Emerging Networking Technologies for Industrial Applications: Note that it is "NOT" an exhaustive survey on this topic.

1. Emerging Networking Technologies
for Industrial Applications
Dr. Prasant Misra
W: https://sites.google.com/site/prasantmisra
Disclaimer:
The opinions expressed in this presentation and on the following slides are solely those
of the presenter and not necessarily those of the organization that he works for.

2. Standards (“wired”)

FOUNDATION Fieldbus H1 (Fieldbus foundation)

CAN (Robert Bosch GmbH)

vehicle bus standard

Modbus (Schneider Elelectric)

PROFIBUS (BMBF/Siemens and others)

HART (Rosemount Inc.)

could communicate over legacy 4-20mA analog
instrumentation
Industrial Applications
Popular Communication, Networking and Control Standards for
Industrial Systems
Features/Guiding Principles

Ultra-high reliability, even under harsh environments

“Zero” network failure

3. “ GO Wireless ” !!! : Industrial Systems
Industrial Applications“GO Wireless”

“Lower” installation, operation and maintenance cost

“Competative” end-to-end reliability and battery life

4. “ GO Wireless + IP ” !!! : Industrial Systems
“GO IP”

“Easy” integration with IT systems and the Internet
Industrial ApplicationsConventional Internet
IP Protocol Suite

5. Conventional Internet
“ Go Wireless + IP ” in Industrial Systems
Industrial Applications
IP Protocol Suite
+ “nuances”
Non-IP Protocol Suite
Gateway

6. Existing Work

7. Existing Stack using IEEE 805.15.4 as the PHY
Convergence / Adaptation
Zigbee Alliance
Zigbee
IEC
WirelessHART
Microchip
MiWi
ISA
100.11a
IETF
6LoWPAN
Routing
Application
Transport
MAC
IEEE 802.15.4e
PHY
IEEE 802.15.4-2006
(868/915/2400MHz)

8. Popular IETF Stack for Edge Devices : 6LowPAN RFC Portfolio
6LoWPAN Adaptation
IEEE 802.15.4e
IEEE 802.15.4-2006
RPL
UDP DTLS
CoAP, CoAPs
IP IPSec
1. RFC 4944 (base 6LowPAN)
Transmission of IPv6 Packets over IEEE 802.15.4 Networks
2. RFC 6282
Compression Format for IPv6 Datagrams over IEEE 802.15.4 Networks
3. RFC 6775
Neighbor Discovery Optimization for IPv6 over 6LoWPAN
4. RFC 4919
IPv6 over 6LoWPAN: Overview, Assumptions, Problem Statement & Goals
5. RFC 6606
Problem Statement and Requirements for IPv6 over 6LoWPAN Routing
6. RFC 6568
Design and Application Spaces for IPv6 over 6LoWPAN

9. 6LoWPAN Adaptation
IEEE 802.15.4e
IEEE 802.15.4-2006
RPL
UDP DTLS
CoAP, CoAPs
IP IPSec
Popular IETF Stack for Edge Devices : Other RFC Portfolio
1. RFC 7252
CoAP
2. RFC 6347 / 4347
DTLS v1.2
3. RFC 4862
IPv6 Stateless Address Autoconfiguration
4. RFC draft-raza-6lowpan-ipsec-00
Compression of IPsec AH and ESP Headers for 6LoWPAN Networks

10. Thread
6LoWPAN Adaptation
IEEE 802.15.4e
IEEE 802.15.4-2006
DV Routing
UDP DTLS
Application
IP
Thread Stack for Edge Devices
6LoWPAN Adaptation
IEEE 802.15.4e
IEEE 802.15.4-2006
RPL
UDP DTLS
CoAP, CoAPs
IP IPSec
“Popular” IETF
1. RFC 1050
Routing Information Protocol
(RIP)
2. RFC 2080
RIP for IPv6

11. HTTP, HTTPs, CoAP, CoAPs, OAuth
TCP, UDP TLS, DTLS
IP IPsec
Ethernet
CoAP, CoAPs, OAuth
UDP DTLS
IP RPL IPsec
6LoWPAN
IEEE 802.15.4 PHY + MAC
CoAP, CoAPs
DTLS comp. DTLS
UDP comp. UDP
IPv6 com. IPv6
IPsec com. IPsec
Ethernet/WiFi 802.15.4 security
Putting “All-together”

12. Work “in-progress”

13. “New” IETF Stack for Edge Devices: +6TiSCH
6LoWPAN Adaptation
IEEE 802.15.4e (TSCH)
IEEE 802.15.4-2006
RPL
UDP DTLS
CoAP, CoAPs
IP IPSec
6TiSCH 6top

Schedule Manager: build and maintain a TSCH schedule
https://bitbucket.org/6tisch/

draft-ietf-6tisch-architecture-09
An Architecture for IPv6 over the TSCH mode of IEEE 802.15.4

draft-ietf-6tisch-minimal-15
Minimal 6TiSCH Configuration

And many more
https://datatracker.ietf.org/wg/6tisch/documents/
6TiSCH: “glue” between :

link-layer standard offereing industrial performance (reliability &
power consumption), and

IP-enabled upper stack

14. IETF Deterministic Networking (DetNet)
What can be made deterministics in wireless networks ?

Bounded worse case latency

schedule all transmissions = time sync + resource reservations (buffers, queues)

Delivery ratio

diversity to counter unpredictable interference

Spatial --> redundancy

temporal/frequency --> retry failed transimitions and hop channels
Deterministic networking refers to the pre-computation and pre-allocation of pre-determined physical resources
in the network (queues, buffers, transmission medium) for well characterized flows that are known a-priori, in
order to avoid statistical effects that lead to poor bandwidth utilization, uncontrolled jitter, and congestion loss.
A path is nailed down for a particular set of resources at particular times, and the forwarding behavior ensures that
the right packets are forwarded at the right time to make use of these resources.

15. IETF Deterministic Networking (DetNet) : Open Challenges
Edge Platform (constrains) introduce operational challenges:

Limited buffering capacity avaliable --> Cannot store frames in transit from multiple flows

Single radio with half-duplex properties --> Cannot transmit and receive at the same time

Energy limitations --> Needs to be factored in for calulating the globally best schedules with min OPEX

Imprecise system clocks --> High precision time-stamping (< 1us) is challenging

Workable schedules in stable topologies is achievable; but what about topologies with high percentage of
“grey” links (typical of LLN) ?

Deterministic Networking Professional Audio Requirements http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-gunther-detnet-proaudio-req-01

Deterministic networking for radio access networks http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-korhonen-detnet-telreq-00

6TiSCH requirements for DetNet http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-thubert-6tisch-4detnet-01

Deterministic Networking Utilities requirements http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-wetterwald-detnet-utilities-reqs-02

Deterministic Networking Use Case in Mobile Network http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-zha-detnet-use-case-00

Deterministic Networking Problem Statement http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-finn-detnet-problem-statement-03

Deterministic Networks Gap Analysis http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-dujovne-detnet-gap-analysis-00

Deterministic Networking Architecture http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-finn-detnet-architecture-01

16. Thanks !!!