This document provides an outline for a Linux hosting training course. It covers topics like networking, hardware, operating systems, client to client communication, and client/server models. The networking section defines LANs and WANs, network elements like switches and routers. It also discusses communication protocols, IP addressing, and ports. The hardware section examines CPU components, memory, storage devices and compares processor specifications. The operating systems focus on Linux distributions. Client to client examples demonstrate chat conversations while client/server models list common network server types.

1. BESM ALLAH

2. Linux Hosting Training Course
[Level 1-1]
Ramy Allam

3. OUTLINE
● Networking
● Hardware
● Operating System
● Client to Client
● Client / Server

4. Networking

5. Network Types
● Local Area Network
● Limited Space
● Office – School - College

6. Network Types
● Wide Area Network
● Wide Space
● Wide number of Lans
● Cities - Countries

7. Network Elements

8. Switch / Router
● Switch connects devices inside LAN
● Router connects WAN

9. ● Network Topology
● MAC Address and Switch Relation
● Routing Table
Find it !

10. Interested ?
● Cisco Courses

11. What is the Internet ?
● Interconnected WANs
● Each Network has multiple devices
● Devices exchange information together

12. Communication Protocol
● All communications between devices require
that the devices agree on the format of the
data. The set of rules defining a format is called
a protocol.

13. IP Address
● TCP/IP is the main communication protocol
between networks
● Each device connects to the internet gets an IP
Address
● IPv4
● IPv6

14. IP Versions
● IPv4
● Uses 32bits
● 4 Decimal groups
● 192.168.1.4
● 4294967296 Address
(2^32)
● IPv6
● Uses 128bits
● 8 Hexadecimal groups
● 2001:0db8:85a3:0042:
1000:8a2e:0370:7334
● 3.4× 10^38 Address
(2^128)

15. Communication Port
● In computer networking, a port number is part
of the addressing information used to identify
the senders and receivers of messages.
192.168.1.4
8080
I'm trying to connect 192.168.1.4
on Port 8080
192.168.1.3
Device2 Device1

16. UPLINK
● Ethernet is used for connecting computers to a local area
network (LAN).
● Standard Ethernet transmits data up to 10 Mbps.
● Fast Ethernet supports data transfer up to 100 Mbps.
● Gigabit Ethernet transmits up to 1000 Mbps (1Gbps).

17. UPLINK
● Bandwidth/Traffic – The amount of data being
transferred
● BW usage is reset at the first of every month
● Download VS Upload
● Speed in Byte

18. Hardware

19. CPU “Central Processing Unit”
Executes Instructions from
Software
● ALU - “Arithmetical Logical Unit”
● CU - “Control Unit” It controls
communication and co-ordination between
input/output devices. It reads and interprets
instructions and determines the sequence
for processing the data.

20. CPU “Central Processing Unit”
● Cache Memory “When the processor needs to
read from or write to a location in main memory,
it first checks whether a copy of that data is in
the cache. If so, the processor immediately reads
from or writes to the cache, which is much faster
than reading from or writing to main memory.”
● Speed in GHz
● Vendors ( Intel – AMD )

21. Single/Multi CPU Cores
Single Core
`
Dual Core N Cores

22. Thread
Thread is an ordered
sequence of instructions –
How the app works on
cores ?
● Multithreading execute
instructions in parallel
● Processor must support
threading
● Software must be threaded

23. # Processors / # Cores
● Single Processor Single Core
Total ( 1x 1 = 1 ) Core
● Single Processor Dual Core
Total ( 1x 2 = 2 ) Cores
1Core 1Core
1 Core
● Single Processor Quad Core
Total ( 1x 4 = 4 ) Cores
1Core 1Core 1Core 1Core

24. # Processors / # Cores
● Dual Processor Single Core
Total ( 2x 1 = 2 ) Core
● Dual Processor Dual Core
Total ( 2x 2 = 4 ) Cores
1Core 1Core
1 Core
● Dual Processor Quad Core
Total ( 2x 4 = 8 ) Cores
1Core 1Core 1Core 1Core
1 Core
1Core 1Core
1Core 1Core 1Core 1Core

25. CPU Comparison
● # Cores
● # Thread
● Clock Speed
● Cache Memory

26. Models Comparison
Intel Dual core E2180 Intel Quad Core X3430 Intel Quad Core E5620
Intel Dual Core G6950 Intel Quad Core E3-1220

27. Which one is better ?
● Let cpuboss.com take care of this
Ex. Intel-Xeon-E5620-vs-Intel-Xeon-E5-2620
http://cpuboss.com/cpus/Intel-Xeon-E5620-vs-Intel-Xeon-
E5-2620
● Benchmark
http://www.cpubenchmark.net/high_end_cpus.html

28. RAM
● Stores Data temporarily until processor asks for
it.
● Random Access Memory
● Volatile
● DDR2 8.9GB/s – 1.8V
● DDR3 12.8GB/s – 1.5V

29. HDD
● Hard disk is permanently storage
● Speed in rpm
● SATA - Big Storage
● SAS – Performance
● SSD – High Performance and DB servers

30. Operating System

31. Operating System
● The software that manages computer hardware
resources.
● The interface between Hardware and
Application.
● GNU/Linux – Distributions ( RHEL , CentOS,
Debian, Ubuntu )

32. GNU/Linux
● Free
● OpenSource
● Compatible with most programming languages
and server-side scripting
● Community
● Market Share

33. Client to Client
Device1
Ahmed : Alsalam Alaykom
Ahmed : What's this ?
Device2
Mohamed : W Alaykom Alsalam
Mohamed : Linux Hosting Course

34. Client / Servers
- DataBase Server
- File Server
- Web Server
- Mail Server
- Communications Server
- Game Server
- DNS Server