Lightning is usually associated with thunderstorm and regarded as the most under-recognized weather hazard, often commanding little attention from the public and the media.
Lightning is an electrical discharge caused by imbalances between Storm clouds and the ground or within the clouds themselves. (Definition, Types, Causes, Distribution, Prediction)
https://www.cda.org.bd
Lightning is an electrical discharge caused by imbalances between Storm clouds and the ground or within the clouds themselves. (Definition, Types, Causes, Distribution, Prediction)
https://www.cda.org.bd
Earthquake and Bangladesh:
Overview of Earthquake
Earthquake in Bangladesh
Earthquake probability in Bangladesh
Causes of earthquake in Bangladesh
Earthquake risk in Dhaka
Effects of earthquake in Bangladesh
Earthquake risk mitigation in Bangladesh
Conclusion
Shaking of the earth caused by the sudden displacement of rock blocks along plate boundaries and faults.
Reasons can be natural or human activities. The most common scale used for measuring an earthquake is Richter Scale.
Earthquakes have secondary hazards like flood, landslides, fire, Tsunamis, Liquefaction etc.
Due to the subduction of the Philippine Sea plate beneath the Okinawa plate and Amurian plate, Japan has observed a series of several high-intensity earthquakes.
Death tolls from major event sighted as 255,000 at Tangshan in China 1976.
By its geographical position, Bangladesh is being treated as one very vulnerable country with its high risk of earthquake attack.
Bangladesh is located in a tectonically active much of the country including Chittagong, Sylhet, Dhaka, Rangpur, Bogra, Mymensingh, Comilla, Rajshahi are very much vulnerable to major earthquake disaster.
Bangladesh can be divided into three main earthquake zones:
Zone-1: Sylhet-Mymensingh is with the possible magnitude of 7 on Richter scale.
Zone-2: Chittagong-Comilla-Dhaka and Tangail are with the possible magnitude of 6 on Richter scale.
Zone-3: Rest of the country is with possible magnitude of 6 on Richter scale.
Effects of earthquake in Bangladesh:
Water supply failure as almost all the deep tube wells are run by power, and possible water line damage
Damage of roads and blockage of traffic due to falling of debris from collapsed buildings and other installations on or near roads.
Some of the hospital buildings may collapse killing a large number of inmates and stopping medical facilities for the disaster victims.
Some of the school building may collapse killing and injuring a large number of students
An after shock may cause further collapse of many of the already damaged buildings.
A few rescue equipment whatever is available, can not be operated due to the lack of guidance, availability of operators, some will be non-functional, some will be under the rubbles, some can not find access to rescue spots due to road blockage, etc.
One would be able to understand the following points from this Presentation -
- Basic Understanding of Climate and Climate Change
- Cause - Effects & its Remedies
- Impact of Climate Chnage on Various Businesses
- Actionable Remedies
- Water Conservation
Plus point - Some examples Also being shared.
Prepared By
Md. Arifuzzaman Arif,
MSc in Disaster Management,
Department of Geography and Environment,
University of Dhaka.
BSc in Forestry & Wood Technology Discipline,
Khulna University.
Floods have the greatest damage potential when compared to the other natural disasters, over the environment. Floods are also considered to be both social and economic disasters. This module highlights the details of floods as natural hazards.
Earthquake and Bangladesh:
Overview of Earthquake
Earthquake in Bangladesh
Earthquake probability in Bangladesh
Causes of earthquake in Bangladesh
Earthquake risk in Dhaka
Effects of earthquake in Bangladesh
Earthquake risk mitigation in Bangladesh
Conclusion
Shaking of the earth caused by the sudden displacement of rock blocks along plate boundaries and faults.
Reasons can be natural or human activities. The most common scale used for measuring an earthquake is Richter Scale.
Earthquakes have secondary hazards like flood, landslides, fire, Tsunamis, Liquefaction etc.
Due to the subduction of the Philippine Sea plate beneath the Okinawa plate and Amurian plate, Japan has observed a series of several high-intensity earthquakes.
Death tolls from major event sighted as 255,000 at Tangshan in China 1976.
By its geographical position, Bangladesh is being treated as one very vulnerable country with its high risk of earthquake attack.
Bangladesh is located in a tectonically active much of the country including Chittagong, Sylhet, Dhaka, Rangpur, Bogra, Mymensingh, Comilla, Rajshahi are very much vulnerable to major earthquake disaster.
Bangladesh can be divided into three main earthquake zones:
Zone-1: Sylhet-Mymensingh is with the possible magnitude of 7 on Richter scale.
Zone-2: Chittagong-Comilla-Dhaka and Tangail are with the possible magnitude of 6 on Richter scale.
Zone-3: Rest of the country is with possible magnitude of 6 on Richter scale.
Effects of earthquake in Bangladesh:
Water supply failure as almost all the deep tube wells are run by power, and possible water line damage
Damage of roads and blockage of traffic due to falling of debris from collapsed buildings and other installations on or near roads.
Some of the hospital buildings may collapse killing a large number of inmates and stopping medical facilities for the disaster victims.
Some of the school building may collapse killing and injuring a large number of students
An after shock may cause further collapse of many of the already damaged buildings.
A few rescue equipment whatever is available, can not be operated due to the lack of guidance, availability of operators, some will be non-functional, some will be under the rubbles, some can not find access to rescue spots due to road blockage, etc.
One would be able to understand the following points from this Presentation -
- Basic Understanding of Climate and Climate Change
- Cause - Effects & its Remedies
- Impact of Climate Chnage on Various Businesses
- Actionable Remedies
- Water Conservation
Plus point - Some examples Also being shared.
Prepared By
Md. Arifuzzaman Arif,
MSc in Disaster Management,
Department of Geography and Environment,
University of Dhaka.
BSc in Forestry & Wood Technology Discipline,
Khulna University.
Floods have the greatest damage potential when compared to the other natural disasters, over the environment. Floods are also considered to be both social and economic disasters. This module highlights the details of floods as natural hazards.
Most experts recommend that outdoor athletic events should be postponed when the thunderstorm approaches from a distance of six miles. The best way to gauge the distance of a thunderstorm is to measure the elapsed time from the flash to bang. Since a count of five seconds equals a distance of one mile, a count of thirty seconds equals a distance of six miles. In most cases, when you can hear thunder, you are no longer safe.
For more information and advice, kindly visit our Sports Insurance Website at http://sadlersports.com
Hi friends, I have created a small presentation on Air pressure and Wind systems chapter that also has some info on types of disasters and the precaution to be taken..... Hope this will be helpful to you all. Thank you
Lightning Safety Awareness Session by Osman GoniOsman Goni
Lightning Safety Awareness and Protective Measures in Bangladesh. This presentation covers the topics
Facts and Figures of lightning
Understanding Thunder-storm and Lightning
Lightning Safety Outdoors
Lightning Safety Indoors
Lightning Safety & Sport Activities
Medical Effects on Lightning Victims
Initiatives on Lightning Safety to Government and BDRCS
Plan and Protect yourself from Lightning Strikes
Lightning Safety Awareness by Osman GoniOsman Goni
This presentation on lightning safety awareness covers the topics-
Facts and Figures of lightning
Understanding Thunder-storm and Lightning
Lightning Safety Outdoors
Lightning Safety Indoors
Lightning Safety & Sport Activities
Medical Effects on Lightning Victims
Initiatives on Lightning Safety to Government and BDRCS
Plan and Protect yourself from Lightning Strikes
WRI’s brand new “Food Service Playbook for Promoting Sustainable Food Choices” gives food service operators the very latest strategies for creating dining environments that empower consumers to choose sustainable, plant-rich dishes. This research builds off our first guide for food service, now with industry experience and insights from nearly 350 academic trials.
UNDERSTANDING WHAT GREEN WASHING IS!.pdfJulietMogola
Many companies today use green washing to lure the public into thinking they are conserving the environment but in real sense they are doing more harm. There have been such several cases from very big companies here in Kenya and also globally. This ranges from various sectors from manufacturing and goes to consumer products. Educating people on greenwashing will enable people to make better choices based on their analysis and not on what they see on marketing sites.
Artificial Reefs by Kuddle Life Foundation - May 2024punit537210
Situated in Pondicherry, India, Kuddle Life Foundation is a charitable, non-profit and non-governmental organization (NGO) dedicated to improving the living standards of coastal communities and simultaneously placing a strong emphasis on the protection of marine ecosystems.
One of the key areas we work in is Artificial Reefs. This presentation captures our journey so far and our learnings. We hope you get as excited about marine conservation and artificial reefs as we are.
Please visit our website: https://kuddlelife.org
Our Instagram channel:
@kuddlelifefoundation
Our Linkedin Page:
https://www.linkedin.com/company/kuddlelifefoundation/
and write to us if you have any questions:
info@kuddlelife.org
Willie Nelson Net Worth: A Journey Through Music, Movies, and Business Venturesgreendigital
Willie Nelson is a name that resonates within the world of music and entertainment. Known for his unique voice, and masterful guitar skills. and an extraordinary career spanning several decades. Nelson has become a legend in the country music scene. But, his influence extends far beyond the realm of music. with ventures in acting, writing, activism, and business. This comprehensive article delves into Willie Nelson net worth. exploring the various facets of his career that have contributed to his large fortune.
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Introduction
Willie Nelson net worth is a testament to his enduring influence and success in many fields. Born on April 29, 1933, in Abbott, Texas. Nelson's journey from a humble beginning to becoming one of the most iconic figures in American music is nothing short of inspirational. His net worth, which estimated to be around $25 million as of 2024. reflects a career that is as diverse as it is prolific.
Early Life and Musical Beginnings
Humble Origins
Willie Hugh Nelson was born during the Great Depression. a time of significant economic hardship in the United States. Raised by his grandparents. Nelson found solace and inspiration in music from an early age. His grandmother taught him to play the guitar. setting the stage for what would become an illustrious career.
First Steps in Music
Nelson's initial foray into the music industry was fraught with challenges. He moved to Nashville, Tennessee, to pursue his dreams, but success did not come . Working as a songwriter, Nelson penned hits for other artists. which helped him gain a foothold in the competitive music scene. His songwriting skills contributed to his early earnings. laying the foundation for his net worth.
Rise to Stardom
Breakthrough Albums
The 1970s marked a turning point in Willie Nelson's career. His albums "Shotgun Willie" (1973), "Red Headed Stranger" (1975). and "Stardust" (1978) received critical acclaim and commercial success. These albums not only solidified his position in the country music genre. but also introduced his music to a broader audience. The success of these albums played a crucial role in boosting Willie Nelson net worth.
Iconic Songs
Willie Nelson net worth is also attributed to his extensive catalog of hit songs. Tracks like "Blue Eyes Crying in the Rain," "On the Road Again," and "Always on My Mind" have become timeless classics. These songs have not only earned Nelson large royalties but have also ensured his continued relevance in the music industry.
Acting and Film Career
Hollywood Ventures
In addition to his music career, Willie Nelson has also made a mark in Hollywood. His distinctive personality and on-screen presence have landed him roles in several films and television shows. Notable appearances include roles in "The Electric Horseman" (1979), "Honeysuckle Rose" (1980), and "Barbarosa" (1982). These acting gigs have added a significant amount to Willie Nelson net worth.
Television Appearances
Nelson's char
Diabetes is a rapidly and serious health problem in Pakistan. This chronic condition is associated with serious long-term complications, including higher risk of heart disease and stroke. Aggressive treatment of hypertension and hyperlipideamia can result in a substantial reduction in cardiovascular events in patients with diabetes 1. Consequently pharmacist-led diabetes cardiovascular risk (DCVR) clinics have been established in both primary and secondary care sites in NHS Lothian during the past five years. An audit of the pharmaceutical care delivery at the clinics was conducted in order to evaluate practice and to standardize the pharmacists’ documentation of outcomes. Pharmaceutical care issues (PCI) and patient details were collected both prospectively and retrospectively from three DCVR clinics. The PCI`s were categorized according to a triangularised system consisting of multiple categories. These were ‘checks’, ‘changes’ (‘change in drug therapy process’ and ‘change in drug therapy’), ‘drug therapy problems’ and ‘quality assurance descriptors’ (‘timer perspective’ and ‘degree of change’). A verified medication assessment tool (MAT) for patients with chronic cardiovascular disease was applied to the patients from one of the clinics. The tool was used to quantify PCI`s and pharmacist actions that were centered on implementing or enforcing clinical guideline standards. A database was developed to be used as an assessment tool and to standardize the documentation of achievement of outcomes. Feedback on the audit of the pharmaceutical care delivery and the database was received from the DCVR clinic pharmacist at a focus group meeting.
Natural farming @ Dr. Siddhartha S. Jena.pptxsidjena70
A brief about organic farming/ Natural farming/ Zero budget natural farming/ Subash Palekar Natural farming which keeps us and environment safe and healthy. Next gen Agricultural practices of chemical free farming.
Micro RNA genes and their likely influence in rice (Oryza sativa L.) dynamic ...Open Access Research Paper
Micro RNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs molecules having approximately 18-25 nucleotides, they are present in both plants and animals genomes. MiRNAs have diverse spatial expression patterns and regulate various developmental metabolisms, stress responses and other physiological processes. The dynamic gene expression playing major roles in phenotypic differences in organisms are believed to be controlled by miRNAs. Mutations in regions of regulatory factors, such as miRNA genes or transcription factors (TF) necessitated by dynamic environmental factors or pathogen infections, have tremendous effects on structure and expression of genes. The resultant novel gene products presents potential explanations for constant evolving desirable traits that have long been bred using conventional means, biotechnology or genetic engineering. Rice grain quality, yield, disease tolerance, climate-resilience and palatability properties are not exceptional to miRN Asmutations effects. There are new insights courtesy of high-throughput sequencing and improved proteomic techniques that organisms’ complexity and adaptations are highly contributed by miRNAs containing regulatory networks. This article aims to expound on how rice miRNAs could be driving evolution of traits and highlight the latest miRNA research progress. Moreover, the review accentuates miRNAs grey areas to be addressed and gives recommendations for further studies.
2. WHAT IS LIGHTNING?
• Lightning is a discharge of
electricity produced by a
thunderstorm
• Lightning is a powerful burst
of electricity that happens
very quickly during a
thunderstorm.
3. LIGHTNING
FACTS
The underrated weather
hazard
Lightning strikes usually last
around 2
microseconds(0.000002 sec)
(1/3rd of 300,000km/s).
Lightning contains millions of
volts of electricity (1,400kw/h)
The average temperature of
lightning is around 29982 °C (5x
Sun’s temp)
4. LIGHTNING FACTS cont’d
Lightning can strike very
long distances away from
the thunderstorm
If you can hear thunder,
then the thunderstorm is
close enough to be a danger
Lightning tries to reach
earth the fastest way it could
Lightning strikes
somewhere on the Earth
every second
5. LIGHTNING FACTS cont’d
Number of lightning strikes every second -
100
Number of lightning strikes per day - 8
Million
Number of VOLTS in a lightning flash - 30
million
Number of AMPS in a lightning flash -
between 10,000 and 200,000
The average lightning flash would light a 100
watt light bulb for 3 months.
7. General
Lightning is a serious and life-threatening
weather phenomenon, responsible for
multiple deaths, injuries and massive
property destruction throughout the United
States.
Unfortunately, lightning is also the most
under-recognized weather hazard, often
commanding little attention from the public
and the media.
There are some ten cloud-to-cloud
lightning's for each cloud-to-ground
lightning flash. Globally, some 2000 on-
going thunderstorms generate about 50-100
lightning strikes to earth per second.
8. Lightning Myths
Lightning never strikes the same place twice. (Lightning often strikes the same
place repeatedly, especially if it’s a tall, pointy, isolated object. The Empire
State Building is hit nearly 100 times a year.)
Rubber tires on a car protect you from lightning by insulating you from the
ground. (Most cars are safe from lightning, but it is the metal roof and metal
sides that protect you, NOT the rubber tires. Remember, convertibles,
motorcycles, bicycles, open-shelled outdoor recreational vehicles and cars
with fiberglass shells offer no protection from lightning. When lightning strikes
a vehicle, it goes through the metal frame into the ground. Don't lean on doors
during a thunderstorm.)
If outside in a thunderstorm, you should seek shelter under a tree to stay dry.
(Being underneath a tree is the second leading cause of lightning casualties.
Better to get wet than fried!)
If trapped outside and lightning is about to strike, I should lie flat on the
ground.
(Lying flat increases your chance of being affected by potentially deadly
ground current. If you are caught outside in a thunderstorm, you keep moving
toward a safe shelter.)
9. How do you Protect Yourself 1?
At the first sign of lightning or
thunder, seek shelter.
Good shelters are substantial
buildings or fully enclosed
metal vehicles.
We suggest you remain in
shelter for 30 minutes after the
last observed thunder or
lightning.
Proximity to water (eg. pool,
lake or sea) increases the risk
of being struck by lightning.
10. How do you Protect Yourself 2?
Always take cover in a building.
Do not stand under a tree or other tall
object that might serve as a lightning
rod.
Avoid standing on mountain
summits, ridges, rooftops, or other
high areas.
Avoid caves.
Avoid open water (pool, lake, or hot
tub).
Always avoid being the highest
object anywhere
11. How do you Protect Yourself 3?
Once inside your proper shelter, avoid contact
with any conducting path leading outside.
Don’t use the telephone
Stay away from electrical appliances
Keep away from plumbing.
Metal pipes, or plastic pipes
with water in them are conductors.
This includes swimming pools,
including indoor pools
For larger buildings, like schools, inner rooms are
better.
12. Facts
Victims of lightning do not retain the
charge and are not "electrified." It is safe
to help them.
Rubber shoes will not give you any
meaningful protection from lightning.
Lightning can strike in the same place
twice. Tall buildings and monuments are
frequently hit by lightning.
13. FACTS
A motor car with a metal top can offer you
some protection—but keep your hands from
the metal sides.
An umbrella can increase your chances of
being struck by lightning if it makes you the
tallest object in the area.
Always avoid being the highest object
anywhere—or taking shelter near or under the
highest object, including tall trees. Avoid being
near a lightning rod or standing near metal
objects such as a fence or underground pipes.
14. UNSAFE LOCATIONS
Avoid high places
Do NOT go underneath a tree to keep dry in
a thunderstorm
Remember, open areas are the #1 place for
lightning. That includes sports fields and
playgrounds.
Avoid isolated tall objects like trees, poles,
etc.
15. UNSAFE LOCATIONS
Beaches are especially dangerous
The worst possible combination would
be a tall isolated metal structure in a
wide open area
These open pavilions and rain shelters
such as at public parks and golf courses
offer nothing in the way of lightning
protection.
19. What If You Are Caught in a
Lighting Storm?
If you are caught in the open and lightning is nearby, the
safest position to be in is crouched down on the balls of your
feet.
Do not allow your hands (or other body parts) to touch the
ground, and keep your feet as close to one another as
possible. Why is it important to crouch down on the balls of
your feet.
The reason why is that when lightning strikes an object, the
electricity of the lightning discharge does not necessarily go
straight down into the ground.
Quite often the electricity will travel along the surface of the
ground for quite a large distance. This is know as a "side
flash". Many people who are "struck" by lightning are not hit
directly by the main lightning channel, but are affected by
the side flash as it travels along the surface of the ground
(this can be is especially true if the ground is wet).
By keeping the surface area of your body relative to the
ground to a minimum (that is, keep your feet together and
do not allow any other part of your body to contact the
ground [see picture below]), you can reduce the threat of the
electricity traveling across the ground from affecting you.
20. Symptoms of Lightning Injury
Immediate symptoms of Lightning Injury: Most victims experience only some of the
symptoms below.
Short-term memory
Problems coding new information and accessing old information
Problems Multitasking
Slower reaction time
Distractibility
Irritability
Personality change
Inattentive
Forgetfulness
Intense headaches
Ringing in the ears
Dizziness
Nausea and vomiting and other post-concussion types of symptoms
Difficulty sleeping, sometimes sleeping excessively at first and then only two or three
hours at a time
21. First Aid Cont.
It is relatively unusual for victims who survive a lightning strike to have major
fractures that would cause paralysis or major bleeding complications unless they have
suffered a fall or been thrown a distance.
As a result, in an active lightning storm, if the rescuers choose to expose themselves
to the lightning threat, it may be better to move the victim away from the area of risk
(such as under a tree, etc.) rather than to give medical attention at the spot of the
initial flash.
Rescuers are reminded to stay as low as possible and provide as little area to the
ground surface as possible.
If the victim is not breathing, provide mouth to mouth resuscitation . If the victim has
no pulse, (check for the pulse at the carotid [neck] or femoral [knee] artery for 20 -30
seconds). then start CPR.
If the area is cold and wet, putting a dry article of clothing between the victim and the
ground may decrease the threat of hypothermia that the victim suffers which can
complicate the resuscitation.