Beamforming Optimization for Anti-Jamming and Hardware Fault RecoveryJonathan Becker
In recent years there has been a rapid increase in the number of wireless devices for both commercial and defense applications. Such unprecedented demand has increased device cost and complexity and also added a strain on the spectrum utilization of wireless communication systems. This thesis addresses these issues, from an antenna system perspective, by developing new techniques to dynamically optimize adaptive beamforming arrays for improved anti-jamming and reliability.
Available frequency spectrum is a scarce resource, and therefore increased interference will occur as the wireless spectrum saturates. To mitigate unintentional interference, or intentional interference from a jamming source, antenna arrays are used to focus electromagnetic energy on a signal of interest while simultaneously minimizing radio frequency energy in directions of interfering signals. The reliability of such arrays, especially in commercial satellite and defense applications, can be addressed by hardware redundancy, but at the expense of increased volume, mass as well as component and design cost.
This thesis proposes the development of new models and optimization algorithms to dynamically adapt beamforming arrays to mitigate interference and increase hardware reliability. The contributions of this research are as follows. First, analytical models are developed and experimental results show that small antenna arrays can thwart interference using dynamically applied stochastic algorithms. This type of in-situ optimization, with an algorithm dynamically optimizing a beamformer to thwart interference sources with unknown positions, inside of a anechoic chamber has not been done before to our knowledge. Second, it is shown that these algorithms can recover from hardware failures and localized faults in the array. Experiments were performed with a proof-of-concept four-antenna array. This is the first hardware demonstration showing an antenna array with live hardware fault recovery that is adapted by stochastic algorithms in an anechoic chamber. We also compare multiple stochastic algorithms in performing both anti-jamming and hardware fault recovery. Third, we show that stochastic algorithms can be used to continuously track and mitigate interfering signals that continuously move in an additive white Gaussian noise wireless channel.
3GPP RAN plenary meeting #84 in Newport Beach, US, in June 2019, discussed the content of 5G New Radio (5G-NR) Release 17 standardization. One of the defined key areas for 5G enhancements for 5G enhancements is NR Broadcast / Multicast (BC/MC). Important use cases for this technology are NR Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X), NR Public Safety and NR Non-Terrestrial Networks (NTN). This white paper proposes a mechanism of link adaptation in coordination with higher layer Error Correction. A detailed description and system-level simulation-based evaluation of the proposed scheme is provided in this White Paper.
This paper studies the frequency synthesis for precision time protocol clock generation
circuit, and more particularly focused on a multi-rate phase locked loop structure for generating an
output signal at a desired frequency with reduced jitter towards the magnitude of femtosecond.
How do we prepare for the next 40 years? Do we need to worry about this now? What do we know about the timeline? We will explore what we know now and what we need to consider going forward. Presented at the 2017 D-STOP Symposium.
This document discusses V2X technology and its potential applications in the UAE to help reduce traffic accidents and congestion. It provides an overview of V2X deployments in Japan, Europe, and the US. For the UAE, it proposes using V2X to address the top causes of accidents by enabling features like lane change assistance, warning of insufficient vehicle spacing, and alerting drivers entering roads without checking for oncoming traffic. Implementing V2X in the UAE could save $2 billion annually and support the goal of zero traffic fatalities by 2020. Key challenges include allocating spectrum, gaining support from stakeholders, and potential collaboration under a GCC-wide V2X framework.
CommTech Talks: Vehicle-to-Vehicle Communications in LTE and beyondAntonio Capone
This document discusses vehicle-to-vehicle communications and intelligent transportation systems. It covers topics like using LTE technology for connected vehicles, cooperative intelligent transportation systems using vehicle-to-everything communications, and standards being developed by groups like 3GPP, ETSI, and IEEE. Examples of potential services are discussed, like safety notifications, traffic management, and automated or connected driving features. Key challenges are ensuring reliable direct communication between vehicles regardless of network coverage.
A presentation given at the 2016 Traffic Safety Conference during Closing Session: Technologies Enhancing Transportation Safety. By Roger Berg, Vice President, North America Research and Development, Denso International America, Inc.
Here’s a technology overview of the V2X, GPS/GPSS. This slide-deck covers the limitations GPS/GPSS has and some of the unique challenges you may encounter with the V2X. After that, we will conclude with some V2X design options, considerations, and vulnerabilities.
2015 D-STOP Symposium session by Samsung Research America's Thomas Novlan. Watch the presentation at http://youtu.be/cO6qCwhVz8A?t=17m57s
Get symposium details: http://ctr.utexas.edu/research/d-stop/education/annual-symposium/
Does the TxDOT Engineering Assistant Career Development Program Really Make a Difference? / Randy Machemehl and Kelly Selman. Presented at the 2016 CTR Symposium: http://ctr.utexas.edu/ctr-symp/
QLogic announces two new InfiniBand solutions for Dell PowerEdge blade servers: 1) The QLogic 12005-PT16 QDR Pass-Through Module, which provides a dedicated 40Gb/sec QDR IB interface for Dell blade servers while taking up only a single chassis slot, and 2) The QME7342 dual-port 40Gbps QDR IB expansion card. These solutions allow Dell customers to build higher performance IB clusters with lower power consumption and added configuration flexibility compared to Mellanox's solutions. QLogic is positioned to increase its market share with Dell customers using PowerEdge servers for HPC applications.
The document describes DriveAssist, a driver assistance system for Android that uses vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communications. It provides an overview of the motivation and state of art for V2X communications and smartphone integration in vehicles. The system architecture and key functionality of DriveAssist are presented, including receiving safety messages from other vehicles and infrastructure and generating warnings to drivers. Live demos of warning scenarios are shown and future work plans to evaluate the system and improve the user interface are discussed.
How do we prepare for the next 40 years? Do we need to worry about this now? What do we know about the timeline? We will explore what we know now and what we need to consider going forward. Presented at the 2017 D-STOP Symposium.
3GPP TR 22.885 study on LTE support for V2X servicesYi-Hsueh Tsai
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- Vehicle to Vehicle (V2V) Communications
- Vehicle to Infrastructure (V2I) Communications
- Vehicle to Pedestrian (V2P) Communications
The pace of LTE network deployment is accelerating all over the world, which enables more and more advanced services and Internet applications making use of the inherent benefits of LTE such as higher data rate, lower latency and enhanced coverage, etc. Widely deployed LTE based infrastructure provides the opportunity for the vehicle industry to realize the concept of ‘connected car’. By providing a vehicle access into the LTE network infrastructure, a vehicle can be connected to the Internet and other vehicles so that a broad range of existing or new services can be envisaged for the vehicle industry and the mobile industry as well.
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Connected cars - Internet of Things Mumbai (IoTMUM)Sachin Pukale
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The CEVA-XC12 is purpose-built from the ground up to solve the most critical challenges of efficiently implementing 5G, LTE-A Pro, MU-MIMO Wi-Fi and other multi-gigabit modems.
What role will data play in connected and autonomous vehicles? What data sources are available to us? What are other entities doing with data? We will explore what other jurisdictions are doing and take time to focus on efforts in Texas to gather an analyze data for operational and planning efficiencies. Presented at the 2017 D-STOP Symposium.
How do we address the key challenges of IoMT? Where does computing take place? Where do we place the sensors? This presentation explores those issues. Presented at the 2017 D-STOP Symposium.
BEB801 Thesis final presentation Marc Miskan7553625
V2X technology allows vehicles to communicate with each other (V2V), road infrastructure (V2I), and pedestrians (V2P) to improve traffic flow, safety, and fuel efficiency. While this could help address Brisbane's traffic congestion issues, V2X has not been widely adopted due to lack of international standardization, high market penetration needs, and technological/privacy limitations. The document discusses current V2X implementations and limitations, and recommends Australia follow international standards and engage in harmonization efforts to support future V2X adoption.
Interactive Editing of Signed Distance FieldsMatthias Trapp
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For the full video of this presentation, please visit: https://www.edge-ai-vision.com/2023/07/how-transformers-are-changing-the-nature-of-deep-learning-models-a-presentation-from-synopsys/
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The neural network models used in embedded real-time applications are evolving quickly. Transformer networks are a deep learning approach that has become dominant for natural language processing and other time-dependent, series data applications. Now, transformer-based deep learning network architectures are also being applied to vision applications with state-of-the-art results compared to CNN-based solutions.
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FSO: Efficient Connectivity Solution for Campus Area NetworkLaraib Khan
This project proposes using a free space optics (FSO) system as an efficient connectivity solution for the campus area network of the University of Sindh. The document compares FSO to fiber optic networks and finds that FSO has lower installation costs and time while providing high bandwidth connectivity. Simulations show that FSO links can achieve data rates similar to fiber optics over distances up to 2km before signal degradation becomes an issue. Cost estimates indicate that an FSO system would cost approximately 70% less than a comparable fiber optic network for the University of Sindh campus. The project aims to increase awareness of FSO as a feasible alternative to fiber optics for shorter-distance, high-speed data communication in Pakistan.
In recent years, we are witnessing a growing interest in large-scale situated systems, such as those falling under the umbrella of pervasive computing, cyber-physical systems, and the Internet of Things. The actor model is a natural choice for designing and implementing such systems, thanks to the ability of actors to address distribution, autonomy of control, and asynchronous communication: namely, it is convenient to view the pervasive cyberspace as an environment densely inhabited by mobile embedded actors. But how can an actor-centric development approach be fruitfully used to engineer a complex coordination strategy, where a myriad of devices/actors performs adaptive distributed sensing/processing/acting?
Aggregate computing has been proposed as an emerging paradigm that faces this general problem by adopting a global, system-level stance, allowing to specify and functionally compose collective behaviours by operating on diffused data structures, known as “computational fields”. In this paper, we develop on the idea of integrating the actor model and aggregate computing, presenting a software framework where declarative global-level system specifications are automatically turned into an underlying system of Scala/Akka actors carrying on computation over the pervasive computing system.
A Framework to Specify and Verify Computational Fields for Pervasive Computin...Danilo Pianini
Pervasive context-aware computing networks call for designing algorithms for information propagation and reconfiguration that promote self-adaptation, namely, which can guarantee – at least to a probabilistic extent – certain reliability and robustness properties in spite of unpredicted changes and conditions. The possibility of formally analyzing their properties is obviously an essential engineering requirement, calling for general-purpose models and tools. As proposed in recent works, several such algorithms can be modeled by the notion of computational field: a dynamically evolving spatial data structure mapping every node of the network to a data value. Based on this idea, as a contribution toward formally verifying properties of pervasive computing systems, in this article we propose a specification language to model computational fields, and a framework based on PRISM stochastic model checker explicitly targeted at supporting temporal property verification. By a number of pervasive computing examples, we show that the proposed approach can be effectively used for quantitative analysis of systems running on networks composed of hundreds of nodes.
IRJET- Synchronization Scheme of MIMO-OFDM using Monte Carlo MethodIRJET Journal
This document proposes a synchronization scheme for MIMO-OFDM using the Monte Carlo method. It involves using an iterative turbo receiver with two levels - a soft-input soft-output SSMC detector followed by a soft channel decoder. The detector and decoder exchange information iteratively to reduce the bit error rate. Simulation results show that the proposed Monte Carlo simulation method decreases error rate as the number of transmitters and receivers increases. Bit error rate and mean squared error rate are compared for different signal-to-noise ratios to demonstrate the performance of the system.
The insatiable desire for more capacity and faster datarate arising from the explosion in bandwidth-intense applications necessitates deployment of higher capacity WDM systems in both inside datacenter and metro datacenter interconnects systems. This demand for higher datarates is reflected by the numerous standardization and study groups commenced in the last couple of years. While the standardization scrutinizes the requirements for smooth migration for a datacenter interconnect with distances of upto 40km, the upgrade to high capacity DC metro access networks (beyond 40km), where no standardization exists, needs to address the economic viability together with greater space, power and bandwidth efficiency requirements. This presentation focuses on both of these areas and elucidates the current trends and evolving technologies to deal with the dynamically shifting landscape of DCI.
Channel state information estimation for reconfigurable intelligent surfaces ...IJECEIAES
This document summarizes a research paper that proposes a new method for channel state information (CSI) estimation in reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) systems. The proposed method estimates the angle of arrival (AoA) and path loss at the RIS using multiple signal classification (MUSIC) algorithm analysis of the received signal covariance matrix. Rather than sending the full CSI matrix, the RIS then sends only the estimated AoA and path loss parameters to the base station. Simulations show the proposed method accurately estimates AoA and achieves higher spectral efficiency compared to traditional full CSI estimation methods, by reducing the channel training overhead.
This document summarizes a method for quantifying plant and city CO2 fluxes from XCO2 imagery using Gaussian plume modeling. It presents a full processing approach including: 1) modeling single/multiple point sources and extended sources with Gaussian plumes, 2) using an optimal estimation method to retrieve plume parameters and flux, 3) incorporating effective wind speed from ancillary data for emission estimates. The method is validated using synthetic XCO2 images generated from model simulations for various sites. Preliminary results show the Gaussian model can accurately characterize realistic plumes and the method can quantify CO2 emissions to within 10-30% for different instrument configurations and noise levels.
This document summarizes a presentation on atmospheric effects on terrestrial free-space optical links. The presentation includes an introduction to free-space optical communication technology, a literature review on challenges such as fog attenuation, a problem statement on simulating fog attenuation models, results of simulating the Kim, Kruse, and Al-Naboulsi fog attenuation models at 550nm and 1550nm wavelengths, and conclusions that the Kim model provides better results at 1550nm and that further work is needed to model atmospheric channels and optimize free-space optical links.
Circuit emulation in optical domains can be implemented by scheduling sessions on lightpaths. This is traditionally an NP-hard problem similar to OSPF: optimize the lightpath assignment to map n sessions onto m paths in discrete time. This paper proposes a distributed method based on the City Traffic model -- a model that takes after roads (car) traffic in cities. The key point is sensing where each session is started proactively in a completely distributed fashion.
The document proposes radio over fiber (RoF) architectures for 5G networks. It discusses the motivation for RoF technology to provide wired-like connectivity with high mobility. Various RoF architectures are designed, including single-link direct modulation, single-link external modulation, and a two-channel network using frequency division multiplexing. Different modulation schemes at the RF stage like PSK and FSK are also analyzed. The conclusion discusses how the proposed RoF architectures can support high data rates for 5G and techniques to reduce interference noise and improve signal-to-noise ratio.
Framework for Delivering IPTV Services over Satellite NetworksAJAL A J
Framework for Delivering IPTV Services over
Satellite Networks
Home Network
Access Network (AN)
IP based Core Network (IPCN)
Video Head End (VHE)
Satellite Link
This document discusses using GIS mapping software to conduct feasibility studies for municipal broadband networks. It allows planning optimal fiber routes while estimating construction costs. Key benefits of this approach include using aerial imagery to assess underground constructability and plan aerial routes. Field data collection and permit applications can then be automated. This reduces engineering time and costs compared to traditional design methods.
Realization of Direct Digital Synthesis in Cordic AlgorithmIJASRD Journal
Nowadays the modern communication system and software defined radio-based applications needs Trans receiver consisting of fully programmable circuit which performs modulation and demodulation process. The method which does not need memory for realizing modulators and demodulators is CORDIC algorithm. The CORDIC algorithm is a versatile algorithm which calculates only adder and shifter operations instead of using multiplier. So, this algorithm is mostly used for VLSI and digital signal processing. The main concept used in this project is Direct Digital Synthesis (DDS) which generates the analog waveform in digital format based on CORDIC algorithm approach .This paper focuses on analysis and simulation of Binary phase shift keying (BPSK), Binary amplitude shift keying (BASK), Binary frequency shift keying (BFSK), Quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) modulation scheme using DDS based on CORDIC algorithm instead of ROM look up table which greatly reduce the number of slices and no of look up tables. The whole simulation is done on Modelsim and Xilinx-ISE using Verilog descriptive language and these modulation schemes are implemented on Spartan-3 FPGA kit.
This document discusses energy efficient routing protocols for wireless sensor networks. It introduces wireless sensor networks and outlines some of their design challenges, including energy conservation. It then discusses routing protocols like flooding and gossiping, explaining how gossiping is more energy efficient by avoiding flooding's implosion problem. It also introduces the Tossim simulator and nesC programming language. Performance analysis is presented comparing the energy consumption of flooding and gossiping routing protocols, concluding that gossiping is more energy efficient. Future work to address gossiping's latency problem is also mentioned.
5G promises to change the way we live our lives, with unprecedented services and unparalleled user experience. Operators need to build an underlying connectivity infrastructure that is capable of delivering on demands like ultra-low latency and hyper-flexible bandwidth. This webinar will focus on the most critical aspects of the 5G transport network and discuss what is required in terms of slicing, edge computing and the need for openness and interworking. Addressing each of these aspects properly will enable operators to offer state of the art 5G services that will be the foundation of what some people believe will become the 4th industrial revolution.
Topics of discussion:
What factors and demands will influence the infrastructure design?
The impact of 5G on connectivity infrastructure and network requirements
The optional technological solutions and preferred solutions
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Localization in V2X Communication Networks
1. Localization in V2X Communication
Networks
Alireza Ghods, Stefano Severi, Giuseppe Abreu
s.severi@jacobs-university.de
School of Engineering & Science - Jacobs University Bremen (GERMANY)
June 19, 2016
6. Typical Dense
Urban
Environment
Cooperative
Network
Localization
Model and Notation
Ranging Model
FIM Formulation
Anchor Uncertainty
Results
Model and Some Notation
A network of with N vehicles in η-dimensional space
[θ1, . . . , θnT
, anT+1 , . . . , aN ]
dij θi − θj = θi − θj, θi − θj
First nT vehicles (targets) have unknown positions
K = N − nT of the remaining vehicles (anchors) in the
periphery have estimated positions (subject to errors)
Anchor location errors described by covariance matrix Σk
CCP Workshop 2016 Localization in V2X Communication Networks June 19, 2016 6/21
7. Typical Dense
Urban
Environment
Cooperative
Network
Localization
Model and Notation
Ranging Model
FIM Formulation
Anchor Uncertainty
Results
Ranging Model
For each j-th hop:
˜dj ∼ (dj, σ2
j )
σ2
j σ2
0 ·
dj
d0
α
where α ≥ 0 is pathloss factor and σ2
0 is the ranging
variance at a reference distance d0.
For a complete multihop path:
¯dk
nk
˜dj,
¯σ2
k
nk
σ2
j .
where nk is number of hops
CCP Workshop 2016 Localization in V2X Communication Networks June 19, 2016 7/21
8. Typical Dense
Urban
Environment
Cooperative
Network
Localization
Model and Notation
Ranging Model
FIM Formulation
Anchor Uncertainty
Results
Fundamental Error Limit
The FIM and the MSE
The covariance matrix associated with the location
estimate of a single target ˆθ is
Ωθ E (ˆθ − θ)(ˆθ − θ)T
The Cramér-Rao lower bound (CRLB) relates Ωθ to the
Fisher Information Matrix
Ωθ F−1
θ
Fθ ∝ N( ¯dk, σk)
Anchor uncertainty not considered!
CCP Workshop 2016 Localization in V2X Communication Networks June 19, 2016 8/21
9. Typical Dense
Urban
Environment
Cooperative
Network
Localization
Model and Notation
Ranging Model
FIM Formulation
Anchor Uncertainty
Results
Constructing the FIM
Standard: element-wise derivative of log-likelihood function
Alternative: sum of products of information vectors
Fθ =
k∈K
ukuT
k
where k is the anchor’s index and the information vector
is
uk =
∂ ak − θ
∂θ
Fk =
1
¯dk
[(xak
− xθ), (yak
− yθ)]T
Fk
Fk =
1
¯σ2
k
1 +
α2 σ2
0
2 dα
0
( ak − θ )α−2
in which Fk is the information intensity
CCP Workshop 2016 Localization in V2X Communication Networks June 19, 2016 9/21
10. Typical Dense
Urban
Environment
Cooperative
Network
Localization
Model and Notation
Ranging Model
FIM Formulation
Anchor Uncertainty
Results
FIM with Anchor Uncertainty
Augmented Parameter Vector
Augmented parameter vector θ
Θ = θT
, aT
1, aT
2, · · · , aT
K
T
Hence
ΩΘ E ( ˆΘ − Θ)( ˆΘ − Θ)T
ΩΘ F−1
Θ
CCP Workshop 2016 Localization in V2X Communication Networks June 19, 2016 10/21
11. Typical Dense
Urban
Environment
Cooperative
Network
Localization
Model and Notation
Ranging Model
FIM Formulation
Anchor Uncertainty
Results
FIM with Anchor Uncertainty
Augmented Information Vectors
The FIM of Θ can be approximated by (Bayesian rule)
FΘ ≈ FM + FΣ,
where FM accounts for the multi hop ranging, while FΣ
accounts for anchor uncertainty
The approximation holds whenever θ − ak tr(Σk), ∀ k
The extended information vector is then
vk
∂ ak − θ
∂Θ
=
1
√
Fk
uT
k, 01×η·(k−1), −uT
k, 01×η·(K−k)
T
CCP Workshop 2016 Localization in V2X Communication Networks June 19, 2016 11/21
12. Typical Dense
Urban
Environment
Cooperative
Network
Localization
Model and Notation
Ranging Model
FIM Formulation
Anchor Uncertainty
Results
Decomposing the Augmented FIM
The Multihop Component
The multi hop component of FΘ becomes
FM =
K
k=1
vkvT
k =
A BT
B C
,
where
A
K
k=1
ukuT
k
BT
−u1uT
1, · · · , −uKuT
K
C diag u1uT
1, · · · , uKuT
K
CCP Workshop 2016 Localization in V2X Communication Networks June 19, 2016 12/21
13. Typical Dense
Urban
Environment
Cooperative
Network
Localization
Model and Notation
Ranging Model
FIM Formulation
Anchor Uncertainty
Results
Decomposing the Augmented FIM
Adding the Anchor Uncertainty Component
The anchor uncertainty component FΘ is
FΣ
0η×η 0η×ηK
0Kη×η Σ−1
where Σ diag (Σ1, · · · , ΣK).
Finally
FΘ ≈
A BT
B C + Σ−1 ,
CCP Workshop 2016 Localization in V2X Communication Networks June 19, 2016 13/21
14. Typical Dense
Urban
Environment
Cooperative
Network
Localization
Model and Notation
Ranging Model
FIM Formulation
Anchor Uncertainty
Results
Relevant Minor: Schur Complement
Taking η × η Schur complement of FΘ
F∗
θ = A − BT
Σ−1
+ C
−1
B,
=
K
k=1
ukuT
k −
K
k=1
ukuT
k Σ−1
k + ukuT
k
−1
ukuT
k,
=
K
k=1
uk 1 − uT
k Σ−1
k + ukuT
k
−1
uk uT
k,
=
K
k=1
uk 1 − uT
k Σk −
ΣkukuT
kΣk
1 + uT
kΣkuk
uk uT
k,
=
K
k=1
uk 1 − uT
kΣkuk +
uT
kΣkukuT
kΣkuk
1 + uT
kΣkuk
uT
k,
where we used the Sherman-Morrison formula
CCP Workshop 2016 Localization in V2X Communication Networks June 19, 2016 14/21
15. Typical Dense
Urban
Environment
Cooperative
Network
Localization
Model and Notation
Ranging Model
FIM Formulation
Anchor Uncertainty
Results
Relevant Minor: Schur Complement
Simplifying further...
F∗
θ =
K
k=1
uk 1 − uT
kΣkuk +
uT
kΣkukuT
kΣkuk
1 + uT
kΣkuk
uT
k,
=
K
k=1
uk 1 − νk +
ν2
k
1 + νk
uT
k,
=
K
k=1
1
1 + νk
ukuT
k,
where νk uT
kΣkuk
Anchor uncertainty appears as a
reduction of information intensity
CCP Workshop 2016 Localization in V2X Communication Networks June 19, 2016 15/21
16. Typical Dense
Urban
Environment
Cooperative
Network
Localization
Model and Notation
Ranging Model
FIM Formulation
Anchor Uncertainty
Results
Some Results ...
One-dimensional and two-dimensional scenarios
considered
Road: 500 meters long, 10 wide
Only vehicles at borders can self-localize via GPS
Neighborhood set: dij ≤ 70 meters
How well GPS location estimates propagate through the
network
CCP Workshop 2016 Localization in V2X Communication Networks June 19, 2016 16/21
17. Typical Dense
Urban
Environment
Cooperative
Network
Localization
Model and Notation
Ranging Model
FIM Formulation
Anchor Uncertainty
Results
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
Monodimensional Scenario
Performance for different GPS errors, SNR = 5dB
ErrorStandarDeviationε
Road Length [m]
GPS Σ = 0.9
GPS Σ = 0.5
No GPS Error
Anchor Vehicles
Selected Targets
CCP Workshop 2016 Localization in V2X Communication Networks June 19, 2016 17/21
18. Typical Dense
Urban
Environment
Cooperative
Network
Localization
Model and Notation
Ranging Model
FIM Formulation
Anchor Uncertainty
Results
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
Monodimensional Scenario
Performance for different SNR
ErrorStandarDeviationε
Road Length [m]
SNR = 0 dB
SNR = 5 dB
SNR = 10 dB
Anchor Vehicles
Selected Targets
CCP Workshop 2016 Localization in V2X Communication Networks June 19, 2016 18/21
19. Typical Dense
Urban
Environment
Cooperative
Network
Localization
Model and Notation
Ranging Model
FIM Formulation
Anchor Uncertainty
Results
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Bidimensional Scenario
Error Bounds on x-Dimension for Selected Targets with SNR = 5 dB
RoadWidth[m]
Road Length [m]
Anchors Vehicles
Target Vehicles
CCP Workshop 2016 Localization in V2X Communication Networks June 19, 2016 19/21
20. Typical Dense
Urban
Environment
Cooperative
Network
Localization
Model and Notation
Ranging Model
FIM Formulation
Anchor Uncertainty
Results
Why the Huge Errors in Y-Axis
In 2D the covariance matrix is
Ω∗
θ =
σ2
x σxy
σxy σ2
y
From that, error ellipsis with diameters
λx
1
2
σ2
x + σ2
y − (σ2
x − σ2
y )2 + 4σ2
xy
λy
1
2
σ2
x + σ2
y + (σ2
x − σ2
y )2 + 4σ2
xy
A numerical example:
θ =
464.0172
7.1399
Xa =
0 500.0000
2.5000 2.5000
F =
1.1425 0.0010
0.0010 0.0021
Ω =
0.8757 −0.4230
−0.4230 479.9479
CCP Workshop 2016 Localization in V2X Communication Networks June 19, 2016 20/21