Case report. Wooly hair associated with nevoid hypermelanosis
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A 4-year-old girl presented with nevoid hypermelanosis since birth, exhibiting hyperpigmented macules that gradually spread in a whorled pattern following Blaschko's lines from her C3 to C6 dermatome. She also showed alterations in hair color, texture, and form beginning at age 1 in well-delimited occipital regions, with one patch of tightly curled hair differing from surrounding scalp hair. This case report describes the association between wooly hair nevus and nevoid hypermelanosis in a young female patient.
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A 4-year-old girl presented with nevoid hypermelanosis and wooly hair nevus since birth. She had hyperpigmented macules that gradually spread following Blaschko's lines from her C3 to C6 dermatome. She also showed alterations in hair color, texture, and form in well-delimited occipital regions since age 1, with one patch of tightly curled hair differing from surrounding scalp hair. This case report from a Spanish dermatologist describes the association between nevoid hypermelanosis and wooly hair nevus in a pediatric patient.
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This document reports a case study of a 59-year-old Arabic female who presented with thickening of the scalp and headache for two years. On examination, her scalp was thick, soft, and spongy to touch. CT scan showed diffuse thickening of the scalp. Scalp biopsy found increased thickness of subcutaneous fat. She was diagnosed with lipedematous scalp, a rare condition characterized by thickening of the scalp's subcutaneous layer. No effective treatments currently exist, so she will be monitored regularly. The document also reviews the limited literature on lipedematous scalp and similar conditions.
Hair cloning
Hair cloning aims to harvest healthy follicle stem cells from a donor area and multiply them in a lab to be implanted into a bald recipient area to regenerate hair growth. While research on mice has shown signals from some follicle cells can stimulate regeneration in nearby shrinking follicle cells, challenges remain in isolating and expanding rare human hair-bulge stem cells in a way that maintains their ability to differentiate. With further research optimizing growth factors, scientists estimate a tissue-engineered hair organ transplant technique could be viable in humans within 3-4 years.
Health assessment on examination of hair
This document provides guidance on examining a patient's hair and scalp as part of a health assessment. Key things to inspect include hair color, texture, and distribution as well as the condition of the scalp. Hair and scalp characteristics like color, texture, distribution and condition can provide clues to underlying health issues such as hormonal imbalances, nutritional deficiencies or infections. The scalp should be smooth, firm, symmetrical and non-tender without lesions or signs of infection.
Androgenetic alopecia
This seminar presentation discusses androgenetic alopecia, a common form of hair loss affecting both men and women. It is caused by androgens miniaturizing hair follicles, shortening the hair cycle and reducing hair shaft length. In men, hair loss typically starts at the temples and crown and may progress to baldness, while in women the hair thinning is usually more diffuse. The presentation covers the epidemiology, pathophysiology involving the hair growth cycle and follicles, clinical features, histopathology, and medical treatment options including minoxidil and finasteride for men. Counseling is an important part of managing patients with androgenetic alopecia.
Female Pattern Hair Loss | Chapter 20 | Practical Guide To Hair Transplantati...
Female Pattern Hair Loss | Chapter 20 | Practical Guide To Hair Transplantati...Dr Anil Garg - Hair Transplant Surgeon - ABHRS, ISHRS
Hair loss in females may be due to various reasons, the role of genetics, hormones, and nutrition are important in pathogenesis. FPHL - female pattern hair loss is the term used to describe hair loss in females. Thorough investigation are required to know underlying causes. Topical Minoxidil application is the only USFDA approved treatment. Treatment of underlying causes such as PCOS, thyroid disorder, and iron deficiency has to be done.Alopecia Areata
Alopecia Areata, Dermatology Block 5.5
College of Medicine, King Faisal University, AL Ahsa, Saudi Arabia.
Alopecia Areata is A localized loss of hair in round or oval areas with no apparent inflammation of the skin
Prognosis: good for limited involvement. Poor for extensive hair loss.
Management: intralesional triamcinolone effective for limited number of lesions
Similar to Case report. Wooly hair associated with nevoid hypermelanosis (20)
An approach to hair shaft disorders in Dermatology
An approach to hair shaft disorders in Dermatology
Male pattern hair loss practical guide to hair transplantation chapter 19 d...
Male pattern hair loss practical guide to hair transplantation chapter 19 d...
Female Pattern Hair Loss | Chapter 20 | Practical Guide To Hair Transplantati...
Female Pattern Hair Loss | Chapter 20 | Practical Guide To Hair Transplantati...
More from Dr. Peral www.dermaperal.com
Basal cell carcinoma. dermoscopy
A 75-year-old woman was referred for assessment of a facial lesion that had been present for 1 year. Dermoscopy of the lesion revealed an absence of pigment network, linear and branching red blood vessels, ulceration, and multiple blue-gray globules, which are features characteristic of basal cell carcinoma.
Lesion on the cheek
A 75-year-old woman was referred to a dermatologist for evaluation of a lesion on her cheek that had been present for 1 year. After examination, including dermoscopy, the dermatologist diagnosed it as a skin lesion on the patient's cheek.
Lesion cheek
A 70-year-old man was referred to a dermatologist for evaluation of a pigmented lesion on his cheek that had been present for 6 years. The dermatologist examined the lesion and determined it was a benign pigmented lesion with no signs of malignancy or need for further treatment.
Hidrocystoma apocrine
A 35-year-old woman was referred for assessment of lesions on her face that had been present for 3 years. Apocrine hidrocystomas are benign cystic skin growths of apocrine gland origin that typically appear as solitary, translucent skin-colored or bluish nodules, commonly located on the face. Histological examination revealed cystic spaces in the dermis with papillary projections, characteristic of apocrine hidrocystomas.
Seborrheic kertaosis
A 65-year-old man was referred for assessment of a 10-year-old lesion on his head. Dermoscopy showed a sharply demarcated lesion with a moth-eaten border and irregular crypts resembling a brain-like appearance with fissures and ridges. Within the lesion, networklike structures were seen that differed from a classic pigment network in melanocytic lesions by being larger with hyperpigmented lines that abruptly ended at the periphery.
Lesion on the head
A 65-year-old man was referred to a dermatologist for evaluation of a pigmented lesion on his head that had been present for 10 years. After examination with dermoscopy, the dermatologist diagnosed the lesion.
Lesion on the back 2012
A 65-year-old woman was referred to a dermatologist for evaluation of a pigmented lesion on her back that had been present for 6 years. The dermatologist examined the lesion and determined it was a congenital birthmark that had been on the woman's back since birth.
Spitz nevus
A 35-year-old woman was referred for assessment of a lesion on her right leg that had been present for 3 years. Dermoscopy revealed a vascular pattern with peripheral dot vessels. Pathology confirmed the lesion was a Spitz nevus. Spitz nevi can present as evolving lesions in various colors and patterns including globular, starburst, reticular, or homogeneous under dermoscopy. They may also display an atypical pattern or vascular pattern with dotted vessels, as was seen in this case.
Lesion on the leg.
A 35-year-old woman was referred to a dermatologist for evaluation of a lesion on her right leg that had been present for 3 years. Based on the limited information provided, the dermatologist cannot make a definitive diagnosis about the lesion.
Extradigital tumour glomus
A 45-year-old man presented with a painful 1 cm round reddish papule on his right leg that had been present for 3 months. A biopsy showed a well-circumscribed dermal tumor consisting of sheets of pale cells with punched-out nuclei surrounding dilated vascular spaces, consistent with an extradigital glomus tumor. Extradigital glomus tumors are a subtype of glomus tumors that can develop in the dermis and subcutaneous tissue outside of the digits, and are typically excised for diagnosis and treatment.
Fixed drug eruption
A 38-year-old man developed a lesion on his palm 3 days after taking ibuprofen. He had experienced two similar episodes previously in relation to taking ibuprofen. The man was referred to a dermatologist to assess the palm lesion, which appeared to be a fixed drug eruption caused by his use of the drug ibuprofen.
Imiquimod
A 50-year-old woman was referred to a dermatologist for assessment of a lesion on her nose that had been present for 1 year. A biopsy confirmed it was a superficial basal cell carcinoma. She was treated with imiquimod 5% cream applied 5 times per week, which caused mild side effects after 2 weeks but cleared the lesion completely after 4 weeks of treatment.
Imiquimod
A 50-year-old woman was referred to a dermatology department for assessment of a lesion on her nose that had been present for 1 year. A biopsy confirmed it was a superficial basal cell carcinoma. She was treated with imiquimod 5% cream applied 5 times per week for 6 weeks. After 2 weeks of treatment, she developed mild erythema, crusting, and burning sensation at the site.
Pinkus
A 47-year-old man was referred for assessment of two lesions on his right gluteal and lower back that had been present for 3 years. The lesion was excised and histopathological examination revealed features consistent with fibroepithelioma of Pinkus (FEP). FEP is an uncommon variant of basal cell carcinoma first described by Hermann Pinkus in 1953. It presents as a single or multiple dome-shaped papules or large pedunculated tumors that can be pink, yellow, brown, or skin colored. Treatment options for FEP are similar to those for basal cell carcinoma.
Keratoacanthoma. spontaneous regresion
A 70-year-old woman was referred to a dermatologist for evaluation of a lesion on her forehead that had developed over the previous 4 weeks. A biopsy confirmed it was a keratoacanthoma. The patient did not attend her scheduled surgical treatment. When she returned 3 months later, the lesion had completely regressed, leaving only a scar. Keratoacanthomas are rapidly growing skin tumors that may occur as single or multiple lesions. They typically stop growing after 6-8 weeks, remain unchanged for 2-6 more weeks, then slowly regress over 2-12 months, often healing with scarring.
Extragenital lichen answer
A 50-year-old woman presented with hypopigmented, atrophic plaques on her abdomen and inframammary area. A biopsy showed features consistent with lichen sclerosus. Laboratory tests were normal. She was diagnosed with extragenital lichen sclerosus. Extragenital lichen sclerosus most often affects the abdomen and treatment typically involves topical corticosteroids, which resolved the lesions in this patient.
Extragenital lichen
A 50-year-old woman was referred for assessment of hypopigmented, atrophic plaques on her abdomen and inframammary area. A skin biopsy showed epidermal atrophy, vacuolar alteration of the dermo-epidermal junction, and sclerosis of the papillary dermis. Based on the physical examination and biopsy results, the patient was diagnosed with scleroderma.
Extragenital lichen
A 50-year-old woman was referred for assessment of hypopigmented, atrophic plaques on her abdomen and inframammary area between 3-6cm in size. A skin biopsy revealed epidermal atrophy, vacuolar alteration at the dermo-epidermal junction, and sclerosis of the papillary dermis. Laboratory tests for underlying diseases were normal.
Keratoacanthoma. spontaneous regresion
A 70-year-old woman was referred to a dermatologist for evaluation of a lesion on her forehead that had developed over the previous 4 weeks. A biopsy confirmed it was a keratoacanthoma. The patient did not attend her scheduled surgical treatment. When she returned 3 months later, the lesion had completely regressed, leaving only a scar. Keratoacanthomas are rapidly growing skin tumors that may occur as single or multiple lesions. They typically stop growing after 6-8 weeks, remain unchanged for 2-6 more weeks, then slowly regress over 2-12 months, often healing with scarring.
Granuloma piogeno vih
A 45-year-old HIV-positive man presented with a lesion on his finger that had grown over the past 3 months. Upon excision and histological examination, the tumor was found to be a pyogenic granuloma, an overgrowth of blood vessels typically seen in HIV patients.
More from Dr. Peral www.dermaperal.com (20)
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These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of the physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar lead (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
6. Describe the flow of current around the heart during the cardiac cycle
7. Discuss the placement and polarity of the leads of electrocardiograph
8. Describe the normal electrocardiograms recorded from the limb leads and explain the physiological basis of the different records that are obtained
9. Define mean electrical vector (axis) of the heart and give the normal range
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4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. Chapter 3, Cardiology Explained, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK2214/
7. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
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These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a simplified look into the mechanisms involved in the regulation of respiration:
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3. Describe the functions of the dorsal and respiratory groups of neurons
4. Describe the influences of the Pneumotaxic and Apneustic centers
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8. Explain the regulation of respiration during exercise
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- 1. Case Report. Wooly Hair Nevus associated with Nevoid Hypermelanosis F. Peral Rubio, M.D. Department of Dermatology Complejo Hospitalario Universitario, Badajoz, Spain. www.dermatoblog.com
- 10. Case Report. Wooly Hair Nevus associated with Nevoid Hypermelanosis F. Peral Rubio, M.D. Department of Dermatology Complejo Hospitalario Universitario, Badajoz, Spain. www.dermatoblog.com