The document provides guidance on identifying and calculating angles between lines and planes in 3-dimensional space. It outlines four key skills: 1) Identifying the angle between a line and plane, 2) Calculating the angle between a line and plane, 3) Identifying the angle between two planes, and 4) Calculating the angle between two planes. Examples are given to demonstrate how to use trigonometric functions like tangent to determine specific angles within diagrams of 3D objects. Activities are also included for students to practice applying the skills, such as identifying angles within diagrams of cuboids.
We define the definite integral as a limit of Riemann sums, compute some approximations, then investigate the basic additive and comparative properties
This document provides an introduction to using definite integrals to calculate volumes, lengths of curves, centers of mass, surface areas, work, and fluid forces. It discusses calculating volumes through slicing solids and rotating areas about an axis. Examples are provided for finding the volumes of pyramids, wedges, and solids of revolution. It also discusses using integrals to find curve lengths, circle circumferences, and moments and centers of mass for various objects. Surface areas of revolution and fluid pressures are also explained.
Relaรงรฃo entre um ponto e uma circunferenciaAna Maria
ย
O seminรกrio discutiu as posiรงรตes relativas entre um ponto e uma circunferรชncia, com 6 participantes apresentando como um ponto pode ser externo, interno ou pertencente ร circunferรชncia dependendo da distรขncia entre o ponto e o centro da circunferรชncia em comparaรงรฃo ao raio. Os objetivos eram diferenciar cรญrculo de circunferรชncia e aprender a identificar a posiรงรฃo de um ponto em relaรงรฃo ร circunferรชncia.
1) The document discusses double integrals and methods for calculating them, including using iterated integrals and Riemann sums. Double integrals can represent volumes under surfaces.
2) Examples are provided to demonstrate calculating double integrals over rectangles and general regions using iterated integrals and partitioning the region.
3) There are two types of general regions: type I defined by โคโคโคโค and type II defined by โคโคโคโค. The document provides methods for calculating double integrals over these region types.
This document discusses algebraic functions and their properties. Some key points:
- When working with real numbers, you cannot divide by zero or take the square root or even root of a negative number. These restrictions limit the domain of a function.
- To find the domain of a rational function, set the denominator equal to zero and exclude those values.
- The domain of a sum, difference, product, or quotient of functions f and g consists of values that are in the domains of both f and g, except for quotients where the denominator cannot be zero.
- Composition of functions means applying one function to the output of another. The domain of fโg consists of values where g(x) is
The document discusses parallel axis theorem and radius of gyration. It states that parallel axis theorem can be used to calculate the moment of inertia about any parallel axis through the centroidal axis using a formula that considers the first moment of area and distance between the two axes. Radius of gyration is defined as the root mean square distance of particles from the axis of rotation and represents the equivalent radius of a rotating body. Rotational energy is the kinetic energy due to an object's rotation and is part of its total kinetic energy, calculated as the torque times the angular velocity of a rotating body.
1. The document discusses differential equations, which relate functions and their derivatives. First order equations relate a function to its first derivative, while second order equations relate it to its second derivative.
2. Differential equations are used in physics, such as Newton's second law relating force, mass and acceleration. They can have many solutions or no solutions. Simultaneous differential equations involve multiple dependent variables.
3. Examples of simultaneous differential equations include models of survival with AIDS, earthquake effects on buildings with multiple floors, and harvesting renewable resources like fish populations over time.
We define the definite integral as a limit of Riemann sums, compute some approximations, then investigate the basic additive and comparative properties
This document provides an introduction to using definite integrals to calculate volumes, lengths of curves, centers of mass, surface areas, work, and fluid forces. It discusses calculating volumes through slicing solids and rotating areas about an axis. Examples are provided for finding the volumes of pyramids, wedges, and solids of revolution. It also discusses using integrals to find curve lengths, circle circumferences, and moments and centers of mass for various objects. Surface areas of revolution and fluid pressures are also explained.
Relaรงรฃo entre um ponto e uma circunferenciaAna Maria
ย
O seminรกrio discutiu as posiรงรตes relativas entre um ponto e uma circunferรชncia, com 6 participantes apresentando como um ponto pode ser externo, interno ou pertencente ร circunferรชncia dependendo da distรขncia entre o ponto e o centro da circunferรชncia em comparaรงรฃo ao raio. Os objetivos eram diferenciar cรญrculo de circunferรชncia e aprender a identificar a posiรงรฃo de um ponto em relaรงรฃo ร circunferรชncia.
1) The document discusses double integrals and methods for calculating them, including using iterated integrals and Riemann sums. Double integrals can represent volumes under surfaces.
2) Examples are provided to demonstrate calculating double integrals over rectangles and general regions using iterated integrals and partitioning the region.
3) There are two types of general regions: type I defined by โคโคโคโค and type II defined by โคโคโคโค. The document provides methods for calculating double integrals over these region types.
This document discusses algebraic functions and their properties. Some key points:
- When working with real numbers, you cannot divide by zero or take the square root or even root of a negative number. These restrictions limit the domain of a function.
- To find the domain of a rational function, set the denominator equal to zero and exclude those values.
- The domain of a sum, difference, product, or quotient of functions f and g consists of values that are in the domains of both f and g, except for quotients where the denominator cannot be zero.
- Composition of functions means applying one function to the output of another. The domain of fโg consists of values where g(x) is
The document discusses parallel axis theorem and radius of gyration. It states that parallel axis theorem can be used to calculate the moment of inertia about any parallel axis through the centroidal axis using a formula that considers the first moment of area and distance between the two axes. Radius of gyration is defined as the root mean square distance of particles from the axis of rotation and represents the equivalent radius of a rotating body. Rotational energy is the kinetic energy due to an object's rotation and is part of its total kinetic energy, calculated as the torque times the angular velocity of a rotating body.
1. The document discusses differential equations, which relate functions and their derivatives. First order equations relate a function to its first derivative, while second order equations relate it to its second derivative.
2. Differential equations are used in physics, such as Newton's second law relating force, mass and acceleration. They can have many solutions or no solutions. Simultaneous differential equations involve multiple dependent variables.
3. Examples of simultaneous differential equations include models of survival with AIDS, earthquake effects on buildings with multiple floors, and harvesting renewable resources like fish populations over time.
The document discusses operations on complex numbers, including multiplication, raising to powers, and De Moivre's theorem. It provides examples of multiplying complex numbers algebraically and in polar form. It also gives examples of raising complex numbers to powers using the rules zn = rnฮธn and De Moivre's theorem, which states that (r cis ฮธ)n = rn cis nฮธ.
Dokumen tersebut memberikan penjelasan tentang beberapa konsep dasar matematika seperti proyeksi garis pada bidang, jarak antara titik dan garis/bidang, sudut antara garis dan bidang, serta sudut antara dua bidang. Konsep-konsep tersebut dijelaskan beserta contoh soal dan penyelesaiannya.
Dokumen tersebut membahas konsep jarak dalam geometri ruang, termasuk jarak titik ke titik, titik ke garis, titik ke bidang, garis ke garis, garis ke bidang, dan bidang ke bidang. Metode penentuan jarak dijelaskan dengan contoh-contoh soal dan gambar ilustrasi.
Dokumen tersebut membahas tentang konsep-konsep dasar geometri tiga dimensi seperti ketegaklurusan garis terhadap bidang dan jarak-jarak istimewa antara titik dan bidang pada kubus beserta rumus-rumus perhitungannya. Dijelaskan pula cara menghitung jarak antara dua titik, titik ke garis, dan titik ke bidang menggunakan konsep segitiga dan trigonometri. Diakhir ada soal latihan untuk dijawab.
6161103 10.8 mohrโs circle for moments of inertiaetcenterrbru
ย
The document describes Mohr's circle, which is used to analyze the principal moments of inertia for a given cross-sectional area. It presents equations to determine the radius and center of the Mohr's circle based on the area's moments of inertia (Ix, Iy) and product of inertia (Ixy). An example problem is shown where these values are used to construct the circle and determine the maximum and minimum moments of inertia and their corresponding principal axes.
Teks tersebut merangkum tentang Euclid dan buku karyanya The Elements. The Elements terdiri dari 13 buku yang membahas geometri bidang, aritmatika, dan geometri ruang, serta tokoh-tokoh yang berkontribusi dalam perkembangan geometri Euclid.
Bab 1 membahas tentang grup. Definisi grup dijelaskan sebagai himpunan yang memenuhi sifat tertutup, asosiatif, adanya unsur identitas, dan adanya unsur invers. Contoh grup diantaranya grup bilangan bulat di bawah penjumlahan, grup matriks, dan grup permutasi.
Teorema 3.5 membuktikan bahwa jika a membagi b dan b membagi a, maka a sama dengan b atau sama dengan -b. Teorema 3.6 membuktikan bahwa jika a membagi b dengan a dan b bilangan positif, maka a kurang dari atau sama dengan b. Teorema 3.7 membuktikan bahwa jika a membagi b dan b tidak sama dengan nol, maka mutlak a kurang dari atau sama dengan mutlak b. Teorema 3.
To find the distance between two points on a number line or coordinate plane, take the absolute value of the difference between their coordinates. In the document, examples are provided to demonstrate finding the length of line segments by determining the coordinates of the endpoints and calculating the distance between them. The distance formula is also defined as the square root of the sum of the squares of the differences between the x- and y-coordinates.
1) The document discusses directional derivatives and the gradient of functions of several variables. It defines the directional derivative Duf(c) as the slope of the function f in the direction of the unit vector u at the point c.
2) It shows that the partial derivatives of f can be computed by treating all but one variable as a constant. The gradient of f is defined as the vector of its partial derivatives.
3) It derives an expression for the directional derivative Duf(c) in terms of the partial derivatives of f and the components of the unit vector u, showing the relationship between directional derivatives and the gradient.
This document discusses various forms of equations for lines including point-slope form, two-point form, slope-intercept form, intercept form, and normal form. It provides the definitions and step-by-step processes for deriving the equation of a line given certain characteristics like two points on the line, the slope and a point, the slope and y-intercept, x and y-intercepts, or the length of the perpendicular from the origin and the angle it makes with the x-axis.
Dokumen tersebut membahas sistem persamaan kongruensi linear, dimana dijelaskan cara menyelesaikan sistem dua persamaan kongruensi linear dengan dua variabel x dan y, serta penyelesaian umum sistem n persamaan kongruensi linear n variabel menggunakan notasi matriks.
Rencana pelaksanaan pembelajaran (RPP) ini membahas penggunaan Teorema Pythagoras untuk menentukan panjang sisi-sisi segitiga siku-siku dan memecahkan masalah pada bangun datar terkait Teorema Pythagoras untuk siswa kelas VIII selama 6 jam pelajaran yang mencakup materi, tujuan, langkah-langkah, dan penilaian pembelajaran.
The document describes activities to identify planes and angles between planes and lines using diagrams of cuboids. It includes examples of identifying:
1) Different planes of a cuboid labeled with points, such as the top plane EFGH and side plane ADHE.
2) The location of points relative to other points, such as point E being to the left of point F.
3) The angle between a line and plane using concepts like normal and orthogonal projections.
4) Calculating the measure of the angle between a line and plane using trigonometric functions.
5) Identifying the angle between two planes by selecting points that intersect both planes and constructing a triangle.
This document provides information and examples regarding orthographic projections and geometric conventions used in technical drawings.
It begins by defining the notation used to label different views, such as "front view" and "top view". It then demonstrates how to determine which quadrant a point lies in based on its x and y coordinates. Several examples are given of how points are projected onto different planes and quadrants.
The document also covers orthographic projections of lines, planes, and basic solids. It explains how to project points that make up these objects and then join them. Examples are shown of projecting lines with different orientations. Projections of planes at different angles are demonstrated as well.
The document discusses operations on complex numbers, including multiplication, raising to powers, and De Moivre's theorem. It provides examples of multiplying complex numbers algebraically and in polar form. It also gives examples of raising complex numbers to powers using the rules zn = rnฮธn and De Moivre's theorem, which states that (r cis ฮธ)n = rn cis nฮธ.
Dokumen tersebut memberikan penjelasan tentang beberapa konsep dasar matematika seperti proyeksi garis pada bidang, jarak antara titik dan garis/bidang, sudut antara garis dan bidang, serta sudut antara dua bidang. Konsep-konsep tersebut dijelaskan beserta contoh soal dan penyelesaiannya.
Dokumen tersebut membahas konsep jarak dalam geometri ruang, termasuk jarak titik ke titik, titik ke garis, titik ke bidang, garis ke garis, garis ke bidang, dan bidang ke bidang. Metode penentuan jarak dijelaskan dengan contoh-contoh soal dan gambar ilustrasi.
Dokumen tersebut membahas tentang konsep-konsep dasar geometri tiga dimensi seperti ketegaklurusan garis terhadap bidang dan jarak-jarak istimewa antara titik dan bidang pada kubus beserta rumus-rumus perhitungannya. Dijelaskan pula cara menghitung jarak antara dua titik, titik ke garis, dan titik ke bidang menggunakan konsep segitiga dan trigonometri. Diakhir ada soal latihan untuk dijawab.
6161103 10.8 mohrโs circle for moments of inertiaetcenterrbru
ย
The document describes Mohr's circle, which is used to analyze the principal moments of inertia for a given cross-sectional area. It presents equations to determine the radius and center of the Mohr's circle based on the area's moments of inertia (Ix, Iy) and product of inertia (Ixy). An example problem is shown where these values are used to construct the circle and determine the maximum and minimum moments of inertia and their corresponding principal axes.
Teks tersebut merangkum tentang Euclid dan buku karyanya The Elements. The Elements terdiri dari 13 buku yang membahas geometri bidang, aritmatika, dan geometri ruang, serta tokoh-tokoh yang berkontribusi dalam perkembangan geometri Euclid.
Bab 1 membahas tentang grup. Definisi grup dijelaskan sebagai himpunan yang memenuhi sifat tertutup, asosiatif, adanya unsur identitas, dan adanya unsur invers. Contoh grup diantaranya grup bilangan bulat di bawah penjumlahan, grup matriks, dan grup permutasi.
Teorema 3.5 membuktikan bahwa jika a membagi b dan b membagi a, maka a sama dengan b atau sama dengan -b. Teorema 3.6 membuktikan bahwa jika a membagi b dengan a dan b bilangan positif, maka a kurang dari atau sama dengan b. Teorema 3.7 membuktikan bahwa jika a membagi b dan b tidak sama dengan nol, maka mutlak a kurang dari atau sama dengan mutlak b. Teorema 3.
To find the distance between two points on a number line or coordinate plane, take the absolute value of the difference between their coordinates. In the document, examples are provided to demonstrate finding the length of line segments by determining the coordinates of the endpoints and calculating the distance between them. The distance formula is also defined as the square root of the sum of the squares of the differences between the x- and y-coordinates.
1) The document discusses directional derivatives and the gradient of functions of several variables. It defines the directional derivative Duf(c) as the slope of the function f in the direction of the unit vector u at the point c.
2) It shows that the partial derivatives of f can be computed by treating all but one variable as a constant. The gradient of f is defined as the vector of its partial derivatives.
3) It derives an expression for the directional derivative Duf(c) in terms of the partial derivatives of f and the components of the unit vector u, showing the relationship between directional derivatives and the gradient.
This document discusses various forms of equations for lines including point-slope form, two-point form, slope-intercept form, intercept form, and normal form. It provides the definitions and step-by-step processes for deriving the equation of a line given certain characteristics like two points on the line, the slope and a point, the slope and y-intercept, x and y-intercepts, or the length of the perpendicular from the origin and the angle it makes with the x-axis.
Dokumen tersebut membahas sistem persamaan kongruensi linear, dimana dijelaskan cara menyelesaikan sistem dua persamaan kongruensi linear dengan dua variabel x dan y, serta penyelesaian umum sistem n persamaan kongruensi linear n variabel menggunakan notasi matriks.
Rencana pelaksanaan pembelajaran (RPP) ini membahas penggunaan Teorema Pythagoras untuk menentukan panjang sisi-sisi segitiga siku-siku dan memecahkan masalah pada bangun datar terkait Teorema Pythagoras untuk siswa kelas VIII selama 6 jam pelajaran yang mencakup materi, tujuan, langkah-langkah, dan penilaian pembelajaran.
The document describes activities to identify planes and angles between planes and lines using diagrams of cuboids. It includes examples of identifying:
1) Different planes of a cuboid labeled with points, such as the top plane EFGH and side plane ADHE.
2) The location of points relative to other points, such as point E being to the left of point F.
3) The angle between a line and plane using concepts like normal and orthogonal projections.
4) Calculating the measure of the angle between a line and plane using trigonometric functions.
5) Identifying the angle between two planes by selecting points that intersect both planes and constructing a triangle.
This document provides information and examples regarding orthographic projections and geometric conventions used in technical drawings.
It begins by defining the notation used to label different views, such as "front view" and "top view". It then demonstrates how to determine which quadrant a point lies in based on its x and y coordinates. Several examples are given of how points are projected onto different planes and quadrants.
The document also covers orthographic projections of lines, planes, and basic solids. It explains how to project points that make up these objects and then join them. Examples are shown of projecting lines with different orientations. Projections of planes at different angles are demonstrated as well.
This document provides information and examples regarding orthographic projections and views of geometric objects:
1) It explains the notation used to label different views, such as "front view" and "top view".
2) It demonstrates how to project a point placed in each of the four quadrants onto the front and top views, including how the views change based on the point's location.
3) Examples are given for projecting lines, planes, and basic geometric solids by first projecting their constituent points and joining them in the views.
The document is a mathematics module in trigonometry for Form 3 students in Malaysia. It contains instructions for a 35 question test covering trigonometric concepts in English. Students are to fill out personal information and confirmation of test details on an answer sheet before taking the multiple choice and written response test questions.
This document provides information about orthogonal projections and how to draw plans, elevations, and 3D orthographic projections of objects. It includes:
- Definitions of orthogonal projections, plans (top views), and elevations (front and side views)
- Steps for constructing orthogonal projections by drawing normals from corners to the projection plane
- Examples showing how to draw the plan, elevations and 3D orthographic projections of various objects
- Details on using different line types (solid, dashed, thin) to indicate visible and hidden edges
Here are the key steps to solve quadratic equations:
1. Factorize the quadratic expression if possible. This allows using the zero product property.
2. Use the quadratic formula if factorizing is not possible:
x = (-b ยฑ โ(b^2 - 4ac)) / 2a
3. Solve for the roots. The roots are the values of x that make the quadratic equation equal to 0.
4. Check your solutions in the original equation to verify they are correct roots.
5. Determine the nature of the roots:
- If the discriminant (b^2 - 4ac) is greater than 0, there are two real distinct roots.
- If the discriminant
The document is a mathematics examination for Form 3 students in Malaysia on the topic of polygons. It consists of 36 multiple choice questions testing students' understanding of concepts like regular polygons, interior and exterior angles, and finding missing angle measures. It also includes 5 short answer questions requiring students to explain various polygon concepts in writing. The test assesses students on 10 different learning objectives related to comprehending English language questions and mathematical terms, mastering relevant knowledge and skills, and expressing ideas in English.
1. The histogram shows the distribution of heights of seedlings in a sample. It has frequencies on the y-axis and height ranges from -30 to 60 cm on the x-axis.
2. Most of the seedlings have heights between 10-30 cm as this has the highest frequencies.
3. There are no seedlings with heights below 0 cm or above 50 cm as those parts of the x-axis have a frequency of 0.
This document defines and describes properties of various quadrilaterals:
- Rectangles have four right angles and opposite sides of equal length. The area formula is length x width.
- Parallelograms have two pairs of parallel sides. The opposite angles are equal and adjacent angles sum to 180 degrees. Diagonals bisect each other.
- Trapezoids have one pair of parallel sides. Isosceles trapezoids have two pairs of equal angles and equal or equal length diagonals. Right trapezoids contain one right angle. The area of any trapezoid is half the product of the height and sum of the parallel sides.
This document contains a mathematics exam for the Caribbean Examinations Council Secondary Education Certificate. The exam has two sections and contains 8 questions. Section I contains 5 compulsory questions testing algebra, geometry, and data analysis skills. Section II contains 2 optional questions on algebra and relations/functions, geometry and trigonometry, or statistics. The exam tests a range of mathematical concepts and requires both calculations and explanations. It aims to comprehensively assess students' general mathematics proficiency.
1. The document provides information on computer aided engineering graphics including notation conventions, quadrant patterns, orthographic projections of points and lines, and projections of planes and 3D objects.
2. Key concepts covered include first angle and third angle projection methods, determining the front, top, and side views of objects, and how to represent inclined lines and planes through reduced views and rotations of reference planes.
3. Examples are given of orthographic projections for points in different quadrants, straight lines with various orientations, planes with different inclinations, and multi-view projections of 3D objects using both first and third angle methods.
1. The document is a geometry chapter 4 review containing 8 multiple choice questions about parallel and perpendicular lines, transversals, midpoints, and perpendicular bisectors.
2. The questions cover topics like identifying pairs of alternate exterior and interior angles formed by a transversal intersecting parallel lines, determining which statement about transversals is false, and finding the midpoint and slope of a line between two points.
3. The final question asks which statement is false about properties of a line segment that is the perpendicular bisector of another line segment, with choices involving congruence, intersections, perpendicularity, and parallelism of the relevant line segments.
This document contains a 38-question mathematics assessment on circles for Form 3 students in Malaysia. The test covers topics like diameters, radii, chords, arcs, angles, and cyclic quadrilaterals. It includes both multiple choice and written response questions. The test is administered according to standardized instructions and is meant to evaluate students on several learning constructs related to understanding mathematical terms and concepts in English.
The document provides instructions for projecting plane figures by describing their position relative to the horizontal and vertical planes. It explains that problems will give the plane figure and its inclination to the planes. The document outlines the 3 step process: 1) assume initial position, 2) consider surface inclination, 3) consider side/edge inclination. Examples are given of different inclinations and the steps are applied to sample problems.
The document contains a series of math word problems and geometry exercises involving angles, triangles, trapezoids, and algebraic expressions. Students are asked to identify geometric features of shapes, calculate unknown angle measures, and solve for unknown variables in expressions. They must apply properties of angles, triangles, parallel lines, and algebraic operations to determine the requested values.
1. A plane is a two-dimensional geometrical entity with length and width but no thickness. For practical purposes, a flat face of an object may be treated as a plane.
2. When projecting a plane, its shape, inclination to reference planes, and the inclination of edges are given. Planes can be parallel or inclined to one or both reference planes.
3. This document provides examples of projecting rectangular and pentagonal planes in different positions relative to the reference planes. The examples demonstrate determining the true shape view and projecting points for planes oriented parallel or inclined to the horizontal and vertical planes.
This document provides examples of writing quadratic equations in general form. It shows working through solving two equations step-by-step and rewriting them as ax2 + bx + c = 0, with a = 1 for the first equation, and a = 2 for the second.
SMK Kampung Gelam memberikan ringkasan singkat tentang sekolah tersebut. Sekolah ini terletak di Melaka dan memulakan operasinya pada tahun 2009 dengan 195 pelajar dan 15 guru. Sekolah ini mempunyai pelbagai kemudahan pendidikan dan sukan untuk menyokong pembelajaran pelajar.
The document is a 10 question pretest about salts. It asks students to identify examples of salts used in daily life, which salt is used as a fertilizer, and which salt can neutralize excess stomach acid. It also asks students to identify the acid used to make ammonium chloride, the salt formed from sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid, chemical equations that represent neutralization, reactions that can produce potassium sulfate, true statements about salts, the type of salts formed from ethanoic acid, and the definition of a salt.
This document contains a pretest for a topic on acids and bases. The pretest has 24 multiple choice questions that assess understanding of key concepts such as: [1] the definition of acids and bases, [2] properties of strong vs. weak acids and bases, and [3] calculations involving molarity, moles, and mass in acid/base solutions. Students are to record their answers in a provided table with spaces for each question number.
The document is a 15 question post-test on electrochemistry. It contains multiple choice questions testing understanding of electrolysis apparatus, electrolytes, half-reactions, and products of electrolysis for various molten salts including sodium chloride, lead(II) bromide, and potassium iodide. Diagrams of electrolysis set-ups are provided with some questions referring to labeled components or substances.
1. The document is a post-test on chemical bonds with 15 multiple choice questions and answers.
2. The questions cover topics like chemical stability of atoms, ion formation, ionic and covalent bonding, Lewis structures, and the periodic table.
3. The final question asks which statement about ionic and covalent bonds is not true - that covalent bonds involve electrostatic force of attraction.
Surat pekeliling ini membincangkan langkah-langkah untuk meningkatkan keselamatan pelajar di sekolah. Ia menyarankan peningkatan kesedaran terhadap keselamatan diri melalui pengajaran dan peraturan. Langkah-langkah seperti sistem kawalan keluar-masuk, tempat berkumpul selamat, dan larangan kawasan tersembunyi diperkenalkan. Semua pihak perlu bekerjasama untuk melaksanakan peraturan keselamatan di sekol
1. A student carried out an experiment to investigate the relationship between the change in length (y) of a spring and the mass (m) of a load placed on the spring.
2. The student measured the change in length of the spring for different masses and recorded the data in a table.
3. A graph of y against m showed that y increased linearly with m, indicating the change in length of the spring is directly proportional to the mass of the load.
1. The document discusses the characteristics of precision, accuracy, and sensitivity which are important when selecting a measuring instrument.
2. Precision refers to the consistency or reproducibility of measurements, while accuracy refers to how close measurements are to the true or accepted value.
3. Sensitivity is the ability of an instrument to detect small changes in the measured quantity. More sensitive instruments have finer scale divisions and can measure smaller amounts.
This document discusses the importance of measurement in physics and introduces the International System of Units (SI Units) used to measure physical quantities. It provides definitions and examples of base units like the meter, kilogram, second, kelvin, and ampere. Prefixes are also introduced to write very large and small numbers in standard form with powers of ten. Examples are provided to convert between different units of length, mass, time, volume, velocity, pressure, and acceleration.
This document discusses base and derived physical quantities in physics. It defines base quantities as those that cannot be derived from other quantities, and lists the five base SI units as length, mass, time, temperature, and current. Derived quantities are defined as those derived from base quantities through multiplication or division, and examples given are area, velocity, and density. The document also discusses scalar and vector quantities, with scalars having magnitude only and vectors having both magnitude and direction.
This document describes several activities to teach students about experimentation and identifying variables. The activities explore evaporation, solubility, dissolving, acids, alkalis, temperature, pressure, springs, and friction. For each activity, the document identifies the manipulated variable, responding variable, and any constant/controlled variables. It also provides examples of how to operationally define scientific terms based on experimental observations and measurements. The overall purpose is to help students learn about experimental design and identifying the key variables in experiments.
This document provides teaching materials and activities for lessons on water and solutions. It includes:
1. Word lists and definitions for key scientific terms related to the physical characteristics and composition of water, such as melting point, boiling point, and electrolysis.
2. Details on activities to reinforce vocabulary, including word puzzles, jumbles, and crossword puzzles using the terms.
3. Instructions for teachers on distributing materials, having students complete the activities, and going over answers to check understanding.
The goal is to help students learn and understand important scientific vocabulary through engaging classroom exercises on topics like the physical properties and molecular structure of water.
This document discusses common misconceptions that occur during the teaching and learning of science topics. It provides examples of misconceptions related to various concepts in biology and physics. The objectives are to help teachers identify these misconceptions and be aware that they may be unintentionally passing them on to students. Suggestions include activities for teachers to help students distinguish between correct and incorrect understandings. The document aims to improve science education by reducing the spread of misconceptions.
Pantun ini membahas tentang prinsip-prinsip fizik seperti tekanan, tindak balas tekanan, dan sistem hidraulik. Pantun 1 dan 2 membahas tentang tekanan yang dihasilkan oleh beban dan atmosfera. Pantun 3 dan 4 menjelaskan bagaimana tekanan cecair dan atmosfera dapat mempengaruhi pergerakan cecair. Pantun 5 ingin membina sistem hidraulik berdasarkan prinsip Pascal.
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The webinar may also give some examples on how nonprofits can best leverage Walmart Business+.
The event will cover the following::
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(๐๐๐ ๐๐๐) (๐๐๐ฌ๐ฌ๐จ๐ง ๐)-๐๐ซ๐๐ฅ๐ข๐ฆ๐ฌ
๐๐ข๐ฌ๐๐ฎ๐ฌ๐ฌ ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐๐๐ ๐๐ฎ๐ซ๐ซ๐ข๐๐ฎ๐ฅ๐ฎ๐ฆ ๐ข๐ง ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐๐ก๐ข๐ฅ๐ข๐ฉ๐ฉ๐ข๐ง๐๐ฌ:
- Understand the goals and objectives of the Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) curriculum, recognizing its importance in fostering practical life skills and values among students. Students will also be able to identify the key components and subjects covered, such as agriculture, home economics, industrial arts, and information and communication technology.
๐๐ฑ๐ฉ๐ฅ๐๐ข๐ง ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐๐๐ญ๐ฎ๐ซ๐ ๐๐ง๐ ๐๐๐จ๐ฉ๐ ๐จ๐ ๐๐ง ๐๐ง๐ญ๐ซ๐๐ฉ๐ซ๐๐ง๐๐ฎ๐ซ:
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RHEOLOGY Physical pharmaceutics-II notes for B.pharm 4th sem students
ย
Line Plane In 3 Dimension
1.
2. LINES AND PLANES IN 3-DIMENSION
To answer the question from this topic, the
students must acquire the following skills :
โข Able to identify the angle between a line
and a plane ( 1 Mark )
โข Able to calculate the angle between a line
and a plane ( 3 Marks ).
โข Able to identify the angle between two
planes ( 1 Mark ).
โข Able to calculate the angle between two
planes ( 3 Marks )
3. EXAMPLE :
Diagram shows a cuboid with
W
T P1 a horizontal rectangular base.
5cm ๏ด Calculate the angle between
U V the planeTWR and the plane
S PSWT.
P
8cm
SOLUTION :
Q R
๏ R T/W S
8
Tan ๏ RWS = ๏ด
5 K2
At the back
W 8
๏ RWS = Tan -1
5
5cm
S R = 580 ๏ด N1
8cm
4. ACTIVITY 1 : TO IDENTIFY THE PLANE
H G
E F
D C
A
B
PLANE AT THE TOP : PLANE EFGH
8. H G
E F
D C
A
B
PLANE AT THE BOTTOM: PLANE ABCD
9. H G
E F
D C
A
B
PLANE ON THE RIGHT : PLANE BCGF
10. THE LOCATION OF THE POINT
ON TOP OF THE RED DOT
TO THE RIGHT OF
THE RED DOT
AT THE BACK OF
THE RED DOT
IN FRONT OF THE
RED DOT
11. ON THE
TOP OF โฆ.
AT THE
TO THE BACK OF โฆ.
LEFT OF โฆ.
TO THE
RIGHT OF โฆ.
IN FRONT
OF โฆ.
AT THE
BOTTOM OF โฆ.
12. ACTIVITY 2 : TO DETERMINE THE LOCATION OF A POINT
H G
E
F
D C
A B
POINT TO THE LEFT OF F : POINT E
POINT AT THE BOTTOM OF F : POINT B
POINT AT THE BACK OF F : POINT G
POINT TO THE RIGHT OF D : POINT C
POINT ON TOP OF D : POINT H
POINT IN FRONT OF D : POINT A
14. Activity 3 :To Identify The Angle Between Line And Plane
H G
The line draw from
G and
Normal perpendicular to
the plane ABCD is
E F call normal
D C
The line lies on the
Orthogonal plane ABCD which
projection joint the point A to the
A B line GC is known as
the orthogonal
The angle between the line AG
projection of line AG
and the orthogonal projection, AC
on the plane ABCD.
is the angle between the line AG
and the plane ABCD that is
๏ GAC.
15. ACTIVITY 3 : To Identify The Angle Between A Line And A Plane
Example 1a
๏
H G
G A C
Normal
E F
D C At the bottom
Name the angle between the line
A B AG and the plane ABCD
Orthogonal
projection
Angle between the line AG and the plane ABCD
= ๏GAC.
16. EXAMPLE 1(b)
H G
E F
D C
A B
Diagram 1(b)
Diagram 1b shows a cuboid ABCDEFGH.
Name the angle between the line HB and the
plane ABCD.
17. ACTIVITY 4 :
To find the angle between a line and a plane
Example 2(a) 12cm
H G
5cm 5cm
E F
D
C
4cm
A B
Diagram 2a
Diagram 2(a) shows a cuboid, ABCDEFG. Find the
angle between the line AH and the plane DCGH.
18. No Steps Solutions
1. Draw the line AH and
shade the plan DCGH H 12cm
G
in diagram 2a.
5cm
E F
D C
4cm
A B
Diagram 2a
Diagram 2a shows a cuboid, ABCDEFG. Find the angle between the line
AH and the plane DCGH.
19. No Steeps Solutions
2 Use the method you
have learned in activity
3, identify the angle
between the line AH ๏ A H D
and the plane DCGH
back
H 12cm
G
5cm
E F
D C
4cm
A B
20. No Steps Solutions
3 Refer to the points you have H
obtained in steep 2 (point A, H,
D), complete the โ AHD. Mark
๏ AHD. Mark the right angle,
๏ HDA. Transfer out the
A D
โ AHD.
12cm
๏
H G
A H D
5cm
E F
D C
4cm
A B
21. No Steps Solutions
4 With the information given in the
question, label the length of the
sides of โ AHD. At least the
length for 2 sides must be known.
Use Pythegoras Theorem if
necessary.
H 12cm G
5cm
E F
D C
4cm
A B
22. No Steps Solutions
6 Mark, H
- the opposite side, AD asT
- the adjacent side, HD as S
5 cm S
A 4 cm D
T
H 12cm
G
5cm
E F
D C
4cm
A B
23. No Steps Solutions
6 Use the tangent formula to
4
calculate ๏ AHD. Tan ๏ AHD =
5
Remember, use
4
-The sine formula, if O and H were ๏ AHD = tan -1
5
known O - SOH
S๏ฝ ๏ AHD = 38040โ
H
- The cosine formula, if A and H
were known
A
C๏ฝ โ CAH 12cm
H G
H
-The tangent formula, if O and A E 5cm
D F
were known O C
T๏ฝ โ TOA 4cm
A A B
24. example 2 (b)
12 cm
H G
E F
4 cm
D
C
3 cm
A B
Diagram 2b
Diagram 2b shows a cuboid,ABCDEFGH. Calculate
the angle between the line HB and the plane BCGF
26. ACTIVITY 5 : To Identified The Angle Between Two
Planes
EXAMPLE 3(a)
H G
E
F
D C
A 1. DRAW 3 LINES
B
Diagram 3a
Diagram 3a shows a cuboid,
ABCDEFGH. Name the angle between
the plane AGH and the plane ABCD
27. ACTIVITY 5 : To Identified The Angle Between Two Planes
H G
E F
D C
Bottom
A B
2. Mark the location
Diagram 3a
(direction) of the
plane ABCD at the
Diagram 3a shows a cuboid,
ABCDEFGH. Name the angle bottom of the first
between the plane, AGH and the line to the left.
plane, ABCD
28. ACTIVITY 5 : To Identified The Angle Between Two Planes
H G
A
E F
D C Bottom
A B 3. Refer to the plane,
Diagram 3a AGH, identify the
points which
Diagram 3a shows a cuboid, touch the plane,
ABCDEFGH. Name the angle
between the plane, AGH and the ABCD and write it
plane, ABCD at the middle line.
29. ACTIVITY 5 : To Identified The Angle Between Two Planes
H G
H/G A
E F
D C Bottom
A 3. Refer to the plane,
B
Diagram 3a
AGH, identify the
point which does
Diagram 3a shows a cuboid,
not touch the
ABCDEFGH. Name the angle plane, ABCD and
between the plane, AGH and the write it at the first
plane, ABCD
line to the left.
30. ACTIVITY 5 : To Identified The Angle Between Two Planes
H G
H/G A
E Bottom
F
D C
5. Between the point H
and G, point which is
A B nearer to point A or
Diagram 3a
located on the same
plane as point A will
Diagram 3a shows a cuboid,
ABCDEFGH. Name the angle
be choosen. Point
between the plane, AGH and the which is not choosen
plane, ABCD will be earased.
31. ACTIVITY 5 : To Identified The Angle Between Two Planes
H G
H A
E Ke Bawah
F
D C
5. Between the point H
and G, point which is
A B nearer to point A or
Diagram 3a
located on the same
plane as point A will
Diagram 3a shows a cuboid,
ABCDEFGH. Name the angle
be choosen. Point
between the plane, AGH and the which is not choosen
plane, ABCD will be earased.
32. ACTIVITY 5 : To Identified The Angle Between Two Planes
H G
๏ H A D
E Bottom
F
D C
6. Identify the point
which is located at
A B the bottom of the
Diagram 3a point H ( )and
write it on the first
Diagram 3a shows a cuboid, line to the right.
ABCDEFGH. Name the angle
between the plane, AGH and the
plane, ABCD
33. ACTIVITY 5 : To Identified The Angle Between Two Planes
G
H
๏ H A D
E F
D C Bottom
A B
7. In the diagram 3a,
Diagram 3a complete the โ HAD
and mark the ๏ HAD
๏ Angle between the plane, AGH and the plane, ABCD
= ๏ HAD
34. EXAMPLE 3(b)
H 12cm
G
5cm
E F
D C
4cm
A B
Diagram 3b
Diagram 3b shows a cuboid with horizontal
rectangle base ABCD. Name the angle
between the plane ACH and the plane CDHG