The document discusses different types of lighting used in architecture, including natural lighting from the sun and artificial lighting sources. It describes several types of architectural luminaires - soffits, valances, and coves - that are used to direct light downward or both upward and downward to provide wall washing and general lighting. Precautions for installing different luminaires and options for shielding lighting elements are also covered.

1.  Submitted By:
 PRERNA SHARMA
 II Year, IV Semester

3.  Light is all around us, and it increasingly affects
our daily lives.
 For example, we have started to carry personal
light sources around with our smartphones, & in
our homes many electrical machines now utilize
light to display information and simply to appear
more attractive.
 In a larger context, architecture and cities have
also developed a new dimension with the advent of
electrical lighting for work and entertainment.

4.  For appropriate lighting, the luminaires must
have optics, reflectors and lenses which
produce a wide range of lighting effects: from
very focused beams of light for small objects
or lighting details, to wall washer lighting
effects for evenly lighting walls and vertical
display surfaces.
 The introduction of LEDs throughout the
range of architectural lighting luminaires is a
response to the need to combine light quality
and energy efficiency. The LEDs are selected
from the best in the world to guarantee top
performance in terms of lifetime, unchanging
colour and energy efficiency.

6.  Natural Light
 Artificial Light

7.  The most important source of natural light is
the sun.
 The sun gives the earth light and energy.
 The moon and stars receive light from the
sun and reflects it to the earth.
 A firefly also produces light.

8.  Artificial light sources are categorized by the
technology used to produce the light. There's
dozens of sources, with a few common in
household applications and others more suitable
for industrial uses. The five most common light
sources are as follows:
 Incandescent lamp.
 Compact fluorescent lamp.
 Fluorescent tube.
 Discharge lamps.
 Light Emitting Diode (LED).

9.  Incandescent lamp  Compact fluorescent
lamp.

10.  Fluorescent tube  Discharge lamps.

11.  LED

12.  General Lighting
 Natural Lighting
 Local Lighting
 Task Lighting
 Accent Lighting
 Ambient Lighting
 Asthetic Lighting

13.  General Lighting: Lighting designed to provide
a uniform level of illumination.

14.  Natural Lighting. Sunlight, Candlelight and
Firelight. The quality of Sunlight will depend
on the time of the day and the season within
the year. Candlelight/ Firelight is light that
moves and is sometimes referred to as kinetic
light.

16.  Local Lighting: Lighting designed to provide a
relatively high level of illumination over a
small area, with a surrounding area of lower
intensity from spilled light.

18.  Task Lighting: Lighting designed to provide a
strong illumination for visually demanding
activities. It needs to be glare-free. Effective
task lighting enhances visual clarity and keeps
the eyes from getting tired

20.  Accent Lighting: Lighting that calls attention
or adds interest to a particular object or
unusual feature of interest in a room.
Highlight emphasizes illumination with a
strong light; backlight illuminates from
behind in order to embrace depth or to
separate the object from the background;
sidelights is light coming the side.

22.  Ambient Lighting: A hidden source of light
that washes the room with a glow. It flattens
an interior and creates very little shadow.

23.  Aesthetic Lighting. Lighting itself can be a
work of art. A neon sculpture would be purely
decorative and is an example of aesthetic
lighting.

26.  Architectural luminaires are built-in lighting
systems. A simple architectural luminaire
houses one or more inexpensive linear
fluorescent lamps. The luminaire mounts to
the ceiling or wall; a shielding board conceals
the lamps.

27.  There are a variety of ways to secure architectural
luminaires. Fastening a luminaire for linear
fluorescent lamps directly to the ceiling or wall
reduces the weight on the shielding board, which
can be attached to perpendicular walls using
angles, hinges, or wood blocking. For longer
shields or when luminaires are attached to the
shielding board, metal brackets or wood blocking
screwed or lag bolted to the rear wall support the
additional weight.
 Build the luminaires so that lamps can be
replaced without removing the shielding board.
 CAUTION - Architectural luminaires wash walls
and ceilings, highlighting finish imperfections
such as taping and sanding irregularities.

28.  Architectural luminaires that
direct light downward are
called soffits. Soffits wash
walls and provide general
lighting in rooms with low
ceilings. Soffits can be used
for direct lighting over a
counter or a table in many
work areas.
 Recessed soffits can be
installed between joists that
run parallel to the wall.
 In the given image, Bedroom
with soffit luminaire.

29.  Valances (architectural
luminaires that direct light
both upward and
downward) provide general
lighting and wall-washing.
The top of a valance can be
aligned with the tops of
windows and doors.
 In the given image, home
office with architectural
luminaires. A valance
luminaire is over the desk;
a soffit luminaire washes
the bookshelf.

30.  Coves are architectural luminaires
that direct light upward. Coves fit
well in rooms with high or vaulted
ceilings and above kitchen cabinets.
For best results the top of a cove
should be at least 18 inches from
the ceiling and its base at least 6
feet 8 inches from the floor. In
kitchens, install the cove right atop
the cabinet, although the clearance
often will be only 12 inches.
 In the given image, Kitchen with
cove luminaire above the cabinets
with a valance luminaire over the
sink and under-cabinet lighting
.

31.  Architectural luminaires can often be
left open above and below the
shielding board. Baffles, louvers, and
diffusers can eliminate most direct
views of the lamps from normal
viewing positions and landings
overlooking the room. Baffles are
parallel blades that come in different
sizes, finishes, and blade heights,
and spacings. One-inch-high white
blades separated by a 1-inch space
are usually appropriate. Baffles are
manufactured 6 inches to 10 inches
wide and 4 feet long.
 In the given image, Dinette with
baffled recessed troffer luminaire
containing linear fluorescent lamps.