Lichen nitidus
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This document summarizes information about lichen planus, a common skin condition. Lichen planus appears as clusters of flat-topped bumps that are the same color as or pinkish compared to the surrounding skin. It most often occurs on the chest, abdomen, arms, and genitals. While the initial cause is unknown, it involves inflammation controlled by immune cells. Lichen planus usually clears up on its own within a few months, but it may cause permanent skin discoloration and, rarely, increase cancer risk. Treatment options include corticosteroids, retinoids, or phototherapy prescribed by a doctor.
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Clinical patterns of adverse drug reactions ppt
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Also known as exfoliative dermatitis
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Increased skin perfusion leads to
Temperature dysregulation >
Resulting in skin loss and hypothermia >
High output state >
Cardiac failure
BMR raises to compensate for heat loss
Increased dehydration due to transpiration (similar to burns)
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Vitiligo is a skin condition characterized by loss of pigment cells called melanocytes, resulting in white patches of skin. It affects around 1% of the world's population and can appear at any age, though most commonly between 20-30 years old. The cause is unknown but may involve an autoimmune response or oxidative stress damaging melanocytes. Vitiligo is classified based on distribution of the white patches and can be localized, generalized, or total body coverage. While there is no cure, treatments can help repigmentation and protection from sun damage is important to prevent complications.
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Cutaneous drug reactions are adverse skin reactions caused by medications. They range from mild rashes to potentially life-threatening conditions like toxic epidermal necrolysis. Most cutaneous drug reactions are immune-mediated and occur within a few weeks of starting a medication. Management involves promptly withdrawing the offending drug, providing supportive care, and occasionally systemic corticosteroids for more severe reactions to prevent complications and mortality. The prognosis depends on the specific reaction, with most mild rashes resolving on their own while toxic epidermal necrolysis has a high mortality rate of around 50%.
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This document discusses the approach to erythema nodosum, a panniculitis condition presenting as subcutaneous nodules. It is most commonly caused by infections such as streptococcal infections or tuberculosis. The nodules typically appear on the shins and resolve within a few weeks. For chronic or recurrent cases, thorough investigation is needed to rule out underlying causes like sarcoidosis or inflammatory bowel disease. Treatment involves managing the triggering infection or condition with medications like NSAIDs, potassium iodide, or steroids. Biopsy may be needed to confirm the diagnosis. Prognosis is generally good if an underlying cause is identified and treated.
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This document summarizes several bullous diseases:
1. It describes the locations and characteristics of vesicles and bullae. Vesicles can form within or under the epidermis or between the dermis and epidermis.
2. It then focuses on three main immunobullous diseases - pemphigus, pemphigoid, and linear IgA bullous disease. Pemphigus is caused by antibodies against desmoglein proteins and features flaccid blisters. Pemphigoid features tense blisters caused by antibodies against basement membrane proteins. Linear IgA bullous disease clinically resembles pemphigoid.
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Erythroderma
Erythroderma is defined as the scaling erythematous dermatitis involving 90% or more of the cutaneous surface.
Also known as exfoliative dermatitis
Idiopathic exfoliative dermatitis – also known as the “red man syndrome”, is characterized by marked palmoplantar keratoderma, dermatopathic lymphadenopathy,increased IgE.
Increased skin perfusion leads to
Temperature dysregulation >
Resulting in skin loss and hypothermia >
High output state >
Cardiac failure
BMR raises to compensate for heat loss
Increased dehydration due to transpiration (similar to burns)
All lead to negative nitrogen balance and characterized by edema, hypoalbuminemia, loss of muscle mass.
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This document discusses seborrheic dermatitis, a chronic papulosquamous skin condition characterized by yellowish, waxy, branny scaling along areas with sebaceous glands like the scalp, face, and trunk. It commonly affects infants under 3 months of age and adults between 40-70 years old. While the exact cause is unknown, factors like sebum production, microbial effects of Malassezia fungi, and genetic and environmental factors may play a role. The document describes the various clinical presentations in infants and adults and treatments involving topical antifungals, corticosteroids, keratolytics, and systemic antifungals.
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This document discusses leukemias and provides information about leukemoid reactions. It defines a leukemoid reaction as a high white blood cell count with neutrophilia usually in response to infection, which can mimic chronic myelogenous leukemia or acute myeloid leukemia. The document notes that serum leukocyte alkaline phosphatase is normally elevated in leukemoid reactions, distinguishing it from CML where it is depressed. Features suggesting a leukemoid reaction rather than leukemia include toxic granulation, a high LAP score, and an obvious cause of the neutrophilia such as infection. The document provides several potential causes of leukemoid reactions and discusses methods for distinguishing leukemoid reactions from leukemia.
Vasculitis
Vasculitis refers to inflammation of blood vessels. It can present with a variety of clinical manifestations depending on the size of vessels involved. The Chapel Hill Consensus Conference created a classification system for major types of vasculitis including Wegener's granulomatosis, Churg-Strauss syndrome, and microscopic polyangiitis. Henoch-Schönlein purpura is the most common vasculitis in children, characterized by a vasculitis involving small vessels of the skin, GI tract, kidneys, joints, and rarely lungs and CNS, with IgA deposits in vessel walls. Granulomatosis with polyangiitis is a multisystem disease involving vasculitis of small to medium
Hidrosadenitis
Este documento describe la hidrosadenitis, una enfermedad crónica que causa abscesos dolorosos e infecciones recurrentes en las glándulas sudoríparas de las axilas e ingles. Se caracteriza por presentarse más comúnmente durante la pubertad y en climas cálidos, y ser causada principalmente por la bacteria Staphylococcus aureus. Sus síntomas incluyen abscesos profundos y dolorosos que a menudo forman fístulas, y su tratamiento implica medidas como antibióticos tópicos y sistémicos, así como
ITP by dr. Mohib Ali
A 17-year-old adolescent presented with easy bruising and a nosebleed. On examination, she had generalized petechiae and bruising. Blood tests found a low platelet count of 35 * 109 but normal-sized platelets. The diagnosis that best fits is immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) due to the clinical presentation of bruising and low platelet count with autoimmune destruction of platelets. ITP is an acquired autoimmune disorder causing immune-mediated platelet destruction and reduced platelet production. Treatment options include corticosteroids, IVIG, anti-D immunoglobulin, rituximab, thrombopoietin receptor agonists, or splenectomy.
Leukocytosis
Leukocytosis is an increased white blood cell count in the blood. There are five main types: neutrophilia, lymphocytosis, monocytosis, eosinophilia, and basophilia. Neutrophilia is most common and usually due to bacterial infection. Eosinophilia can be caused by allergic disorders, parasites, and some cancers. Lymphocytosis is seen with viral infections and lymphomas. Leukopenia and neutropenia involve decreased white blood cell and neutrophil counts respectively, increasing infection risk. Lymphoma involves abnormal lymphocyte proliferation. Leukemia includes acute and chronic forms, with acute being more aggressive and involving immature cells.
Leukocytosis. Leukopenia. Leukosis
Prepared By MD, PhD. Marta R. Gerasymchuk, pathophysiology department of Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University, Ukraine
For medical Students
Gyn Infections
This document discusses gynecological infections, including their symptoms, diagnostic approaches, and treatment options. It covers common infections like bacterial vaginosis, vulvovaginal candidiasis (yeast infection), trichomoniasis, atrophic vaginitis, herpes simplex virus, human papillomavirus, and gonorrhea. Diagnostic tests include cultures, smears, and exams. Treatments involve antibiotics, antifungals, and antivirals depending on the infection. Managing gynecological infections properly is important to prevent complications.
Herpe genital
El documento describe el herpes genital, una enfermedad de transmisión sexual causada por los virus del herpes simple tipo 1 y 2. La mayoría de los casos son causados por el tipo 2, que se transmite a través del contacto piel con piel durante el sexo. Los síntomas incluyen ampollas dolorosas y úlceras en los genitales, fiebre y dolor de cabeza. La prevención es difícil porque el virus puede transmitirse incluso antes de que aparezcan los síntomas.
Lupus Pernio
Lupus pernio is a specific cutaneous manifestation of sarcoidosis that presents as violaceous, indurated plaques on the ears, nose, cheeks, lips, hands and feet. It is more common in African Americans and women with longstanding pulmonary sarcoidosis. Histopathology shows noncaseating granulomas. Treatment involves potent topical steroids, intralesional steroids, or systemic steroids and immunosuppressants like methotrexate. Refractory cases may require TNF-alpha antagonists or thalidomide. Lupus pernio can indicate significant pulmonary involvement and has a chronic course, sometimes causing disfigurement.
Lichen planus
This document provides information on oral lichen planus (OLP), a chronic inflammatory mucocutaneous disease of unknown cause that commonly involves the oral mucosa. It discusses the epidemiology, etiology, pathogenesis, clinical features, diagnosis, and management of OLP. The disease is believed to be an immunologically-mediated process resulting from an abnormal T cell-mediated immune response against basal keratinocytes in the oral mucosa. Histological examination reveals characteristic features including hyperkeratosis, basal cell degeneration, and a dense subepithelial lymphocytic infiltrate.
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Cutaneous manifestations of internal malignancy and paraneoplastic syndromes
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3. Cellulitis
This document discusses cellulitis, a spreading skin infection caused by bacteria. It describes the typical symptoms of cellulitis like redness, swelling and pain. Common causes include injuries, diabetes, and low immunity. The document outlines treatments like antibiotics and rest. It also discusses other common skin conditions like itching, pain, discoloration, numbness and increased sensitivity. Prevention through education is mentioned.
Vitiligo
This document discusses the case of a 23-year-old male patient with white patches on his fingers and elbows. After taking the patient's history and conducting a physical exam, vitiligo was diagnosed. Vitiligo is defined as a disorder where white patches appear on the skin when melanin production stops. It has no known cause but may be related to genetic and immune factors. Vitiligo can be non-segmental, affecting large areas symmetrically, or segmental, appearing in one region. Treatments aim to reduce color contrast and include sunscreens, cosmetics, phototherapy, and depigmentation medications.
Vitiligo sadeghpour
Vitiligo is a skin condition where white patches appear on the skin due to the loss of pigment-producing cells. It can affect any area of the body and may be localized or widespread. The cause is unknown but is thought to involve genetic and autoimmune factors. Treatment aims to stop progression or restore pigmentation through sunscreens, topical steroids, phototherapy, or skin grafting. Prognosis is variable but stabilization or slow progression is most common.
Medicinal plants the conventional drugs.
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Presentation on Pityriasis Versicolor .pptx
Pityriasis versicolor is a common fungal infection of the skin caused by Malassezia furfur. It presents with hypo-pigmented or hyper-pigmented macules and patches on the chest and back. Diagnosis can be confirmed with potassium hydroxide examination of skin scrapings or Wood's lamp examination. Treatment involves topical or oral antifungal agents like selenium sulfide, ketoconazole or fluconazole. Recurrence is common so lifestyle changes and prophylactic treatment may help reduce relapse.
Dermatology Atlas
1) Keloid and hypertrophic scars differ in that keloids grow beyond the boundaries of the original wound while hypertrophic scars remain within the boundaries and eventually regress.
2) Second degree burns extend into the deeper dermal layers and can cause blistering and moderate pain due to damage of some nerve endings, while third degree burns reach the subcutaneous fat and cause minimal pain as most nerve endings have been destroyed.
3) Venous ulcers on the legs indicate severe venous insufficiency and are the most common type of leg ulcer, affecting around 80% of cases. They are associated with signs of venous stasis such as hemosiderin deposition, telangiectasia,
How to Treat Hyperpigmentation
The key to effectively treating hyperpigmentation is finding the right product for your sensetive skin. Visit askderm.com to find products that will leave you feling like new!
SKIN SWELINGS upload.pptx
This document discusses various types of skin swellings and lumps. It defines swelling and lumps, and discusses examining factors like size, shape, and skin characteristics. Common superficial causes of lumps are then outlined, including sebaceous cysts, lipomas, and neurofibromas. Diagnosis is usually clinical based on appearance. Treatment options are provided for each condition, often involving surgical removal if causing symptoms. Malignant growths like basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma are also summarized, providing characteristics, risk factors, diagnostic approaches, and treatment options.
Melasma
Skin disease characterized by brown patches in the face occur during using OCPs, pregnancy and exposure to sunlight.
Skin disorders-physiotherapy
The document discusses several skin conditions and the role of physiotherapy in treating them. It describes conditions like acne, alopecia, psoriasis, vitiligo, and hyperhidrosis. For each condition, it discusses symptoms, types, potential causes, and treatment options including medications, phototherapy, and physiotherapy techniques. Physiotherapy can include ultraviolet radiation therapy, exercises to improve joint mobility and circulation, maintaining skin integrity and hygiene, and reducing friction. Ultraviolet radiation is used to treat several dermatological conditions like psoriasis and increase vitamin D production.
Fwd: Skin Cancer (Cormac Joyce)
---------- Forwarded message ----------
From: UCD Graduate '09 None <ucdgrad09@gmail.com>
Date: 2009/2/25
Subject: Skin Cancer (Cormac Joyce)
To: ucdgrad09@gmail.com
Cancer derma
This document discusses common dermatological side effects from cancer treatments like chemotherapy and radiation therapy. It provides information on managing common skin issues such as dry skin, itchy skin, hyperpigmentation, photosensitivity, radiation recall rash, pressure sores, sweating, acne-like eruptions, and nail changes. Specific drugs that can cause each side effect are identified. General skin care recommendations during cancer treatment focus on moisturizing to prevent dry skin, protecting from sun exposure, and treating infected nails.
Medical Term Presentation 2
Dermatofibroma is a benign skin growth that is most common on the legs. It is caused by minor injuries or insect bites and occurs more often in women and middle-aged adults. Symptoms include a raised growth under the skin that can vary in size and may bleed if damaged. Treatment options include surgical removal, freezing, or ignoring it if it does not cause problems. Onycholysis is the loosening or detachment of a nail from the nail bed, usually starting at the edges. It can be caused by infections, nail fungus, drug reactions, or underlying medical conditions. Symptoms include nail discoloration and separation from the nail bed. Treatment focuses on identifying and addressing the underlying cause.
Lichen planus
Lichen planus is a chronic autoimmune disease that affects the skin and mucous membranes. It is characterized by pruritic polygonal papules and plaques that are flat topped and violaceous. The disease commonly affects middle aged women more than men. Oral lichen planus presents as white lacy lesions inside the mouth, while skin lesions typically occur on the wrists and legs. Treatment focuses on reducing symptoms through topical corticosteroids and immunosuppressants. While usually self-limiting, oral lichen planus poses a small risk of malignant transformation over the long term.
Skin and Hair clinic in Pune
Hyperpigmentation refers to the darkening or discoloration of patches of skin due to the overproduction or accumulation of melanin, the pigment responsible for skin color. It is a common dermatological condition that can affect people of all skin types and tones. Hyperpigmentation can be caused by various factors, including sun exposure, hormonal changes, aging, inflammation, and certain medical conditions. These darkened patches can appear on different areas of the body, such as the face, hands, arms, or legs, and can vary in size and intensity. While hyperpigmentation is generally harmless, it can be a source of cosmetic concern for many individuals, prompting them to seek treatment options for a more even and uniform skin tone.
Integumentary disorders
This document provides information on various skin conditions and disorders. It describes conditions like acne, athlete's foot, burns of varying degrees, dermatitis, eczema, herpes, impetigo, psoriasis, ringworm, scabies, and several types of skin cancer. It also defines different types of skin lesions like macules, vesicles, pustules, and papules. Treatments are mentioned for many of the conditions.
R3 derm jeopardy q&a
Advanced dermatology jeopardy orientation for family medicine residents (with gameshow in other slides)
Identify the most common lesions seen in primary care practice
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Presentation 3.pptx by yvette gham
This presentation discusses various terms related to the skin, nails, and skin conditions. It defines terms using Greek and Latin combining forms including: dermatitis (inflammation of the skin), dermatosis (abnormal skin condition), dermatologist (skin specialist), dermatology (study of skin), melanoma (black tumor), melanocyte (black cell), ichthyoderma (scaly skin), leukoderma (white skin), erythroderma (red skin), onychomalacia (softening of the nail), paronychia (nail infection), and onychectomy (nail removal). It then provides more detail on melanoma, including causes like genetics and UV radiation. Diagnosis
Vitiligo, Pityriasis rosea, Discoid lupus erythematosus, erythema multiforme
Here are the answers to your test:
1. C - Herald patch
2. D - All of the above
3. B - False
4. A - Melanocytes
5. B - False
6. Erythema multiforme - It describes the target or iris-like lesions.
7. Discoid lupus erythematosus - It is a chronic autoimmune disease affecting the skin.
8. Malar rash - It is a butterfly-shaped rash across the cheeks and nose seen in systemic lupus erythematosus.
9. Systemic lupus erythematosus - It is an autoimmune disease that can
Archer Dermatology USMLE step 3
This document provides information on various dermatological conditions including:
- Pityriasis versicolor, describing presentation, diagnosis via KOH mount, and treatment with selenium sulfide or ketoconazole.
- Acne vulgaris, outlining exacerbating factors to avoid and medical management approaches for moderate and severe cases including topical and oral medications. Details are given on isotretinoin use and monitoring.
- Rosacea, defining diagnostic criteria and stages, differential diagnosis, and treatment approaches including lifestyle modifications and topical or oral antibiotics.
- Vitiligo, alopecia areata, scabies, lichen planus, and psoriasis, briefly covering presentation, diagnosis
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Lichen nitidus
- 2. Appears as clusters of bumps Size: range in size from pinpoint to pinhead Flat topped and round Same color as skin or pinkish Commonly occur on chest, abdomen, arms, and genital areas In rare cases, they may itch
- 3. A medical diagnosis is required by a primary doctor or physician This is the only way to receive treatment Different forms: Annular, linear, hypertrophic, atrophic, bullous, ulcerative, pigmented
- 4. Initial causes: unknown Papules that appear are result of inflammation Controlled by white blood cells called T lymphocytes Cells usually active by site of disease or injury
- 5. Usually clears up on its own after a few months Doctor may prescribe one of the following Corticosteroids : will decrease inflammation but has major side effects Retinoid: synthetic version of vitamin A that can be a topical or oral treatment Phototherapy: type of light therapy
- 6. Could go away eventually If it does go away: May be permanent browning or graying of skin Darker the patients skin the more noticeable Persistent skin lesions and mouth ulcers may slightly raise the risk of developing cancer (rare)
- 7. Nordqvist, Christian. "What Is Lichen Planus? What Causes Lichen Planus?" Medical News Today. MediLexicon International, 08 Apr. 2010. Web. 30 Sept. 2013. Staff, Mayo Clinic. "Definition." Mayo Clinic. Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research, 20 Nov. 2012. Web. 30 Sept. 2013. "Lichen Nitidus ." Lichen Nitidus. N.p., n.d. Web. 30 Sept. 2013. "DermNet NZ." Lichen Nitidus. N.p., n.d. Web. 30 Sept. 2013.