Leukocytoclastic vasculitis
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A 65-year-old female presented with a purpuric rash on her extremities and trunk. She had been taking dexibuprofen for 2 months to treat polyarthrosis. The rash progressed and spread over her body, with some lesions becoming blistered or ulcerated. Blood tests showed increased acute phase reactants. Skin biopsy found small vessels surrounded by neutrophils and nuclear debris, consistent with leukocytoclastic vasculitis. Treatment with prednisone improved the vasculitis lesions. The case report associates the development of cutaneous leukocytoclastic vasculitis with the patient's use of dexibuprofen.
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- He was diagnosed with erythrodermic psoriasis based on his history of psoriasis, presentation of widespread redness and scaling, and physical examination findings. Erythrodermic psoriasis is a potentially life-threatening exacerbation of psoriasis involving over 90% of the skin surface.
Graves Disease
Graves' disease, also known as toxic diffuse goiter, is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism in the United States.
Hyperthyroidism is a disorder that occurs when the thyroid gland makes more thyroid hormone than the body needs.
Graves’ disease (An autoimmune Disease)
Graves' disease is an autoimmune disease where the immune system attacks the thyroid gland, causing it to produce too much thyroxine. Some common symptoms include anxiety, eye irritation, increased sweating, and weight loss. The disease is triggered by antibodies that stimulate thyroid cells to overproduce hormones. Treatments include antithyroid medications, radioactive iodine, or surgery to destroy the thyroid gland, followed by thyroid hormone replacement medication. Eye problems related to Graves' disease may also require additional treatments.
Acute pain management
Acute pain management involves classifying pain and identifying its underlying cause. Treatment options include nonopioid medications like acetaminophen and NSAIDs, opioids, and adjuvant analgesics. Opioids are effective for moderate to severe acute pain but can cause adverse effects like respiratory depression, nausea, and constipation. Adjuvant analgesics like gabapentin, pregabalin, and ketamine may enhance opioid analgesia and reduce opioid requirements and side effects. Close monitoring is important when using opioids to manage acute pain.
Pneumonia Diagnosis and treatment
Pneumonia is an inflammatory lung condition caused by infection, usually bacterial or viral. It is characterized by consolidation of the lungs due to inflammatory exudate, bacteria, and white blood cells filling the alveoli. Pneumonia can be classified as lobar or bronchopneumonia based on location in the lungs and as community-acquired or hospital-acquired based on where infection was contracted. Treatment involves use of antibiotics to eradicate the infecting organism as well as supportive care like oxygen supplementation. Antibiotic selection is based on suspected pathogen, patient age and health status, and severity of illness.
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Case report. Wooly hair associated with nevoid hypermelanosis
Case report. Wooly hair associated with nevoid hypermelanosis
Case presentation in Dermatology erythrodermic psoriasis
Case presentation in Dermatology erythrodermic psoriasis
Similar to Leukocytoclastic vasculitis
Abstract as sent
A 75-year-old man presented with a bleeding skin lesion on his forehead that had been intermittent for 4 months. He also reported enlarged lymph nodes in his axilla and neck for 1 month. Blood tests showed lymphocytosis and involvement of lymphocytes in a skin biopsy. A lymph node biopsy showed involvement by chronic lymphocytic leukemia. The skin findings were interpreted as an exaggerated reaction to an insect bite in the context of the patient's chronic lymphocytic leukemia. The patient was started on treatment with fludarabine and had a good clinical course.
Medical Microbiology Case discussions
The document contains 9 multiple choice questions and 3 case discussions about various bacterial infections. The MCQs cover topics like Gram staining procedure, pathogenicity of unencapsulated bacteria, antigenic variation in bacterial components, location of beta-lactamases, substances that allow hospital-acquired bacteria to stick to devices, lysozyme's target, characteristics of bacterial spores, and reasons for bacterial anaerobiosis. The case discussions describe cases of staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome, carbuncle infection, and group A streptococcal pyoderma.
PPT JURNAL ANDI AMALIA.pptx
1) A 1-month-old infant presented with reticulated purpura on the soles of both feet, more prominent on the left foot. A skin biopsy found dilated dermal blood vessels and red blood cell extravasation. Immunohistochemistry detected SARS-CoV-2 spike protein in the endothelial cells of dermal blood vessels and eccrine glands.
2) Though PCR tests of nasopharyngeal swabs were negative for SARS-CoV-2, the skin findings along with positive immunohistochemistry results strongly suggested the lesions were related to COVID-19.
3) The purpuric lesions resolved spontaneously after two weeks without treatment. This case suggests that COVID-19 can cause acral
Roma2008 llc
A 75-year-old man presented with a bleeding skin lesion on his forehead and enlarged lymph nodes in his neck and armpits for 4 months. Blood tests showed lymphocytosis and elevated markers consistent with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Biopsies of an enlarged lymph node and the skin lesion found involvement by CLL cells. The skin lesion was thought to be an exaggerated reaction to an insect bite in the context of the patient's CLL. He was started on oral fludarabine and is being followed as an outpatient for CLL.
Medcrave - Necrotizing clostridial soft tissue infection
IVIG: Intravenous Immunoglobulin; NSTIs: Necrotizing Soft
Tissue Infections; COPD: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease; CVP: Central Venous Pressure
Acute pancreatitis case discussion
This document discusses three case studies of patients presenting with acute pancreatitis and its complications:
Case 1 involves a 56-year-old man with severe acute pancreatitis, respiratory failure, and multiple organ dysfunction. CT reveals pancreatic necrosis. Intensive care support is needed.
Case 2 involves a 61-year-old man whose acute pancreatitis is complicated by infection of pancreatic necrosis from bile duct stones. Surgery is eventually needed to debride necrotic tissue.
Case 3 involves a 45-year-old man whose acute pancreatitis is complicated by a pancreatic rupture and collection. Percutaneous drainage is initially done but surgery is later needed to drain solid necrotic debris from the collection. He develops a
Scientifi c Journal of Clinical Research in Dermatology
Scientifi c Journal of Clinical Research in DermatologySciRes Literature LLC. | Open Access Journals
This case report describes an immunocompetent 30-year-old male patient who presented with widespread painful skin lesions and uveitis of the right eye. Laboratory tests initially were negative for syphilis but later tested positive, confirming the diagnosis of early malignant syphilis. Malignant syphilis is an uncommon form of secondary syphilis typically seen in immunocompromised individuals. However, this report describes the second known case of an immunocompetent patient presenting with both skin and ocular involvement. The patient was treated with intravenous ceftriaxone for 14 days and experienced an excellent clinical response.Scientifi c Journal of Clinical Research in Dermatology
Scientifi c Journal of Clinical Research in DermatologySciRes Literature LLC. | Open Access Journals
Introduction: malignant syphilis is an uncommon form of secondary syphilis.This presentation usually occurs in immunocompromised patients, especially in those ones infected by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). However, it is known that it might exceptionally affect individuals with normal immune response.Post Dengue Choroiditis: Case Report
This case report describes a 32-year old male who presented with sudden loss of vision in both eyes preceded by fever, malaise, and headache. Ophthalmic examination revealed multiple foci of retinochoroiditis and retinal hemorrhages in both eyes. Serologic testing confirmed elevated antibodies for dengue virus. The patient was treated with steroids and his vision improved after 3 months. This report discusses dengue-related ocular complications as under-reported manifestations that can present as inflammatory maculopathy with focal retinochoroiditis and hemorrhages.
Previous year question on lichen planus based on neet pg, usmle, plab and fmg...
A 5-year-old male child presented with multiple hyperpigmented macules over the trunk. When rubbed with a pen, he developed a urticarial wheal confined to the border of the lesions. The most likely diagnosis is urticaria pigmentosa, which is caused by an increase in dermal mast cells and presents in children as brownish papules and plaques over the body that become urticated upon rubbing.
Previous year question on lichen planus based on neet pg, usmle, plab and fmg...
Revision with a Master Quiz of 29 questions based on NEET PG Sample Questions on Lichen Planus from Previous Year NEET PG Online Exams.
Meninigitis
Meningitis in Intensive care medicine. Data is collected from Harrison 19th edition, recently published papers, Cochrane review, and google search.
Subcutaneous Epstein-Barr Virus–Positive Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma Follow...
Subcutaneous Epstein-Barr Virus–Positive Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma Follow...ANALYTICAL AND QUANTITATIVE CYTOPATHOLOGY AND HISTOPATHOLOGY
BACKGROUND: Sequential Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)–positive B cell lymphoma to the initial diagnosis of angioimmunoblastic T cell lymphoma (AITL) is very rare, the exact mechanism and standard therapy of which is still being explored. CASE: A 50-year-old man was admitted to our hospital in January 2014 with a three-week history of enlargement of multiple lymph nodes. His initial pathological evaluation indicated AILT. The reactivation of EBV was observed during the immunosuppression therapy for AITL, accompanied by onset of subcutaneous nodules proven to be EBV-positive diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) based on the pathological findings of rebiopsy. The patient was successfully treated with chidamide, a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, and rituximab.
Conclusion: The sufficient surveillance for serum EBV and repeat biopsy is necessary for patients with AITL, and this treatment modality may become an active option.
Keywords: angioimmunoblastic T cell lymphoma, Epstein-Barr virus, HDAC inhibitor, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, peripheral T cell lymphomaBowel Perforation in COVID-19 Patient Treated With Dexamethasone
The treatment and management for COVID-19 continues to evolve as we have gained more experience with infected patients over the past year of this pandemic. The goal of the medical team is to optimize the care and balance the risk and benefits of each intervention and treatment. Currently, guidelines include starting dexamethasone therapy for patients requiring supplemental oxygen or mechanical ventilation. However, each treatment and intervention comes with risks. Here, we discuss the case of a 76-year old male who presented to the ED with dyspnea and cough after being diagnosed with COVID-19 three days prior.
Persistent Eosinophilia After DRESS Syndrome
Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS)
is a rare, potentially life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction that
may occur during treatment with various drugs. This report describes the case of a 57-year-old woman whose DRESS syndrome
was successfully treated in our department. Because of the persistence of eosinophilia, we set up a diagnostic pathway to better
frame it. As a result, we detected an unknown clear cell renal cancer which was then operated and led to the complete resolution of
the eosinophilia.
Persistent Eosinophilia After DRESS Syndrome
Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) is a rare, potentially life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction that may occur during treatment with various drugs. This report describes the case of a 57-year-old woman whose DRESS syndrome was successfully treated in our department. Because of the persistence of eosinophilia, we set up a diagnostic pathway to better frame it. As a result, we detected an unknown clear cell renal cancer which was then operated and led to the complete resolution of the eosinophilia.
Waterhouse-Friderichsen Syndrome
The document describes Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome (WFS), which is defined as adrenal gland failure caused by hemorrhaging into the adrenal glands due to severe bacterial infection, most commonly by Neisseria meningitidis bacteria. WFS is characterized by petechial rashes, fever, septic shock, and disseminated intravascular coagulation. It typically affects infants and children under 10 years old. Treatment involves antibiotics, adrenal hormone replacement, and managing shock. Two case studies are presented of patients who died from WFS caused by group A streptococcus and Streptococcus pneumoniae respectively.
Cutaneous manifestaions of covid-19
Although COVID-19 is best known for causing fever and respiratory symptoms,
it has been reported to be associated also with different extrapulmonary manifestations,
including dermatological signs.
In this document i explained the dermatological manifestations of covid-19
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
This document discusses systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), a complex autoimmune disorder with multifactorial origins. It causes activation of T and B cells leading to autoantibody production. The pathogenesis involves genetic, hormonal and environmental factors interacting to cause immune dysregulation and failure of self-tolerance. SLE can affect many organ systems and presents with a variety of clinical manifestations involving the skin, kidneys, joints, blood, and more. Diagnosis is based on identifying 4 out of 11 diagnostic criteria. Investigations help assess disease activity and organ involvement. Treatment involves immunosuppression with corticosteroids and other drugs depending on disease severity and organ involvement.
Omphalitis 2
This document describes a case of omphalitis, an infection of the umbilical stump, in a 7-day-old male infant. The infant presented with fever, yellowish umbilical discharge, and hypoactivity. Laboratory tests showed elevated white blood cell count and C-reactive protein. The infant was diagnosed with omphalitis and sepsis and started on intravenous antibiotics and supportive care. Omphalitis is a potentially serious infection in neonates that requires prompt treatment with antibiotics and sometimes surgery.
Similar to Leukocytoclastic vasculitis (20)
Medcrave - Necrotizing clostridial soft tissue infection
Medcrave - Necrotizing clostridial soft tissue infection
Scientifi c Journal of Clinical Research in Dermatology
Scientifi c Journal of Clinical Research in Dermatology
Scientifi c Journal of Clinical Research in Dermatology
Scientifi c Journal of Clinical Research in Dermatology
Previous year question on lichen planus based on neet pg, usmle, plab and fmg...
Previous year question on lichen planus based on neet pg, usmle, plab and fmg...
Previous year question on lichen planus based on neet pg, usmle, plab and fmg...
Previous year question on lichen planus based on neet pg, usmle, plab and fmg...
Subcutaneous Epstein-Barr Virus–Positive Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma Follow...
Subcutaneous Epstein-Barr Virus–Positive Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma Follow...
Bowel Perforation in COVID-19 Patient Treated With Dexamethasone
Bowel Perforation in COVID-19 Patient Treated With Dexamethasone
More from Dr. Peral www.dermaperal.com
Lesion on the back 2013
A 45-year-old woman was referred to a dermatologist for evaluation of a pigmented lesion on her back that had been present for 1 year. The dermatologist examined the lesion and made a diagnosis.
Basal cell carcinoma. dermoscopy
A 75-year-old woman was referred for assessment of a facial lesion that had been present for 1 year. Dermoscopy of the lesion revealed an absence of pigment network, linear and branching red blood vessels, ulceration, and multiple blue-gray globules, which are features characteristic of basal cell carcinoma.
Lesion on the cheek
A 75-year-old woman was referred to a dermatologist for evaluation of a lesion on her cheek that had been present for 1 year. After examination, including dermoscopy, the dermatologist diagnosed it as a skin lesion on the patient's cheek.
Lesion cheek
A 70-year-old man was referred to a dermatologist for evaluation of a pigmented lesion on his cheek that had been present for 6 years. The dermatologist examined the lesion and determined it was a benign pigmented lesion with no signs of malignancy or need for further treatment.
Acrokeratosis verruciformis
A 60-year-old woman was referred for assessment of lesions on her hands that had been present for 20 years. Skin biopsy showed mild acanthosis with slight papillomatosis and hyperkeratosis at the lesion edges. Acrokeratosis verruciformis of Hopf is an autosomal dominant genodermatosis characterized by multiple, symmetrical, skin-colored, wart-like lesions on the hands and feet that are usually present from birth.
Lesions on the hands
A 60-year-old woman presented with lesions on her hands that had been present for 20 years. A skin biopsy showed mild thickening of the epidermis, thickening and scaling of the skin surface, and inflammatory cells in the dermis surrounding blood vessels. The diagnosis was seborrheic keratosis based on the histological examination findings.
Hidrocystoma apocrine
A 35-year-old woman was referred for assessment of lesions on her face that had been present for 3 years. Apocrine hidrocystomas are benign cystic skin growths of apocrine gland origin that typically appear as solitary, translucent skin-colored or bluish nodules, commonly located on the face. Histological examination revealed cystic spaces in the dermis with papillary projections, characteristic of apocrine hidrocystomas.
Lesion on the face
A 35-year-old woman was referred to a dermatologist for evaluation of facial lesions that had been present for 3 years. A biopsy was performed and histological examination revealed the diagnosis to be rosacea, a chronic inflammatory skin condition that mainly affects the face.
Seborrheic kertaosis
A 65-year-old man was referred for assessment of a 10-year-old lesion on his head. Dermoscopy showed a sharply demarcated lesion with a moth-eaten border and irregular crypts resembling a brain-like appearance with fissures and ridges. Within the lesion, networklike structures were seen that differed from a classic pigment network in melanocytic lesions by being larger with hyperpigmented lines that abruptly ended at the periphery.
Lesion on the head
A 65-year-old man was referred to a dermatologist for evaluation of a pigmented lesion on his head that had been present for 10 years. After examination with dermoscopy, the dermatologist diagnosed the lesion.
Lesion on the back 2012
A 65-year-old woman was referred to a dermatologist for evaluation of a pigmented lesion on her back that had been present for 6 years. The dermatologist examined the lesion and determined it was a congenital birthmark that had been on the woman's back since birth.
Spitz nevus
A 35-year-old woman was referred for assessment of a lesion on her right leg that had been present for 3 years. Dermoscopy revealed a vascular pattern with peripheral dot vessels. Pathology confirmed the lesion was a Spitz nevus. Spitz nevi can present as evolving lesions in various colors and patterns including globular, starburst, reticular, or homogeneous under dermoscopy. They may also display an atypical pattern or vascular pattern with dotted vessels, as was seen in this case.
Lesion on the leg.
A 35-year-old woman was referred to a dermatologist for evaluation of a lesion on her right leg that had been present for 3 years. Based on the limited information provided, the dermatologist cannot make a definitive diagnosis about the lesion.
Extradigital tumour glomus
A 45-year-old man presented with a painful 1 cm round reddish papule on his right leg that had been present for 3 months. A biopsy showed a well-circumscribed dermal tumor consisting of sheets of pale cells with punched-out nuclei surrounding dilated vascular spaces, consistent with an extradigital glomus tumor. Extradigital glomus tumors are a subtype of glomus tumors that can develop in the dermis and subcutaneous tissue outside of the digits, and are typically excised for diagnosis and treatment.
Fixed drug eruption
A 38-year-old man developed a lesion on his palm 3 days after taking ibuprofen. He had experienced two similar episodes previously in relation to taking ibuprofen. The man was referred to a dermatologist to assess the palm lesion, which appeared to be a fixed drug eruption caused by his use of the drug ibuprofen.
Imiquimod
A 50-year-old woman was referred to a dermatologist for assessment of a lesion on her nose that had been present for 1 year. A biopsy confirmed it was a superficial basal cell carcinoma. She was treated with imiquimod 5% cream applied 5 times per week, which caused mild side effects after 2 weeks but cleared the lesion completely after 4 weeks of treatment.
Imiquimod
A 50-year-old woman was referred to a dermatology department for assessment of a lesion on her nose that had been present for 1 year. A biopsy confirmed it was a superficial basal cell carcinoma. She was treated with imiquimod 5% cream applied 5 times per week for 6 weeks. After 2 weeks of treatment, she developed mild erythema, crusting, and burning sensation at the site.
Pinkus
A 47-year-old man was referred for assessment of two lesions on his right gluteal and lower back that had been present for 3 years. The lesion was excised and histopathological examination revealed features consistent with fibroepithelioma of Pinkus (FEP). FEP is an uncommon variant of basal cell carcinoma first described by Hermann Pinkus in 1953. It presents as a single or multiple dome-shaped papules or large pedunculated tumors that can be pink, yellow, brown, or skin colored. Treatment options for FEP are similar to those for basal cell carcinoma.
Keratoacanthoma. spontaneous regresion
A 70-year-old woman was referred to a dermatologist for evaluation of a lesion on her forehead that had developed over the previous 4 weeks. A biopsy confirmed it was a keratoacanthoma. The patient did not attend her scheduled surgical treatment. When she returned 3 months later, the lesion had completely regressed, leaving only a scar. Keratoacanthomas are rapidly growing skin tumors that may occur as single or multiple lesions. They typically stop growing after 6-8 weeks, remain unchanged for 2-6 more weeks, then slowly regress over 2-12 months, often healing with scarring.
Extragenital lichen answer
A 50-year-old woman presented with hypopigmented, atrophic plaques on her abdomen and inframammary area. A biopsy showed features consistent with lichen sclerosus. Laboratory tests were normal. She was diagnosed with extragenital lichen sclerosus. Extragenital lichen sclerosus most often affects the abdomen and treatment typically involves topical corticosteroids, which resolved the lesions in this patient.
More from Dr. Peral www.dermaperal.com (20)
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PGx Analysis in VarSeq: A User’s Perspective
Since our release of the PGx capabilities in VarSeq, we’ve had a few months to gather some insights from various use cases. Some users approach PGx workflows by means of array genotyping or what seems to be a growing trend of adding the star allele calling to the existing NGS pipeline for whole genome data. Luckily, both approaches are supported with the VarSeq software platform. The genotyping method being used will also dictate what the scope of the tertiary analysis will be. For example, are your PGx reports a standalone pipeline or would your lab’s goal be to handle a dual-purpose workflow and report on PGx + Diagnostic findings.
The purpose of this webcast is to:
Discuss and demonstrate the approaches with array and NGS genotyping methods for star allele calling to prep for downstream analysis.
Following genotyping, explore alternative tertiary workflow concepts in VarSeq to handle PGx reporting.
Moreover, we will include insights users will need to consider when validating their PGx workflow for all possible star alleles and options you have for automating your PGx analysis for large number of samples. Please join us for a session dedicated to the application of star allele genotyping and subsequent PGx workflows in our VarSeq software.
Allopurinol (Anti-gout drug).pptx
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Public Health Lecture 4 Social Sciences and Public Health
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Storyboard on Skin- Innovative Learning (M-pharm) 2nd sem. (Cosmetics)
Skin is the largest organ of the human body, serving crucial functions that include protection, sensation, regulation, and synthesis. Structurally, it consists of three main layers: the epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis (subcutaneous layer).
1. **Epidermis**: The outermost layer primarily composed of epithelial cells called keratinocytes. It provides a protective barrier against environmental factors, pathogens, and UV radiation.
2. **Dermis**: Located beneath the epidermis, the dermis contains connective tissue, blood vessels, hair follicles, and sweat glands. It plays a vital role in supporting and nourishing the epidermis, regulating body temperature, and housing sensory receptors for touch, pressure, temperature, and pain.
3. **Hypodermis**: Also known as the subcutaneous layer, it consists of fat and connective tissue that anchors the skin to underlying structures like muscles and bones. It provides insulation, cushioning, and energy storage.
Skin performs essential functions such as regulating body temperature through sweat production and blood flow control, synthesizing vitamin D when exposed to sunlight, and serving as a sensory interface with the external environment.
Maintaining skin health is crucial for overall well-being, involving proper hygiene, hydration, protection from sun exposure, and avoiding harmful substances. Skin conditions and diseases range from minor irritations to chronic disorders, emphasizing the importance of regular care and medical attention when needed.
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Pharmacology of Drugs for Congestive Heart Failure
Congestive Heart failure is caused by low cardiac output and high sympathetic discharge. Diuretics reduce preload, ACE inhibitors lower afterload, beta blockers reduce sympathetic activity, and digitalis has inotropic effects. Newer medications target vasodilation and myosin activation to improve heart efficiency while lowering energy requirements. Combination therapy, following an assessment of cardiac function and volume status, is the most effective strategy to heart failure care.
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RESPIRATORY DISEASES by bhavya kelavadiya
The Children are very vulnerable to get affected with respiratory disease.
In our country, the respiratory Disease conditions are consider as major cause for mortality and Morbidity in Child.
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Fexofenadine is sold under the brand name Allegra.
It is a selective peripheral H1 blocker. It is classified as a second-generation antihistamine because it is less able to pass the blood–brain barrier and causes lesser sedation, as compared to first-generation antihistamines.
It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. Fexofenadine has been manufactured in generic form since 2011.
Storyboard on Acne-Innovative Learning-M. pharm. (2nd sem.) Cosmetics
Acne is a common skin condition that occurs when hair follicles become clogged with oil and dead skin cells. It typically manifests as pimples, blackheads, or whiteheads, often on the face, chest, shoulders, or back. Acne can range from mild to severe and may cause emotional distress and scarring in some cases.
**Causes:**
1. **Excess Oil Production:** Hormonal changes during adolescence or certain times in adulthood can increase sebum (oil) production, leading to clogged pores.
2. **Clogged Pores:** When dead skin cells and oil block hair follicles, bacteria (usually Propionibacterium acnes) can thrive, causing inflammation and acne lesions.
3. **Hormonal Factors:** Fluctuations in hormone levels, such as during puberty, menstrual cycles, pregnancy, or certain medical conditions, can contribute to acne.
4. **Genetics:** A family history of acne can increase the likelihood of developing the condition.
**Types of Acne:**
- **Whiteheads:** Closed plugged pores.
- **Blackheads:** Open plugged pores with a dark surface.
- **Papules:** Small red, tender bumps.
- **Pustules:** Pimples with pus at their tips.
- **Nodules:** Large, solid, painful lumps beneath the surface.
- **Cysts:** Painful, pus-filled lumps beneath the surface that can cause scarring.
**Treatment:**
Treatment depends on the severity and type of acne but may include:
- **Topical Treatments:** Such as benzoyl peroxide, salicylic acid, or retinoids to reduce bacteria and unclog pores.
- **Oral Medications:** Antibiotics or oral contraceptives for hormonal acne.
- **Procedures:** Such as chemical peels, extraction of comedones, or light therapy for more severe cases.
**Prevention and Management:**
- **Cleanse:** Regularly wash skin with a gentle cleanser.
- **Moisturize:** Use non-comedogenic moisturizers to keep skin hydrated without clogging pores.
- **Avoid Irritants:** Such as harsh cosmetics or excessive scrubbing.
- **Sun Protection:** Use sunscreen to prevent exacerbation of acne scars and inflammation.
Acne treatment can take time, and consistency in skincare routines and treatments is crucial. Consulting a dermatologist can help tailor a treatment plan that suits individual needs and reduces the risk of scarring or long-term skin damage.
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Discover the benefits of homeopathic medicine for irregular periods with our guide on 5 common remedies. Learn how these natural treatments can help regulate menstrual cycles and improve overall menstrual health.
Visit Us: https://drdeepikashomeopathy.com/service/irregular-periods-treatment/
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Leukocytoclastic vasculitis
- 1. Case Report . Cutaneous Leukocytoclastic Vasculitis associated with Dexibuprofen F. Peral Rubio, M.D. Department of Dermatology Complejo Hospitalario Universitario, Badajoz, Spain. www.dermatoblog.com
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